JP3651776B2 - Aircraft detection system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aircraft detection system that detects the presence or absence of an aircraft that passes a moving path such as an airfield runway or taxiway.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in this type of aircraft detection system, a transmitter is installed on one side of a moving path such as a runway or a taxiway on which the aircraft moves, and a receiver is installed on the other side, so that the moving aircraft transmits By shutting off the signal from the receiver and the receiver, a shut-off method for detecting the aircraft, or generating a pulse signal, and when the pulse signal is reflected from the aircraft as a moving object, depending on the reception time of the reflected pulse A pulse reflection type for detecting the position of a moving body is known.
[0003]
However, since the above-described blocking method requires an arithmetic device that performs signal processing on both the transmitter and the receiver and means for communicating with the host equipment, the cost burden is large.
[0004]
Further, when a signal having a frequency of several hundred MHZ to several tens of GHZ is used as a transmission wave in the cutoff method, the wavelength is several meters to several centimeters. Therefore, interference between the incident wave and the reflected wave occurs, and the detection capability may be reduced due to the interference.
[0005]
Furthermore, when the transmitter and the receiver are installed outdoors, vibrations act on the transmitter and the receiver due to the influence of wind, etc., and the combined wave of the incident wave and the reflected wave is determined from the relationship between the signal reflection position and the reception position. May become zero, and the detection capability may also decrease.
[0006]
Further, if the transmitting antenna, the mobile aircraft, and the receiving antenna are not oriented in the same direction, the receiving sensitivity is lowered. In particular, a transmission signal in a frequency band of several hundred MHz to several tens GHZ having high straightness is used. In this case, depending on the orientation of the aircraft that is the moving body, the reflected wave may not return to the receiving unit, and the detection capability may be reduced in this respect as well.
[0007]
On the other hand, in the pulse reflection system, the energy state of the transmitted pulse wave is not stable, so that reliable detection is difficult, and a configuration for stabilization is required, which also increases costs.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The objective of this invention is providing the aircraft detection system which can detect the aircraft which is a moving body with high precision, without causing a cost increase.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 to solve the above described problems is the system for detecting the aircraft of the moving path based on the reflected waves from the aircraft transmits a radio wave toward a moving path of the aircraft is moving, before disposed on one side along the extending direction of the serial movement path, change the sensor for receiving a reflected wave transmits a radio wave so as to intersect the extending direction of the travel path, the transmission angle of the transmitted wave from the sensor this Means for generating at least three signals having different frequencies, one of the three signals by this means as a reference signal, and each of the other two signals as the reference signal. And a means for transmitting two transmission signals modulated in accordance with the above.
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the sensor according to the first aspect scans the vertical polarization of the transmission wave in the X-axis direction on the absolute coordinate, and the horizontal polarization of the transmission wave indicates the Z on the absolute coordinate. A means for scanning in the axial direction is provided.
[0011]
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the sensor according to claim 1 comprises means for scanning at the time of transmission an intermediate polarization between vertical polarization and horizontal polarization.
[0012]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the apparatus further includes a reflecting plate provided on the other side of the moving path.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the reflector in claim 4 is a retroreflector.
[0014]
The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the reflector in claim 4 includes a corner cube.
[0016]
The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6 includes means for cyclically changing a plurality of transmission signal patterns and transmitting the same.
[0017]
The invention according to claim 8 closes the receiving operation so that the sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 7 does not receive the reflected signal at a predetermined time when the reflecting plate is not used. When used, it comprises means for capturing only the reflected signal within a predetermined time according to the distance between the sensor and the reflector.
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the system that detects the aircraft on the moving path based on the reflected wave from the aircraft and transmits the radio wave toward the moving path on which the aircraft moves, along the extending direction of the moving path A sensor provided on one side for transmitting a radio wave so as to cross the extending direction of the moving path and receiving a reflected wave; means for changing a transmission angle of a transmitted wave from the sensor; A retroreflecting plate provided on the side, and the sensor includes means for capturing only a reflected signal within a predetermined time according to the distance between the sensor and the retroreflecting plate.
The invention according to claim 10 is characterized in that the sensor according to claim 9 includes means for cyclically changing a plurality of transmission signal patterns to transmit.
[0018]
According to the first aspect of the invention, by changing the transmission angle, it becomes possible to detect an aircraft without being affected by interference caused by reflection and the direction of spreading of the reflecting surface, and by configuring the transmitter / receiver integrally. Cost reduction is achieved. In addition, even if one of the two transmission signals is canceled out by the standing wave, the reflected wave can be received by the other transmission signal, so the aircraft can be detected with high accuracy. It becomes.
