JP3646095B2 - Linear motor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a linear motor capable of cooling an armature.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this type of linear motor, a magnet row (referred to as a row of permanent magnets arranged in the moving direction of the mover; the same applies hereinafter) is arranged on the stator side, and an armature row is placed on the mover side. There is known a one-sided or two-sided linear motor in which (a row of armatures arranged in the moving direction of the moving element, hereinafter the same applies) is arranged. There is also known a cylindrical linear motor in which an armature row is arranged on the stator side and a magnet row is arranged on the mover side.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in any type of linear motor, the armature is overheated by the flowing current, and if a device for cooling the armature is provided, the structure becomes complicated and heavy and expensive. There was a problem.
[0004]
In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a linear motor that can cool an armature with a simple and inexpensive structure.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of claim 1 includes an elongated stator (2) and a cylindrical slider (3) loosely fitted to the stator (2) so as to be movable, and a magnet. In the linear motor (1) that moves the mover (3) along the stator (2) using the force generated between the armature (30) and the armature (30),
A plurality of the magnets (20) are arranged on the stator (2) side to form a magnet row (20,...) Along the moving direction (x) of the moving body (3).
A plurality of the armatures (30) are arranged on the side of the mover (3), face the magnet row (20,...), And have an armature row (30,...) Along the moving direction (x). )
In the vicinity of the armature (30), an air passage (S) through which wind flows with the movement of the moving element (3) is formed,
A back portion (311) is arranged along the moving direction (x),
The armature (30) extends from the back portion (311) so as to be close to the magnet (20), and the coil (32) wound around the iron core portion (310). And consists of
The back portion (311) is brought into contact with the outer peripheral side of the annular member (33),
Said coil (32), the in contact with the inner peripheral side of the annular member (33), said armature row (30, ...) is supported by said annular member (33),
A part of the annular member (33) is arranged in the air passage (S).
[0006]
The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that a protrusion (310a) is formed at the tip of the iron core (310), and
The coil (32) is configured to be held by the protrusion (310a) so as not to come off.

[0007]
In the invention of claim 3, the back portion (311) is fitted into an outer groove (330) formed on the outer peripheral side of the annular member (33),
The coil (32) is configured to be fitted into an inner groove (331) formed on the inner peripheral side of the annular member (33).
[0008]
【The invention's effect】
According to invention of Claim 1 and 3 , the said armature (30) is arrange | positioned at the side of the said moving element (3), and the air path (S) through which a wind flows with the movement of the said moving element (3) is provided. Since it is formed in the vicinity of the armature (30), the armature (30) can be cooled. The armature row (30,...) Is supported by the annular member (33), and the annular member (33) is partially disposed in the air passage (S). ,...) Can be dissipated to the air passage (S) through the annular member (33), and the cooling efficiency of the armature train (30,...) Can be increased. Moreover, only the wind that flows along with the movement of the moving element (3) is used for cooling, and no special device for cooling the armature is required. Can be obtained.
[0009]
According to the invention of claim 2 , since the attachment of the coil (32) to the iron core (310) is performed using the protrusion (310a), it is different from the case of using an adhesive. Eliminating the need for drying and the like, simplifying the installation work and reducing assembly errors.
[0010]
Note that the numbers in parentheses are for the sake of convenience indicating corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore the present description is not limited to the descriptions on the drawings.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0012]
First, the overall structure of the linear motor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the entire structure of the linear motor according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view showing the structure of the linear motor according to the present invention.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, a linear motor 1 according to the present invention includes an elongated (substantially rod-shaped) stator 2 and a cylindrical mover 3 loosely fitted to the stator 2 so as to be movable. It is equipped with. A plurality of permanent magnets 20 are arranged on the stator 2 along the axial direction x, and an armature 30 is arranged on the other moving element 3 so as to face the permanent magnets 20 with a minute distance therebetween. The moving element 3 is configured to move along the stator 2 based on switching of the voltage applied to the armature 30.
[0014]
Here, the detailed structure of the stator 2 is demonstrated along FIGS. 3 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the stator, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the base, and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the mounting state and the like of the fixing bar. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the arrangement positions of the permanent magnets.
