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JP3641287B2 - Fluid actuator actuator - Google Patents
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JP3641287B2 - Fluid actuator actuator - Google Patents

Fluid actuator actuator Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3641287B2
JP3641287B2 JP03623295A JP3623295A JP3641287B2 JP 3641287 B2 JP3641287 B2 JP 3641287B2 JP 03623295 A JP03623295 A JP 03623295A JP 3623295 A JP3623295 A JP 3623295A JP 3641287 B2 JP3641287 B2 JP 3641287B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
valve
pressure
fluid actuator
fluid
supply
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JP03623295A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH08210316A (en
Inventor
正比古 細野
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Toyooki Kogyo Co Ltd
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Toyooki Kogyo Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、流体シリンダや揺動モータのように切換弁の作動により往復動される流体アクチュエータの作動装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
例えば流体シリンダは、各種機械、装置において、適宜な可動部材あるいはピストンロッドの先端を、前進側の移動終端付近、要するに前進側作動端部で対象物に押しつけ、対象物への所定の処理が終われば、再びピストンロッドあるいはこれによって可動部材を復帰させるよう後退されるといった使い方をされることが多い。この場合、可動部材あるいはピストンロッドの先端と、対象物あるいは機械、装置のフレーム等との間に人や、異物が挟まれると人身事故や各部の破損につながるので、このような事態を防止するものとして、実公昭60−4668号公報に記載のものがある。
【0003】
すなわち、このものでは、流体シリンダのピストンとピストンロッドには、キャップ側からピストンロッドに沿って穴が設けられ、またキャップ側端壁からはこの穴に嵌入する棒状の突出部が設けられている。そして、この突出部先端に開口する通路より供給される圧力流体が穴内端の小さい受圧面積に作用して小さい力でピストンを前進させ、前進側移動端部に達すると突出部が穴から抜け出して、ピストンのキャップ側全域に圧力流体を作用させて対象物に大きな力を作用させるようになっており、これにより、前進側移動端部に達するまでの間でピストンロッド先端と対象物との間に例えば人が挟まれても、容易にピストンロッドすなわちピストンを押し戻して逃げることができるようにして安全作動を得るようにしている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このものでは、ピストンロッド内に穴を設けるので、ピストンロッドがある程度太いものでなけば適用できない問題点がある。本発明は、流体アクチュエータの特定部分の形状に左右されずに、挟み込みの防止ができる流体アクチュエータの作動装置を実現しようとするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
このため、請求項1に記載の発明では、切換弁の作動により往復動する流体アクチュエータを有し、この流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際の排出経路には絞りを設け、流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際にこの絞り前の圧力が低下することに基づいて流体アクチュエータの圧力流体の供給を受ける作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動する安全作動弁を設けるとともに、流体アクチュエータの一方向側作動端部と他方側作動端部で安全作動弁の開作動を阻止するため作動される制御弁を設けている。
【0006】
請求項2に記載の発明では、切換弁の作動により往復動する流体アクチュエータを有し、この流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際の供給経路には絞りを設け、流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際にこの絞り後の圧力が上昇することに基づいて流体アクチュエータの圧力流体の供給を受ける作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動する安全作動弁を設けるとともに、流体アクチュエータの一方向側作動端部で安全作動弁の開作動を阻止するため作動される制御弁を設けている。
【0007】
また、請求項3に記載の発明では、切換弁の作動により往復動する流体アクチュエータを有し、この流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際の排出経路には絞りと絞り前での圧力低下を検出して電気信号を生じる圧力検出器を設け、圧力検出器からの電気信号に基づき一方向への作動の際に圧力流体が供給される流体アクチュエータの作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動する電磁操作の安全作動弁を設けるとともに、流体アクチュエータの一方向側作動端部と他方側作動端部で安全作動弁の開作動を阻止するための電気信号を得る位置検出器をそれぞれ設けている。
【0008】
さらに、請求項4に記載の発明では、切換弁の作動により往復動する流体アクチュエータを有し、この流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際の供給経路には絞りと絞り後での圧力上昇を検出して電気信号を生じる圧力検出器を設け、圧力検出器からの電気信号に基づき一方向への作動の際に圧力流体が供給される流体アクチュエータの作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動する電磁操作の安全作動弁を設けるとともに、流体アクチュエータの一方向側作動端部で安全作動弁の開作動を阻止するための電気信号を得る位置検出器を設けている。
【0009】
また、請求項5に記載の発明では、上記の如き安全作動弁を、圧力流体が供給される流体アクチュエータの作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動するとき、この作動室への圧力流体の供給を阻止するものとしている。
【0010】
【作用】
請求項1に記載の流体アクチュエータの作動装置によると、一方向側の作動端部へと他方向側の作動端部を脱して流体アクチュエータが作動している間に、流体アクチュエータの可動部分に人や異物が挟まれるような場合、流体アクチュエータの負荷が大きくなるので、排出経路の絞り前の圧力が正常作動の場合よりも低下する。これにより、安全作動弁が流体アクチュエータの供給側の作動室より圧力流体の排出を許すよう開作動するので、大きな力で人や、異物を挟み込むような事態が防止される。
【0011】
請求項2に記載の流体アクチュエータの作動装置によると、一方向側の作動端部へと流体アクチュエータが作動している間に、流体アクチュエータの可動部分に人や異物が挟まれるような場合、流体アクチュエータの負荷が大きくなるので、供給経路の絞り後の圧力が正常作動の場合よりも上昇する。これにより、安全作動弁が流体アクチュエータの供給側の作動室より圧力流体の排出を許すよう開作動するので、大きな力で人や、異物を挟み込むような事態が防止される。
【0012】
請求項3に記載の流体アクチュエータの作動装置によると、一方向側の作動端部へと他方向側の作動端部を脱して流体アクチュエータが作動している間に、流体アクチュエータの可動部分に人や異物が挟まれるような場合、流体アクチュエータの負荷が大きくなるので、排出経路の絞り前の圧力が正常作動の場合よりも低下する。これを検出する圧力検出器の電気信号に基づき安全作動弁が流体アクチュエータの供給側の作動室より圧力流体の排出を許すよう開作動するので、大きな力で人や、異物を挟み込むような事態が防止される。
【0013】
請求項4に記載の流体アクチュエータの作動装置によると、一方向側の作動端部へと流体アクチュエータが作動している間に、流体アクチュエータの可動部分に人や異物が挟まれるような場合、流体アクチュエータの負荷が大きくなるので、供給経路の絞り後の圧力が正常作動の場合よりも上昇する。これを検出する圧力検出器の電気信号に基づき安全作動弁が流体アクチュエータの供給側の作動室より圧力流体の排出を許すよう開作動するので、大きな力で人や、異物を挟み込むような事態が防止される。
【0014】
請求項5に記載の流体アクチュエータの作動装置によると、安全作動弁は、流体アクチュエータの供給側の作動室より圧力流体の排出を許すよう開作動するとき、この供給側の作動室への圧力流体の供給を阻止する。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を図面により説明する。
本発明の第1実施例を示す図1において、1は切換弁2により前進後退作動される片ロッド形のシリンダである。シリンダ1のヘッド側の作動室1Aへの給排路3には、シリンダ1の前進時にメータアウトの速度制御をはかる絞り弁4が逆止め弁5と並列に設置されている。6、7は、シリンダ1のキャップ側の作動室1Bのための給排路であり、これら給排路6、7間には、安全作動弁9が介在している。そして、切換弁2に接続した給排路7には、シリンダ1の後退時にメータアウトの速度制御をはかる絞り弁10が逆止め弁11と並列に設置されている。
【0016】
安全作動弁9は、ばね12の押圧で得られる弁体13の図示ノーマル位置では、給排路6、7間を遮断するとともに、キャップ側の作動室8に接続した給排路7を、通路14を介して他方の給排路3の絞り弁4より切換弁2側に通じさせるようになっている。15は、安全作動弁9の弁体13の反ばね側に形成したパイロット室、16は、弁体13に当接するピストン17の反ばね側に形成したパイロット室である。
【0017】
そして、安全作動弁9は、パイロット室15あるいは16に導入される圧力による押圧力がばね12の押圧力よりも大きいと、弁体13は、ばね12の付勢に抗して図示状態から右方へ移動した、給排路6を給排路7に通じさせるとともに通路14と遮断する、作動位置を取るようになっている。18は、ばね12の弁体13と反対側を受け、回動による進退でばね13の押圧力を調整する調整ねじであり、19は、調整ねじ18のロックナットである。
【0018】
給排路3の絞り弁4の切換弁2側には、自由流れ方向を逆にした二つの逆止め弁20、21が並列設置されている。そして、作動室2方向へ自由流れとなる逆止め弁20は、そのクラッキング圧力が適宜の大きさになるよう調整自在となっている。22はパイロット通路で、絞り弁4の作動室2側と、逆止め弁20の切換弁2側との圧力の高い方を高圧選択用のシャットル弁23を介しパイロット室15へ導くものである。
【0019】
24は、給排路7の絞り弁10の切換弁2側に、切換弁2側へ自由流れとなる逆止め弁25と並列に設けた絞り弁である。そして、この絞り弁24は、安全作動弁9により給排路6と7が通じられシリンダ1が前進作動する際、絞り弁4によるメータアウトの速度制御に影響を与えない範囲で、その前位に適当な圧力が生じるよう、適宜な開度に設定されている。
【0020】
26はパイロット通路で、給排路7の、絞り弁24の切換弁2側から分岐して絞り27をへてパイロット室16に通じている。そして、絞り27の後からは、終端が大気開放の分岐路28が分岐しており、この分岐路28には、ノーマルオープン形、機械操作式の開閉弁である制御弁29、30が直列に設置されている。
【0021】
この制御弁29は、シリンダ1の後退側作動端部、すなわち、ピストン1Cが後退端位置からそこより若干前進側の位置までの間にあるとき、ピストンロッド1Dに設けたドグ31によって閉位置に切り換えられるものである。また、制御弁30は、シリンダ1の前進側作動端部、すなわち、ピストン1Cが前進端位置からそこより若干後退側の位置までの間にあるとき、ドグ31によって閉位置に切り換えられるようになっており、ピストン1Cが前進するときピストンロッド1D先端が押圧の対象物32に当接する少し前には制御弁30が閉作動されるものである。
【0022】
次にこの実施例の作動を説明する。図示状態は、切換弁2は中立位置にあり、ピストン1Cを後退端に保持してシリンダ1を停止させている。給排路3、7には顕著な圧力は存在せず、安全作動弁9の弁体13は、図示ノーマル位置にあり、また制御弁29は、ドグ31によって閉じられている。
【0023】
