JP3650876B2 - Latex and sheet material using the same - Google Patents
Latex and sheet material using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3650876B2 JP3650876B2 JP32202298A JP32202298A JP3650876B2 JP 3650876 B2 JP3650876 B2 JP 3650876B2 JP 32202298 A JP32202298 A JP 32202298A JP 32202298 A JP32202298 A JP 32202298A JP 3650876 B2 JP3650876 B2 JP 3650876B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- latex
- group
- emulsion
- added
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 title claims description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 33
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 17
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 10
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZFVJLNKVUKIPPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl(selanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=[Se])C1=CC=CC=C1 ZFVJLNKVUKIPPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLIDVCMBCGBIEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-penten-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C=C JLIDVCMBCGBIEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930024421 Adenine Natural products 0.000 description 2
- GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001016 Ostwald ripening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000643 adenine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buten-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LXMMUXCVYVMRKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-oxobutanoylamino)methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)NCOC(=O)C(C)=C LXMMUXCVYVMRKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOOZKHMFNNJCMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propan-2-yl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(C)OC(=O)CC(C)=O IOOZKHMFNNJCMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKFQIYSINORIFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-(2-methylprop-2-enoyl)piperazin-1-yl]butane-1,3-dione Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)N1CCN(C(=O)C(C)=C)CC1 CKFQIYSINORIFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGZDFOYYIXAAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-prop-2-enoyloxypropan-2-yl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(C)OC(=O)CC(C)=O NGZDFOYYIXAAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCQHHYHGZQLDLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanoacetyl)oxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)CC#N BCQHHYHGZQLDLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZHZIKFVMPFWPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)ethyl 3-oxopentanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC(=O)OCCNC(=O)C(C)=C ZHZIKFVMPFWPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBDVWXAVKPRHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C IBDVWXAVKPRHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYIXVBSYPBIFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-oxobutanoylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)NCCOC(=O)C(C)=C MYIXVBSYPBIFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUIYGDPBFYSWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-oxobutanoylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)NCCOC(=O)C=C RUIYGDPBFYSWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZWXRQASCOKEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(prop-2-enoylamino)ethyl 2-cyanoacetate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCCOC(=O)CC#N WZWXRQASCOKEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQGBNAQGHQSREJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[butyl(3-oxobutanoyl)amino]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCN(C(=O)CC(C)=O)CCOC(=O)C=C FQGBNAQGHQSREJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004200 2-methoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- UALZDWDGZCUNPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl 2-cyanoacetate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CC#N UALZDWDGZCUNPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGPNBAXSEWHWRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl 3-oxopentanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C LGPNBAXSEWHWRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAWQXWZJKKICSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethyl-2-methylidenebutanamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=C)C(N)=O ZAWQXWZJKKICSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFNGWPXYNSJXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCS(O)(=O)=O KFNGWPXYNSJXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound ClCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMGBCBLTXMUQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxobutanoyl 2-methylpent-2-enoate Chemical compound CCC=C(C)C(=O)OC(=O)CC(C)=O RMGBCBLTXMUQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGLJYJVYUYQOHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxobutanoyl 4-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)OC(=O)C(=C)CCO ZGLJYJVYUYQOHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CUXGDKOCSSIRKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C=C CUXGDKOCSSIRKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 CC=C[N+]([N-])I* Chemical compound CC=C[N+]([N-])I* 0.000 description 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1ccccc1 Chemical compound Cc1ccccc1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVJDGZZISBAFFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl pent-2-enoate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)OC(C=CCC)=O HVJDGZZISBAFFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005336 allyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000649 benzylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- UAHHUOUYXWLLPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-enoyl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound C(CC(=O)C)(=O)OC(C=CC)=O UAHHUOUYXWLLPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004744 butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZUIVNYGZFPOXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1717603 Chemical compound N1=C(C)C=C(O)N2N=CN=C21 ZUIVNYGZFPOXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorosilver;silver Chemical class [Ag].[Ag]Cl GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGJMPUGMZIKDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanoacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CC#N DGJMPUGMZIKDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002933 cyclohexyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCCC1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 108700039708 galantide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940050521 gelatin agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-naphthalen-1-ylacetate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)OC)=CC=CC2=C1 YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical class C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZUZSFMQBICMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-enylbenzene;styrene Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZUZSFMQBICMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ラテックス及びそれを用いた膜物性が改良された親水性コロイド層を有するシート状材料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料では一般的にバインダーとしてゼラチンが多く用いられる。
【0003】
ゼラチンは高い膨潤性とゲル化能を有し、種々の硬膜剤による架橋も容易であり、感光性ハロゲン化銀のように高温を嫌う素材を塗布液の物性を調整することにより、広い面積にわたって均一に塗布するためには極めて優れた特性を有するバインダーである。
【0004】
一方ゼラチンと架橋する基を有するポリマーラテックスをハロゲン化銀乳剤層、バッキング層に含有させ感光材料の膜物性を向上させる技術が知られているが、架橋性基を有するモノマーを共重合したラテックスは、重合安定性やゼラチン相溶性が悪く、架橋性基による膜物性向上効果は充分発揮されなかった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って本発明の課題は、ラテックス及びそれを用いた膜物性の良いシート状材料を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の上記目的は以下の構成により達成される。
【0007】
1.イソプレンスルホン酸又はその塩をモノマー単位ユニットとして有する親水性高分子の存在下で、活性メチレン基を有する重合可能なモノマーを用い重合して得られることを特徴とするラテックス。
【0008】
2.支持体上に少なくとも1層の親水性コロイド層を有するシート状材料において、該親水性コロイド層中に前記1に記載のラテックスを含有することを特徴とするシート状材料。
【0009】
3.支持体上に少なくとも1層の親水性コロイド層を有するシート状材料において、イソプレンスルホン酸又はその塩をモノマー単位ユニットとして有する親水性高分子の存在下で重合された活性メチレン基を有するラテックスの重量が、該親水性コロイド層中のバインダーに対し重量分率で1%〜40%であることを特徴とするシート状材料。
【0011】
以下、本発明を更に詳細に述べる。
【0012】
本発明で使用される重合開始剤は、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸ナトリウム、過硫酸アンモニウム、過酸化水素、4,4′−アゾビス−4−シアノバレリックアミド、2,2′−アゾビス(2−メチルアミドオキシム)ジヒドロクロライド等があげられ、これらの中より単独もしくは2種以上の混合物で使用され、好適には、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸ナトリウム、過硫酸アンモニウムが使用される。
【0013】
本発明の親水性高分子は、樹脂中或いは末端に、スルホン酸塩基、カルボン酸塩基、アミン基の酸中和基等の水溶性基と、場合によりその他の架橋性の官能基、例えば不飽和二重結合を含有する構造をしているものが好ましい。
【0014】
本発明の親水性高分子は分散剤として作用するので、単独で使用しても良く、また低分子量界面活性剤などを併用しても良い。低分子量界面活性剤としてはアニオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤、ノニオン性界面活性剤等が挙げられる。
【0015】
本発明のイソプレンスルホン酸又はその塩をモノマー単位ユニットとして有する親水性高分子の例を以下に挙げるが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0016】
【化1】
【0017】
【化2】
【0018】
【化3】
【0019】
【化4】
【0020】
次に活性メチレン基を有する重合可能なモノマーについて説明する。
【0021】
本発明で好ましく利用できる活性メチレンモノマーは、下記一般式(1)で表される化合物である。
【0022】
【化5】
【0023】
式中、R1は水素原子、炭素数1〜4(例えば、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、n−ブチル等の各基)またはハロゲン原子(例えば、塩素原子、臭素原子)を表し、好ましくは水素原子、メチル基、塩素原子を表す。Lは単結合もしくは2価の連結基を表し、具体的には下式で表される。
【0024】
【化6】
【0025】
L1は−CON(R2)−(R2は水素原子、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、または炭素数1〜6の置換アルキル基を表わす)、−COO−、−NHCO−、−OCO−、
【0026】
【化7】
【0027】
(R3、R4はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、ハロゲン原子、置換、無置換のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基またはアリールオキシ基を表わす)を表わし、L2はL1とXを結ぶ連結基を表わし、mは0または1を表わしnは0または1を表わす。L2で表される連結基は具体的には、下記の一般式(2)で表される。
【0028】
【化8】
【0029】
J1、J2、J3は同じでも異なっていてもよく、−CO−、−SO2−、−CON(R5)−(R5は水素原子、アルキル基(炭素数1〜6)、置換アルキル基(炭素数1〜6))、−SO2N(R5)(R5は上記と同義)、−N(R5)−R6−(R5は上記と同義、R6は炭素数1〜4のアルキレン基)、−N(R5)−R6−N(R7)−(R5、R6は上記と同義、R7は水素原子、アルキル基(炭素数1〜6)、置換アルキル基(炭素数1〜6)を表わす)、−O−、−S−、−N(R5)−CO−N(R7)−(R5、R7は上記と同義)、−N(R5)−SO2−N(R7)−(R5、R7は上記と同義)、−COO−、−OCO−、−N(R5)CO2−(R5は上記と同義)、−N(R5)CO−(R5は上記と同義)等を挙げることができる。
【0030】
p、q、r、sは0または1を表す。
【0031】
X1、X2、X3は互いに同じでも異なっていてもよく、炭素数1〜10個の置換、無置換のアルキレン基、アラルキレン基またはフェニレン基を表わし、アルキレン基は直鎖でも分岐でもよい。アルキレン基としては例えばメチレン、メチルメチレン、ジメチルメチレン、ジメチレン、トリメチレン、テトラメチレン、ペンタメチレン、ヘキサメチレン、デシルメチレン等の各基、アラルキレン基としては例えばベンジリデン基等、フェニレン基としては例えばD−フェニレン、m−フェニレン、メチルフェニレン等の各基を挙げることができる。
【0032】
Xは、活性メチレン基を含む一価の基を表し、好ましい具体例としては、R8−CO−CH2−COO−、NC−CH2−COO−、R8−CO−CH2−CO−、R8−CO−CH2−CON(R5)−等を挙げることができる。ここでR5は前記に同じであり、R8は炭素数1〜12個の置換、無置換のアルキル基(例えばメチル、エチル、n−プロピル、n−ブチル、t−ブチル、n−ノニル、2−メトキシエチル、4−フェノキシブチル、ベンジル、2−メタンスルホンアミドエチル等の各基)、置換、無置換のアリール基(例えばフェニル、p−メチルフェニル、p−メトキシフェニル、p−クロロフェニル等の各基)、アルコキシ基(例えば、メトキシ、エトキシ、メトキシエトキシ、n−ブトキシ等の各基)、シクロアルキルオキシ基(例えばシクロヘキシルオキシ基等)、アリロキシ(例えばフェノキシ、D−メチルフェノキシ、o−クロロフェノキシ、p−シアノフェノキシ等の各基)、アミノ基、置換アミノ基(例えばメチルアミノ、エチルアミノ、ジメチルアミノ、ブチルアミノ等の各基)を表わす。
