JP3617612B2 - Peeling device - Google Patents

Description

【００２３】
前記剥離部５は、図２にその一部水平断面図が示されるように、内面に波型の特殊ライナー１５が装着された円筒状のケーシング１６と、このケーシング１６内部に設けられるロータ１７と、このロータ１７の先端に取り付けられる剥離刃１８とにより構成されている。前記剥離刃１８は、ロータ１７の周方向に略一定間隔で複数枚、上下方向に複数段（本実施例では５段）装着されている。これら各剥離刃１８はその先端と特殊ライナー１５との間隙が非常に狭く（本実施例では約１．５ｍｍ程度とされている）なるように取付けられており、かつ上下方向に隣接する剥離刃１８同士が互いに一直線上に重ならないように配置されている。なお、図１中の符号１９は、前記ロータ１７を回転させるモータである。
【００２４】
また、本実施例においては、搬送管４内でかつ冷却装置１０の下流側に搬送空気温度を確認する温度計２０が設けられている。また、装置１の安全および信頼性向上のため、制御装置１４により前記定量供給装置８の複合材投入量およびモータ１９の回転数が調整されるように構成されている。
【００２５】
このように構成される剥離装置１においては、前工程の破砕装置２により破砕された複合材が投入口３および定量供給装置８を経て搬送管４内に投入される。この搬送管４内には冷却装置１０により冷却された搬送空気が上流側から下流側に流されており、この搬送空気によって前記複合材が剥離部５の下部に供給される。なお、前記搬送管４内には水噴霧装置１１により水が噴霧されている。
【００２６】
前記剥離部５ではモータ１９によりロータ１７が回転し、これに伴って剥離刃１７と特殊ライナー１５の溝部１５ａとの間に渦が発生しており、この剥離部５の下部に搬送空気とともに供給された複合材は、その渦中を上方に移動して単一材に分離される。この剥離部５内では渦発生時や複合材の剥離時に熱が発生するが、この熱は冷却された搬送空気およびこの搬送空気中に含有される水分の潜熱により回収されて温度上昇が抑制され、前記プラスチックの軟化温度よりも低い温度に常に保持されている。
【００２７】
こうして剥離部５内で分離された単一材は、下流側に流れる搬送空気によって排出管７内を経て排出口６より系外へ排出される。この排出管７内の搬送空気の温度および湿度は各センサ１２、１３により検出され、それら検出信号が制御装置１４に入力される。前記制御装置１４においては、前記搬送空気の温度および湿度の検出値に基づいて、前記搬送管４内を流通する搬送空気の温度および湿度が調整される。
【００２８】
本実施例によれば、排出管７内を流れる搬送空気の温度および湿度により搬送管４内の搬送空気の温度および湿度が制御され、剥離部５内の温度がプラスチックの軟化温度より低い値を常に示すようにされている。このため複合材に熱可塑性プラスチックが採用されている場合であっても、従来の問題点にあるようにプラスチックが軟化して粘着したり剥離部５内に付着してしまうことがなく、正常な剥離操作を行うことができる。これに伴って、従来の問題点にあるようにロータ１７の回転数を下げたり定量供給装置２により複合材の投入量を制限させる必要がなくなり、処理量および能率を向上することができるという効果を奏する。したがって、剥離装置１の大型化および次工程の選別装置等の大型化を抑制することができ、これに伴って設備費および維持費の増加を抑制することができる。
【００２９】
また、本実施例においては、前記冷却装置１０および水噴霧装置１１による剥離部５内の温度抑制が不可能な場合は、制御装置１４によりロータ１７の回転数および定量供給装置２の複合材投入量を調整することができ、剥離装置１の安全性および信頼性が図られている。なお、通常の剥離操作では、冷却装置１０および水噴霧装置１１により剥離部５内の温度抑制は十分可能であるので、前記制御装置１４によりロータ１７の回転数および定量供給装置２の複合材投入量が調整不可能であってもよい。
【００３０】
本実施例においては、搬送管４に冷却装置１０および水噴霧装置１１が設けられているが、これに限らず、前記冷却装置１０もしくは水噴霧装置１１のいずれか一方を設けるようにしても良い。なお、前記冷却装置１０のみを備える場合は、排出管７に湿度センサ１３を装着する必要がなく、温度センサ１２の計測値が制御装置１４に入力されることにより、その冷却装置１０の能力が調整される。
【００３１】
また、本実施例においては、前記冷却装置１０が搬送空気の吸引口９付近に設置され、水噴霧装置１１が複合材の投入口３より下流側に設置されているが、これら装置の位置は限定されるものではなく、剥離部５の上流側であれば任意の位置に設置することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は、本発明の一実施例に係る剥離装置の概略構成図である。
【図２】図２は、剥離部の一部水平断面図である。
【図３】図３は、従来の剥離装置の概略構成図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 剥離装置
２ 破砕装置
３ 投入口
４ 搬送管
５ 剥離部
６ 排出口
７ 排出管
８ 定量供給装置
９ 吸引口
１０ 冷却装置
１１ 水噴霧装置
１２ 温度センサ
１３ 湿度センサ
１４ 制御装置
１５ 特殊ライナー
１６ ケーシング
１７ ロータ
１８ 剥離刃
１９ モータ
２０ 温度計[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a peeling apparatus for separating a composite material such as a waste toothpaste tube (laminate tube), a liquid milk container for coffee, or an aluminum cap of a bottle into a single material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, recycling of waste discharged from homes and offices has been implemented from the viewpoint of recycling, energy saving or environmental conservation. Among waste, toothpaste tube (laminate tube), for coffee It has been considered difficult to recycle a composite material such as a liquid milk container or an aluminum cap of a bottle because it requires enormous labor and power to separate the materials (each single material).
[0003]
Conventionally, the composite material is peeled and separated while maintaining the particle size of the composite material by adopting a peeling device without using a pulverizer, so that the sorting operation in the next process can be easily performed. .
[0004]
