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JP3658428B2 - Method for producing hollow molded article and hollow molded article - Google Patents
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JP3658428B2 - Method for producing hollow molded article and hollow molded article - Google Patents

Method for producing hollow molded article and hollow molded article Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3658428B2
JP3658428B2 JP13309195A JP13309195A JP3658428B2 JP 3658428 B2 JP3658428 B2 JP 3658428B2 JP 13309195 A JP13309195 A JP 13309195A JP 13309195 A JP13309195 A JP 13309195A JP 3658428 B2 JP3658428 B2 JP 3658428B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
injection
hollow molded
gas
molding
resin
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JP13309195A
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JPH08323793A (en
Inventor
邦明 川口
薫 山本
茂 根津
恒二 葉
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Polyplastics Co Ltd
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Polyplastics Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/1703Introducing an auxiliary fluid into the mould
    • B29C45/1704Introducing an auxiliary fluid into the mould the fluid being introduced into the interior of the injected material which is still in a molten state, e.g. for producing hollow articles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、射出した溶融樹脂中にガスを注入して中空状成形品を製造するガスアシスト射出成形(以下GAI成形と称する)法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術および発明が解決しようとする課題】
GAI成形は、金型キャビティ内に射出された溶融樹脂中に、射出機の先端に設けられたノズルあるいは金型の一部に配置されたニードルにより窒素等のガスを注入し、成形品を中空状に成形する方法であり、ひけや反りを発生させず軽量でしかも安価に成形品を製造できる等の特徴から、最近特に注目されている成形技術である。
従来、このGAI成形の材料としては、安価で取り扱いが容易であるという点を重視して、PE、PS、PP、ABS、変性PPO等の樹脂が用いられているが、近年では機械的強度や耐熱性の高い樹脂を用いたGAI成形品の要望が高まってきた。
ポリアセタール樹脂は、かかる要望に応え得る樹脂であるが、単にポリアセタール樹脂をGAI成形した場合、金型キャビティ内での溶融樹脂の流動性不良、ガス注入前の溶融樹脂の流動変形、あるいはガス注入前後の金型表面近傍での溶融樹脂の高速固化等を生じやすく、成形品に肌あれ・艶むら等の表面外観不良や金型転写性低下等の問題を起こし、大きな障害となっている。
他方、特開平5−138678号公報では、ポリアセタール樹脂のGAI成形において、金型キャビティの表面温度を高温に保持し成形品肉厚を特定する方法が開示されているが、該方法では、成形品の表面外観不良や金型転写性の改善はいまだ不十分である。
【0003】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、肌荒れ・艶むら等の表面外観不良の少なく、また、金型転写性に優れたGAI成形品をポリアセタール樹脂を用いて得るべく鋭意検討した結果、特定ポリアセタール樹脂を用いてGAI成形することにより上記問題点を解消できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
即ち、本発明は、射出した溶融樹脂中にガスを注入して中空状成形品を製造するガスアシスト射出成形法において、樹脂としてメルトインデックスが40 80(g/10min)のポリアセタール樹脂を用い、且つ溶融樹脂の射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(t)を下記式(1) の範囲に制御して成形することを特徴とする中空成形品の製造方法、ならびに該製造方法により得られる中空成形品に関するものである。
0≦t≦30×(MI)-1+0.4 …(1)
但し、t;射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(sec)
MI;メルトインデックス(g/10min)
【0004】
以下本発明について説明する。
本発明では、ポリアセタール樹脂としてメルトインデックスが30〜100(g/10min)のものを使用することが肝要であり、必須要件である。ここでメルトインデックスはASTM D-1238 に準じ、温度 190℃、荷重2.16kgで測定した値である。メルトインデックスが30(g/10min)よりも小さい場合には、肌あれ・艶むら等の表面外観上好ましくない現象が顕著となり、金型転写性も低下し、またメルトインデッックスが100 (g/10min)よりも大きい場合には、成形品の機械的強度、特に靭性が低下し、いずれの場合も好ましくない。特に好ましいメルトインデックスの範囲は40〜80(g/10min)である。