【0033】
以下に、本発明の活性メチレン基を有する重合可能なモノマ−を例示するが本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0034】
M−1 2−アセトアセトキシエチルメタクリレート
M−2 2−アセトアセトキシエチルアクリレート
M−3 2−アセトアセトキシプロピルメタクリレート
M−4 2−アセトアセトキシプロピルアクリレート
M−5 2−アセトアセトアミドエチルメタクリレート
M−6 2−アセトアセトアミドエチルアクリレート
M−7 2−シアノアセトキシエチルメタクリレート
M−8 2−シアノアセトキシエチルアクリレート
M−9 N−(2−シアノアセトキシエチル)アクリルアミド
M−10 2−プロピオニルアセトキシエチルアクリレート
M−11 N−(2−プロピオニルアセトキシエチル)メタクリルアミド
M−12 N−4−(アセトアセトキシペンジル)フェニルアクリルアミド
M−13 エチルアクリロイルアセテ−ト
M−14 アクリロイルメチルアセテート
M−15 N−メタクリロイルオキシメチルアセトアセトアミド
M−16 エチルメタクリロイルアセトアセテート
M−17 N−アリルシアノアセトアミド
M−18 メチルアクリロイルアセトアセテート
M−19 N−(2−メタクリロイルオキシメチル)シアノアセトアミド
M−20 p−(2−アセトアセチル)エチルスチレン
M−21 4−アセトアセチル−1−メタクリロイルピペラジン
M−22 エチル−α−アセトアセトキシメタクリレート
M−23 N−ブチルーN−アクリロイルオキシエチルアセトアセトアミド
M−24 p−(2−アセトアセトキシ)エチルスチレン
活性メチレン基を有する重合可能なモノマーと共重合可能なモノマーとしては、ビニル基を持つ化合物であり、例えばメチルアクリレート、エチルアクリレート、ブチルアクリレート、シクロヘキシルアクリレート等のアクリル酸エステル、メチルメタクリレート、エチルメタクリレート、シクロヘキシルメタクリレート、スルホプロピルメタクリレート等のメタクリル酸エステル、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル等のビニルエステル類、メチルビニルエーテル、ブチルビニルエーテル等のビニルエーテル類、メチルビニルケトン、エチルビニルケトン等のビニルケトン類、スチレン、メチルスチレン、クロロメチルスチレン等のスチレン類、アクリロニトリル、塩化ビニル、ビニリデンクロライド、ブタジエン、イソプレン等が挙げられる。
【0035】
活性メチレン基を有する重合可能なモノマーと共重合可能なモノマーの好ましい共重合比は、重量比で前者が3%以上あればよいが、より好ましくは5〜30%である。
【0036】
本発明のシート状材料は、支持体上に親水性コロイド層を有していれば特に限定されない。本発明の親水性コロイド層とは、親水性コロイド層をバインダー(結合剤)とする塗膜である。
【0037】
請求項2のシート状材料は、上記親水性コロイド層中にはイソプレンスルホン酸又はその塩をモノマー単位ユニットとして有する親水性高分子の存在下で、活性メチレン基を有する重合可能なモノマーを用い重合して得られるラテックスを含有してることを特徴としている。
【0038】
請求項3のシート状材料は、上記親水性コロイド層中に親水性高分子の存在下で重合された活性メチレン基を有するラテックスを含有する事を特徴とし、ラテックスの重量は、上記バインダーに対し重量分率で1〜40wt%である。
【0039】
請求項3のラテックスは前記イソプレンスルホン酸又はその塩をモノマーユニットとして有する親水性高分子の存在下で、前述の活性メチレン基を有する重合可能なモノマーを用い重合して得られるラテックスが好ましく、該重合可能なモノマーとしては、前述のM−1〜M−24が挙げられる。
【0040】
ラテックスの種類は複数の種類を併用しても良い。
【0041】
本発明のラテックスは、シート状材料、特にハロゲン化銀写真感光材料に好適である。
【0042】
(ラテックス製造例−1)
1lのコルベンにN2ガスで脱気した蒸留水360mlと、親水性高分子P−10を5g入れ80℃になるまで昇温する。これに蒸留水5mlに溶解した過硫酸アンモニウム1.5gをすばやく添加し、そこにM−1、シクロヘキシルメタクリレート、イソノニルアクリレート、グリシジルメタアクリレートの混合物を約1時間で滴下し、滴下終了後さらに3時間攪拌する。その後過硫酸アンモニウムを0.5g加えさらに2時間攪拌し、室温まで冷却してから、アンモニアを用いてpHを6.0に調整し目的とするラテックスAを得た。得られたラテックスの平均粒径は0.16μmであった。
【0043】
(ラテックス製造例−2)
1lのコルベンにN2ガスで脱気した蒸留水360mlと、親水性高分子P−12を5gと、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム0.1gを入れ80℃になるまで昇温する。これに蒸留水5mlに溶解した過硫酸アンモニウム1.0gをすばやく添加し、そこにM−1 20g、スチレン20g、n−ブチルアクリレート20g、グリシジルメタアクリレート40gの混合物を約1時間で滴下し、滴下終了後さらに3時間攪拌する。その後室温まで冷却してから、4%水酸化ナトリウムを用いてpHを6.0に調整し目的とするラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスの平均粒径は0.14μmであった。
【0044】
(ラテックス製造例−3)
1lのコルベンにN2ガスで脱気した蒸留水340mlと、親水性高分子P−12を8gと、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム0.2gを入れ80℃になるまで昇温する。これに蒸留水5mlに溶解した過硫酸アンモニウム1.0gをすばやく添加し、そこにM−1 30g、スチレン50g、t−ブチルアクリルアミド10g、グリシジルメタアクリレート60gの混合物を約1.5時間で滴下し、滴下終了後さらに3時間攪拌する。その後室温まで冷却してから、4%水酸化ナトリウムを用いてpHを6.0に調整し目的とするラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスの平均粒径は0.15μmであった。
【0045】
(ラテックスB〜G、イ〜ニの製造例)
表1のように使用する親水性高分子、活性メチレンを有する重合可能なモノマー、及び共重合可能なモノマーの種類と量を変更した以外はラテックス製造例−1と同様に作製した。
【0046】
ラテックスの一覧表を以下に示す。
【0047】
【表1】
【0048】
【実施例】
以下実施例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明の態様はこれに限定されない。
【0049】
実施例1
《乳剤Em−1の調製》
下記の様にして平板状沃臭化銀粒子からなる乳剤Em−1を調製した。
【0050】
(A1液)
オセインゼラチン 24.2g
水 9657ml
HO(CH2CH2O)n[CH(CH3)CH2O]17(CH2CH2O)m
H(n+m=5〜7)10%メタノール溶液 1.20ml
臭化カリウム 10.8g
10%硝酸 160ml
(B1液)
2.5N硝酸銀水溶液 2825ml
(C1液)
臭化カリウム 841g
水で 2825ml
(D1液)
オセインゼラチン 121g
水 2040ml
HO(CH2CH2O)n[CH(CH3)CH2O]17(CH2CH2O)m
H(n+m=5〜7)10%メタノール溶液 5.70ml
(E1液)
1.75N臭化カリウム水溶液 銀電位制御量
特公昭58−58288号に記載の混合撹拌機を用いて、35℃でA1液にB1液及びC1液各々475.0mlを同時混合法により2.0分で添加し、核形成を行った。
【0051】
B1液及びC1液の添加終了後、60分かけてA1液の温度を60℃に上昇させ、D1液の全量を添加し、KOH3%水溶液でpHを5.5とし、再びB1液及びC1液を各々55.4ml/分の添加速度で42分間添加した。この間、E1液を用いて銀電位(飽和銀−塩化銀電極を比較電極として銀イオン選択電極で測定)を+8mV及び+30mVになる様に制御した。
【0052】
添加終了後KOH3%水溶液でpHを6.0とし、直ちに脱塩、水洗を行って種乳剤を得た。この種乳剤を電子顕微鏡によって観察したところ、ハロゲン化銀粒子の全投影面積の90%以上が最大隣接辺比が1.0〜2.0の六角平板粒子よりなり、六角平板粒子の平均厚さは0.090μm、平均円相当直径は0.510μmであった。
【0053】
得られた種乳剤を53℃にし、分光増感色素A(5,5′−ジクロロ−9−エチル−3,3′−ジ−(3−スルホプロピル)オキサカルボシアニンナトリウム塩の無水物)450mg、分光増感色素B(5,5′−ジ−(ブトキシカルボニル)−1,1′−ジ−エチル−3,3′−ジ−(4−スルホブチル)ベンゾイミダゾロカルボシアニンナトリウムの無水物)8mgを固体微粒子状の分散物として添加後に、4−ヒドロキシ−6−メチル−1,3,3a,7−テトラザインデン(TAI)60mg、アデニン15mg、チオシアン酸アンモニウム50mg、塩化金酸2.5mg及びチオ硫酸ナトリウム5.0mgを含有する水溶液、沃化銀微粒子乳剤(平均粒径0.05μm)5ミリモル相当、トリフェニルホスフィンセレナイド6.0mgの分散液を加え、総計2時間30分の熟成を施した。熟成終了時に安定剤としてTAI750mgを添加した。
【0054】
尚、分光増感色素の固体微粒子分散物は、27℃の水に色素を加え高速撹拌機(ディゾルバー)で3500r.p.m.にて30〜120分撹拌して得た。またトリフェニルホスフィンセレナイドの分散液は、トリフェニルホスフィンセレナイド120gを50℃の酢酸エチル30kg中に添加して撹拌し、完全に溶解させ、他方でゼラチン3.8kgを純水38kgに溶解し、これにドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム25重量%水溶液93gを添加し、これらの2液を混合して直径10cmのディゾルバーを有する高速撹拌型分散機により50℃、分散翼周速40m/秒で30分間分散し、その後速やかに減圧して酢酸エチルの残留濃度が0.3重量%以下になるまで、撹拌を行いつつ酢酸エチルを除去し、純水で希釈して80kgに仕上げて得た。
【0055】
《乳剤Em−2の調製》
乳剤Em−1を種乳剤として、以下の溶液を用い平板状沃臭化銀粒子からなる乳剤Em−2を調製した。
【0056】
(A2液)
オセインゼラチン 19.04g
HO(CH2CH2O)n[CH(CH3)CH2O]17(CH2CH2O)m
H(n+m=5〜7)10%メタノール溶液 2.00ml
沃化カリウム 7.00g
Em−1 1.55モル相当
水で 2800mlに仕上げる
(B2液)
臭化カリウム 1493g
水で 3585mlに仕上げる
(C2液)
硝酸銀 2131g
水で 3585mlに仕上げる
(D2液)
3重量%のゼラチンと、沃化銀粒子(平均粒径0.05μm)からなる微粒子乳剤(*) 0.028モル相当
*0.06モルの沃化カリウムを含む5.0重量%のゼラチン水溶液6.64lに、7.06モルの硝酸銀と、7.06モルの沃化カリウムを含む水溶液それぞれ2lを10分間かけて添加した。微粒子形成中のpHは硝酸を用いて2.0に、温度は40℃に制御した。粒子形成後、炭酸ナトリウム水溶液を用いてpHを6.0とした。