[0015]
The stator 2 includes a base 21 having an elongated cylindrical shape as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. This base 21 is
A portion whose outer peripheral surface is composed of six flat portions 210a, 210b,... And has a substantially hexagonal column appearance (this portion is along the axial direction x as indicated by reference signs A11, A12, A13,. However, when it is not necessary to distinguish between them, only the symbol “A1” will be given for explanation, and the magnet 20 is attached to this part as described below. For this purpose, it will be referred to as the “magnet mounting part” below),
A portion A2 having a substantially cylindrical appearance (hereinafter referred to as “annular portion A2”);
Are arranged alternately.
[0016]
Each of the flat portions 210a, 210b,... Is identified by the reference 20a, 20b,... When the permanent magnets 20 (permanent magnets attached to the flat portions 210a, 210b,. If there is no need for distinction, the reference numeral 20 is simply assigned). as a result,
The permanent magnets 20 are arranged at a constant pitch in the axial direction x of the stator 2 (that is, the moving direction of the mover 3) to form a magnet row (for example, a magnet row of reference numerals 20a, 20a, 20a,...). (See Figure 3),
6 magnet rows are arranged radially around the central axis CL (and symmetrically with respect to the central axis CL) (see FIGS. 2 and 3);
It will be. In the present specification, “symmetrically with respect to the central axis CL” means that the magnet rows and the armature rows in a cross section as shown in FIG. The state where it is arranged.
[0017]
The side of the magnet 20 attached to the flat portions 210a, 210b,... Is a flat surface having the same size as the flat portions 210a, 210b,. The other side (refer to reference numeral 201, hereinafter referred to as “outer peripheral surface”) is configured to exhibit a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder. Each magnet 20 is magnetized so that the mounting surface 200 and the outer peripheral surface 201 have different magnetic poles. The six permanent magnets 20a, 20b,... Arranged in one magnet mounting part A1 have all the same magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface 201, and the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface 201 in the axial direction x are S-. It is set so as to be alternately switched as N-S-N-S-N. That is, in the stator 2 shown in FIG.
-All the magnetic poles of the outer peripheral surface 201 are S poles in the magnet mounting portion indicated by reference numeral A11.
-All the magnetic poles of the outer peripheral surface 201 are N poles in the magnet mounting portion indicated by reference numeral A12,
-All the magnetic poles of the outer peripheral surface 201 are S poles in the magnet mounting part indicated by reference numeral A13,
-All the magnetic poles of the outer peripheral surface 201 are N poles in the magnet mounting portion indicated by reference numeral A14;
··········· By arranging the permanent magnets 20 in this way, magnets adjacent to each other in the axial direction x are attracted to each other, so that the magnets 20 can be easily attached to the base 21 and the assembly work of the stator 2 is facilitated. There is an effect.
[0018]
By the way, three plane portions 210a, 210b, 210c (and magnets 20a, 20b, 20c respectively mounted on the plane portions 210a, 210b, 210c) adjacent in the circumferential direction in one magnet mounting portion A1 are shown in FIG. As shown in detail, the magnets 20d are arranged so as to be shifted by a constant pitch p1 in the axial direction x, and are attached to the remaining three plane portions 210d, 210e, 210f (and the plane portions 210d, 210e, 210f, respectively). , 20e, 20f) are also arranged so as to be shifted by a constant pitch p1 in the axial direction x. Further, two plane parts (a plane part 210a and a plane part 210d, a plane part 210b and a plane part 210e, a plane part 210c and a plane part 210f) arranged at an angle of 180 degrees around the central axis CL of the stator 2 are as follows. It arrange | positions so that it may not shift | deviate to the axial direction x (the position of the axial direction x corresponds).
[0019]
Meanwhile, as shown in FIGS. 3, 5, and 6, the spacer 22 is disposed in the annular portion A <b> 2 to fill the gap between the magnets 20 arranged in the axial direction x (see FIG. 3, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6). Such spacers are provided between the magnet 20a and the magnet 20a, between the magnet 20b and the magnet 20b, between the magnet 20c and the magnet 20c, between the magnet 20d and the magnet 20d, between the magnet 20e and the magnet 20e, Although it is arranged between 20f and the magnet 20f, when it is necessary to distinguish between them, reference numerals 22a, 22b,... Are attached. Will be attached).