本発明に用いるポリアセタール樹脂は、メルトインデックスが上記要件を満足するものであればその基本的な分子構造は特に限定されず、オキシメチレンユニットの繰り返しからなるホモポリマー及びオキシメチレンユニットを主たる構成単位としてコモノマー成分を含むコポリマーのいずれを用いることも可能である。本発明においては特にコポリマーが好ましい。
コポリマーの構成成分であるコモノマーとしては、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド、1,3 −ジオキソラン、1,4 −ブタンジオールホルマール、ジエチレングリコールホルマール、トリオキセパン等が好ましくその導入量はその反応性や重合条件等により異なり一義的に決定されるものではないが、ポリアセタールに対し1種または2種以上を合わせてその残基として 0.3〜20重量%の範囲内である。
また、メルトインデックスが上記要件を満足するコポリマーを得るためには、下記一般式(A) で示される低分子量のアセタール化合物をコポリマーの分子量調整剤として用いることが好ましい。
R1O(CH2O)nR2 (A)
(但し、nは1〜10の整数であり、R1、R2は炭素数1〜5のアルキル基であり、R1、R2は各々同一でも異なっていてもよい。)
式(A) で示される低分子量のアセタール化合物としては、メチラール、メトキシメチラール、ジメトキシメチラール、トリメトキシメチラール、オキシメチレンジ−n−ブチルエーテル等が挙げられ、特にメチラールが好ましい。その導入量は、その反応性や重合条件等により異なり、一義的に決定されるものではないが、ポリアセタールに対し1種又は2種以上を合わせて0.05〜0.3 重量%の範囲内である。
また、本発明に用いるポリアセタール樹脂はリニアタイプ、分岐・架橋タイプのいずれでもよく、ポリマーアロイとすることも勿論可能である。
【0005】
本発明に用いるポリアセタール樹脂には、本発明の目的を阻害しない限り必要に応じ、一般的な添加剤、例えば染料・顔料等の着色剤、滑剤、可塑剤、核剤、離型剤、帯電防止剤、界面活性剤等の1種または2種以上を配合して使用することができ、また、他の熱可塑性樹脂、あるいは無機または有機の繊維状、粉粒状、板状の充填剤等を補助的に配合した組成物として使用することもできる。
【0006】
本発明のGAI成形においては、従来よりGAI成形に用いられてきた成形機が使用できる。成形条件についても、基本的に特別の制約はない。
本発明において、GAI成形により中空状成形品を製造するにあたっては、先ず、前記の如きメルトインデックスの要件を満たすポリアセタール樹脂の溶融物が、キャビティ内に射出導入される。一般的に成形機のシリンダー温度は180 〜210 ℃であり、溶融樹脂の射出速度は10〜200 ml/sec である。また、金型キャビティの表面温度は通常50〜140 ℃であり、好ましくは60〜105 ℃である。キャビティに対する溶融樹脂の射出充填の割合は、目的とする成形品の中空率等を考慮して適宜決められる。
次に、キャビティ内に射出導入された溶融樹脂中に、成形機のノズルあるいは金型の一部に配置されたニードルから窒素等のガスを注入することにより、目的の中空成形品が得られる。
この操作において、溶融樹脂の射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(t)が長くなるに従って、最終製品の金型転写性が低下する傾向が強くなる。従って、本発明のGAI成形においては、溶融樹脂の射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(t)を下記式(1) の範囲に制御して成形することが好ましく、この範囲内でも下限に近いほうが一層好ましい。
0≦t≦30×(MI)-1+0.4 …(1)
但し、t;射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(sec)
MI;メルトインデックス(g/10min)
また、ガス注入時間は1〜10秒、ガスの実質的な保圧時間は10〜180 秒、注入ガスの圧力は50〜300 kg/cm2 が一般的な条件であるが、これに限定されるものではない。
【0007】
【発明の効果】
本発明のGAI成形による中空状成形品の製造方法は、金型キャビティ内での溶融樹脂の流動性不良、ガス注入前の溶融樹脂の流動変形、あるいはガス圧入前後の金型表面近傍での溶融樹脂の高速固化等を生じにくく、また、本発明の製造方法により得られた中空成形品は、肌あれ・艶むら等の表面外観不良や金型転写性低下等の問題を防止することができ、また、機械的強度や耐熱性にも優れ、各種工業用途に好適である。
【0008】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例1
メルトインデックスが45(g/10min)のポリアセタール樹脂を射出成形機(東芝IS350EW)のシリンダー内で溶融し、キャビティ内に射出速度55ml/sec にて射出した。このときシリンダー温度は 195℃に、金型キャビティ温度は75℃に調整した。樹脂の射出量はキャビティ容積の約80%とした。樹脂の射出完了から0.9sec後に、圧力 150kg/cm2 の圧縮窒素ガスを金型キャビティに配置したニードルから注入して樹脂を膨張させ、金型キャビティ内に転写せしめた。ガス注入時間は6sec 、ガス保圧時間は50sec とした。しかる後、ガスによる圧縮状態を解放し、更に金型を冷却して成形品を取り出した。成形品は肌荒れも艶むらもなく、また、金型転写性も良好であった。
実施例2
メルトインデックスが70(g/10min)のポリアセタール樹脂を用い、溶融樹脂の射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(t)を0.5secとした以外は実施例1と同様にGAI成形を行った。成形品は肌荒れも艶むらもなく、また、金型転写性も良好であった。
比較例1
メルトインデックスが9(g/10min )のポリアセタール樹脂を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にGAI成形を行った。成形品は肌あれや、艶むらが特に目立ち、また、金型転写性も不良であり、商品的価値の低いものであった。
比較例2
メルトインデックスが 120(g/10min)のポリアセタール樹脂を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にGAI成形を行ったが、成形品は靭性に欠け、商品的価値の低いものであった。
比較例
溶融樹脂の射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(t)を2.2secとした以外は実施例1と同様にGAI成形を行った。成形品は肌荒れも艶むらもなく、また、金型転写性は実施例1に比べるとやや劣るものの、ほぼ良好で、実用には耐え得るものであった。