【0057】
反応容器内でA2液を55℃に保ちながら激しく撹拌し、B2液及びC2液のそれぞれ半量を35分かけて同時混合法にて添加した。この間pHは5.8に保った。1%KOH水溶液にてpHを8.8とし、B2液、C2液及びD2液をD2液が無くなるまで同時混合法で添加した。0.3%クエン酸水溶液にてpHを6.0とし、B2液及びC2液の残量を25分かけて同時混合法で添加した。この間のpAgは8.9に保った。尚、B2液とC2液の添加速度は臨界成長速度に応じて関数様に変化させ、小粒子の発生とオストワルド熟成による多分散化を抑えた。
【0058】
添加終了後、Em−1と同様に脱塩、水洗、再分散を行い、再分散後40℃でpHを5.80、pAgを8.2に調整した。
【0059】
得られたハロゲン化銀乳剤を電子顕微鏡によって観察したところ、平均円相当直径0.91μm、平均厚さ0.23μm、平均アスペクト比4.0、粒径分布の広さ〔(粒径分布の標準偏差/平均粒径)×100〕20.5%の平板状ハロゲン化銀粒子からなる乳剤であった。
【0060】
得られた乳剤を47℃にし、沃化銀微粒子乳剤(平均粒径0.05μm)5ミリモル相当、分光増感色素Aを390mg及び分光増感色素Bを4mgを固体微粒子状の分散物として添加後に、アデニン10mg、チオシアン酸アンモニウム50mg、塩化金酸2.0mg及びチオ硫酸ナトリウム3.3mgを含有する水溶液、トリフェニルホスフィンセレナイド4.0mgの分散液を加え、総計2時間30分の熟成を施した。熟成終了時に安定剤としてTAI750mgを添加した。
【0061】
調製したEm−1とEm−2それぞれを重量比で6:4に混合した乳剤を用いて以下の処方で試料を作製した。
【0062】
《試料の作製》
濃度0.15に青色着色した厚さ175μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムベースの両面に、下記処方(片面当たり)でクロスオーバーカット層、乳剤層、中間層、保護層の順に、片面当たりの銀付量1.8g/m2、保護層ゼラチン量0.4g/m2、中間層ゼラチン量0.4g/m2、乳剤層ゼラチン量1.5g/m2、クロスオーバーカット層ゼラチン量0.2g/m2になるように塗布し、乾燥して試料No.1を作製した。
【0063】
【0064】
【化9】
【0065】
【化10】
【0066】
【化11】
【0067】
【化12】
【0068】
表2に示すように、ラテックスの種類、添加層及び添加量を変更した以外は、No.1と同様にしてNo.2〜No.14を作製した。
【0069】
《蛍光増感紙の作製》
Gd2O2S:Tb蛍光体(平均粒径1.8μm) 200g
ポリウレタン系熱可塑性エラストマー 20g
[住友バイエルウレタン(株)製:デモラックTPKL−5−2625(固形分40%)]
ニトロセルロース(消化度11.5%) 2g
からなる組成物にメチルエチルケトン溶媒を加え、プロペラ型ミキサーで分散させて粘度25ps(25℃)の蛍光体層形成用塗布液を調製した(結合剤/蛍光体=1/22)。
【0070】
又、下塗層形成用塗布液として軟質アクリル樹脂90g(固形分)、ニトロセルロース50gにメチルエチルケトンを加え、分散、混合して粘度3〜6cps(25℃)の分散液を調製した。
【0071】
二酸化チタンを練り込んだ厚さ250μmのポリエチレンテレフタレート支持体をガラス板上に水平に置き、下塗層形成用塗布液をドクターブレードを用いて均一に塗布した後、25℃から100℃に徐々に昇温して乾燥し、厚さ15μmの下塗層を形成した。
【0072】
この上に蛍光体形成用塗布液をドクターブレードを用いて膜厚240μmで均一に塗布し、乾燥後、カレンダーロールを用いて800kgw/cm2の圧力で、80℃で圧縮を行った。
【0073】
更に、特開平6−75097号の実施例1に記載の方法で厚さ3μmの透明保護層を形成し、支持体、下塗層、蛍光体層、透明保護層からなる蛍光増感紙を作製した。
【0074】
《評価》
得られた各試料について感度、プレッシャー耐性を以下の様に評価した。
【0075】
(感度)
作製した蛍光増感紙に各試料を挟み、コニカメディカル(株)製ペネトロメータB型を介してX線照射し、コニカ(株)製自動現像機SRX−503にてSR−DF処理液(同)を用い、現像温度35℃でDry to dry45秒で処理を行う。このとき、カブリ濃度+1.0の濃度を得るのに必要なX線量の逆数を感度とし、試料No.1の感度を100とする相対感度で評価した。
【0076】
〈液中プレッシャー耐性の評価〉
暗室内で、表面がスムースなゴムローラーbに試料のB面内側にして180°巻き付け、表面を意図的に荒らしたゴムローラーaで試料のA面を任意の圧力ではさみ、試料をこのローラ間で1回通す。その後、現像処理を行いプレッシャーかぶり発生レベルを目視判定する。ローラーで挟む圧力は、比較試料No.1のプレッシャーカブリレベルが3となるようにあらかじめ調整する。
【0077】
プレッシャーカブリレベルは、数値が大きいほど良く、5が全く発生しないレベルである。
【0078】
試料No.1〜No.14について、得られた結果を表2に示す。(表中、Em:乳剤層、Pro:保護層)
【0079】
【表2】
【0080】
表2から以下のことが分かる。
【0081】
イソプレンスルホン酸又は、その塩をモノマー単位ユニットとして有する親水性高分子の存在下で重合した活性メチレン基含有ラテックス及びバインダーに対する活性メチレン基を有するラテックスの重量が重量分率で1〜40%である本発明のNo.2〜9は、No.1,10〜14に対し、相対感度、液中プレッシャー耐性が向上している。
【0082】
なお、現像処理後の試料の透明度について、本発明のラテックスを含有している試料No.2〜9はNo.1、10〜14と比して、透明度の低下はみられなかった。
【0083】
実施例2
《乳剤EM−3の調製》
(A3液)
オセインゼラチン 37.5g
沃化カリウム 0.625g
塩化ナトリウム 16.5g
蒸留水で 7500mlとする
(B3液)
硝酸銀 1500g
蒸留水で 2500mlとする
(C3液)
沃化カリウム 4g
塩化ナトリウム 140g
蒸留水で 684mlとする
(D3液)
塩化ナトリウム 375g
蒸留水で 1816mlとする
A3液を特公昭58−58288号に記載の混合撹拌機に投入し、40℃でこれにB3液684ml及びC3液の全量を1分間かけて添加した。銀電位EAgを149mVに保持しながら20分間オストワルド熟成した後、B3液の残り全量とD3液の全量を40分間かけて添加した後、直ちに脱塩、水洗を行い種乳剤EM−3とした。
【0084】
得られたハロゲン化銀種乳剤を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、ハロゲン化銀粒子の全投影面積の60%以上が(100)面を主平面とする平板状粒子からなり、平均厚さ0.07μm、平均円相当径0.5μm、変動係数(粒径分布の標準偏差×100/平均粒径)は25%であった。
【0085】
《高塩化銀乳剤EM−4の調製》
乳剤EM−3を種乳剤として、以下の溶液を用い平板状高塩化銀粒子からなる乳剤EM−4を調製した。
【0086】
(A4液)
オセインゼラチン 29.4g
HO(CH2CH2O)n[CH(CH3)CH2O]17(CH2CH2O)mH
(n+m=5〜7)10%メタノール溶液 1.25ml
EM−3 0.98モル相当
水で 3000mlに仕上げる。
【0087】
(B4液)
3.50N硝酸銀水溶液 2240ml
(C4液)
塩化ナトリウム 455g
蒸留水で 2240mlに仕上げる。
【0088】
(D4液)
1.75N塩化ナトリウム水溶液 銀電位制御量
前記混合撹拌機にA4液を投入し、40℃で、これにB4液及びC4液の全量をダブルジェット法により添加終了時の流速が添加開始時の流速の3倍になるように110分間かけて添加し、成長を行なった。
【0089】
この間の銀電位はD4液を用いて+120mVになるように制御した。
【0090】
添加終了後、過剰な塩類を除去するため、以下に示す方法で沈殿脱塩を行った。
【0091】
1.混合終了した反応液を40℃にして、特開平2−7037号に記載の例示凝集ゼラチン剤G−3をハロゲン化銀1モル当たり20g加え、56重量%酢酸を加えてpHを4.30まで低下させ、静置してデカンテーションを行う
2.40℃の純水をハロゲン化銀1モル当たり1.8l加え、10分間撹拌した後、デカンテーションを行う
3.上記2の工程をもう1度行う
4.ハロゲン化銀1モル当たりゼラチン15g、炭酸ナトリウム、水を加え、pH6.0にして再分散し、ハロゲン化銀1モル当たり450ccに仕上げる。
【0092】
得られた乳剤EM−4に含まれるハロゲン化銀粒子約3000個を電子顕微鏡により観察したところ、全投影面積の80%が(100)面を主平面とする、平均円相当直径1.17μm、平均厚み0.12μmのハロゲン化銀平板状粒子で、変動係数は24%であった。
【0093】
得られた乳剤EM−4を55℃にし、沃化銀微粒子乳剤(平均粒径0.05μm)5ミリモル相当、分光増感色素(1)250mg及び分光増感色素(2)30mgを固体微粒子状の分散物として添加後に、チオシアン酸アンモニウム2.0mg、塩化金酸1.0mg、トリフェニルホスフィンセレナイド1.0mgの分散液を加え、総計90分の熟成を施した。熟成終了時に安定剤としてTAI50mgを添加して乳剤を作製した。
【0094】
【化13】
【0095】
《試料の作製》
ハロゲン化銀乳剤をEM−4に変更した以外は試料No.1と同様にして試料No.15を作製した。また試料No.15において表3に示すように、両面の乳剤層にラテックスを添加し試料No.16〜26を作製した。
【0096】
〈スリキズプレッシャー耐性の評価〉
未露光の試料を平面台に置き、この上に板に張ったスポンジたわしをたわし面が感材に当たるようにのせこの上に荷重300gのおもりを乗せて固定し、感材を平面台とスポンジの間から引き抜いた。
【0097】
このような試料について現像処理を行い、カブリの発生度合いを5段階評価した。
【0098】
5:全く発生しない
4:一部にわずかに認められる
3:全体にかすかに発生している
2:全体に発生し、一部はひどく発生している
1:全体にひどく発生している。
【0099】
試料No.15〜No.26について、得られた結果を表3に示す。
【0100】
【表3】
【0101】
表3から以下のことが分かる。
【0102】
イソプレンスルホン酸又は、その塩をモノマー単位ユニットとして有する親水性高分子の存在下で重合した活性メチレン基含有ラテックス及びバインダーに対する活性メチレン基を有するラテックスの重量が重量分率で1〜40%である本発明のNo.16〜21は、No.15,22〜26に対し、相対感度、スリキズプレッシャー耐性が向上している。
【0103】
なお、現像処理後の試料の透明度について、本発明のラッテクスを含有している試料No.16〜21はNo.15、22〜26と比して、透明度の低下はみられなかった。
【0104】
【発明の効果】
実施例で実証した如く、本発明によるラテックス及びそれを用いたシート状材料は膜物性(液中プレッシャー、スリキズプレッシャー、透明度)が良好で、優れた効果を有する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a latex and a sheet-like material having a hydrophilic colloid layer with improved film properties using the latex.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials, gelatin is generally used as a binder.