ここで、切換弁2を右位置2Aに切り換えると、給排路3は排気側に、また、給排路7は、空圧源Pにそれぞれ接続される。そして、パイロット通路27は、分岐路28の連通が制御弁29により阻止されるので、パイロット室16は、空圧源Pからの圧縮空気が導入されて圧力が上昇し、弁体13は、ばね12の付勢に抗してピストン17により右行されて作動位置に達し、給排路6を、給排路7に接続するとともに、連通路14と遮断する。これにより、シリンダ1は、作動室8に圧縮空気が導入されてピストン1Cが前進を始め、前進作動を開始する。
【0024】
ピストン1Cの前進により、作動室1Aから排出される空気は、絞り弁4により絞られて該絞り弁4前の圧力が上昇する。この圧力はシャットル弁23をへてパイロット通路22によりパイロット室15に導入される。そして、さらにピストン1Cが前進していくと、やがて、ドグ31が離脱して制御弁29は開状態に転じる。これにより、分岐路28が両制御弁29、30を介して大気開放状態となるので、絞り27の後でパイロット通路26の圧力、ひいてはパイロット室16の圧力がほぼ大気圧程度に低下して、安全作動弁9のピストン17による弁体13への押圧力は失われるが、パイロット室15に導かれる絞り弁4前の圧力により弁体13は引き続き作動位置に保たれ、絞り弁4による速度制御を受けつつピストン1Cは前進を継続する。
【0025】
ピストン1Cの前進で、ピストンロッド1Dの先端が対象物32の手前に達すると、制御弁30がドグ31によって閉じられ、これにより、パイロット通路26の絞り27後では再び圧力が立ち上がってこの圧力を受けるピストン17により弁体13が押圧される。次いで、ピストンロッド1D先端が対象物32に当接して対象物32への押圧を開始すると、シリンダ1の負荷が大きくなり絞り弁4前の圧力が低下してパイロット室15の圧力によっては制御弁9の弁体13を作動位置に保てなくなるが、パイロット室16の圧力を受けるピストン17によって弁体13は作動位置に保持され、シリンダ1による対象物32への押圧作動は支障なく行なわれる。
【0026】
対象物32への押圧が終わった後、切換弁2を左位置2Bに切り換えると給排路3は空圧源Pに接続され、給排路7は大気開放される。そして、給排路3の逆止め弁20前の圧力がシャットル弁23を介してパイロット室15に導かれ安全作動弁9の弁体13はこの圧力による押圧で作動位置に保持されて、シリンダ1は、絞り弁10によるメータアウトの速度制御を受けつつ後退作動し、図示状態に達する。なお、このとき、シリンダ1の後退時の負荷が特に小さくてわずかな圧力で後退できるような場合でも、逆止め弁20のクラッキング圧力を適宜調整して、パイロット室15に導く逆止め弁20前の圧力を、弁体13を作動位置に保つに十分な圧力とすることができ、切換弁2の左位置2Bへの切り換えに応じて素早くシリンダ1の後退作動を開始できる。そして以後、このような切換弁2の反復作動により、シリンダ1は前進後退を繰り返すことができる。
【0027】
ここで、シリンダ1の前進作動時において、ピストンロッド1Dが対象物32に達するまでの負荷が対象物32を押圧する場合に比べて特に小さい場合では、安全作動弁9の弁体がピストン17によって作動位置に移動されシリンダ1が前進を開始したとき、給排路7の圧力の過渡的な低下をまねくことがある。このような場合でも、絞り弁24の絞り作用で、給排路7のパイロット通路26が分岐する絞り弁24前位に適度な圧力を保つことができてピストン17により弁体13を作動位置に安定保持でき、シリンダ1の前進開始に伴う安全作動弁9の過渡的なチャタリングを防止できる。
【0028】
そして、シリンダ1の前進作動の際に、ドグ31が制御弁29を開作動させた後、制御弁30を閉作動させるまでの間で、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32の間に人あるいは人に限らず異物を挟み込んだとき、シリンダ1の負荷が大きくなり、これにより、排出側となる給排路3では絞り弁4前の圧力が低下する。すなわち、パイロット通路26により、パイロット室15導かれる圧力が低下する。これにより、安全作動弁9の弁体13は、ばね12によってノーマル位置に移動する。このため、キャップ側の作動室1Bへの圧縮空気の供給は停止されるとともに、該作動室1Bの圧縮空気は、給排路6、連通路14を介し排出側となっている給排路3より切換弁2をへて大気開放される。
【0029】
従って、シリンダ1は停止して推力はもはや生じなくなるので人身事故の発生が防止でき、あるいは、異物による各部の破損が防止でき、さらに、作動室1B内の圧縮空気は排出できるので、ピストンロッド1Dを押してピストン1Cとともにキャップ側へ移動させ、容易に挟み込み状態を解除できる。また、このシリンダ1が停止した状態で切換弁2を左位置2Bに切り換えれば、前記したと同様に、空圧源Pに接続される給排路3の逆止め弁20前の圧力がシャットル弁23を介してパイロット室15に導かれ安全作動弁9の弁体13はこの圧力による押圧で作動位置に移動、保持されて、シリンダ1は、絞り弁10によるメータアウトの速度制御を受けつつ後退作動する。
【0030】
そして、この安全制御弁9の弁体13の作動位置からノーマル位置への切り換わりが、絞り弁4の前の圧力がどの程度に低下したとき生じるかは、調整ねじ18の回動操作によるばね12のばね力の調整で適宜設定できる。なお、前記通路14は、図示のように給排路3に接続させるかわりに、直接大気開放させてもよい。また、パイロット通路26は給排路7から分岐させず、別途空圧源Pに通じるよう設けることもできる。
【0031】
図2は、本発明の第2実施例を示す。第1実施例と同等部分には同符号を付して異なった部分について以下説明すると、このものは、給排路7が、切換弁2とシリンダ1のキャップ側の作動室1Bを接続しており、安全作動弁9は、この給排路7の絞り弁10のシリンダ1側から分岐した通路33と大気開放の排出路34との間を、弁体13のノーマル位置で通じさせ、作動位置で遮断するようにしている。また、この弁体13のばね12側には、パイロット室15Aが形成され、このパイロット室15Aには、給排路3の絞り弁4と逆止め弁20の間にパイロット通路49で接続されている。
【0032】
このものの作動は、図示のピストン1Cが後退端にある状態よりシリンダ1を前進作動させるため切換弁2を右位置に切り換えると、給排路7に導入される圧縮空気は、絞り弁24の絞り作用でその前位に圧力が確保され、この圧力は、制御弁29が閉じていることにより、パイロット通路26よりパイロット室16に導入されてピストン17を介し安全作動弁9の弁体13をばね12に抗して作動位置へと移動させ排出路34を遮断する。これにより給排路7から作動室1Bへ圧縮空気が導入されてシリンダ1のピストン1Cが前進する。そして、作動室1Aから排出される空気が絞り弁4で絞られて圧力が生じ、この圧力がシャットル弁23をへてパイロット室15に導入されて弁体13を作動位置に保持し、パイロット室16の圧力はピストン1Cの前進が進んでドグ31が離脱することで制御弁29が開状態に転じて低下する。
【0033】
この後、制御弁30がドグ31で開かれるまでの間でピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物が挟まれる異常事態が生じない正常作動においては、シリンダ1は前進作動を続け、やがて制御弁30がドグ31の作用で閉じ、次いでピストンロッド1Dは対象物に当接してこれを押圧する。この押圧時には、シリンダ1の負荷が大きくなり、絞り弁4の前には、弁体13を作動位置に保つに足る圧力は生じないが、押圧開始前に制御弁30が閉じて絞り27後のパイロット通路27に圧力を立たせ、このパイロット室16に導くこの圧力で、先の実施例同様に、ピストン17を介し弁体13は作動位置に保たれるので、押圧作用に支障はない。
【0034】
また、制御弁30がドグ31で開かれるより前に前記異常事態が生じたときは、シリンダ1の負荷が大きくなって絞り弁4の前には弁体13を作動位置に保つに足る圧力が生じなく、弁体13は、ばね12によりノーマル位置に転じ、排出路34が開かれる。このため、給排路7へ供給される圧縮空気は大気中へ流出し、ピストン1Cに大きな推力が生じなくなるので、人身事故や各部の破損を招く事態が防止される。さらに、作動室1B内の圧縮空気は排出路34へと排出できるので、ピストンロッド1Dを押してピストン1Cとともにキャップ側へ移動させて、容易に挟み込み状態を解除できる。
【0035】
そして、対象物32への押圧終了後や、異常事態が生じたときに切換弁2が左位置に切り換えられると、給排路3に圧縮空気が導入され、逆止め弁20前の圧力がシャットル弁23をへてパイロット室15に導入されて安全作動弁9の弁体13を作動位置に保持し、シリンダ1は、絞り弁17によるメータアウトの速度制御のもとに後退作動する。なお、この場合、逆止め弁20のクラッキング圧力は、弁体13を作動位置に保つに必要な圧力が該弁20の前に生じるよう適宜調整されることは勿論である。そしてこの実施例では、シリンダ1の前進時の絞り弁4の後の圧力がパイロット室15Aに導かれて該絞り弁4前からパイロット室15に導かれる圧力と対向して弁体13に作用しているので、この絞り弁4の後の排気経路での背圧に相当する押圧力をばね12で与えなくてもよく、先の実施例の場合と比較すると、ばね12を小さくできる。
【0036】
図3は、本発明の第3実施例を示す。先の実施例と同等部分には同符号を付して異なった部分について以下説明すると、このものでは、安全作動弁9が、ノーマル位置では給排路6と給排路7を接続し、作動位置では、この給排路6を給排路7と遮断して大気開放する、パイロット操作式の切換弁となっている。そして、安全作動弁9のためのパイロット通路36が給排路7における絞り弁10の切換弁2側から分岐しており、パイロット通路36には、負荷検出弁35、シリンダ1の後退側端部でドグ31により作動される制御弁29及びシリンダ1の前進側端部でドグ31により作動される制御弁30が順次設置されている。
【0037】
負荷検出弁35は、給排路3の絞り弁4のシリンダ1側から分岐するパイロット通路37の圧力が設定圧以上となるとノーマル位置から作動位置へ転じる一種のシーケンス弁で、ノーマル位置では、入口側を出口側に接続し、作動位置では、出口側を入口側と遮断して大気開放する3ポート弁となっており、設定圧力は調整自在である。制御弁29、30は、共に機械操作式の3ポート形切換弁で、ノーマル位置では入口側を出口側に接続し、ドグ31で作動されて転じる作動位置では出口側を入口側と遮断して大気開放するようになっている。
【0038】
このものの作動は、ピストン1Cが後退端にある図示位置から切換弁2を右位置に切り換えると、制御弁29が作動位置にあることから安全作動弁9はノーマル位置に留まり、圧縮空気が作動室1Bに導入されてピストン1Cが前進する。これによって排出空気が通る絞り弁4前には負荷検出弁35の設定圧以上の圧力が生じ、該弁35が作動位置に転じるので、次いで、ドグ31の離脱で制御弁29がノーマル位置に転じても安全作動弁9はノーマル位置を保ち、シリンダ1は前進作動される。この制御弁29がノーマル位置に転じた後、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込まない正常作動の場合には、ピストンロッド1Dが対象物32に当接する前に制御弁30が作動位置へ転じるよう作動されるので、ピストンロッド1Dの対象物32への当接に伴うシリンダ1の負荷増大で絞り弁4前の圧力が低下し負荷検出弁35がノーマル位置へ転じても安全作動弁9はノーマル位置に保持されて、対象物32への押圧作用が行なわれる。
【0039】
また、制御弁29がノーマル位置へ転じた後、制御弁30が作動位置に転じられる前に、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込む異常事態が生じたときシリンダ1の負荷が大きくなって絞り弁4前の圧力が低下するので、負荷検出弁35がノーマル位置へ転じ、これによるパイロット通路36の導通で安全作動弁9が作動位置に転じ、給排路6は給排路7と遮断され、大気開放される。従って、シリンダ1は停止して推力はもはや生じなくなるので人身事故の発生が防止でき、あるいは、異物による各部の破損が防止でき、さらに、作動室1B内の圧縮空気は排出できるので、ピストンロッド1Dを押してピストン1Cとともにキャップ側へ移動させ、容易に挟み込み状態を解除できる。また、対象物32への押圧終了後や、異常事態が生じたときに切換弁2が左位置に切り換えられると、給排路7が排気されパイロット通路36に安全作動弁9を作動位置に転じさせる圧力は生じなく、安全作動弁9がノーマル位置に保たれるので、シリンダ1は、絞り弁10によるメータアウトの速度制御のもとに後退作動する。
【0040】
図4は、本発明の第4実施例を示す。先の実施例と同等部分には同符号を付して異なった部分について以下説明すると、このものでは、安全作動弁9は図3と同様であるが、パイロット通路36が給排路7から絞り39を設置して分岐するとともに、この絞り39の後で、大気中に通じる分岐路40、41、42がそれぞれパイロット通路36から分岐している。そして、分岐路40、41には制御弁29、30がそれぞれ設置され、また、分岐路42には、負荷検出弁35が設置されている。
【0041】
制御弁29は後退側作動端部で、また、制御弁30は前進側作動端部で、それぞれドグ31により開作動される常閉形の機械操作式2ポート切換弁であり、負荷検出弁35は、給排路3の絞り弁4のシリンダ1側から分岐するパイロット通路37の圧力が設定圧以上となる開作動する常閉形の一種のシーケンス弁で、設定圧は調整自在である。
【0042】