[0020]
That is, in the axial direction x of the stator 2, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the permanent magnets 20 and the spacers 22 are alternately arranged, but the end surfaces of the permanent magnets 20 and the spacers 22 are arranged. The (circumferential end face) constitutes an elongated substantially flat portion along the axial direction x, and the opposite end faces (for example, the circumferential end faces of the permanent magnet 20a and the spacer 22a, and the permanent magnet 20b and the spacer 22b) A groove (see reference numeral 23 in FIG. 5) is formed between the circumferential end faces. The groove portion 23 has a cross-sectional shape that is narrow on the inner peripheral side and wide on the outer peripheral side, and is formed radially on the outer peripheral surface of the base portion 21. A fixing bar 24 having a wedge-shaped cross section that is narrow on the inner peripheral side and wide on the outer peripheral side is attached to the groove portion 23 with a screw. Since the groove 23 and the fixing bar 24 have the cross-sectional shape as described above, the fixing bar 24 attached to the groove 23 holds the both end surfaces (both end surfaces in the circumferential direction) of the permanent magnet 20 and the spacer 22 against the base 21. It plays a role to fix them.
[0021]
In addition, the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 22 or the fixing bar 24 is curved with the same curvature as the outer peripheral surface 201 of the permanent magnet 20, and constitutes one cylindrical outer peripheral surface (see FIG. 3).
[0022]
Next, the structure of the mover 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the mover 3, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the structure of the mover 3, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the detailed shape of the armature. FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the assembled state of the armature.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 2, the mover 3 has six iron core members 31, and these six iron core members 31 have six magnet rows 20a,..., 20b,. ,..., 20e,..., 20f,. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, each core member 31 is implanted in a portion (hereinafter referred to as “back portion”) 311 disposed along the axial direction x, and from the back portion 311 toward the central axis CL. A plurality of iron core portions 310 are formed in a comb-teeth shape. As shown in FIG. 8 and the like, the coil 32 is wound around each iron core portion 310, and the armature 30 is configured by the iron core portion 310 and the coil 32. In other words, in this embodiment,
A plurality of armatures 30 are arranged in the axial direction x (that is, the moving direction of the moving element 3) so as to face the magnet array (for example, the magnet array of reference numerals 20a,.
6 armature rows are arranged radially around the central axis CL (and symmetrically with respect to the central axis CL).
It will be. 7 and 8, only one of the six core members 31 is shown. 7 shows only one coil 32, and FIG. 8 shows only two armatures 30. By the way, according to the present embodiment, since a plurality of armature rows and magnet rows (six in the figure) are arranged radially in the cylindrical linear motor, the attractive force and repulsive force generated between them are large. Thus, the propulsive force of the linear motor can be increased.
[0024]
By the way, as shown in detail in FIGS. 9 and 10, the coil 32 has a box shape having a hollow portion 32 a, and the armature 30 is configured by being fitted into the iron core portion 310. ing. In addition, the protrusion part 310a is formed in the front-end | tip part of the iron core part 310, and it is comprised so that the coil 32 cannot remove easily. In the present embodiment, the coil 32 is attached to the iron core portion 310 using the protrusions 310a as described above. Therefore, unlike the case where an adhesive is used, troubles such as drying are required. This eliminates the need for simplification of the mounting operation and reduces assembly errors.