実施例
溶融樹脂の射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(t)を0.4secとした以外は実施例1と同様にGAI成形を行った。成形品は肌荒れも艶むらもなく、また、金型転写性は極めて良好であった。
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a gas-assisted injection molding (hereinafter referred to as GAI molding) method for producing a hollow molded product by injecting a gas into an injected molten resin.
[0002]
[Background Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
In GAI molding, a gas such as nitrogen is injected into the molten resin injected into the mold cavity by a nozzle provided at the tip of the injection machine or a needle disposed at a part of the mold, and the molded product is hollowed out. It is a molding technique that has recently attracted particular attention because it is lightweight and can be produced at low cost without causing sink marks and warpage.
Conventionally, as GAI molding materials, resins such as PE, PS, PP, ABS, and modified PPO have been used with emphasis on being inexpensive and easy to handle. There has been an increasing demand for GAI molded products using resins with high heat resistance.
Polyacetal resin is a resin that can meet such demands. However, when the polyacetal resin is simply GAI molded, poor fluidity of the molten resin in the mold cavity, flow deformation of the molten resin before gas injection, or before and after gas injection This is likely to cause high-speed solidification of the molten resin in the vicinity of the mold surface, causing problems such as surface appearance defects such as skin roughness and uneven luster in the molded product, and deterioration of mold transferability.
On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-138678 discloses a method of specifying the thickness of a molded product by maintaining the surface temperature of a mold cavity at a high temperature in GAI molding of a polyacetal resin. Improvements in surface appearance defects and mold transferability are still insufficient.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to obtain a GAI molded product with less surface appearance defects such as rough skin and uneven glossiness and excellent mold transferability using a polyacetal resin, the present inventors have used GAI using a specific polyacetal resin. It has been found that the above problems can be solved by molding, and the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention uses a polyacetal resin having a melt index of 40 to 80 (g / 10 min) as a resin in a gas-assisted injection molding method for producing a hollow molded product by injecting gas into an injected molten resin. And a method for producing a hollow molded article, characterized in that the time (t) from the completion of injection of the molten resin to the start of gas injection is controlled within the range of the following formula (1), and the hollow obtained by the production method It relates to molded products.
