JP3645064B2 - Garbage sorting device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garbage sorting apparatus for sorting crushed garbage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as seen in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-96243, a screen is provided at an intermediate height position of the dust transport passage constituting the vibrating conveyor, and the dust passing through the mesh formed on the screen is made nonflammable with a small diameter. There is disclosed a dust separation device that considers an object and guides it to a lower space part, and separates dust in an upper space part that does not pass through a screen into combustible and incombustible substances by wind sorting.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above conventional waste separation apparatus, the dust passing through the mesh formed on the screen is regarded as a non-combustible material in a lump, and therefore this waste includes small waste such as combustible material. There is a problem in that the sorting operation in the process is complicated. In particular, when sorting waste that has been crushed in advance, since the entire waste is crushed into small pieces, the amount of waste that passes through the mesh formed on the screen also increases, making sorting work in later steps more complicated. There was a problem of becoming.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste sorting apparatus, wherein one end is formed in a waste input portion and the other end is formed in a waste discharge portion, and the upper and lower two-stage transport passages transport waste from the input portion to the discharge portion by vibration. The upper conveyance path has a comb-like body composed of a plurality of rods arranged at predetermined intervals so that garbage of a predetermined size can fall , and a sawtooth shape on the upper surface of each rod. And a secondary sorting means having an inclined surface that is inclined upward toward the discharge portion side, and is arranged below the primary sorting means. The upper end of the sorting means is connected to the transport surface of the lower transport path, and the blower means for blowing gas toward the discharge portion is provided on the lower end side of the secondary sorting means.
[0005]
The dust sorting apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention is provided with a swinging arm that can be inserted between the rods and can reciprocate in the extending direction of the rod above the primary sorting means. forced to send the feed mechanism to the discharge unit side in which is provided.
[0006]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the secondary sorting means is configured such that the angle of the inclined surface is adjustable.
[0007]
In the garbage sorting apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention, the blowing means is configured such that the blowing direction and / or the air volume can be adjusted.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0009]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic overall configuration of a waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention.
[0010]
This waste sorting apparatus has two upper and lower transport passages, the upper transport passage is composed of a comb-like body (primary sorting means) 1, and the lower transport passage is from below the middle part of the comb-like body 1. The conveyance surface 2 is extended from the comb-like body 1 to the front end side, and an inclined plate (secondary sorting means) 3 is connected to the conveyance surface 2 upstream in the conveyance direction.
[0011]
In the conveyance path configured as described above, the left side in FIG. 1 is formed in the input part A for inputting garbage, and the right side is formed in the discharge part B for discharging garbage.
[0012]
The conveyance surface 2 vibrates by an excitation motion by the vibration device 21 provided in the apparatus main body, and the dust is conveyed to the discharge unit B side by the vibration.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 2, the comb-like body 1 is formed in a comb shape in which a plurality of rods 12 are extended from the main body portion 11, and these rods 12 extend substantially horizontally to the discharge portion B side. It is installed.
[0014]
The spacing H between the adjacent rods 12 is set to a size that allows passage of small incombustible materials such as bottle fragments carried into the comb-like body 1 by the conveyor 43 described later.
[0015]
The comb-like body 1 is connected to the apparatus main body provided with the vibration-exciting device 21, and vibrates together with the transport surface 2 by the excitation motion by the vibration-exciting device 21. The supported garbage is conveyed to the tip of the rod 12 on the discharge part B side.
[0016]
A plurality of protrusions 12 a are provided in a sawtooth shape on the upper surface of the rod 12 of the comb-like body 1. The protrusion 12a is not limited to the pointed tip as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and may be formed with a flat tip.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 1, the upper portion of the main body 11 is formed in the charging portion A, and a hopper 4 is provided in the charging portion A.
[0018]
An unloading end of the transfer conveyor 43 is disposed at the upper loading port 41 of the hopper 4, and the garbage unloaded from the transfer conveyor 43 is loaded onto the main body 11 of the comb-like body 1 from the discharge port 42 formed in the lower part.