このものの作動は、ピストン1Cが後退端にある図示位置から切換弁2を右位置に切り換えると、制御弁29が作動位置にあることからパイロット通路36の絞り39後の圧力が低下するので安全作動弁9はノーマル位置に留まり、圧縮空気が作動室1Bに導入されてピストン1Cが前進する。これによって排出空気が通る絞り弁4前には負荷検出弁35の設定圧以上の圧力が生じ、該弁35が作動位置に転じるので、次いで、ドグ31の離脱で制御弁29がノーマル位置に転じてもパイロット通路36の絞り39後の圧力は引き続き低下して安全作動弁9はノーマル位置を保ち、シリンダ1は前進作動される。この制御弁29がノーマル位置に転じた後、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込まない正常作動の場合には、ピストンロッド1Dが対象物32に当接する前に制御弁30が作動位置へ転じるよう作動されるので、ピストンロッド1Dの対象物32への当接に伴うシリンダ1の負荷増大で絞り弁4前の圧力低下し負荷検出弁35がノーマル位置へ転じてもパイロット通路36の絞り39後の圧力は引き続き低下して安全作動弁9はノーマル位置に保持されて、対象物32への押圧作用が行なわれる。
【0043】
また、制御弁29がノーマル位置へ転じた後、制御弁30が作動位置に転じられる前に、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込む異常事態が生じたときシリンダ1の負荷が大きくなって絞り弁4前の圧力が低下するので、負荷検出弁35がノーマル位置へ転じ、これによるパイロット通路36の絞り39後の圧力の上昇で安全作動弁9が作動位置に転じ、給排路6は給排路7と遮断され、大気開放される。従って、シリンダ1は停止して推力はもはや生じなくなるので人身事故の発生が防止でき、あるいは、異物による各部の破損が防止でき、さらに、作動室1B内の圧縮空気は安全作動弁9より排出できるので、ピストンロッド1Dを押してピストン1Cとともにキャップ側へ移動させ、容易に挟み込み状態を解除できる。また、対象物32への押圧終了後や、異常事態が生じたときに切換弁2が左位置に切り換えられると、給排路7が排気されパイロット通路36に安全作動弁9を作動位置に転じさせる圧力は生じなく、安全作動弁9がノーマル位置に保たれるので、シリンダ1は、絞り弁10によるメータアウトの速度制御のもとに後退作動する。
【0044】
図5は、本発明の第5実施例を示す。先の実施例と同等部分には同符号を付して異なった部分について以下説明すると、このものでは、絞り弁4はメータアウトの速度制御のみを行い、異常事態発生に伴うシリンダ1の負荷増大変化検出用の絞り弁43が給排路7に設置されている。なお、44は給排路7排気時に絞り弁44の絞り作用を無効にする逆止め弁である。絞り弁43は絞り弁4の速度制御に影響を与えない範囲でシリンダ1への供給空気に絞り作用を与えるよう調整されている。安全作動弁9は、図4と同様であり、安全作動弁9のためのパイロット通路36が給排路7における絞り弁43の切換弁2側から分岐しており、パイロット通路36には、負荷検出弁35、シリンダ1の後退側端部でドグ31により作動される制御弁29及びシリンダ1の前進側端部でドグ31により作動される制御弁30が順次設置されている。
【0045】
制御弁29、30は図3の場合と同様であり、また、負荷検出弁35は、給排路7の絞り弁43のシリンダ1側から分岐するパイロット通路37の圧力が設定圧以上となるとノーマル位置から作動位置へ転じる一種のシーケンス弁で、作動位置では、入口側を出口側に接続し、ノーマル位置では、出口側を入口側と遮断して大気開放する3ポート弁となっていて、設定圧は調整自在である。
【0046】
このものの作動は、ピストン1Cが後退端にある図示位置から切換弁2を右位置に切り換えると、パイロット通路37の圧力が設定圧に達しなく負荷検出弁35がノーマル位置にあり、さらに制御弁29が作動位置にあることから安全作動弁9にパイロット空気は達しなく、安全作動弁9はノーマル位置に留まり、圧縮空気が作動室1Bに導入されてピストン1Cが前進する。ドグ31の離脱で制御弁29がノーマル位置に転じても給排路7の絞り弁43後の圧力は負荷検出弁35の設定圧以下に留まり該弁35がノーマル位置に保たれて安全作動弁9はノーマル位置を保ち、シリンダ1は前進作動される。
【0047】
この後、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込まない正常作動の場合には、ピストンロッド1Dが対象物32に当接する前に制御弁30が作動位置へ転じるよう作動されるので、ピストンロッド1Dの対象物32への当接に伴うシリンダ1の負荷増大で絞り弁43後の圧力が上昇し負荷検出弁35が作動位置へ転じるがパイロット通路36にパイロット空気は導入されず安全作動弁9はノーマル位置に保持されて、対象物32への押圧作用が行なわれる。
【0048】
また、制御弁30が作動位置に転じられる前に、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込む異常事態が生じたときシリンダ1の負荷が大きくなって絞り弁43後の圧力が上昇するので、負荷検出弁35が作動位置へ転じ、これによるパイロット通路36の導通で安全作動弁9が作動位置に転じ、給排路6は給排路7と遮断され、大気開放される。従って、シリンダ1は停止して推力はもはや生じなくなるので人身事故の発生が防止でき、あるいは、異物による各部の破損が防止でき、さらに、作動室1B内の圧縮空気は安全作動弁9より排出できるので、ピストンロッド1Dを押してピストン1Cとともにキャップ側へ移動させ、容易に挟み込み状態を解除できる。
【0049】
また、対象物32への押圧終了後や、異常事態が生じたときに切換弁2が左位置に切り換えられると、給排路7が排気されパイロット通路36に安全作動弁9を作動位置に転じさせる圧力は生じなく、安全作動弁9がノーマル位置に保たれるので、シリンダ1は、絞り弁10によるメータアウトの速度制御のもとに後退作動する。
【0050】
ここで、シリンダ1を図示状態から前進を開始させる際、ピストンやピストンロッド、あるいは、ピストンロッドに連結した適宜の可動部材で対象物32を押圧するときにはこの可動部材をふくめた可動部分の質量が特に大きいとき、これらが前進を始める前に作動室1Bへの供給圧が瞬間的に元圧程度にまで上昇する(前進作動がはじまれば低下する)ことがある。このような圧力上昇で負荷検出弁35が作動位置に転じてしまったとしても、制御弁29が作動位置にあるので安全作動弁9が作動位置に転じてしまうことはなく、シリンダ1の確実な前進作動が得られる。しかし、このような大きな圧力上昇が見られない仕様においては、制御弁29を省くことも可能である。
【0051】
図6は、本発明の第6実施例を示す。先の実施例と同等部分には同符号を付して異なった部分について以下説明すると、このものでは、図5の場合と安全作動弁9のパイロット系が異なっている。すなわちパイロット通路36が給排路7の絞り弁43の切換弁2側から絞り46を設置して分岐するとともに、この絞り46の後で、大気中に通じる分岐路46、47、48がそれぞれパイロット通路36から分岐している。そして、分岐路47、48には図4の場合と同様な制御弁29、30がそれぞれ設置され、また、分岐路46には、負荷検出弁35が設置されている。負荷検出弁35は、給排路7の絞り弁43のシリンダ1側から分岐するパイロット通路37の圧力が設定圧以上となる閉作動する常開形の一種のシーケンス弁で、設定圧は調整自在である。
【0052】
このものの作動は、ピストン1Cが後退端にある図示位置から切換弁2を右位置に切り換えると、パイロット通路37の圧力が設定圧に達しなく負荷検出弁35がノーマル位置にあり、しかも制御弁29が作動位置にあることからパイロット通路36の絞り46後の圧力は低下し、安全作動弁9はノーマル位置に留まり、圧縮空気が作動室1Bに導入されてピストン1Cが前進する。ドグ31の離脱で制御弁29がノーマル位置に転じても給排路7絞り弁43後の圧力は負荷検出弁35の設定圧以下に留まり該弁35がノーマル位置に保たれて安全作動弁9はノーマル位置を保ち、シリンダ1は前進作動される。
【0053】
この後、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込まない正常作動の場合には、ピストンロッド1Dが対象物32に当接する前に制御弁30が作動位置へ転じるよう作動されるので、ピストンロッド1Dの対象物32への当接に伴うシリンダ1の負荷増大で絞り弁43後の圧力が上昇し負荷検出弁35が作動位置へ転じるがパイロット通路36の絞り45後の圧力は低下したままで安全作動弁9はノーマル位置に保持されて、対象物32への押圧作用が行なわれる。
【0054】
また、制御弁30が作動位置に転じられる前に、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込む異常事態が生じたときシリンダ1の負荷が大きくなって絞り弁43後の圧力が上昇するので、負荷検出弁35が作動位置へ転じ、これによりパイロット通路36の絞り45後は大気との連通が断たれて圧力が上昇し、安全作動弁9が作動位置に転じ、給排路6は給排路7と遮断され、大気開放される。従って、シリンダ1は停止して推力はもはや生じなくなるので人身事故の発生が防止でき、あるいは、異物による各部の破損が防止でき、さらに、作動室1B内の圧縮空気は安全作動弁9より排出できるので、ピストンロッド1Dを押してピストン1Cとともにキャップ側へ移動させ、容易に挟み込み状態を解除できる。
【0055】
また、対象物32への押圧終了後や、異常事態が生じたときに切換弁2が左位置に切り換えられると、給排路7が排気されパイロット通路36に安全作動弁9を作動位置に転じさせる圧力は生じなく、安全作動弁9がノーマル位置に保たれるので、シリンダ1は、絞り弁10によるメータアウトの速度制御のもとに後退作動する。なお、図5の場合と同様、シリンダ1の可動部分の質量が特に大きくなく、シリンダ1の前進作動開始時に供給系で大きな圧力上昇が生じないときには、制御弁29を省くことができる。
【0056】
図7、図8は本発明の第7実施例を示す。先の実施例と同等部分には同符号を付して異なった部分について以下説明すると、このものでは、安全作動弁9が3ポート2位置形の電磁切換弁で、そのノーマル位置では給排路6を大気開放し、作動位置では給排路6と給排路7を接続する。52は、給排路3の絞り弁4のシリンダ1側の圧力を検出する圧力検出器となる圧力スイッチであり、50、51は、それぞれピストン1Cの後退側端部、前進側端部を検出する位置検出器である。
【0057】
そして位置検出器50、51、圧力スイッチ52の各メイク接点を並列にして、リレーコイル53と直列に配置されている。54は切換弁2の右位置切換に伴い閉じられる接点、55は切換弁2の左位置切換に伴い閉じられる接点で、これら接点54、55は並列に接続されて、リレーコイル53の接点53Aと安全作動弁9のソレノイド9Aと直列に配置されている。
【0058】
この作動を述べると、図示のシリンダ1の後退端位置では位置検出器50の接点は閉じており、リレーコイル53の励磁で接点53Aも閉じている。ここで切換弁2が右位置へ切り換えられると、ソレノイド9Aの励磁で安全作動弁9が作動位置へ切り換わり、シリンダ1は前進作動される。これに応じ、絞り弁4の前の圧力が上昇し、圧力スイッチ52の接点が閉じるので、次いでピストン1Cが前進側端部を脱して位置検出器50が開いてもリレーコイル53の励磁が維持されソレノイド9Aが励磁されて安全作動弁9は作動位置を保ち、シリンダ1の前進作動が維持される。
【0059】
この後、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込まない正常作動の場合には、ピストンロッド1Dが対象物32に当接する前に位置検出器51が閉じるので、ピストンロッド1Dの対象物32への当接に伴うシリンダ1の負荷増大で絞り弁4前の圧力が低下し圧力スイッチ52が開いてもリレーコイル53の励磁は維持され安全作動弁9は作動位置に保持されて、対象物32への押圧作用が行なわれる。
【0060】
また、位置検出器51が閉じる前に、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込む異常事態が生じたときシリンダ1の負荷が大きくなって絞り弁4前の圧力が低下するので、圧力スイッチ52が開き、リレーコイル52が非励磁となってソレノイド9Aが非励磁となり、安全作動弁9がノーマル位置に切り換わり給排路6は給排路7と遮断され、大気開放される。従って、シリンダ1は停止して推力はもはや生じなくなるので人身事故の発生が防止でき、あるいは、異物による各部の破損が防止でき、さらに、作動室1B内の圧縮空気は安全作動弁9より排出できるので、ピストンロッド1Dを押してピストン1Cとともにキャップ側へ移動させ、容易に挟み込み状態を解除できる。
【0061】
また、対象物32への押圧終了後や、異常事態が生じたときに切換弁2が左位置に切り換えられると、給排路3への供給空気圧で圧力スイッチ52が閉じ、レリレーコイル53が励磁されて安全作動弁9が作動位置に保たれるので、シリンダ1は、絞り弁10によるメータアウトの速度制御のもとに後退作動する。
【0062】
図9、図10は本発明の第8実施例を示す。先の実施例と同等部分には同符号を付して異なった部分について以下説明すると、このものでは、安全作動弁9が3ポート2位置形の電磁切換弁で、その作動位置では給排路6を大気開放し、ノーマル位置では給排路6と給排路7を接続する。圧力スイッチ52は、給排路7の負荷増大変化検出用の絞り弁43のシリンダ1側の圧力を検出するよう設置されており、位置検出器50、51は、ドグ31によりそれぞれシリンダ1の後退側端部、前進側端部で作動される。そして位置検出器50、51の各ブレイク接点と圧力スイッチ52のメイク接点がリレーコイル53と直列に配置されている。
【0063】