[0003]
Gelatin has high swellability and gelling ability, and can be easily cross-linked by various hardeners. By adjusting the physical properties of the coating solution, a wide area can be achieved by adjusting the physical properties of the coating solution such as photosensitive silver halide. It is a binder having extremely excellent characteristics in order to apply uniformly over a wide area.
[0004]
On the other hand, a technique for improving the film physical properties of a photosensitive material by incorporating a polymer latex having a group capable of crosslinking with gelatin into a silver halide emulsion layer or a backing layer is known. Polymerization stability and gelatin compatibility were poor, and the effect of improving film physical properties by the crosslinkable group was not sufficiently exhibited.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a latex and a sheet-like material having good film properties using the latex.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configurations.
[0007]
1. A latex obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer having an active methylene group in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer having isoprenesulfonic acid or a salt thereof as a monomer unit.
[0008]
2. In a sheet-like material having at least one hydrophilic colloid layer on a support, in the hydrophilic colloid layerAs described in 1 aboveA sheet-like material containing latex.
[0009]
3. In a sheet-like material having at least one hydrophilic colloid layer on a support,Isoprenesulfonic acid or its salt as monomer unitThe weight of the latex having an active methylene group polymerized in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer is 1% to 40% by weight with respect to the binder in the hydrophilic colloid layer. .
[0011]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
[0012]
The polymerization initiator used in the present invention is potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, 4,4'-azobis-4-cyanovaleric amide, 2,2'-azobis (2-methyl). Amidooxime) dihydrochloride and the like are used, and among these, used alone or in a mixture of two or more thereof, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate are preferably used.
[0013]
The hydrophilic polymer of the present invention has a water-soluble group such as a sulfonate group, a carboxylate group, an acid neutralization group of an amine group, and other crosslinkable functional groups such as an unsaturated group in the resin or at the terminal. Those having a structure containing a double bond are preferred.
[0014]
Since the hydrophilic polymer of the present invention acts as a dispersant, it may be used alone or in combination with a low molecular weight surfactant. Examples of the low molecular weight surfactant include an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant.
[0015]
Although the example of the hydrophilic polymer which has the isoprenesulfonic acid or its salt of this invention as a monomer unit unit is given to the following, this invention is not limited to these.
[0016]
[Chemical 1]
[0017]
[Chemical 2]
[0018]
[Chemical 3]
[0019]
[Formula 4]
[0020]
Next, a polymerizable monomer having an active methylene group will be described.
[0021]
The active methylene monomer that can be preferably used in the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
[0022]
[Chemical formula 5]
[0023]
Where R1Represents a hydrogen atom, 1 to 4 carbon atoms (eg, groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, etc.) or a halogen atom (eg, chlorine atom, bromine atom), preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group Represents a chlorine atom. L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, and is specifically represented by the following formula.
[0024]
[Chemical 6]
[0025]
L1Is -CON (R2)-(R2Represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a substituted alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), -COO-, -NHCO-, -OCO-,
[0026]
[Chemical 7]
[0027]
(RThree, RFourEach independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group or an aryloxy group), and L2Is L1Represents a linking group connecting X and X, m represents 0 or 1, and n represents 0 or 1. L2The linking group represented by is specifically represented by the following general formula (2).
[0028]
[Chemical 8]
[0029]
J1, J2, JThreeMay be the same or different, -CO-, -SO2-, -CON (RFive)-(RFiveIs a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (1 to 6 carbon atoms), a substituted alkyl group (1 to 6 carbon atoms), -SO2N (RFive) (RFiveIs as defined above), -N (RFive-R6-(RFiveIs synonymous with the above, R6Is an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms), -N (RFive-R6-N (R7)-(RFive, R6Is synonymous with the above, R7Represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group (1 to 6 carbon atoms), a substituted alkyl group (1 to 6 carbon atoms), -O-, -S-, -N (RFive) -CO-N (R7)-(RFive, R7Is as defined above), -N (RFive-SO2-N (R7)-(RFive, R7Is as defined above, -COO-, -OCO-, -N (RFiveCO2-(RFiveIs as defined above), -N (RFive) CO- (RFiveMay be the same as above.
[0030]
p, q, r, and s represent 0 or 1.
[0031]
X1, X2, XThreeMay be the same as or different from each other and each represents a substituted, unsubstituted alkylene group, aralkylene group or phenylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the alkylene group may be linear or branched. Examples of the alkylene group include methylene, methylmethylene, dimethylmethylene, dimethylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, hexamethylene, decylmethylene, and the like. Examples of the aralkylene group include benzylidene group. Examples of the phenylene group include D-phenylene. , M-phenylene, methylphenylene and the like.
[0032]
X represents a monovalent group containing an active methylene group, and preferred specific examples include R8-CO-CH2-COO-, NC-CH2-COO-, R8-CO-CH2-CO-, R8-CO-CH2-CON (RFive)-And the like. Where RFiveIs the same as above and R8Is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, n-nonyl, 2-methoxyethyl, 4-phenoxybutyl, benzyl, 2 -Each group such as methanesulfonamidoethyl), a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group (for example, each group such as phenyl, p-methylphenyl, p-methoxyphenyl, p-chlorophenyl), an alkoxy group (for example, methoxy, ethoxy, Each group such as methoxyethoxy and n-butoxy), cycloalkyloxy group (such as cyclohexyloxy group), allyloxy (such as each group such as phenoxy, D-methylphenoxy, o-chlorophenoxy, p-cyanophenoxy), amino Groups, substituted amino groups (for example, methylamino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, butylamino, etc.) ) Represents the.