[0019]
The conveyer 43 conveys garbage crushed by a crusher (not shown). Bottles and the like are also crushed by the crusher, and specific garbage such as pieces of crushed bottles are conveyed along with other garbage.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 3, the inclined plate 3 is disposed below the comb-like body 1. The inclined plate 3 has an upper end 3a that is rotatably supported and a lower end 3b that is supported by an angle adjusting member 32, whereby the inclined surface 31 that is the upper surface is inclined upward toward the discharge portion B side. It is arranged to become.
[0021]
The angle adjustment member 32 is slidably arranged on the apparatus main body, for example, so that the support position of the lower end 3b of the inclined plate 3 is variable in the vertical direction, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface 31 is variable. can do.
[0022]
And the upper end 3a of the said inclination board 3 is continuously provided in the state slightly overwrapped above the edge by the side of the injection | throwing-in part A of the conveyance surface 2. As shown in FIG. Further, the tip of the rod 12 is disposed so as to extend to the discharge part B side with respect to the upper end 3a of the inclined plate 3, and set so that dust falls directly onto the conveying surface 2 from the tip of the rod 12. Has been.
[0023]
Below the lower end 3 b of the inclined plate 3, a cullet receiving box 33 that accommodates a small incombustible material such as a piece of bottle discharged from the lower end 3 b of the inclined plate 3 is disposed.
[0024]
Further, an air blower (blower means) 35 is disposed in the vicinity of the upper end of the lower end 3 b of the inclined plate 3. The blower 35 is configured to inject air (gas) from the nozzle 36 toward the upper end 3 a side (discharge portion B side) of the inclined plate 3 and toward the inclined surface 31 of the inclined plate 3.
[0025]
The blower 35 is attached so that the spray angle of the nozzle 36 can be adjusted. Specifically, the blower 35 itself is variably attached so that the injection angle of the nozzle 36 can be adjusted, or only the nozzle 36 can be adjusted with respect to the blower 35. In addition, 37 is a ventilation blower and 38 is an air volume adjusting valve.
[0026]
A carry-out conveyor 25 is provided below the carry-out end of the transfer surface 2 serving as the discharge unit B. The carry-out conveyor 25 conveys the waste discharged from the carry-out end of the transfer surface 2 to a subsequent waste sorting work place.
[0027]
A feeding device (feeding mechanism) 5 is provided above the comb-like body 1.
[0028]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the feeding device 5 includes a plurality of swing arms 51 and a drive device 6 that drives the plurality of swing arms 51.
[0029]
The oscillating arm 51 is bent downward in the shape of a bowl, and can be reciprocated in the extending direction of the rod 12 of the comb-like body 1 by the driving device 6, and its tip is comb-like. It is configured to be insertable between the rods 12 of the body 1.
[0030]
The driving device 6 includes a support base 62 installed in a freely reciprocating manner along the guide rail 61 in parallel with the rod 12 of the comb-like body 1, and is pivotally supported on the front and rear of the support base 62. Two shaft members 63, 63 each having a base end 51 fixed thereto, a swing cylinder 64 (see FIG. 4) for swinging the swing arm 51 up and down via the two shaft members 63, The reciprocating driving means 65 is connected to the support base 62.
[0031]
The swing cylinder 64 has its telescopic rods connected to the two shaft members 63, 63 via a connecting arm 64a. The shaft members 63 are operated by extending and contracting these swing cylinders 64 in synchronization. A plurality of oscillating arms 51 provided on the swaying oscillate in the vertical direction in conjunction with each other.
[0032]
The reciprocating drive means 65 connects the tip of the rotating body 66 horizontally rotated by the motor 66 a and the support base 62 with a connecting rod 67, and converts the rotational motion of the rotating body 66 into reciprocating motion via the connecting rod 67. Things are used.
[0033]
The swinging arm 51 of the feeding device 5 configured as described above is continuously smoothed by the above-described swinging cylinder 64 and the reciprocating drive means 65 with the strokes (1) to (5) shown below as one cycle. Exercise.
[0034]
{Circle around (1)} A stroke that is rotationally arranged at the uppermost position in the forefront that is closest to the charging portion A (see the solid line in FIG. 1).