この作動を述べると、図示のシリンダ1の後退端位置では位置検出器50の接点は開いており、リレーコイル53が非励磁で接点53Aも開いている。ここで切換弁2が右位置へ切り換えられると、接点53Aは開いているので安全作動弁9はノーマル位置を保ち、シリンダ1は前進作動される。次いでピストン1Cが前進側端部を脱して位置検出器50が閉じても絞り弁43の圧力が設定圧に達しなくて圧力スイッチ52は開いており安全作動弁9はノーマル位置を保ち、シリンダ1の前進作動が維持される。
【0064】
この後、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込まない正常作動の場合には、ピストンロッド1Dが対象物32に当接する前に位置検出器51が開くので、ピストンロッド1Dの対象物32への当接に伴うシリンダ1の負荷増大で絞り弁43後の圧力が上昇し圧力スイッチ52が閉じてもリレーコイル53の非励磁は維持され安全作動弁9はノーマル位置に保持されて、対象物32への押圧作用が行なわれる。
【0065】
また、位置検出器51が開くる前に、ピストンロッド1Dと対象物32間に人や異物を挟み込む異常事態が生じたときシリンダ1の負荷が大きくなって絞り弁43後の圧力が上昇するので、圧力スイッチ52が閉じ、リレーコイル52が励磁されて接点53Aが閉じソレノイド9Aが励磁され、安全作動弁9が作動位置に切り換わり給排路6は給排路7と遮断され、大気開放される。従って、シリンダ1は停止して推力はもはや生じなくなるので人身事故の発生が防止でき、あるいは、異物による各部の破損が防止でき、さらに、作動室1B内の圧縮空気は安全作動弁9より排出できるので、ピストンロッド1Dを押してピストン1Cとともにキャップ側へ移動させ、容易に挟み込み状態を解除できる。
【0066】
また、対象物32への押圧終了後や、異常事態が生じたときに切換弁2が左位置に切り換えられると、給排路7は排気されて圧力スイッチ52は閉じないのでリレーコイル53が励磁されず、安全作動弁9がノーマル位置に保たれて、シリンダ1は、絞り弁10によるメータアウトの速度制御のもとに後退作動する。なお、図5や図6の場合と同様、シリンダ1の可動部分が大質量でなく、シリンダ1の前進作動開始の際に供給側で大きな圧力上昇が生じないときには、位置検出器50は不要である。
【0067】
なお、各実施例は、シリンダについて説明したが揺動モータに適用してもよい。また、空気圧駆動に限らず、油圧駆動の場合にも適用できる。また、第5、第6及び第8実施例は複動形の流体アクチュエータに限らず単動形の流体アクチュエータにも適用できる。
【00068】
【発明の効果】
このように本発明では、流体アクチュエータの給排路の絞りを利用して人や異物の挟み込みを検出するので、流体アクチュエータの特定部分の形状に依存することなく適用できる。
【0069】
また、安全作動弁は一方向への作動時の流体アクチュエータの圧力流体の供給を受ける作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動するので、単に圧力流体の供給を遮断する場合と比較すると、流体アクチュエータを他方向へ動かして人や異物の挟み込みを容易に解除できる。
【0070】
なお、請求項5に記載の如く、安全作動弁を、開作動するときに圧力流体の供給を遮断するようにしたときには、安全作動弁の開作動時に圧力流体の無駄な消費が防止できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施例を断面図を交えて示した空気圧回路図。
【図2】本発明の第2実施例を示す図1と同様な図。
【図3】本発明の第3実施例を示す空気圧回路図。
【図4】本発明の第4実施例を示す空気圧回路図。
【図5】本発明の第5実施例を示す空気圧回路図。
【図6】本発明の第6実施例を示す空気圧回路図。
【図7】本発明の第7実施例を示す空気圧回路図。
【図8】本発明の第7実施例における電気回路図。
【図9】本発明の第8実施例を示す空気圧回路図。
【図10】本発明の第8実施例における電気回路図。
【符号の説明】
1 流体アクチュエータ
2 切換弁
4 絞り
9 安全作動弁
29、30 制御弁
43 絞り
50、51 位置検出器
52 圧力検出器
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an operating device for a fluid actuator that reciprocates by the operation of a switching valve, such as a fluid cylinder or a swing motor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a fluid cylinder is used in various machines and devices to press the tip of an appropriate movable member or piston rod near an object at the forward movement end, in other words, at the forward operation end, and the predetermined processing on the object is completed. In many cases, the piston rod or the movable member is moved backward to return the movable member. In this case, if a person or a foreign object is caught between the movable member or the tip of the piston rod and the object, the frame of the machine or device, etc., it will lead to personal injury and damage to each part. As described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-4668.
[0003]
That is, in this, the piston and the piston rod of the fluid cylinder are provided with holes from the cap side along the piston rod, and the cap-side end wall is provided with a rod-like protrusion that fits into the hole. . Then, the pressure fluid supplied from the passage opening at the tip of the protrusion acts on the small pressure receiving area at the inner end of the hole to advance the piston with a small force, and when the forward movement end is reached, the protrusion is pulled out of the hole. A large amount of force is applied to the object by applying a pressure fluid to the entire cap side of the piston, so that the piston rod tip and the object are not moved until the forward movement end is reached. For example, even if a person is caught, the piston rod, that is, the piston can be easily pushed back to escape, so that a safe operation can be obtained.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this case, since a hole is provided in the piston rod, there is a problem that it cannot be applied unless the piston rod is somewhat thick. The present invention is intended to realize a fluid actuator operating device capable of preventing pinching without being influenced by the shape of a specific portion of the fluid actuator.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the fluid actuator that reciprocates by the operation of the switching valve is provided, and a throttle is provided in the discharge path when the fluid actuator is operated in one direction. A safety actuating valve that opens so that the pressure fluid can be discharged from the working chamber that receives the supply of the pressure fluid of the fluid actuator based on the decrease of the pressure before throttling during the operation in the direction. There is provided a control valve that is actuated to prevent the opening of the safety actuated valve at the one-side actuating end and the other-side actuating end.
[0006]
In the second aspect of the present invention, the fluid actuator that reciprocates by the operation of the switching valve is provided, and a throttle is provided in the supply path when the fluid actuator is operated in one direction. A safety actuated valve is provided that opens so that the pressure fluid can be discharged from the working chamber that receives the supply of pressure fluid from the fluid actuator based on the increase in pressure after the throttling during operation, and one direction side of the fluid actuator A control valve is provided which is actuated to prevent opening of the safety actuated valve at the actuating end.
[0007]
Further, the invention according to claim 3 has a fluid actuator that reciprocates by the operation of the switching valve, and in the discharge path when the fluid actuator is operated in one direction, the pressure drop before the throttle and the throttle is reduced. A pressure detector that detects and generates an electrical signal is provided, and is opened so that the pressure fluid can be discharged from the working chamber of the fluid actuator that is supplied with the pressure fluid when operated in one direction based on the electrical signal from the pressure detector. And a position detector for obtaining an electrical signal for preventing the opening of the safety operation valve at the one-side operation end and the other-side operation end of the fluid actuator. .