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structure of a conventional peeling apparatus. As shown in the figure, in this peeling device 50, the composite material crushed to a size of about 15 mm or less by the crushing device 51 in the previous process is fed through the quantitative supply device 52, and the composite material is transported by the transport pipe 53 by the transport air. It is supplied to the peeling part 54 through the inside. The peeling portion 54 includes a cylindrical casing 55 having a special liner (not shown) mounted on the inner surface, and a rotor 56 installed in the casing 55 and attached with a plurality of peeling blades (not shown). The composite material supplied to the peeling portion 54 is peeled into a single material by a vortex generated between the tip of the peeling blade and the special liner. Then, the peeled single material is discharged from the discharge port 58 through the discharge pipe 57 by the carrier air. Further, the discharge pipe 56 is provided with a temperature indication alarm device 59 so as to notify when the temperature in the discharge pipe 57 becomes a predetermined value or more.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this conventional peeling device 50, when a thermoplastic plastic is used as the composite material, the temperature in the peeling portion 54 increases due to the heat generated when the vortex is generated or when the plastic is peeled off. There is a problem in that the softened plastics adhere to each other or adhere to the peeling portion 54, and normal peeling operation becomes difficult. Such problems often occur especially when the outdoor temperature in summer is high or when the amount of composite material supplied is large.
[0006]
In order to deal with such a problem, it is conceivable to reduce the rotational speed of the rotor 56 or limit the amount of the composite material charged by the quantitative feeder 52. In this case, the composite material is peeled off. There is a problem in that the performance and efficiency of the peeling device are reduced, such as deterioration of the state and reduction of the processing amount. In addition, it is conceivable to increase the amount of air transported in the transport pipe 53 to increase the cooling effect. However, in this case, the peeling device becomes larger and the cyclone and bug of the sorting device as the next process are also obtained. There is a problem that the size and power of the filter, silencer, exhaust fan, etc. are increased, and the equipment cost and maintenance cost are increased.
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and even if a thermoplastic material is employed in the composite material, the peeling operation can be performed normally and without reducing processing capacity and efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide a peeling apparatus capable of performing the above.
[0008]
[Means for solving the problems and actions / effects]
In order to achieve the above-described object, a peeling apparatus according to the first invention is a peeling apparatus for separating a composite material into a single material,
(A) Conveying pipe for conveying the composite material input from the input port by air,
(B) a cooling means that is installed in the transport pipe and cools the transport air that transports the composite material;
(C) A separating means for separating the composite material conveyed by the cooled conveying air, and (d) a discharge pipe for discharging the single material separated by the separating means by air. is there.