[0019]
According to the invention of claim 2, since scanning is performed with two waves of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, it is possible to eliminate the influence of the reflecting surface shape of the aircraft.
[0020]
According to the invention of claim 3, since the sensor uses one wave of intermediate polarization for transmission, the sensor can have a simple configuration.
[0021]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the strength of the received signal is further increased by using the reflector, and the aircraft is detected by the absence of the signal level when the aircraft passes and the presence of the signal level when the aircraft does not pass. It becomes possible.
[0022]
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, since a radio wave can be reflected in the same direction as the incident angle to a reflecting plate using a retroreflecting plate as a reflecting plate, the aircraft which exists in this direction is highly accurate. Can be detected.
[0023]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since a corner cube is used as a reflecting plate and radio waves can be reflected in a direction different from the incident method to the reflecting plate, an aircraft can be detected with high accuracy over a wide range. Is possible.
[0025]
According to the seventh and tenth aspects of the present invention, it is possible to determine the state of the detection operation by cyclically changing a plurality of transmission signals.
[0026]
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, unnecessary information is not acquired at the time of reception, so that the aircraft can be detected with high accuracy.
According to the invention of claim 9, the same effect as that of the inventions of claims 1, 5, 8 can be achieved.
[0027]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of an aircraft detection system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 1, the aircraft detection system of the present embodiment is composed of an upper side, which is a central monitoring room 100 having an operator console and a monitoring control panel, and a local side. A radio wave is transmitted toward the vehicle, and the presence or absence of the aircraft 300 on the moving path is detected based on a reflected wave from the aircraft 300.
[0029]
As a configuration on the local side, a power supply device 1 such as an airport lighting facility (not shown) such as a CCR, a bypass filter 2, an SBL master station 3, a master station dedicated CT 4, a rubber transformer 5, an SBL slave station 6, The lamp 7 includes a rubber transformer 8, a sensor slave station 9, and an antenna 10.
[0030]
The signal transmitted from the sensor slave station 9 and the antenna 10 constituting the transmission / reception unit is transmitted by rotating the vertically polarized wave around the X axis on the absolute coordinate as shown in FIG. A method of transmitting the horizontally polarized wave as shown by rotating it around the Z axis on the absolute coordinate is adopted. Vertical polarization is strong against reflections tilted in the Z-axis direction on absolute coordinates, and horizontal polarization is strong against reflections tilted in the X-axis direction on absolute coordinates. Depending on how the aircraft 300 enters the road, vertical polarization and / or horizontal polarization can be used for transmission as appropriate.
[0031]
Further, when the horizontal / vertical polarization shown in FIG. 4 having both of these two polarization characteristics is used for transmission, it is possible to configure a single transmission unit, which contributes to cost reduction. Become.
[0032]
In addition, since it is rare that the surface of a moving body such as the aircraft 300 spreads in the same direction with respect to the transmission / reception unit, the surface opposite to one side along the extending direction of the moving path provided with the transmission / reception unit In general, when the aircraft 300 does not block the transmission path, a stable reception level can be secured. The reflection plate may be a flat metal plate as long as it reflects radio waves, but preferably a retroreflection plate or the like is used. The retroreflecting plate can receive more efficiently than the metal flat plate.
[0033]
In FIG. 5, a corner cube 23 is shown as a reflector, and the transmitting antenna 21 and the receiving antenna 22 are opposed to the corner cube 23. When this corner cube 23 is used as a reflector, the transmission direction of the radio wave coincides with the reflection direction. However, since the transmission path and the reflection path are different, the interference between the transmission wave and the reflected wave is reduced, and the detection accuracy is improved. Improvement can be expected.
[0034]
One sensor slave station 9 constitutes a transmission / reception unit, and a detailed configuration example thereof is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, it consists of a sensor transmission circuit 201, a sensor reception circuit 202, an arithmetic circuit 203, and a host communication modem 204.
[0035]
The host communication modem 204 returns the current state in response to the monitoring control command from the master station 1 in FIG. 1, and has a host master communication transmission circuit 204A and a host master communication reception circuit 204B. . The sensor transmission circuit 201 and the sensor reception circuit 202 perform transmission and reception of reflected waves.