[0008]
Furthermore, the invention according to claim 4 has a fluid actuator that reciprocates by the operation of the switching valve, and the supply path when the fluid actuator is operated in one direction has a throttle and a pressure increase after the throttle. A pressure detector that detects and generates an electrical signal is provided, and is opened so that the pressure fluid can be discharged from the working chamber of the fluid actuator that is supplied with the pressure fluid when operated in one direction based on the electrical signal from the pressure detector. In addition to providing an electromagnetically operated safety operating valve, a position detector is provided for obtaining an electrical signal for preventing the opening of the safety operating valve at a one-way operating end of the fluid actuator.
[0009]
In the fifth aspect of the invention, when the above-described safety operating valve is opened so that the pressure fluid can be discharged from the operation chamber of the fluid actuator to which the pressure fluid is supplied, the pressure fluid is supplied to the operation chamber. It is supposed to prevent supply.
[0010]
[Action]
According to the fluid actuator operating device of the first aspect, while the fluid actuator is operating with the operating end on the other direction being removed to the operating end on the one direction side, When a foreign object is trapped, the load of the fluid actuator increases, and the pressure before throttling of the discharge path is lower than that in normal operation. As a result, the safety actuating valve is opened so as to allow the discharge of the pressure fluid from the working chamber on the supply side of the fluid actuator, so that a situation where a person or a foreign object is caught with a large force is prevented.
[0011]
According to the operation device for a fluid actuator according to claim 2, when a person or a foreign object is caught in the movable part of the fluid actuator while the fluid actuator is operating toward the operation end on one side, the fluid actuator Since the load on the actuator increases, the pressure after throttling of the supply path rises more than in normal operation. As a result, the safety actuating valve is opened so as to allow the discharge of the pressure fluid from the working chamber on the supply side of the fluid actuator, so that a situation where a person or a foreign object is caught with a large force is prevented.
[0012]
According to the fluid actuator actuating device of the third aspect, the moving part of the fluid actuator is moved to the moving end of the fluid actuator while the fluid actuator is actuated while the actuating end of the other direction is removed to the working end of the one direction. When a foreign object is trapped, the load of the fluid actuator increases, and the pressure before throttling of the discharge path is lower than that in normal operation. Based on the electrical signal of the pressure detector that detects this, the safety actuated valve opens so as to allow the discharge of the pressure fluid from the working chamber on the supply side of the fluid actuator. Is prevented.
[0013]
According to the operation device for a fluid actuator according to claim 4, when a person or a foreign object is caught in the movable part of the fluid actuator while the fluid actuator is operating to the operation end on one side, the fluid actuator Since the load on the actuator increases, the pressure after throttling of the supply path rises more than in normal operation. Based on the electrical signal of the pressure detector that detects this, the safety actuated valve opens so as to allow the discharge of the pressure fluid from the working chamber on the supply side of the fluid actuator. Is prevented.
[0014]
According to the fluid actuator actuating device of claim 5, when the safety actuating valve is opened to allow discharge of the pressure fluid from the working chamber on the supply side of the fluid actuator, the pressure fluid to the working chamber on the supply side The supply of
[0015]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1 showing the first embodiment of the present invention, reference numeral 1 denotes a single rod type cylinder which is moved forward and backward by a switching valve 2. In the supply / discharge passage 3 to the working chamber 1A on the head side of the cylinder 1, a throttle valve 4 for controlling the meter-out speed when the cylinder 1 moves forward is installed in parallel with the check valve 5. Reference numerals 6 and 7 denote supply / discharge passages for the working chamber 1B on the cap side of the cylinder 1, and a safety operation valve 9 is interposed between the supply / discharge passages 6 and 7. A throttle valve 10 for controlling the meter-out speed when the cylinder 1 is retracted is installed in parallel with the check valve 11 in the supply / discharge path 7 connected to the switching valve 2.
[0016]
In the illustrated normal position of the valve body 13 obtained by pressing of the spring 12, the safety operating valve 9 blocks the supply / exhaust passages 6 and 7 and passes the supply / exhaust passage 7 connected to the cap-side operation chamber 8 through the passage. 14 is connected to the switching valve 2 side from the throttle valve 4 of the other supply / discharge passage 3. Reference numeral 15 denotes a pilot chamber formed on the anti-spring side of the valve body 13 of the safety operating valve 9, and reference numeral 16 denotes a pilot chamber formed on the anti-spring side of the piston 17 that contacts the valve body 13.
[0017]
When the pressing force due to the pressure introduced into the pilot chamber 15 or 16 is larger than the pressing force of the spring 12, the valve element 13 moves from the illustrated state to the right side against the bias of the spring 12. The working position is taken so that the supply / discharge path 6 that has moved in the direction is connected to the supply / discharge path 7 and is disconnected from the passage 14. Reference numeral 18 denotes an adjustment screw that receives the opposite side of the valve body 13 of the spring 12 and adjusts the pressing force of the spring 13 by advancing and retreating by rotation, and 19 is a lock nut of the adjustment screw 18.
[0018]
On the switching valve 2 side of the throttle valve 4 in the supply / exhaust passage 3, two check valves 20, 21 with the free flow direction reversed are installed in parallel. The check valve 20 that is free to flow in the direction of the working chamber 2 is adjustable so that its cracking pressure becomes an appropriate magnitude. A pilot passage 22 guides the higher pressure on the working chamber 2 side of the throttle valve 4 and the switching valve 2 side of the check valve 20 to the pilot chamber 15 via a high pressure selecting shuttle valve 23.
[0019]
A throttle valve 24 is provided on the switching valve 2 side of the throttle valve 10 in the supply / exhaust passage 7 in parallel with the check valve 25 that allows free flow to the switching valve 2 side. The throttle valve 24 has a leading position within a range that does not affect the meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 4 when the cylinder 1 is moved forward through the supply and discharge passages 6 and 7 by the safety operation valve 9. An appropriate opening degree is set so that an appropriate pressure is generated.
[0020]
A pilot passage 26 is branched from the switching valve 2 side of the throttle valve 24 of the supply / exhaust passage 7 and leads to the pilot chamber 16 through the throttle 27. After the throttle 27, a branch path 28 having a terminal end opened to the atmosphere branches. Control valves 29 and 30 that are normally open and mechanically operated on / off valves are connected in series to the branch path 28. is set up.
[0021]
This control valve 29 is moved to the closed position by the dog 31 provided on the piston rod 1D when the backward operating end of the cylinder 1, that is, when the piston 1C is between the backward end position and the position slightly forward of the piston 1C. It can be switched. Further, the control valve 30 is switched to the closed position by the dog 31 when the forward operation end of the cylinder 1, that is, the piston 1C is between the forward end position and a position slightly backward from the forward end position. When the piston 1C moves forward, the control valve 30 is closed shortly before the tip of the piston rod 1D comes into contact with the object 32 to be pressed.
[0022]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. In the illustrated state, the switching valve 2 is in the neutral position, and the cylinder 1 is stopped by holding the piston 1C at the retracted end. There is no significant pressure in the supply / discharge passages 3, 7, the valve body 13 of the safety operation valve 9 is in the illustrated normal position, and the control valve 29 is closed by the dog 31.
[0023]
When the switching valve 2 is switched to the right position 2A, the supply / discharge path 3 is connected to the exhaust side, and the supply / discharge path 7 is connected to the air pressure source P. Since the pilot passage 27 is blocked from communicating with the branch passage 28 by the control valve 29, the pressure in the pilot chamber 16 is increased by the introduction of the compressed air from the air pressure source P, and the valve body 13 is The piston 17 is moved to the right against the urging force 12 to reach the operating position, and the supply / discharge path 6 is connected to the supply / discharge path 7 and is disconnected from the communication path 14. As a result, the compressed air is introduced into the working chamber 8 of the cylinder 1 and the piston 1C starts moving forward to start moving forward.
[0024]
As the piston 1C moves forward, the air discharged from the working chamber 1A is throttled by the throttle valve 4 and the pressure before the throttle valve 4 increases. This pressure is introduced into the pilot chamber 15 through the shuttle valve 23 through the pilot passage 22. Then, when the piston 1C further advances, the dog 31 is eventually released and the control valve 29 turns to the open state. As a result, the branch passage 28 is opened to the atmosphere via both control valves 29 and 30, so that the pressure in the pilot passage 26 and thus the pressure in the pilot chamber 16 is reduced to about atmospheric pressure after the restriction 27, Although the pressing force to the valve body 13 by the piston 17 of the safety operating valve 9 is lost, the valve body 13 is continuously maintained in the operating position by the pressure before the throttle valve 4 guided to the pilot chamber 15, and the speed control by the throttle valve 4 is performed. The piston 1C continues to advance while receiving.
[0025]
When the tip of the piston rod 1D reaches the front of the object 32 by the advance of the piston 1C, the control valve 30 is closed by the dog 31. As a result, the pressure rises again after the restriction 27 of the pilot passage 26, and this pressure is increased. The valve body 13 is pressed by the receiving piston 17. Next, when the tip of the piston rod 1D comes into contact with the object 32 and starts to press the object 32, the load on the cylinder 1 increases, the pressure before the throttle valve 4 decreases, and depending on the pressure in the pilot chamber 15, the control valve However, the valve body 13 is held in the operating position by the piston 17 receiving the pressure of the pilot chamber 16, and the pressing operation to the object 32 by the cylinder 1 is performed without any problem.
[0026]
After the pressure on the object 32 is finished, when the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position 2B, the supply / discharge path 3 is connected to the air pressure source P, and the supply / discharge path 7 is opened to the atmosphere. Then, the pressure before the check valve 20 in the supply / discharge passage 3 is guided to the pilot chamber 15 via the shuttle valve 23, and the valve body 13 of the safety operation valve 9 is held in the operating position by the pressure by the pressure. Moves backward while receiving meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 10 and reaches the state shown in the figure. At this time, even when the load when the cylinder 1 is retracted is particularly small and can be retracted with a slight pressure, the cracking pressure of the check valve 20 is appropriately adjusted to lead the pilot chamber 15 to the front of the check valve 20. Can be set to a pressure sufficient to keep the valve body 13 in the operating position, and the reverse operation of the cylinder 1 can be started quickly in response to the switching of the switching valve 2 to the left position 2B. Thereafter, the cylinder 1 can repeat forward and backward movements by such repeated operation of the switching valve 2.
[0027]
Here, when the load until the piston rod 1D reaches the object 32 during the forward operation of the cylinder 1 is particularly small compared to the case where the object 32 is pressed, the valve body of the safety operation valve 9 is moved by the piston 17. When the cylinder 1 is moved forward to the operating position, the pressure in the supply / discharge passage 7 may be transiently lowered. Even in such a case, an appropriate pressure can be maintained in front of the throttle valve 24 where the pilot passage 26 of the supply / exhaust passage 7 branches by the throttle action of the throttle valve 24, and the valve body 13 is moved to the operating position by the piston 17. The stable holding can be performed, and the transient chattering of the safe operation valve 9 accompanying the start of advance of the cylinder 1 can be prevented.