[0035]
(2) A step of swinging from the top to the bottom and inserting between the rods 12 of the comb-like body 1 (see the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1).
[0036]
(3) A process of moving to the end closest to the discharge part B side while holding the lowermost part (see the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3).
[0037]
(4) In the last direction, the process of swinging from the lowermost to the uppermost.
[0038]
(5) A process of holding the top and moving from the rearmost to the forefront.
[0039]
Next, the operation of the garbage sorting apparatus configured as described above will be described.
[0040]
Garbage previously crushed by the crusher is carried into the hopper 4 by the transport conveyor 43 and is put onto the comb-like body 1 from the discharge port 42 of the hopper 4.
[0041]
In the comb-like body 1, the crushed garbage is supported on each rod 12, and conveyed to the distal end side (the discharge part B side) while supporting the crushed garbage by the vibration of the vibrating device 21. At this time, since the protrusions 12a are provided on each rod 12 in a sawtooth shape, the crushed garbage is supported on the protrusions 12a, and the crushed garbage is effectively loosened by the vibration of the vibrating device 21. be able to.
[0042]
Here, among the crushed garbage that has been crushed by the crusher and put on the comb-like body 1 as described above, small incombustibles (hereinafter referred to as specific garbage) such as bottle fragments pass between the rods 12. And it falls on the inclination board 3 provided below.
[0043]
Moreover, the crushing waste larger than the space | interval H of the rod 12 is conveyed by the front-end | tip while being supported on this rod 12, and falls to the conveyance surface 2 below from this front-end | tip.
[0044]
In the inclined plate 3, the specific waste that has fallen (including crushed waste other than the specific waste) is to be conveyed to the upper end 3 a side of the inclined surface 31 by the vibration action of the vibration device 21. Depending on the angle, the specific waste having a large specific gravity and a small frictional force among the crushed waste that has fallen falls down to the lower end 3 b side as it is along the inclined surface 31 and is discharged to the cullet receiving box 33.
[0045]
In addition, crushed garbage other than these, for example, combustible garbage having a small specific gravity, climbs the inclined surface 31 by the vibration action of the inclined plate 3, falls from the upper end 3 a to the conveying surface 2, and falls from the tip of the comb-like body 1. At the same time, the vibration on the conveying surface 2 is conveyed to the discharge unit B by the vibration of the vibration device 21, and is discharged from the discharge unit B to the carry-out conveyor 25.
[0046]
However, as described above, the crushing garbage climbs the inclined surface 31 and is supplied to the conveying surface 2 when the properties of the crushing garbage and the arrangement of each garbage on the inclined plate 3 are in an ideal state. Actually, there are combustible wastes that contain moisture and have a high specific gravity, and wastes that fall on the inclined plate 3 with specific wastes on top.
[0047]
Such dust slides on the inclined plate 3 and tends to be discharged from the lower end 3b to the cullet receiving box 33, but at the lower end 3b of the inclined plate 3, air is directed toward the inclined surface 31 from the nozzle 36 of the blower 35. 3, the combustible waste other than the specified waste is blown off to the discharge portion B side to prevent discharge to the cullet receiving box 33.
[0048]
Therefore, only specific garbage is discharged to the cullet receiving box 33, and mixing of other garbage such as combustible garbage into the cullet receiving box 33 can be prevented.
[0049]
Thus, by performing the sorting using the specific gravity difference by the blower 35, the specific waste can be sorted with high accuracy, the subsequent sorting operation can be easily performed, and the sorting can be performed quickly. Therefore, it is possible to increase the sorting ability and efficiently.
[0050]
The above-mentioned specific waste, that is, small incombustibles, should be removed from the garbage in advance if the garbage is contaminated with specific waste such as bottle fragments. This is because the safety of the person and the accuracy of sorting by a wind power sorter are reduced, and the work becomes complicated.
[0051]
In addition, the inclination angle of the inclined plate 3 can be changed by adjusting the height position of the lower end 3 b of the inclined plate 3 by the angle adjusting member 32, and it is optimum according to the situation of the crushing garbage falling from the comb-like body 1. It can be set so that it can be easily selected.