[0033]
Examples of the polymerizable monomer having an active methylene group of the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0034]
M-1 2-acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate
M-2 2-acetoacetoxyethyl acrylate
M-3 2-acetoacetoxypropyl methacrylate
M-4 2-acetoacetoxypropyl acrylate
M-5 2-acetoacetamidoethyl methacrylate
M-6 2-acetoacetamidoethyl acrylate
M-7 2-cyanoacetoxyethyl methacrylate
M-8 2-cyanoacetoxyethyl acrylate
M-9 N- (2-cyanoacetoxyethyl) acrylamide
M-10 2-propionylacetoxyethyl acrylate
M-11 N- (2-propionylacetoxyethyl) methacrylamide
M-12 N-4- (acetoacetoxypentyl) phenylacrylamide
M-13 Ethylacryloyl acetate
M-14 Acryloyl methyl acetate
M-15 N-methacryloyloxymethylacetoacetamide
M-16 Ethylmethacryloyl acetoacetate
M-17 N-allylcyanoacetamide
M-18 Methylacryloyl acetoacetate
M-19 N- (2-Methacryloyloxymethyl) cyanoacetamide
M-20 p- (2-acetoacetyl) ethylstyrene
M-21 4-acetoacetyl-1-methacryloylpiperazine
M-22 Ethyl-α-acetoacetoxymethacrylate
M-23 N-butyl-N-acryloyloxyethylacetoacetamide
M-24 p- (2-acetoacetoxy) ethylstyrene
As a monomer copolymerizable with a polymerizable monomer having an active methylene group, a compound having a vinyl group, for example, an acrylic acid ester such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, Methacrylic acid esters such as cyclohexyl methacrylate and sulfopropyl methacrylate, vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, vinyl ethers such as methyl vinyl ether and butyl vinyl ether, vinyl ketones such as methyl vinyl ketone and ethyl vinyl ketone, styrene, methyl styrene Styrenes such as chloromethylstyrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, butadiene, isoprene, etc. .
[0035]
The preferred copolymerization ratio between the polymerizable monomer having an active methylene group and the copolymerizable monomer may be 3% or more by weight, but more preferably 5 to 30%.
[0036]
The sheet-like material of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a hydrophilic colloid layer on the support. The hydrophilic colloid layer of the present invention is a coating film using the hydrophilic colloid layer as a binder (binder).
[0037]
The sheet-like material according to claim 2 is polymerized using a polymerizable monomer having an active methylene group in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer having isoprenesulfonic acid or a salt thereof as a monomer unit in the hydrophilic colloid layer. It is characterized by containing latex obtained in this way.
[0038]
The sheet-like material according to claim 3 contains a latex having an active methylene group polymerized in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer in the hydrophilic colloid layer, and the weight of the latex is based on the binder. The weight fraction is 1 to 40 wt%.
[0039]
The latex of claim 3 is preferably a latex obtained by polymerization using a polymerizable monomer having an active methylene group as described above in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer having the isoprenesulfonic acid or a salt thereof as a monomer unit. Examples of the polymerizable monomer include the aforementioned M-1 to M-24.
[0040]
A plurality of types of latex may be used in combination.
[0041]
The latex of the present invention is suitable for a sheet-like material, particularly a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material.
[0042]
(Latex production example-1)
1 l Kolben and N2Add 360 g of distilled water degassed with gas and 5 g of hydrophilic polymer P-10 and raise the temperature to 80 ° C. To this, 1.5 g of ammonium persulfate dissolved in 5 ml of distilled water was quickly added, and a mixture of M-1, cyclohexyl methacrylate, isononyl acrylate, and glycidyl methacrylate was added dropwise over about 1 hour. Stir. Thereafter, 0.5 g of ammonium persulfate was added, and the mixture was further stirred for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature, and then adjusted to pH 6.0 with ammonia to obtain the intended latex A. The average particle size of the obtained latex was 0.16 μm.
[0043]
(Latex production example-2)
1 l Kolben and N2360 ml of distilled water degassed with gas, 5 g of hydrophilic polymer P-12, and 0.1 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate are added and heated to 80 ° C. To this, 1.0 g of ammonium persulfate dissolved in 5 ml of distilled water was quickly added, and a mixture of 20 g of M-1, 20 g of styrene, 20 g of n-butyl acrylate, and 40 g of glycidyl methacrylate was added dropwise over about 1 hour, and the addition was completed. Stir for another 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the pH was adjusted to 6.0 with 4% sodium hydroxide to obtain the desired latex. The average particle size of the obtained latex was 0.14 μm.
[0044]
(Latex production example-3)
1 l Kolben and N2340 ml of distilled water degassed with gas, 8 g of hydrophilic polymer P-12, and 0.2 g of sodium lauryl sulfate are added and the temperature is raised to 80 ° C. To this, 1.0 g of ammonium persulfate dissolved in 5 ml of distilled water was quickly added, and a mixture of 30 g of M-1, 50 g of styrene, 10 g of t-butylacrylamide and 60 g of glycidyl methacrylate was added dropwise over about 1.5 hours. Stir for another 3 hours after the addition. After cooling to room temperature, the pH was adjusted to 6.0 with 4% sodium hydroxide to obtain the desired latex. The average particle size of the obtained latex was 0.15 μm.
[0045]
(Examples of production of latex BG, ii)
It was prepared in the same manner as in Latex Production Example 1 except that the types and amounts of the hydrophilic polymer, the polymerizable monomer having active methylene, and the copolymerizable monomer used were changed as shown in Table 1.
[0046]
A list of latex is shown below.
[0047]
[Table 1]
[0048]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0049]
Example 1
<< Preparation of Emulsion Em-1 >>
Emulsion Em-1 consisting of tabular silver iodobromide grains was prepared as follows.
[0050]
(A1 solution)
Ossein gelatin 24.2g
9657ml water
HO (CH2CH2O)n[CH (CHThree) CH2O]17(CH2CH2O)m
H (n + m = 5-7) 10% methanol solution 1.20 ml
Potassium bromide 10.8g
160ml of 10% nitric acid
(B1 solution)
2.5N silver nitrate aqueous solution 2825ml
(C1 liquid)
841 g of potassium bromide
2825ml with water
(D1 solution)
Ossein gelatin 121g
2040 ml of water
HO (CH2CH2O)n[CH (CHThree) CH2O]17(CH2CH2O)m
H (n + m = 5-7) 10% methanol solution 5.70 ml
(E1 liquid)
1.75N potassium bromide aqueous solution Silver potential control amount
Using a mixing stirrer described in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 58-58288, 475.0 ml each of the B1 liquid and the C1 liquid were added to the A1 liquid at 35 ° C. by the simultaneous mixing method in 2.0 minutes to perform nucleation.
[0051]
After the addition of the B1 and C1 liquids, the temperature of the A1 liquid is raised to 60 ° C. over 60 minutes, the entire amount of the D1 liquid is added, the pH is adjusted to 5.5 with a KOH 3% aqueous solution, and the B1 and C1 liquids are added again. Were added at a rate of 55.4 ml / min for 42 minutes each. During this period, the E1 solution was used to control the silver potential (measured with a silver ion selective electrode using a saturated silver-silver chloride electrode as a comparison electrode) to be +8 mV and +30 mV.
[0052]
After completion of the addition, the pH was adjusted to 6.0 with a 3% aqueous solution of KOH, and immediately after desalting and washing with water, a seed emulsion was obtained. When this seed emulsion was observed with an electron microscope, 90% or more of the total projected area of the silver halide grains consisted of hexagonal tabular grains having a maximum adjacent side ratio of 1.0 to 2.0, and the average thickness of the hexagonal tabular grains was Was 0.090 μm and the average equivalent circle diameter was 0.510 μm.