[0036]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when using a reflector 24 with a plurality of corner cubes attached thereto, the signal is obtained by changing the transmission angle in consideration of the shaking of a structure such as a casing constituting the sensor 9. Scan. At this time, as described above, it is preferable to swing the horizontally polarized wave in the Z-axis direction on the absolute coordinate and the vertically polarized wave in the X-axis direction on the absolute coordinate. When horizontal / vertical polarized waves are used, it is preferable that the signal is waved in the X plane-Z plane.
[0037]
Depending on the positions of the transmission unit and the reception unit in the sensor 9, the reception unit may be positioned at 0 point of the standing wave as shown in FIG. For example, when the transmission signal is several tens of GHZ, the 0 point is generated at intervals of several millimeters. However, in order to avoid the 0 point, it is preferable to shake the signal as described above.
[0038]
In the signal processing in the arithmetic circuit 203, as shown in FIG. 9, after the sensor is started up, the reference wave is always started up during a gate application period in which detection is not performed or during signal transmission. This is because, even when a detection command is suddenly given, the carrier is always started, so that the transmission level is made constant and a certain detection capability is secured.
[0039]
Data transmission is performed using two waves of a 1 wave and a 0 wave as transmission signals. As shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of signal patterns (in the figure, four patterns) are provided, and transmission is performed while cyclically updating these signal patterns.
[0040]
When a reflector is used, the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is fixed, and the transmission speed is determined according to the distance. Therefore, the circuit configuration is such that the reception gate is opened only within a certain range as shown in FIG. Therefore, reflections other than the reflection plate, such as reflection by the aircraft 300, are not received. In this case, when performing transmission using horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, the transmission frequency and transmission data are the same, and a transmission order such as transmission of vertical polarization after transmission of horizontal polarization is given. To do.
[0041]
FIG. 12 shows a detection method when a reflector is used, and mainly shows the operation of the arithmetic circuit 203 in FIG.
[0042]
When the reflector is not used, as shown in FIG. 13, the aircraft 300 itself serves as a reflector. Normally, when there is no aircraft 300, no signal is received and the reflector is not conscious. Therefore, the signal swing can be increased. An example shown in FIG. 15 is an example of a receiving gate when no reflector is used.
[0043]
In the signal processing of the arithmetic circuit 203 when no reflector is used, step S12 and step S17 in FIG. 12 showing the arithmetic method when the reflector is provided are replaced with step S12 ′ and step S17 ′. As shown in FIG. 16, the reference wave is transmitted in a transmittable state in steps S1 and S2, and the sensor is moved toward the moving path while changing the signal swing angle α together with the selection of the transmission pattern in steps S3 to S9. Radio waves of two frequencies (0 wave / 1 wave) are transmitted.
[0044]
Subsequent to the transmission operation described above, reception and determination operations are performed in steps S10 to S18. That is, in steps S10 to S12, if the received signal is not detected at all angles, the aircraft is detected as not detected. In steps S13 to S18, if the received signal is detected, the transmitted signal pattern is reproduced. When one of the patterns is normally received, it is detected that the aircraft has passed or a sensor abnormality is detected.
[0045]
In this embodiment, central monitoring and control are performed by a central operator console, and one master station is normally connected to one power supply device, and monitoring control of each master station is performed by a monitoring control panel. Yes. Communication between the master station and the slave station is performed by means such as a signal line or a power line carrier. When the sensor determines that the aircraft 300 has passed the travel path, the master station performs lighting ON / OFF control based on this information.
[0046]
When a reflector is used, there is always reception, and when the aircraft 300 passes, there is no reception. For this reason, a signal must be received without the aircraft 300, and the transmitter scans the signal at a fixed angle α and uses two frequencies (0 wave / 1 wave). The reception data is prevented from being canceled at the reception point due to the interference between the incident wave and the reflected wave.
[0047]
In the processing of the arithmetic circuit 203, as shown in FIG. 12, the transmission unit transmits the same data within the same scanning cycle. Every time data is received, the receiving unit demodulates the data with each of 0 wave / 1 wave and determines whether or not even one data can be received within the same scanning period.
[0048]
If no data is acquired within the same scanning cycle, it is determined that there is no detection, and if data is received even once, it is determined that the aircraft 300 has passed.
[0049]
Further, the data is analyzed, and if the data is not updated cyclically, it is detected that the sensor is abnormal.
[0050]
On the other hand, when the aircraft 300 is detected by reflection of the fuselage of the aircraft 300 without using the reflector, the transmission processing is the same, but the aircraft 300 is in a case where even one data can be received within the same scanning cycle. If it is determined that the data has passed and data has been received even once, it is determined that there is no detection.