[0009]
In the first invention, the charged composite material is supplied to the peeling means by the conveying air flowing toward the downstream side in the conveying pipe, and is separated into a single material in the peeling means. Thereafter, the separated single material is discharged by the carrier air flowing toward the downstream side in the discharge pipe. The carrier air flowing through the carrier pipe is cooled by a cooling means so that the temperature in the peeling means does not increase due to heat generated at the time of peeling.
[0010]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the carrier air is cooled and the temperature rise in the peeling means is suppressed, there is a conventional problem even when a thermoplastic plastic is employed for the composite material. Thus, there is an effect that normal peeling operation can be performed without the plastics sticking to each other or adhering in the peeling means due to the softening of the plastic. Therefore, it is not necessary to limit the processing capacity of the peeling means and the amount of the composite material, and the processing capacity and efficiency can be improved. In addition, it is possible to suppress an increase in the size of the peeling device and the sorting device in the next process.
[0011]
In the first aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the conveying air in the discharge pipe and control means for controlling the cooling capacity of the cooling means based on a detection value from the temperature detection means. . If the temperature of the carrier air in the discharge pipe is detected in this way and the cooling of the carrier air in the carrier pipe is controlled, the temperature inside the peeling means can be reliably and reliably cooled, and is always kept at a temperature lower than the softening temperature of the plastic. There is an effect that can be done.
[0012]
In the first aspect of the invention, it is preferable that water spraying means for spraying water is provided inside the transport pipe. By doing so, the heat generated in the peeling means can be recovered by the latent heat of the water contained in the carrier air, and the temperature rise in the peeling means can be suppressed.
[0013]
In the first aspect of the invention, humidity detection means for detecting the humidity of the carrier air is provided in the discharge pipe, and the control means determines the capacity of the cooling means and the water based on the detection values from the temperature detection means and the humidity detection means. It is preferable to control the water spray amount of the spray means. By controlling the amount of water spray based on the detection value of the humidity detecting means in this way, the temperature rise in the peeling means can be more reliably suppressed, and the temperature of the carrier air can be lowered in the apparatus such as the next process. Accompanied by this, it is possible to prevent generation of water droplets.
[0014]
Next, the peeling apparatus according to the second invention is a peeling apparatus for separating a composite material into a single material,
(A) Conveying pipe for conveying the composite material input from the input port by air,
(B) a water spraying means that is installed in the transport pipe and sprays water into the transport pipe;
(C) Separation means for separating the composite material conveyed by the carrier air whose temperature has been lowered using the latent heat of water sprayed from the water spray means; and (d) a single material separated by the separation means. A discharge pipe that discharges with air is provided.
[0015]
In the second invention, similarly to the first invention, the input composite material is supplied to the peeling means by the carrier air flowing toward the downstream side in the carrier pipe, and is separated into a single material in the peeling means. Then, these single materials are discharged | emitted by the conveyance air which flows toward the downstream in the inside of a discharge pipe. Water is sprayed from the water spraying means into the conveying air flowing in the conveying pipe, and the heat generated in the peeling means is recovered by the latent heat of the moisture in the conveying air.
[0016]
According to the second aspect of the invention, the heat generated in the peeling means is recovered using the latent heat in the carrier air, so that the temperature rise in the peeling means is suppressed. Therefore, even when a thermoplastic plastic is used for the composite material, the plastic does not stick to each other due to the softening of the plastic or adhere to the peeling means as in the conventional problem. There is an effect that a normal peeling operation can be performed.
[0017]
In the second invention, there are provided detection means for detecting the temperature and humidity of the carrier air in the discharge pipe, and control means for controlling the water spray amount of the water spray means based on each detection value from the detection means. Is preferred. By controlling the amount of water spray based on the detection values of the detection means in this way, the temperature rise in the peeling means can be more reliably suppressed, and the temperature drop of the carrier air in the apparatus such as the next process As a result, it is possible to prevent the generation of water droplets.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, specific embodiments of the peeling apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0019]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a peeling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0020]
The peeling apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is configured so that the carrier air flows from the upstream side to the downstream side of the composite material supply port 3 supplied from the crushing device 2 of the previous step and the downstream side of the input port 3. A separating pipe 5 that separates the composite material supplied to the downstream end of the conveying pipe 4 via the conveying pipe 4 into a single material, and a discharge port 6 on the downstream side of the peeling section 5. The discharge pipe 7 is arranged so that the carrier air flows toward the front. A fixed amount supply device 8 is provided at the inlet 3 so that a predetermined amount of the composite material crushed to a size of about 15 mm or less through the crushing device 2 is charged.