[0028]
When the cylinder 31 moves forward, the dog 31 opens the control valve 29 and then closes the control valve 30 until the person closes the piston rod 1D and the object 32. When a foreign object is not limited, the load on the cylinder 1 increases, and as a result, the pressure before the throttle valve 4 decreases in the supply / discharge path 3 on the discharge side. That is, the pressure guided to the pilot chamber 15 is reduced by the pilot passage 26. As a result, the valve body 13 of the safety operating valve 9 is moved to the normal position by the spring 12. For this reason, the supply of compressed air to the working chamber 1B on the cap side is stopped, and the compressed air in the working chamber 1B is supplied to the supply / discharge passage 3 which is on the discharge side via the supply / discharge passage 6 and the communication passage 14. Further, the air is released through the switching valve 2.
[0029]
Accordingly, the cylinder 1 is stopped and thrust is no longer generated, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of personal injury or damage to each part due to foreign matter, and further, the compressed air in the working chamber 1B can be discharged. It can be pushed and moved together with the piston 1C to the cap side to easily release the sandwiched state. Further, if the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position 2B while the cylinder 1 is stopped, the pressure before the check valve 20 in the supply / discharge passage 3 connected to the air pressure source P is shut down as described above. The valve body 13 of the safety operating valve 9 is guided to the pilot chamber 15 through the valve 23 and is moved and held in the operating position by this pressure, and the cylinder 1 is controlled by the meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 10. Operates backward.
[0030]
The degree to which the pressure in front of the throttle valve 4 is reduced when the switching from the operating position of the valve body 13 of the safety control valve 9 to the normal position is determined by the spring by the turning operation of the adjusting screw 18. It can be set as appropriate by adjusting the spring force of twelve. The passage 14 may be directly opened to the atmosphere instead of being connected to the supply / exhaust passage 3 as shown. Further, the pilot passage 26 may be provided separately from the supply / exhaust passage 7 so as to communicate with the air pressure source P.
[0031]
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different parts will be described below. In this example, the supply / exhaust passage 7 connects the switching valve 2 and the working chamber 1B on the cap side of the cylinder 1 to each other. The safety actuating valve 9 communicates between the passage 33 branched from the cylinder 1 side of the throttle valve 10 of the supply / exhaust passage 7 and the discharge passage 34 opened to the atmosphere at the normal position of the valve body 13 to thereby operate the operating position. I'm trying to shut it off. A pilot chamber 15A is formed on the spring 12 side of the valve body 13, and is connected to the pilot chamber 15A by a pilot passage 49 between the throttle valve 4 and the check valve 20 in the supply / discharge passage 3. Yes.
[0032]
In this operation, when the switching valve 2 is switched to the right position to move the cylinder 1 forward from the state in which the illustrated piston 1C is at the retracted end, the compressed air introduced into the supply / discharge passage 7 is As a result, the pressure is secured in the front position, and this pressure is introduced into the pilot chamber 16 from the pilot passage 26 by the control valve 29 being closed, and the valve body 13 of the safety actuating valve 9 is spring-loaded through the piston 17. 12 to move to the operating position to block the discharge path 34. As a result, compressed air is introduced from the supply / discharge passage 7 into the working chamber 1B, and the piston 1C of the cylinder 1 moves forward. The air discharged from the working chamber 1A is throttled by the throttle valve 4 to generate a pressure, and this pressure is introduced into the pilot chamber 15 through the shuttle valve 23 to hold the valve body 13 in the operating position. When the piston 1C advances and the dog 31 is disengaged, the control valve 29 changes to an open state and decreases.
[0033]
Thereafter, in a normal operation in which an abnormal situation in which a person or a foreign object is caught between the piston rod 1D and the object 32 does not occur until the control valve 30 is opened by the dog 31, the cylinder 1 continues to move forward, and eventually. The control valve 30 is closed by the action of the dog 31, and then the piston rod 1D abuts against the object and presses it. At the time of pressing, the load on the cylinder 1 becomes large, and no pressure is generated in front of the throttle valve 4 to keep the valve element 13 in the operating position. Since the pressure is applied to the pilot passage 27 and the pressure guided to the pilot chamber 16 is maintained at the operating position via the piston 17 as in the previous embodiment, there is no problem in the pressing action.
[0034]
Further, when the abnormal situation occurs before the control valve 30 is opened by the dog 31, the load on the cylinder 1 is increased and a pressure sufficient to keep the valve body 13 in the operating position in front of the throttle valve 4. The valve body 13 is turned to the normal position by the spring 12, and the discharge path 34 is opened. For this reason, the compressed air supplied to the supply / discharge passage 7 flows out into the atmosphere, and no large thrust is generated in the piston 1C, so that it is possible to prevent personal injury or damage to each part. Furthermore, since the compressed air in the working chamber 1B can be discharged to the discharge passage 34, the sandwiched state can be easily released by pushing the piston rod 1D and moving it to the cap side together with the piston 1C.
[0035]
When the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position after the end of pressing the object 32 or when an abnormal situation occurs, compressed air is introduced into the supply / exhaust passage 3 and the pressure before the check valve 20 is shut down. The valve 23 is introduced into the pilot chamber 15 to hold the valve body 13 of the safety operating valve 9 in the operating position, and the cylinder 1 moves backward under the meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 17. In this case, it is needless to say that the cracking pressure of the check valve 20 is appropriately adjusted so that a pressure necessary to keep the valve body 13 in the operating position is generated before the valve 20. In this embodiment, the pressure after the throttle valve 4 when the cylinder 1 moves forward is guided to the pilot chamber 15A and acts on the valve body 13 opposite to the pressure guided from the front of the throttle valve 4 to the pilot chamber 15. Therefore, it is not necessary to apply the pressing force corresponding to the back pressure in the exhaust path after the throttle valve 4 with the spring 12, and the spring 12 can be made smaller than in the previous embodiment.
[0036]
FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different parts will be described below. In this example, the safety operation valve 9 is connected to the supply / exhaust path 6 and the supply / exhaust path 7 in the normal position. In the position, it is a pilot-operated switching valve that shuts off the supply / exhaust passage 6 from the supply / exhaust passage 7 and opens to the atmosphere. A pilot passage 36 for the safety actuating valve 9 branches off from the switching valve 2 side of the throttle valve 10 in the supply / exhaust passage 7. The pilot passage 36 includes a load detection valve 35 and an end portion on the reverse side of the cylinder 1. The control valve 29 operated by the dog 31 and the control valve 30 operated by the dog 31 at the forward end of the cylinder 1 are sequentially installed.
[0037]
The load detection valve 35 is a kind of sequence valve that turns from the normal position to the operating position when the pressure of the pilot passage 37 that branches from the cylinder 1 side of the throttle valve 4 of the supply / exhaust passage 3 exceeds a set pressure. The side is connected to the outlet side, and at the operating position, the outlet side is cut off from the inlet side to open to the atmosphere, and the set pressure is adjustable. The control valves 29 and 30 are both mechanically operated three-port switching valves. In the normal position, the inlet side is connected to the outlet side, and in the operating position that is turned by the dog 31, the outlet side is shut off from the inlet side. It is designed to be open to the atmosphere.
[0038]
In this operation, when the switching valve 2 is switched to the right position from the illustrated position where the piston 1C is at the backward end, the control valve 29 is in the operating position, so that the safety operating valve 9 remains in the normal position, and the compressed air is in the operating chamber. The piston 1C is advanced by being introduced into 1B. As a result, a pressure higher than the set pressure of the load detection valve 35 is generated in front of the throttle valve 4 through which the exhaust air passes, and the valve 35 is turned to the operating position. Then, when the dog 31 is detached, the control valve 29 is turned to the normal position. However, the safety operation valve 9 maintains the normal position, and the cylinder 1 is operated forward. In the case of a normal operation in which no person or foreign object is sandwiched between the piston rod 1D and the object 32 after the control valve 29 is turned to the normal position, the control valve 30 is moved before the piston rod 1D contacts the object 32. Since it is actuated to turn to the operating position, it is safe even if the pressure in front of the throttle valve 4 decreases due to an increase in the load on the cylinder 1 due to the contact of the piston rod 1D with the object 32 and the load detection valve 35 turns to the normal position. The operating valve 9 is held at the normal position, and a pressing action on the object 32 is performed.
[0039]
In addition, after the control valve 29 is turned to the normal position and before the control valve 30 is turned to the operating position, the load on the cylinder 1 is increased when an abnormal situation in which a person or a foreign object is caught between the piston rod 1D and the object 32 occurs. Since the pressure in front of the throttle valve 4 is reduced and the load detection valve 35 is turned to the normal position, the conduction of the pilot passage 36 causes the safety actuated valve 9 to turn to the operating position, and the supply / discharge path 6 is the supply / discharge path. 7 and is opened to the atmosphere. Accordingly, the cylinder 1 is stopped and thrust is no longer generated, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of personal injury or damage to each part due to foreign matter, and further, the compressed air in the working chamber 1B can be discharged. It can be pushed and moved together with the piston 1C to the cap side to easily release the sandwiched state. When the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position after the end of pressing on the object 32 or when an abnormal situation occurs, the supply / exhaust passage 7 is exhausted, and the safety operation valve 9 is switched to the operating position in the pilot passage 36. No pressure is generated, and the safety actuated valve 9 is maintained at the normal position, so that the cylinder 1 is moved backward under the meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 10.
[0040]
FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the previous embodiment are given the same reference numerals and different parts will be described below. In this example, the safety operation valve 9 is the same as in FIG. 39 is installed and branched, and after this throttling 39, branch paths 40, 41, and 42 leading to the atmosphere branch from the pilot path 36, respectively. Control valves 29 and 30 are installed in the branch paths 40 and 41, respectively, and a load detection valve 35 is installed in the branch path 42.
[0041]
The control valve 29 is a reverse operation end, and the control valve 30 is a forward operation end, which is a normally closed mechanically operated two-port switching valve that is opened by a dog 31. The set pressure is adjustable by a normally-closed type sequence valve that is opened so that the pressure of the pilot passage 37 that branches from the cylinder 1 side of the throttle valve 4 of the supply / discharge passage 3 becomes equal to or higher than the set pressure.
[0042]
In this operation, when the switching valve 2 is switched from the illustrated position where the piston 1C is at the backward end to the right position, the pressure after the throttle 39 in the pilot passage 36 decreases because the control valve 29 is in the operating position, so that the operation is safe. The valve 9 remains in the normal position, and compressed air is introduced into the working chamber 1B, so that the piston 1C moves forward. As a result, a pressure higher than the set pressure of the load detection valve 35 is generated in front of the throttle valve 4 through which the exhaust air passes, and the valve 35 is turned to the operating position. Then, when the dog 31 is detached, the control valve 29 is turned to the normal position. However, the pressure after the throttle 39 in the pilot passage 36 continues to drop, the safety valve 9 maintains the normal position, and the cylinder 1 is moved forward. In the case of a normal operation in which no person or foreign object is sandwiched between the piston rod 1D and the object 32 after the control valve 29 is turned to the normal position, the control valve 30 is moved before the piston rod 1D contacts the object 32. Since it is actuated to turn to the operating position, even if the load on the cylinder 1 increases with the contact of the piston rod 1D with the object 32, the pressure in front of the throttle valve 4 decreases and the pilot passage even if the load detection valve 35 turns to the normal position. The pressure after 36 throttling 39 continues to drop and the safety actuated valve 9 is held in the normal position, and the object 32 is pressed.