[0052]
Further, by adjusting the air injection direction by the nozzle 36 of the blower 35 or by adjusting the air volume, further optimal selection can be performed in combination with the angle adjustment of the inclined plate 3.
[0053]
Furthermore, when the crushed garbage is conveyed on the comb-shaped body 1 described above, the crushed garbage is not sandwiched between the rods 12 of the comb-shaped body 1 and is not conveyed.
[0054]
In this case, the crushed garbage sandwiched between the rods 12 is forcibly transported by the feeding device 5 operating together with the sorting operation described above. Specifically, the rocking arm 51 is continuously and smoothly moving in the above-described steps (1) to (5) as one cycle, so that the crushing between the rods 12 at the tip of the rocking arm 51 is performed. The garbage is forcibly sent to the tip side, and the crushed garbage on the comb-like body 1 is smoothly conveyed.
[0055]
By forcibly sending the crushed garbage sandwiched between the rods 12 in this way, the operation can be performed efficiently without interrupting the operation of the apparatus.
[0057]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the garbage sorting apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention, the plurality of rods arranged at predetermined intervals in the upper conveyance path so that garbage of a predetermined size can fall. And a primary sorting means composed of a comb-like body formed on the upper surface of each rod and a protrusion provided in a sawtooth shape on the upper surface of each rod. A secondary sorting means having a surface is provided, and further, a blowing means for blowing gas toward the discharge portion is provided on the lower end side of the inclined face, and the specific gravity difference between the inclined face of the secondary sorting means and the blowing means is utilized. By sorting, small incombustibles can be sorted with high accuracy, and the subsequent sorting operation can be easily performed, and the sorting can be performed quickly. it can.
[0058]
According to the dust sorting apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a swinging arm that can be inserted between the rods and can be reciprocated in the extending direction of the rod above the primary sorting means . By providing the feed mechanism for forcibly sending the waste to the discharge unit side, the primary sorting means can smoothly transport the waste, and work can be performed efficiently.
[0059]
According to the dust sorting apparatus of the third aspect of the present invention, the angle of the inclined surface of the secondary sorting means is configured to be adjustable, and the angle of the inclined surface is adjusted according to the situation of the dust, so that the secondary sorting is performed. Small incombustible materials such as bottle fragments by means can be further efficiently selected.
[0060]
According to the waste sorting apparatus according to claim 4 of the present invention, further optimum sorting can be performed by adjusting the blowing direction and / or the air volume by the blowing device.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall schematic configuration of a dust sorting apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a configuration of a comb-like body.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing configurations of an inclined plate and a feeding device.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a configuration of a feeding device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Comb (primary sorting means)
2 Transport surface 3 Inclined plate (secondary sorting means)
3a Upper end 3b Lower end 31 Inclined surface 32 Angle adjustment member 35 Blower (blower means)
38 Air volume adjustment valve 5 Feeder (feed mechanism)
A Input part B Discharge part

Claims (4)

One end is formed in a waste input section, and the other end is formed in a waste discharge section, and has two upper and lower transport passages for transporting the waste from the input section to the discharge section by vibration. Consists of a primary sorting means consisting of a comb-like body composed of a plurality of rods arranged at predetermined intervals so that dust of a size can be dropped, and a projection provided in a sawtooth shape on the upper surface of each rod The secondary sorting means having an inclined surface inclined upward toward the discharge portion side is disposed below the primary sorting means, and the upper end of the secondary sorting means is the transport surface of the lower transport path. Further, a dust sorting device is provided, further comprising a blowing means for blowing gas toward the discharge portion on the lower end side of the secondary sorting means. Above the primary sorting unit, provided with insertable in and reciprocable swing arm extending direction of the rod between the rod feed mechanism for sending the dust on the forced the discharge side rod The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1 provided.   The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the secondary sorting means is configured such that the angle of the inclined surface is adjustable.   The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the blowing means is configured to be capable of adjusting a blowing direction and / or an air volume.

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