[0021]
In the present embodiment, a cooling device 10 is provided at a carrier air suction port 9 provided at the upstream end of the carrier tube 4, and the carrier air sucked from the suction port 9 is cooled by the cooling device 10. It is supplied into the transport pipe 4. Further, a water spray device 11 for spraying water inside is provided near the intermediate position of the transport pipe 4 (downstream side of the inlet 3). The transport pipe 4 is connected to the lower part of the peeling part 5, and the discharge pipe 7 is connected to the upper part of the peeling part 5.
[0022]
The discharge pipe 7 is provided with a temperature sensor 12 for detecting the temperature inside and a humidity sensor 13 for detecting humidity. The signals output from the temperature sensor 12 and the humidity sensor 13 are input to the control device 14, and the cooling capacity of the cooling device 10 and the water spray amount of the water spray device 11 are adjusted by the signal output from the control device 14. The That is, the controller 14 cools the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 12 to be lower than the softening temperature of the thermoplastic plastic constituting the composite material (preferably, about 10 ° C. lower). While the cooling capacity of the apparatus 10 is adjusted, the water spray amount is adjusted so that the humidity detected by the humidity sensor 13 is kept slightly lower than the saturation humidity at the detected temperature. Table 1 shows softening temperatures of main plastics.
[Table 1]

[0023]
As shown in FIG. 2, a partial horizontal sectional view of the peeling portion 5 includes a cylindrical casing 16 having a corrugated special liner 15 mounted on the inner surface thereof, and a rotor 17 provided inside the casing 16. The peeling blade 18 is attached to the tip of the rotor 17. A plurality of the peeling blades 18 are mounted in the circumferential direction of the rotor 17 at a substantially constant interval and a plurality of stages (five stages in this embodiment) in the vertical direction. Each of the peeling blades 18 is mounted so that the gap between the tip and the special liner 15 is very narrow (in this embodiment, about 1.5 mm), and is adjacent to the vertical direction. It arrange | positions so that 18 may not mutually overlap on a straight line. Note that reference numeral 19 in FIG. 1 denotes a motor that rotates the rotor 17.
[0024]
In this embodiment, a thermometer 20 is provided in the transport pipe 4 and on the downstream side of the cooling device 10 to check the transport air temperature. Further, in order to improve the safety and reliability of the apparatus 1, the controller 14 is configured to adjust the composite material input amount of the quantitative supply apparatus 8 and the rotation speed of the motor 19.
[0025]
In the peeling device 1 configured as described above, the composite material crushed by the crushing device 2 in the previous process is fed into the transport pipe 4 through the charging port 3 and the quantitative supply device 8. In the transport pipe 4, transport air cooled by the cooling device 10 flows from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the composite material is supplied to the lower part of the peeling unit 5 by the transport air. Note that water is sprayed into the transport pipe 4 by a water spray device 11.
[0026]
In the peeling portion 5, the rotor 17 is rotated by the motor 19, and accordingly, a vortex is generated between the peeling blade 17 and the groove portion 15 a of the special liner 15. The formed composite material moves upward in the vortex and is separated into a single material. Heat is generated in the peeling portion 5 at the time of vortex generation or peeling of the composite material, but this heat is recovered by the cooled carrier air and the latent heat of moisture contained in the carrier air to suppress the temperature rise. The temperature is always kept lower than the softening temperature of the plastic.
[0027]
The single material thus separated in the peeling portion 5 is discharged out of the system through the discharge port 6 through the discharge pipe 7 by the carrier air flowing downstream. The temperature and humidity of the carrier air in the discharge pipe 7 are detected by the sensors 12 and 13, and these detection signals are input to the control device 14. In the control device 14, the temperature and humidity of the carrier air flowing through the carrier pipe 4 are adjusted based on the detected values of the temperature and humidity of the carrier air.