[0051]
In addition, in this embodiment, regardless of whether a reflector is used or not, the reception gate is controlled to be opened and closed by signal processing, so that irregular information capture is suppressed and high-precision detection is possible. It becomes.
[0052]
In the system configuration shown in FIG. 1, the state of the lights / sensors displayed on the operator console of the central monitoring room shown in FIG. 1 is displayed based on information from the monitoring control panel that monitors the lights / sensors. This supervisory control panel is a collection of information obtained from the slave stations by the master station installed for each power supply of each airfield lighting facility.
[0053]
In the present embodiment, the passage of a moving object such as the aircraft 300 is detected and the information at the time of passage is transmitted to the host, and the communication means between the master station and the slave station is not specified at all. is there.
[0054]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to perform remote operation from the operator console placed in the central monitoring room without actually investigating the state of the lights / sensors, and to perform communication processing. It is also possible to control the lights in a lump by controlling the lights / sensors at the center and controlling the lights based on the sensor information to enable automatic operation of the airfield. This automatic operation of the airport makes it possible to reduce the cost of operation of the airport.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, radio waves are transmitted and received from one side of the moving path and the transmission angle is changed without providing a transmitting unit and a receiving unit so as to sandwich the moving path. In addition, it is possible to provide an aircraft detection system that is prevented from being affected by interference due to reflection and the spreading direction of the reflecting surface.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an aircraft detection system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a waveform example of vertical polarization.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a waveform example of horizontal polarization.
FIG. 4 is a view showing waveform examples of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of signal reflection by a corner cube.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a sensor.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the shaking of the transmitter and the reflector.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a synthesis example of incident waves and reflected waves.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of timing processing of an arithmetic processing unit.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of signal patterns.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a reception gate interval at the time of signal pattern transmission.
FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing example of an arithmetic circuit when a reflecting plate is used.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example when no reflector is used.
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a timing chart when a reflecting plate is not used.
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a reception gate when a reflecting plate is not used.
FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a processing example of an arithmetic circuit when no reflector is used.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 CCR (power supply)
2 Bypass filter 3 SBL master station 4 Master station dedicated CT
5 Rubber transformer 6 SBL slave station 7 Light 8 Rubber transformer 9 Sensor slave station 100 Central monitoring room

Claims (10)

In the system for detecting the aircraft on the moving path based on the reflected wave from the aircraft while transmitting radio waves toward the moving path on which the aircraft moves,
A sensor that is provided on one side along the extending direction of the moving path, transmits a radio wave so as to cross the extending direction of the moving path, and receives a reflected wave;
Means for changing the transmission angle of the transmission wave from the sensor ,
The sensor generates at least three signals having different frequencies, and two transmission signals obtained by modulating one of the three signals by the means as a reference signal and modulating the other two signals by the reference signal. An aircraft detection system comprising means for transmitting .   The sensor includes means for scanning vertical polarization of the transmission wave in the X-axis direction on absolute coordinates and scanning horizontal polarization of the transmission wave in the Z-axis direction on absolute coordinates. The aircraft detection system according to claim 1.   2. The aircraft detection system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor includes means for scanning an intermediate polarization between a vertical polarization and a horizontal polarization in transmission.   The aircraft detection system according to claim 1, further comprising a reflector provided on the other side of the moving path.   The aircraft detection system according to claim 4, wherein the reflector is a retroreflector.   The aircraft detection system according to claim 4, wherein the reflector includes a corner cube. The aircraft detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the sensor includes means for cyclically changing a plurality of transmission signal patterns. The sensor closes the receiving operation so as not to receive a reflected signal at a predetermined time when a reflecting plate is not used, and within a predetermined time according to the distance between the sensor and the reflecting plate when a reflecting plate is used. The aircraft detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , further comprising means for capturing only a reflected signal. In the system for detecting the aircraft on the moving path based on the reflected wave from the aircraft while transmitting radio waves toward the moving path on which the aircraft moves,
  A sensor that is provided on one side along the extending direction of the moving path, transmits a radio wave so as to cross the extending direction of the moving path, and receives a reflected wave;
  Means for changing the transmission angle of the transmission wave from the sensor;
  A retroreflector provided on the other side of the moving path;
  Comprising
  The aircraft detection system, wherein the sensor includes means for capturing only a reflected signal within a predetermined time according to a distance between the sensor and the retroreflective plate. 10. The aircraft detection system according to claim 9, wherein the sensor comprises means for cyclically changing a plurality of transmission signal patterns.

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