[0053]
The obtained seed emulsion was brought to 53 ° C. and spectral sensitizing dye A (anhydride of 5,5′-dichloro-9-ethyl-3,3′-di- (3-sulfopropyl) oxacarbocyanine sodium salt) 450 mg Spectral sensitizing dye B (5,5'-di- (butoxycarbonyl) -1,1'-di-ethyl-3,3'-di- (4-sulfobutyl) benzimidazolocarbocyanine sodium anhydride) After adding 8 mg as a solid fine particle dispersion, 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-1,3,3a, 7-tetrazaindene (TAI) 60 mg, adenine 15 mg, ammonium thiocyanate 50 mg, chloroauric acid 2.5 mg And an aqueous solution containing 5.0 mg of sodium thiosulfate, a silver iodide fine grain emulsion (average grain size 0.05 μm) equivalent to 5 mmol, triphenylphosphine selenide 6.0 g dispersion were added, and subjected to aging for 2 hours 30 minutes total. At the end of aging, 750 mg of TAI was added as a stabilizer.
[0054]
The solid fine particle dispersion of the spectral sensitizing dye was prepared by adding the dye to water at 27 ° C. and using a high-speed stirrer (dissolver) at 3500 r. p. m. And stirred for 30-120 minutes. The dispersion of triphenylphosphine selenide was prepared by adding 120 g of triphenylphosphine selenide into 30 kg of ethyl acetate at 50 ° C. and stirring to completely dissolve, while dissolving 3.8 kg of gelatin in 38 kg of pure water. To this, 93 g of 25% by weight aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate was added, and these two solutions were mixed and mixed at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes at a dispersion blade peripheral speed of 40 m / sec with a high-speed stirring disperser having a 10 cm diameter dissolver. The mixture was dispersed, and then rapidly decompressed to remove ethyl acetate while stirring until the residual concentration of ethyl acetate was 0.3% by weight or less, and diluted with pure water to obtain 80 kg.
[0055]
<< Preparation of Emulsion Em-2 >>
Emulsion Em-2 comprising tabular silver iodobromide grains was prepared using Emulsion Em-1 as a seed emulsion and the following solution.
[0056]
(A2 liquid)
Ossein gelatin 19.04g
HO (CH2CH2O)n[CH (CHThree) CH2O]17(CH2CH2O)m
H (n + m = 5-7) 10% methanol solution 2.00 ml
Potassium iodide 7.00g
Em-1 equivalent to 1.55 mol
Finish to 2800ml with water
(B2 liquid)
Potassium bromide 1493g
Finish to 3585ml with water
(C2 liquid)
Silver nitrate 2131g
Finish to 3585ml with water
(D2 liquid)
Equivalent to 0.028 mol of fine grain emulsion (*) consisting of 3% gelatin and silver iodide grains (average grain size 0.05 μm)
* Into a 6.64 liter gelatin aqueous solution containing 0.06 mole potassium iodide and 2 liter each of an aqueous solution containing 7.06 mole silver nitrate and 7.06 mole potassium iodide over 10 minutes. Added. During the fine particle formation, the pH was controlled at 2.0 using nitric acid, and the temperature was controlled at 40 ° C. After particle formation, the pH was adjusted to 6.0 using an aqueous sodium carbonate solution.
[0057]
The A2 liquid was vigorously stirred while maintaining the temperature at 55 ° C. in the reaction vessel, and half of each of the B2 liquid and C2 liquid was added over 35 minutes by the simultaneous mixing method. During this time, the pH was kept at 5.8. The pH was adjusted to 8.8 with a 1% aqueous KOH solution, and the B2, C2, and D2 solutions were added by the simultaneous mixing method until the D2 solution disappeared. The pH was adjusted to 6.0 with a 0.3% citric acid aqueous solution, and the remaining amounts of the B2 liquid and the C2 liquid were added by a simultaneous mixing method over 25 minutes. During this time, pAg was kept at 8.9. The addition rates of the B2 solution and the C2 solution were changed in a function manner according to the critical growth rate to suppress the generation of small particles and polydispersion due to Ostwald ripening.
[0058]
After completion of addition, desalting, washing with water and redispersion were performed in the same manner as Em-1, and after redispersion, the pH was adjusted to 5.80 and pAg to 8.2 at 40 ° C.
[0059]
When the obtained silver halide emulsion was observed with an electron microscope, the average equivalent circle diameter was 0.91 μm, the average thickness was 0.23 μm, the average aspect ratio was 4.0, and the width of the grain size distribution [(standard of grain size distribution Deviation / average grain size) × 100] The emulsion was composed of 20.5% tabular silver halide grains.
[0060]
The obtained emulsion was brought to 47 ° C., silver iodide fine grain emulsion (average particle diameter 0.05 μm) equivalent to 5 mmol, 390 mg of spectral sensitizing dye A and 4 mg of spectral sensitizing dye B were added as a solid fine particle dispersion. Later, an aqueous solution containing 10 mg of adenine, 50 mg of ammonium thiocyanate, 2.0 mg of chloroauric acid and 3.3 mg of sodium thiosulfate, and a dispersion of 4.0 mg of triphenylphosphine selenide were added and aged for a total of 2 hours 30 minutes. gave. At the end of aging, 750 mg of TAI was added as a stabilizer.
[0061]
A sample was prepared with the following formulation using an emulsion prepared by mixing Em-1 and Em-2 in a weight ratio of 6: 4.
[0062]
<< Sample preparation >>
On both sides of a 175 μm-thick polyethylene terephthalate film base colored blue with a concentration of 0.15, the amount of silver applied on one side in the order of crossover cut layer, emulsion layer, intermediate layer and protective layer is as follows: .8g / m2Protective layer gelatin amount 0.4g / m2Intermediate layer gelatin amount 0.4 g / m2Emulsion layer gelatin amount 1.5g / m2, Crossover cut layer gelatin amount 0.2g / m2The sample was applied so as to become Sample No. 1 was produced.
[0063]
[0064]
[Chemical 9]
[0065]
[Chemical Formula 10]
[0066]
Embedded image
[0067]
Embedded image
[0068]
As shown in Table 2, No. 1 was changed except that the type of latex, the added layer and the added amount were changed. No. 1 as in No. 1. 2-No. 14 was produced.
[0069]
《Preparation of fluorescent intensifying screen》
Gd2O2S: Tb phosphor (average particle size 1.8 μm) 200 g
20g polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer
[Sumitomo Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd .: Demolac TPKL-5-2625 (solid content 40%)]
Nitrocellulose (digestibility 11.5%) 2g
A methyl ethyl ketone solvent was added to the composition consisting of the above, and dispersed with a propeller mixer to prepare a coating solution for forming a phosphor layer having a viscosity of 25 ps (25 ° C.) (binder / phosphor = 1/22).
[0070]
Further, 90 g (solid content) of a soft acrylic resin and 50 g of nitrocellulose were added as a coating solution for forming an undercoat layer, and methyl ethyl ketone was dispersed and mixed to prepare a dispersion having a viscosity of 3 to 6 cps (25 ° C.).
[0071]
A 250 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate support kneaded with titanium dioxide is placed horizontally on a glass plate, and a coating solution for forming an undercoat layer is applied uniformly using a doctor blade, and then gradually from 25 ° C. to 100 ° C. The temperature was raised to dryness to form an undercoat layer having a thickness of 15 μm.
[0072]
On top of this, a phosphor forming coating solution was uniformly applied at a film thickness of 240 μm using a doctor blade, and after drying, 800 kgw / cm using a calendar roll.2Compression was carried out at 80 ° C.
[0073]
Further, a transparent protective layer having a thickness of 3 μm is formed by the method described in Example 1 of JP-A-6-75097 to produce a fluorescent intensifying screen comprising a support, an undercoat layer, a phosphor layer, and a transparent protective layer. did.
[0074]
<Evaluation>
The sensitivity and pressure resistance of each sample obtained were evaluated as follows.
[0075]
(sensitivity)
Each sample is sandwiched between the produced fluorescent intensifying screens, irradiated with X-rays through a penetrometer type B manufactured by Konica Medical Co., Ltd., and SR-DF processing solution (same as above) by an automatic processor SRX-503 manufactured by Konica Co., Ltd. Then, processing is performed at a development temperature of 35 ° C. for 45 seconds Dry to dry. At this time, the sensitivity is the reciprocal of the X-ray dose necessary to obtain the fog density +1.0. The relative sensitivity was evaluated with a sensitivity of 1 being 100.