[0043]
In addition, after the control valve 29 is turned to the normal position and before the control valve 30 is turned to the operating position, the load on the cylinder 1 is increased when an abnormal situation in which a person or a foreign object is caught between the piston rod 1D and the object 32 occurs. Since the pressure before the throttle valve 4 increases and the pressure before the throttle valve 4 decreases, the load detection valve 35 shifts to the normal position. As a result, the pressure after the throttle 39 in the pilot passage 36 increases, and the safety actuated valve 9 shifts to the operating position. The path 6 is disconnected from the supply / discharge path 7 and is opened to the atmosphere. Accordingly, the cylinder 1 is stopped and thrust is no longer generated, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of personal injury, or it is possible to prevent each part from being damaged by foreign matter, and further, the compressed air in the working chamber 1B can be discharged from the safety operation valve 9. The piston rod 1D can be pushed and moved to the cap side together with the piston 1C to easily release the sandwiched state. When the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position after the end of pressing on the object 32 or when an abnormal situation occurs, the supply / exhaust passage 7 is exhausted, and the safety operation valve 9 is switched to the operating position in the pilot passage 36. No pressure is generated, and the safety actuated valve 9 is maintained at the normal position, so that the cylinder 1 is moved backward under the meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 10.
[0044]
FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and different parts will be described below. In this case, the throttle valve 4 performs only meter-out speed control, and the load on the cylinder 1 increases due to the occurrence of an abnormal situation. A change detecting throttle valve 43 is installed in the supply / discharge path 7. Reference numeral 44 denotes a check valve that disables the throttle action of the throttle valve 44 when the supply / discharge passage 7 is exhausted. The throttle valve 43 is adjusted so as to give a throttle action to the air supplied to the cylinder 1 within a range that does not affect the speed control of the throttle valve 4. The safety actuating valve 9 is the same as in FIG. 4, and a pilot passage 36 for the safety actuating valve 9 is branched from the switching valve 2 side of the throttle valve 43 in the supply / exhaust passage 7. A detection valve 35, a control valve 29 operated by the dog 31 at the end of the cylinder 1 on the backward side, and a control valve 30 operated by the dog 31 at the end of the cylinder 1 on the forward side are sequentially installed.
[0045]
The control valves 29 and 30 are the same as in FIG. 3, and the load detection valve 35 is normal when the pressure in the pilot passage 37 that branches from the cylinder 1 side of the throttle valve 43 of the supply / exhaust passage 7 becomes equal to or higher than the set pressure. It is a kind of sequence valve that turns from the position to the operating position. In the operating position, the inlet side is connected to the outlet side, and in the normal position, the outlet side is shut off from the inlet side and opened to the atmosphere. The pressure is adjustable.
[0046]
In this operation, when the switching valve 2 is switched to the right position from the illustrated position where the piston 1C is at the backward end, the pressure of the pilot passage 37 does not reach the set pressure, the load detection valve 35 is in the normal position, and the control valve 29 Is in the operating position, the pilot air does not reach the safe operating valve 9, the safe operating valve 9 remains in the normal position, and the compressed air is introduced into the operating chamber 1B to advance the piston 1C. Even if the control valve 29 turns to the normal position due to the detachment of the dog 31, the pressure after the throttle valve 43 in the supply / exhaust passage 7 remains below the set pressure of the load detection valve 35, and the valve 35 is kept at the normal position and is a safety operating valve. 9 maintains the normal position, and the cylinder 1 is moved forward.
[0047]
Thereafter, in the case of normal operation in which no person or foreign object is sandwiched between the piston rod 1D and the object 32, the control valve 30 is operated to turn to the operation position before the piston rod 1D contacts the object 32. The pressure after the throttle valve 43 increases due to an increase in the load on the cylinder 1 due to the contact of the piston rod 1D with the object 32, and the load detection valve 35 turns to the operating position. However, pilot air is not introduced into the pilot passage 36 and is safe. The operating valve 9 is held at the normal position, and a pressing action on the object 32 is performed.
[0048]
Further, when an abnormal situation occurs in which a person or a foreign object is caught between the piston rod 1D and the object 32 before the control valve 30 is turned to the operating position, the load on the cylinder 1 increases and the pressure after the throttle valve 43 increases. Therefore, the load detection valve 35 is turned to the operating position, and the safety operation valve 9 is turned to the operating position by the conduction of the pilot passage 36, whereby the supply / discharge path 6 is cut off from the supply / discharge path 7 and released to the atmosphere. Accordingly, the cylinder 1 is stopped and thrust is no longer generated, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of personal injury, or it is possible to prevent each part from being damaged by foreign matter, and further, the compressed air in the working chamber 1B can be discharged from the safety operation valve 9. The piston rod 1D can be pushed and moved to the cap side together with the piston 1C to easily release the sandwiched state.
[0049]
When the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position after the end of pressing on the object 32 or when an abnormal situation occurs, the supply / exhaust passage 7 is exhausted, and the safety operation valve 9 is switched to the operating position in the pilot passage 36. No pressure is generated, and the safety actuated valve 9 is maintained at the normal position, so that the cylinder 1 is moved backward under the meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 10.
[0050]
Here, when the cylinder 1 starts to advance from the illustrated state, when the object 32 is pressed by the piston, the piston rod, or an appropriate movable member connected to the piston rod, the mass of the movable part including the movable member is When particularly large, the supply pressure to the working chamber 1B may instantaneously increase to the original pressure (decrease if the forward operation starts) before they start moving forward. Even if the load detection valve 35 is turned to the operating position due to such pressure increase, the safety valve 9 is not turned to the operating position because the control valve 29 is in the operating position, and the cylinder 1 can be reliably connected. Advance operation is obtained. However, in the specification in which such a large pressure rise is not observed, the control valve 29 can be omitted.
[0051]
FIG. 6 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different parts will be described below. In this example, the pilot system of the safety operation valve 9 is different from that in FIG. That is, the pilot passage 36 is branched by installing a throttle 46 from the switching valve 2 side of the throttle valve 43 of the supply / exhaust passage 7, and after this throttle 46, branch paths 46, 47, 48 leading to the atmosphere are respectively piloted. Branches from the passage 36. Further, control valves 29 and 30 similar to those in the case of FIG. 4 are respectively installed in the branch paths 47 and 48, and a load detection valve 35 is installed in the branch path 46. The load detection valve 35 is a normally open type sequence valve that is closed so that the pressure of the pilot passage 37 branched from the cylinder 1 side of the throttle valve 43 of the supply / exhaust passage 7 is equal to or higher than the set pressure, and the set pressure is adjustable. It is.
[0052]
In this operation, when the switching valve 2 is switched to the right position from the illustrated position where the piston 1C is at the backward end, the pressure in the pilot passage 37 does not reach the set pressure, the load detection valve 35 is in the normal position, and the control valve 29 Is in the operating position, the pressure after the throttle 46 in the pilot passage 36 decreases, the safety operating valve 9 remains in the normal position, and the compressed air is introduced into the operating chamber 1B to advance the piston 1C. Even if the control valve 29 turns to the normal position due to the detachment of the dog 31, the pressure after the supply / exhaust passage 7 throttle valve 43 remains below the set pressure of the load detection valve 35, and the valve 35 is kept at the normal position and the safety operation valve 9. Maintains the normal position and the cylinder 1 is moved forward.
[0053]
Thereafter, in the case of normal operation in which no person or foreign object is sandwiched between the piston rod 1D and the object 32, the control valve 30 is operated to turn to the operation position before the piston rod 1D contacts the object 32. The pressure after the throttle valve 43 increases due to an increase in the load on the cylinder 1 due to the contact of the piston rod 1D with the object 32 and the load detection valve 35 turns to the operating position, but the pressure after the throttle 45 in the pilot passage 36 decreases. In this state, the safety operation valve 9 is held at the normal position, and the pressing action on the object 32 is performed.
[0054]
Further, when an abnormal situation occurs in which a person or a foreign object is caught between the piston rod 1D and the object 32 before the control valve 30 is turned to the operating position, the load on the cylinder 1 increases and the pressure after the throttle valve 43 increases. As a result, the load detection valve 35 is turned to the operating position, whereby after the throttle 45 of the pilot passage 36 is disconnected from the atmosphere, the pressure rises, the safety operating valve 9 is turned to the operating position, and the supply / discharge path 6 Is cut off from the supply / exhaust passage 7 and released to the atmosphere. Accordingly, the cylinder 1 is stopped and thrust is no longer generated, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of personal injury, or it is possible to prevent each part from being damaged by foreign matter, and further, the compressed air in the working chamber 1B can be discharged from the safety operation valve 9. The piston rod 1D can be pushed and moved to the cap side together with the piston 1C to easily release the sandwiched state.
[0055]
When the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position after the end of pressing on the object 32 or when an abnormal situation occurs, the supply / exhaust passage 7 is exhausted, and the safety operation valve 9 is switched to the operating position in the pilot passage 36. No pressure is generated, and the safety actuated valve 9 is maintained at the normal position, so that the cylinder 1 is moved backward under the meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 10. As in the case of FIG. 5, the control valve 29 can be omitted when the mass of the movable part of the cylinder 1 is not particularly large and a large pressure rise does not occur in the supply system when the cylinder 1 starts moving forward.
[0056]
7 and 8 show a seventh embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different parts will be described below. In this example, the safety actuating valve 9 is a three-port two-position electromagnetic switching valve. 6 is opened to the atmosphere, and the supply / discharge path 6 and the supply / discharge path 7 are connected at the operating position. 52 is a pressure switch that serves as a pressure detector for detecting the pressure on the cylinder 1 side of the throttle valve 4 in the supply / exhaust passage 3, and 50 and 51 detect the backward end and the forward end of the piston 1 C, respectively. It is a position detector.
[0057]
The make contacts of the position detectors 50 and 51 and the pressure switch 52 are arranged in parallel and arranged in series with the relay coil 53. 54 is a contact that is closed when the switching valve 2 is switched to the right position, 55 is a contact that is closed when the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position, and these contacts 54 and 55 are connected in parallel with the contact 53A of the relay coil 53. The safety actuating valve 9 is arranged in series with the solenoid 9A.
[0058]
To describe this operation, the contact of the position detector 50 is closed at the retracted end position of the illustrated cylinder 1, and the contact 53A is also closed by the excitation of the relay coil 53. Here, when the switching valve 2 is switched to the right position, the safety operating valve 9 is switched to the operating position by the excitation of the solenoid 9A, and the cylinder 1 is moved forward. Accordingly, the pressure in front of the throttle valve 4 is increased and the contact of the pressure switch 52 is closed, so that the excitation of the relay coil 53 is maintained even if the piston 1C is removed from the forward end and the position detector 50 is opened. Then, the solenoid 9A is excited and the safety operation valve 9 maintains the operating position, and the forward operation of the cylinder 1 is maintained.