[0028]
According to this embodiment, the temperature and humidity of the carrier air in the carrier pipe 4 are controlled by the temperature and humidity of the carrier air flowing in the discharge pipe 7, and the temperature in the peeling part 5 is lower than the softening temperature of the plastic. It has always been shown. For this reason, even when a thermoplastic is used for the composite material, the plastic does not soften and stick or adhere to the peeling portion 5 as in the conventional problem, and is normal. A peeling operation can be performed. Along with this, there is no need to reduce the rotational speed of the rotor 17 or limit the amount of the composite material input by the quantitative supply device 2 as in the conventional problem, and it is possible to improve the throughput and efficiency. Play. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress an increase in the size of the peeling device 1 and an increase in the size of the next-stage sorting device, and accordingly, it is possible to suppress an increase in equipment costs and maintenance costs.
[0029]
Further, in this embodiment, when the temperature in the peeling part 5 cannot be suppressed by the cooling device 10 and the water spray device 11, the control device 14 causes the rotational speed of the rotor 17 and the composite material of the quantitative supply device 2 to be charged. The amount can be adjusted, and the safety and reliability of the peeling apparatus 1 are achieved. In the normal peeling operation, the cooling device 10 and the water spraying device 11 can sufficiently suppress the temperature in the peeling portion 5, so the controller 14 rotates the rotational speed of the rotor 17 and the composite material of the quantitative supply device 2. The amount may not be adjustable.
[0030]
In the present embodiment, the cooling device 10 and the water spray device 11 are provided in the transport pipe 4, but not limited to this, either the cooling device 10 or the water spray device 11 may be provided. . When only the cooling device 10 is provided, it is not necessary to attach the humidity sensor 13 to the discharge pipe 7, and the measured value of the temperature sensor 12 is input to the control device 14. Adjusted.
[0031]
In this embodiment, the cooling device 10 is installed in the vicinity of the suction port 9 for the carrier air, and the water spraying device 11 is installed on the downstream side of the inlet 3 for the composite material. It is not limited and can be installed at any position as long as it is upstream of the peeling portion 5.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a peeling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial horizontal sectional view of a peeling portion.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional peeling apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Peeling device 2 Crushing device 3 Input port 4 Carrying pipe 5 Peeling part 6 Discharge port 7 Discharge tube 8 Fixed supply device 9 Suction port 10 Cooling device 11 Water spraying device 12 Temperature sensor 13 Humidity sensor 14 Control device 15 Special liner 16 Casing 17 Rotor 18 Peeling blade 19 Motor 20 Thermometer

Claims (6)

In a peeling device that separates a composite material into a single material,
(A) Conveying pipe for conveying the composite material input from the input port by air,
(B) a cooling means that is installed in the transport pipe and cools the transport air that transports the composite material;
(C) A peeling device for separating the composite material conveyed by the cooled conveying air, and (d) a peeling device for discharging the single material separated by the peeling device by air. . The peeling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a temperature detection unit that detects a temperature of the conveying air in the discharge pipe; and a control unit that controls a cooling capacity of the cooling unit based on a detection value from the temperature detection unit. The peeling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein water spraying means for spraying water is provided inside the transport pipe. Humidity detection means for detecting the humidity of the carrier air is provided in the discharge pipe, and the control means determines the capability of the cooling means and the water spray amount of the water spray means based on the detection values from the temperature detection means and the humidity detection means. The peeling apparatus of Claim 3 which controls. In a peeling device that separates a composite material into a single material,
(A) Conveying pipe for conveying the composite material input from the input port by air,
(B) a water spraying means that is installed in the transport pipe and sprays water into the transport pipe;
(C) Separation means for separating the composite material conveyed by the carrier air whose temperature has been lowered using the latent heat of water sprayed from the water spray means; and (d) a single material separated by the separation means. A peeling device characterized in that a discharge pipe for discharging with air is provided. The detection means for detecting the carrier air temperature and humidity in the discharge pipe, and the control means for controlling the water spray amount of the water spray means based on each detection value from the detection means are provided. Peeling device.

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