[0025]
Further, the moving element 3 according to the present invention includes a plurality of annular members (armature support members) 33 having a shape shown in detail in FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. Six groove portions (hereinafter referred to as “outer groove portions”) 330 are formed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral side of the annular member 33, and each outer groove portion 330 has an iron core member as shown in FIGS. The back portion 311 of 31 is fitted from the outside (from the outside of the annular member 33). And the outer surface of the back part 311 and the outer surface 33a of the annular member 33 exhibit a cylindrical surface with substantially the same curvature as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, an annular member 33 is always disposed between the iron core portion 310 and the iron core portion 310. However, in FIG. 7 and FIG. Show only. According to the present embodiment, the iron core portion 310 extends toward the stator side permanent magnet 20 and is attracted to the permanent magnet 20 with a large force, but the iron core member 31 is supported by the annular member 33 as described above. In other words, the above-described armature row is supported by the annular member 33 serving as an armature support member, so that the gap between the iron core portion 310 and the permanent magnet 20 can be properly maintained. Further, since the iron core member 31 is attached to the annular member 33 using the outer groove 330 as described above, the positional deviation in the circumferential direction (the circumferential direction of the annular member 33) is minimized, and FIG. Can be accurately arranged radially as shown in FIG. Furthermore, since no adhesive is used to attach the iron core member 31 to the annular member 33, the labor of drying and the like is not required, the attachment work can be simplified, and assembly errors can be reduced.
[0026]
Furthermore, the mover 3 according to the present invention includes a case 34 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the above-described iron core member 31, annular member 33, and the like are accommodated in the case 34. Since the outer shapes of the members 31 and 33 are the same in any cross section, the assembly is completed by inserting the case 31 into the case 34 after assembling the iron core member 31 and the annular member 33 and the like. Has the effect of being simple.
[0027]
Further, on the inner peripheral side of the annular member 33, as shown in FIG. 7, groove portions (hereinafter referred to as “inner groove portions”) 331 are formed at positions corresponding to the outer groove portions 330, and the inner groove portions. As shown in detail in FIGS. 9 and 10, the coil 32 is fitted into the 331, whereby the coil 32 can be positioned. In addition, since no adhesive is used between the coil 32 and the annular member 33, it is possible to simplify the installation work without the need for drying and the like, and to reduce assembly errors. Furthermore, since the coil 32 is brought into contact with the annular member 33 and is fitted to the iron core part 310 by the protrusion 310a, the annular member 33 can be prevented from coming off from the iron core member 31. Therefore, there is an effect that the assembling work of the mover 3 becomes easy.
[0028]
By the way, in the present embodiment, two rows of armature rows arranged side by side (that is, two rows of armature rows arranged along the central axis CL and not displaced in the axial direction x). 2 and the annular member 33, an air passage as indicated by a symbol S in FIG. 2 is formed along the axial direction x. The two armature rows are arranged so that the gap on the side close to the magnet row is narrow and the gap becomes wider as the distance from the magnet row is increased (the air passage S is close to the magnet row). The side to be narrow is narrow and widens as the distance from the magnet row increases). As shown in FIG. 1, openings DL and DR are formed at both ends of the air passage S, respectively, and wind is moved into the air passage as the mover 3 moves in the + x direction and the −x direction. So that the armature 30 is cooled.
[0029]
According to this embodiment, a special device for cooling the armature is unnecessary, and a lighter and less expensive linear motor can be obtained accordingly. Further, since the air passage S is formed so that the side close to the magnet row is narrowed, the magnet row facing one armature row (for example, a magnet row indicated by reference numerals 20a, 20a,... In FIG. 3) and The other armature rows can be arranged close to each other (for example, the magnet rows indicated by reference numerals 20b, 20b,... In FIG. 3), and the magnet arrangement space can be reduced accordingly. Thus, the linear motor can be reduced in size. Further, since the air passage S has a cross-sectional shape that becomes wider as the distance from the magnet array increases, the cross-sectional area can be increased (although the side close to the magnet array is narrow), and the air flowing through the passage S As a result, the armature 30 can be sufficiently cooled.
[0030]
In the present embodiment, six magnets 20 are arranged with respect to the cross section of the stator 2, but it may be an even number, and may be eight or ten. Regardless of the number of such magnets, two magnets 180 degrees apart (in the case of the present embodiment, permanent magnet 20a and permanent magnet 20d, permanent magnet 20b and permanent magnet 20e, permanent magnet 20c and permanent magnet 20f). The positions in the axial direction x of the magnets (in the present embodiment, the permanent magnet 20a and the permanent magnet 20b, and the permanent magnet 20b and the permanent magnet 20c in the present embodiment) are aligned with each other in the axial direction x. It is good to shift by a certain pitch p1.