[0059]
Thereafter, in the case of normal operation in which no person or foreign object is sandwiched between the piston rod 1D and the object 32, the position detector 51 is closed before the piston rod 1D comes into contact with the object 32. Even if the pressure in front of the throttle valve 4 decreases due to the increase in the load of the cylinder 1 due to the contact with the object 32 and the pressure switch 52 is opened, the excitation of the relay coil 53 is maintained and the safety operating valve 9 is held in the operating position. A pressing action on the object 32 is performed.
[0060]
Further, before the position detector 51 is closed, when an abnormal situation in which a person or a foreign object is sandwiched between the piston rod 1D and the object 32 occurs, the load on the cylinder 1 increases and the pressure in front of the throttle valve 4 decreases. The pressure switch 52 is opened, the relay coil 52 is de-energized and the solenoid 9A is de-energized, the safety operation valve 9 is switched to the normal position, the supply / exhaust path 6 is cut off from the supply / exhaust path 7, and the atmosphere is released. Accordingly, the cylinder 1 is stopped and thrust is no longer generated, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of personal injury, or it is possible to prevent each part from being damaged by foreign matter, and further, the compressed air in the working chamber 1B can be discharged from the safety operation valve 9. The piston rod 1D can be pushed and moved to the cap side together with the piston 1C to easily release the sandwiched state.
[0061]
In addition, when the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position after the end of pressing on the object 32 or when an abnormal situation occurs, the pressure switch 52 is closed by the air pressure supplied to the supply / exhaust passage 3 and the relay relay coil 53 is excited. Thus, the safety operating valve 9 is maintained at the operating position, so that the cylinder 1 moves backward under the meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 10.
[0062]
9 and 10 show an eighth embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different parts will be described below. In this example, the safety operation valve 9 is a three-port two-position electromagnetic switching valve, and the supply / discharge path is in its operation position. 6 is opened to the atmosphere, and the supply / discharge path 6 and the supply / discharge path 7 are connected at the normal position. The pressure switch 52 is installed so as to detect the pressure on the cylinder 1 side of the throttle valve 43 for detecting a load increase change in the supply / exhaust passage 7, and the position detectors 50 and 51 are respectively moved backward by the dog 31. Actuated at side end, forward end. The break contacts of the position detectors 50 and 51 and the make contact of the pressure switch 52 are arranged in series with the relay coil 53.
[0063]
To describe this operation, the contact of the position detector 50 is open at the retracted end position of the illustrated cylinder 1, the relay coil 53 is de-energized and the contact 53A is also open. Here, when the switching valve 2 is switched to the right position, since the contact 53A is open, the safety operation valve 9 maintains the normal position, and the cylinder 1 is moved forward. Next, even if the piston 1C is removed from the forward end and the position detector 50 is closed, the pressure of the throttle valve 43 does not reach the set pressure, the pressure switch 52 is opened, and the safety operation valve 9 maintains the normal position. The forward operation of is maintained.
[0064]
Thereafter, in the case of normal operation in which no person or foreign object is sandwiched between the piston rod 1D and the object 32, the position detector 51 is opened before the piston rod 1D comes into contact with the object 32. Even if the pressure after the throttle valve 43 rises due to an increase in the load of the cylinder 1 due to the contact with the object 32 and the pressure switch 52 is closed, the relay coil 53 is kept non-excited and the safety valve 9 is held in the normal position. A pressing action on the object 32 is performed.
[0065]
Further, when an abnormal situation occurs in which a person or a foreign object is sandwiched between the piston rod 1D and the object 32 before the position detector 51 is opened, the load on the cylinder 1 increases and the pressure after the throttle valve 43 increases. The pressure switch 52 is closed, the relay coil 52 is excited, the contact 53A is closed, the solenoid 9A is excited, the safety operating valve 9 is switched to the operating position, the supply / discharge path 6 is cut off from the supply / discharge path 7, and the atmosphere is released. The Accordingly, the cylinder 1 is stopped and thrust is no longer generated, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of personal injury, or it is possible to prevent each part from being damaged by foreign matter, and further, the compressed air in the working chamber 1B can be discharged from the safety operation valve 9. The piston rod 1D can be pushed and moved to the cap side together with the piston 1C to easily release the sandwiched state.
[0066]
Further, when the switching valve 2 is switched to the left position after the end of pressing on the object 32 or when an abnormal situation occurs, the supply / exhaust passage 7 is exhausted and the pressure switch 52 is not closed, so that the relay coil 53 is excited. Instead, the safety operation valve 9 is maintained at the normal position, and the cylinder 1 is moved backward under the meter-out speed control by the throttle valve 10. As in the case of FIGS. 5 and 6, the position detector 50 is not required when the movable part of the cylinder 1 is not large in mass and a large pressure rise does not occur on the supply side when the cylinder 1 starts to advance. is there.
[0067]
Each embodiment has been described with respect to a cylinder, but may be applied to a swing motor. Further, the present invention can be applied not only to pneumatic driving but also to hydraulic driving. Further, the fifth, sixth and eighth embodiments can be applied not only to the double-acting fluid actuator but also to the single-acting fluid actuator.
[00068]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, since the trapping of a person or a foreign object is detected using the restriction of the supply / discharge path of the fluid actuator, the invention can be applied without depending on the shape of a specific portion of the fluid actuator.
[0069]
In addition, the safety actuating valve opens so that the pressure fluid can be discharged from the working chamber that receives the pressure fluid supply of the fluid actuator when operating in one direction. By moving the actuator in the other direction, it is possible to easily release a person or a foreign object.
[0070]
As described in claim 5, when the supply of the pressure fluid is shut off when the safety operation valve is opened, wasteful consumption of the pressure fluid can be prevented when the safety operation valve is opened.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a pneumatic circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention with a sectional view.
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a pneumatic circuit diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a pneumatic circuit diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a pneumatic circuit diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a pneumatic circuit diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a pneumatic circuit diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an electric circuit diagram according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a pneumatic circuit diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an electric circuit diagram according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Fluid actuator
2 Switching valve
4 Aperture
9 Safety valve
29, 30 Control valve
43 Aperture
50, 51 Position detector
52 Pressure detector

Claims (5)

切換弁の作動により往復動する流体アクチュエータを有し、この流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際の排出経路には絞りを設け、流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際にこの絞り前の圧力が低下することに基づいて流体アクチュエータの圧力流体の供給を受ける作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動する安全作動弁を設けるとともに、流体アクチュエータの一方向側作動端部と他方側作動端部で安全作動弁の開作動を阻止するため作動される制御弁を設けた流体アクチュエータ作動装置。A fluid actuator that reciprocates by the operation of the switching valve is provided, and a throttle is provided in the discharge path when the fluid actuator is operated in one direction, and the pressure before the throttle is applied when the fluid actuator is operated in one direction. A safety actuated valve that opens to allow the pressure fluid to be discharged from the working chamber that is supplied with the pressure fluid of the fluid actuator based on the decrease in the pressure, and the one-side actuating end and the other actuating end of the fluid actuator A fluid actuator actuating device provided with a control valve that is actuated to prevent the safe actuating valve from opening. 切換弁の作動により往復動する流体アクチュエータを有し、この流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際の供給経路には絞りを設け、流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際にこの絞り後の圧力が上昇することに基づいて流体アクチュエータの圧力流体の供給を受ける作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動する安全作動弁を設けるとともに、流体アクチュエータの一方向側作動端部で安全作動弁の開作動を阻止するため作動される制御弁を設けた流体アクチュエータの流体アクチュエータ作動装置。A fluid actuator that reciprocates by the operation of the switching valve is provided. A throttle is provided in the supply path when the fluid actuator is operated in one direction, and the pressure after the throttle is applied when the fluid actuator is operated in one direction. A safety actuated valve is provided that opens so that the pressure fluid can be discharged from the working chamber that receives the supply of the pressure fluid of the fluid actuator based on the rise of the fluid actuator. A fluid actuator actuation device for a fluid actuator provided with a control valve that is actuated to prevent actuation. 切換弁の作動により往復動する流体アクチュエータを有し、この流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際の排出経路には絞りと絞り前での圧力低下を検出して電気信号を生じる圧力検出器を設け、圧力検出器からの電気信号に基づき一方向への作動の際に圧力流体が供給される流体アクチュエータの作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動する電磁操作の安全作動弁を設けるとともに、流体アクチュエータの一方向側作動端部と他方側作動端部で安全作動弁の開作動を阻止するための電気信号を得る位置検出器をそれぞれ設けた流体アクチュエータ作動装置。There is a fluid actuator that reciprocates by the operation of the switching valve, and a pressure detector that generates an electrical signal by detecting the pressure drop before the throttling and the pressure drop before the throttling in the discharge path when operating in one direction of this fluid actuator An electromagnetically operated safety actuating valve that opens to allow the pressure fluid to be discharged from the working chamber of the fluid actuator that is supplied with the pressure fluid when operated in one direction based on an electrical signal from the pressure detector, A fluid actuator actuating device provided with a position detector for obtaining an electrical signal for preventing the opening of the safety actuating valve at the one-way working end and the other working end of the fluid actuator. 切換弁の作動により往復動する流体アクチュエータを有し、この流体アクチュエータの一方向への作動の際の供給経路には絞りと絞り後での圧力上昇を検出して電気信号を生じる圧力検出器を設け、圧力検出器からの電気信号に基づき一方向への作動の際に圧力流体が供給される流体アクチュエータの作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動する電磁操作の安全作動弁を設けるとともに、流体アクチュエータの一方向側作動端部で安全作動弁の開作動を阻止するための電気信号を得る位置検出器を設けた流体アクチュエータ作動装置。There is a fluid actuator that reciprocates by the operation of the switching valve, and a pressure detector that generates an electric signal by detecting the pressure increase after the throttling and the pressure increase after the throttling in the supply path when the fluid actuator operates in one direction An electromagnetically operated safety actuating valve that opens to allow the pressure fluid to be discharged from the working chamber of the fluid actuator that is supplied with the pressure fluid when operated in one direction based on an electrical signal from the pressure detector, A fluid actuator actuating device provided with a position detector for obtaining an electrical signal for preventing the opening of a safety actuating valve at a one-way working end of a fluid actuator. 安全作動弁が流体アクチュエータの圧力流体の供給を受ける作動室から圧力流体を排出できるよう開作動するとき、この作動室への圧力流体の供給を阻止するものである請求項1から請求項4のいずれかに記載の流体アクチュエータ作動装置。5. The supply of the pressure fluid to the working chamber is prevented when the safety actuating valve is opened so that the pressure fluid can be discharged from the working chamber receiving the pressure fluid of the fluid actuator. The fluid actuator operating device according to any one of the above.
JP03623295A 1995-01-31 1995-01-31 Fluid actuator actuator Expired - Fee Related JP3641287B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP03623295A JP3641287B2 (en) 1995-01-31 1995-01-31 Fluid actuator actuator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP03623295A JP3641287B2 (en) 1995-01-31 1995-01-31 Fluid actuator actuator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08210316A JPH08210316A (en) 1996-08-20
JP3641287B2 true JP3641287B2 (en) 2005-04-20

Family

ID=12464037

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP03623295A Expired - Fee Related JP3641287B2 (en) 1995-01-31 1995-01-31 Fluid actuator actuator

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JPH08210316A (en) 1996-08-20

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