[0076]
<Evaluation of pressure resistance in liquid>
In a dark room, the rubber roller b with a smooth surface is wrapped 180 ° inside the B surface of the sample, and the A surface of the sample is sandwiched with a rubber roller a whose surface is intentionally roughed at an arbitrary pressure. Pass once. Thereafter, development processing is performed to visually determine the pressure fog occurrence level. The pressure sandwiched between the rollers is comparative sample No. Adjust in advance so that the pressure fog level of 1 is 3.
[0077]
The pressure fog level is better as the numerical value is larger, and is a level at which 5 does not occur at all.
[0078]
Sample No. 1-No. The results obtained for 14 are shown in Table 2. (In the table, Em: emulsion layer, Pro: protective layer)
[0079]
[Table 2]
[0080]
Table 2 shows the following.
[0081]
The weight of the active methylene group-containing latex polymerized in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer having isoprenesulfonic acid or a salt thereof as a monomer unit unit and the latex having an active methylene group relative to the binder is 1 to 40% by weight. No. of the present invention. 2-9 are No.2. Relative sensitivity and liquid pressure resistance are improved with respect to 1,10-14.
[0082]
In addition, about the transparency of the sample after a development process, sample No. containing the latex of this invention is used. 2-9 are No.2. Compared with 1 and 10-14, no decrease in transparency was observed.
[0083]
Example 2
<< Preparation of Emulsion EM-3 >>
(A3 liquid)
Ossein gelatin 37.5g
Potassium iodide 0.625g
Sodium chloride 16.5g
Make 7500 ml with distilled water
(B3 liquid)
Silver nitrate 1500g
Make up to 2500 ml with distilled water
(C3 liquid)
Potassium iodide 4g
Sodium chloride 140g
Make up to 684 ml with distilled water
(D3 liquid)
Sodium chloride 375g
Make up to 1816 ml with distilled water
The A3 liquid was put into a mixing stirrer described in JP-B-58-58288, and 684 ml of the B3 liquid and the total amount of the C3 liquid were added to this at 40 ° C. over 1 minute. Silver potential EAgWas maintained at 149 mV for 20 minutes while Ostwald ripening was carried out, and then the entire remaining amount of B3 solution and the entire amount of D3 solution were added over 40 minutes, and then immediately desalted and washed with water to obtain seed emulsion EM-3.
[0084]
When the obtained silver halide seed emulsion was observed with an electron microscope, 60% or more of the total projected area of the silver halide grains consisted of tabular grains having the (100) plane as the main plane, and the average thickness was 0.07 μm. The average equivalent circle diameter was 0.5 μm, and the coefficient of variation (standard deviation of particle size distribution × 100 / average particle size) was 25%.
[0085]
<< Preparation of high silver chloride emulsion EM-4 >>
Using emulsion EM-3 as a seed emulsion, emulsion EM-4 comprising tabular high silver chloride grains was prepared using the following solution.
[0086]
(A4 liquid)
Ossein gelatin 29.4g
HO (CH2CH2O)n[CH (CHThree) CH2O]17(CH2CH2O)mH
(N + m = 5-7) 10% methanol solution 1.25 ml
EM-3 0.98 mol equivalent
Finish with water to 3000 ml.
[0087]
(B4 liquid)
3. 50N silver nitrate aqueous solution 2240ml
(C4 liquid)
455g sodium chloride
Finish to 2240 ml with distilled water.
[0088]
(D4 liquid)
1.75N sodium chloride aqueous solution Silver potential control amount
Charge the A4 liquid into the mixing stirrer, and take it for 40 minutes at 40 ° C so that the total amount of the B4 liquid and C4 liquid is doubled by the double jet method so that the flow rate at the end of addition is three times the flow rate at the start of addition. Added and grown.
[0089]
During this period, the silver potential was controlled to +120 mV using the D4 solution.
[0090]
After the addition was completed, precipitation desalting was performed by the method shown below in order to remove excess salts.
[0091]
1. After the mixing, the reaction solution is brought to 40 ° C., 20 g of the exemplified agglomerated gelatin agent G-3 described in JP-A-2-7037 is added per mole of silver halide, and the pH is adjusted to 4.30 by adding 56 wt% acetic acid. Decrease, let stand and decant
2. Add 1.8 liters of pure water at 40 ° C per mole of silver halide, stir for 10 minutes, and then decantate
3. Repeat step 2 above
4). Add 15 g of gelatin per mole of silver halide, sodium carbonate and water, re-disperse to pH 6.0 and finish to 450 cc per mole of silver halide.
[0092]
When about 3000 silver halide grains contained in the obtained emulsion EM-4 were observed with an electron microscope, 80% of the total projected area had an average equivalent circle diameter of 1.17 μm with the (100) plane as the main plane, It was a silver halide tabular grain having an average thickness of 0.12 μm, and the coefficient of variation was 24%.
[0093]
The obtained emulsion EM-4 was brought to 55 ° C., and silver iodide fine grain emulsion (average grain size 0.05 μm) equivalent to 5 mmol, spectral sensitizing dye (1) 250 mg and spectral sensitizing dye (2) 30 mg in the form of solid fine particles After adding as a dispersion, a dispersion of 2.0 mg of ammonium thiocyanate, 1.0 mg of chloroauric acid and 1.0 mg of triphenylphosphine selenide was added, and aging was performed for a total of 90 minutes. At the end of ripening, 50 mg of TAI was added as a stabilizer to prepare an emulsion.
[0094]
Embedded image
[0095]
<< Sample preparation >>
Sample No. 4 was changed except that the silver halide emulsion was changed to EM-4. In the same manner as in Sample 1, 15 was produced. Sample No. As shown in Table 3, latex was added to the emulsion layers on both sides, and Sample No. 16-26 were produced.
[0096]
<Scratch pressure resistance evaluation>
Place an unexposed sample on a flat surface, place a sponge scrubber stretched on a plate on the surface so that the rubbed surface touches the sensitive material, and place a weight of 300 g on it, and fix the sensitive material on the flat surface and the sponge. I pulled it out from the space.
[0097]
Such a sample was subjected to development processing, and the degree of fog generation was evaluated in five stages.
[0098]
5: Not generated at all
4: Slightly recognized in some areas
3: Slightly occurring in the whole
2: It occurs in the whole, and part is badly generated
1: It is badly generated in the whole.
[0099]
Sample No. 15-No. The results obtained for 26 are shown in Table 3.
[0100]
[Table 3]
[0101]
Table 3 shows the following.
[0102]
The weight of the active methylene group-containing latex polymerized in the presence of a hydrophilic polymer having isoprenesulfonic acid or a salt thereof as a monomer unit unit and the latex having an active methylene group relative to the binder is 1 to 40% by weight. No. of the present invention. 16-21 are No. 15 and 22 to 26, relative sensitivity and resistance to scratching pressure are improved.
[0103]
In addition, about the transparency of the sample after a development process, sample No. containing the latex of this invention is used. 16-21 are No. As compared with 15, 22-26, no decrease in transparency was observed.
[0104]
【The invention's effect】
As demonstrated in the Examples, the latex according to the present invention and the sheet-like material using the latex have excellent film properties (pressure in liquid, scratch pressure, transparency) and have excellent effects.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32202298A JP3650876B2 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1998-11-12 | Latex and sheet material using the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31192697 | 1997-11-13 | ||
| JP9-311926 | 1997-11-13 | ||
| JP32202298A JP3650876B2 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1998-11-12 | Latex and sheet material using the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11222537A JPH11222537A (en) | 1999-08-17 |
| JP3650876B2 true JP3650876B2 (en) | 2005-05-25 |
Family
ID=26566946
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32202298A Expired - Fee Related JP3650876B2 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1998-11-12 | Latex and sheet material using the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3650876B2 (en) |
-
1998
- 1998-11-12 JP JP32202298A patent/JP3650876B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH11222537A (en) | 1999-08-17 |
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