[0031]
According to the present embodiment, since each magnet row is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets 20, it is easy to align the direction of the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 20 in a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface, and the direction of the magnetic flux It is possible to form a uniform magnet array without any disturbance.
[0032]
By the way, in the above-described embodiment, the base portion 21 is integrally formed with one member, but may be divided and formed in the axial direction or the circumferential direction. Alternatively, only the permanent magnets may be arranged in a cylindrical shape without using the base 21.
[0033]
In the embodiment described above, the stator 2, the base 21, and the magnet 20 are cylindrical. However, the present invention is not limited to this and may be a polygonal shape. Furthermore, although the stator 2 (specifically, the base portion 21) has a hollow cylindrical shape, it may be formed in a solid rod shape.
[0034]
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the magnet array and the armature array are symmetrical with respect to the center axis CL of the stator 2 (that is, as shown in FIG. However, it may not be arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis CL, considering only that the armature 30 is only cooled.
[0035]
In the embodiment described above, the air passage S is formed with two openings DL and DR, and the inclination angles of the openings DL and DR with respect to the center line CL (see reference sign θ in FIG. 1) The angle is 90 °, and the wind is allowed to flow when the movable element 3 moves in either the + x direction or the −x direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example,
・ The number of openings may be three or more,
The inclination angle θ of at least one opening is
0 ° <θ ≦ 90 °
If so, the inclination angle θ of the remaining opening may be 0 ° (that is, the opening is disposed along the central axis CL). In this case, air enters from the former opening and air is discharged from the latter opening.
[0036]
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the moving element 3 is cylindrical and loosely fitted to the stator 3. However, when only cooling of the armature is considered, such a structure (that is, the moving element is It is not limited to a cylindrical point or a point where the moving element is loosely fitted to the stator)
・ The stator and the mover are arranged so that they face each other.
The armature is located on the side of the mover,
-It suffices if an air passage is formed in the vicinity of the armature to allow wind to flow as the mover moves.
[0037]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
[0038]
Now, when a voltage is sequentially applied to the coil 32 at a predetermined timing to excite the armature 30, an attractive force or a repulsive force acts between each armature 30 and each permanent magnet 20. Is moved in the axial direction x of the stator 2. That is, the moving element 3 is moved along the stator 2 by using the force generated between the magnet 20 and the armature 30.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the overall structure of a linear motor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a linear motor according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a stator.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a base.
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view for explaining an attachment state and the like of the fixing bar.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining an arrangement position of a permanent magnet.
FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the mover 3;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the structure of the mover 3;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a detailed shape of an armature.
FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view for explaining an assembled state of the armature.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ......... Linear motor 2 ......... Stator 3 ......... Mover 20 ... Permanent magnet 21 ... Base 33 ... Annular member (armature support member)
CL …… Center axis p1 …… Deviation (pitch)
S ... Air passage

Claims (3)

An elongate stator, and a cylindrical mover loosely fitted to the stator so as to be movable, and using the force generated between the magnet and the armature, the mover In a linear motor that moves the motor along the stator,
A plurality of the magnets are arranged on the side of the stator to form a magnet row along the moving direction of the mover,
A plurality of the armatures are arranged on the side of the mover, and form an armature row facing the magnet row and along the moving direction,
In the vicinity of the armature, there is formed an air passage through which wind flows as the mover moves,
A back is arranged along the moving direction,
The armature comprises an iron core portion extending from the back so as to be close to the magnet, and a coil wound around the iron core portion,
The back portion is brought into contact with the outer peripheral side of the annular member,
Said coil, said in contact with the inner peripheral side of the annular member, said armature row is supported by the annular member,
A part of the annular member is disposed in the air passage. A protrusion is formed at the tip of the iron core, and
The linear motor according to claim 1, wherein the coil is held by the protrusion so as not to come off . The back portion is fitted into an outer groove formed on the outer peripheral side of the annular member,
The linear motor according to claim 1 , wherein the coil is fitted in an inner groove formed on an inner peripheral side of the annular member .

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