0 ≦ t ≦ 30 × (MI) −1 +0.4… (1)
Where t: time from completion of injection to start of gas injection (sec)
MI: Melt index (g / 10min)
[0004]
The present invention will be described below.
In the present invention, it is important to use a polyacetal resin having a melt index of 30 to 100 (g / 10 min), which is an essential requirement. Here, the melt index is a value measured at a temperature of 190 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kg according to ASTM D-1238. When the melt index is smaller than 30 (g / 10 min), undesirable phenomena on the surface appearance such as rough skin and uneven gloss become remarkable, the mold transferability is lowered, and the melt index is 100 (g / 10 min), the mechanical strength of the molded product, particularly the toughness, is lowered, which is not preferable in any case. A particularly preferred melt index range is 40 to 80 (g / 10 min).
The polyacetal resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited in its basic molecular structure as long as the melt index satisfies the above requirements, and a homopolymer consisting of repeating oxymethylene units and an oxymethylene unit as a main constituent unit. Any copolymer containing a comonomer component can be used. In the present invention, a copolymer is particularly preferable.
As the comonomer that is a component of the copolymer, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-butanediol formal, diethylene glycol formal, trioxepane and the like are preferable, and the amount of introduction varies depending on the reactivity and polymerization conditions. Although not specifically determined, it is within the range of 0.3 to 20% by weight as a residue of one or more of polyacetals.
In order to obtain a copolymer having a melt index satisfying the above requirements, it is preferable to use a low molecular weight acetal compound represented by the following general formula (A) as a molecular weight modifier for the copolymer.
R 1 O (CH 2 O) n R 2 (A)
(However, n is an integer of 1 to 10, R 1 and R 2 are alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different.)
Examples of the low molecular weight acetal compound represented by the formula (A) include methylal, methoxymethylal, dimethoxymethylal, trimethoxymethylal, oxymethylene di-n-butyl ether, and methylal is particularly preferable. The amount of introduction differs depending on the reactivity, polymerization conditions, etc., and is not uniquely determined, but is in the range of 0.05 to 0.3% by weight in combination of one or more with respect to the polyacetal.
The polyacetal resin used in the present invention may be either a linear type or a branched / crosslinked type, and can of course be a polymer alloy.
[0005]
For the polyacetal resin used in the present invention, as long as the purpose of the present invention is not impaired, general additives such as colorants such as dyes and pigments, lubricants, plasticizers, nucleating agents, release agents, antistatic agents are used. Can be used in combination with one or more agents, surfactants, etc., and also assists other thermoplastic resins or inorganic or organic fibrous, granular, plate-like fillers, etc. It can also be used as a formulated composition.
[0006]
In the GAI molding of the present invention, a molding machine conventionally used for GAI molding can be used. There are basically no special restrictions on the molding conditions.
In the present invention, when manufacturing a hollow molded product by GAI molding, first, a melt of polyacetal resin that satisfies the requirements of the melt index as described above is injected into the cavity. Generally, the cylinder temperature of the molding machine is 180 to 210 ° C., and the injection speed of the molten resin is 10 to 200 ml / sec. The surface temperature of the mold cavity is usually 50 to 140 ° C, preferably 60 to 105 ° C. The ratio of the injection filling of the molten resin with respect to the cavity is appropriately determined in consideration of the hollow ratio of the target molded product.
Next, a target hollow molded product is obtained by injecting a gas such as nitrogen into a molten resin injected and introduced into the cavity from a nozzle of a molding machine or a needle disposed in a part of a mold.
In this operation, as the time (t) from the completion of injection of the molten resin to the start of gas injection becomes longer, the tendency of the mold transferability of the final product to decrease becomes stronger. Accordingly, in the GAI molding of the present invention, it is preferable to mold by controlling the time (t) from the completion of the injection of the molten resin to the start of gas injection within the range of the following formula (1). Is more preferable.
0 ≦ t ≦ 30 × (MI) −1 +0.4… (1)
Where t: time from completion of injection to start of gas injection (sec)
MI: Melt index (g / 10min)
In addition, the gas injection time is generally 1 to 10 seconds, the actual pressure holding time of the gas is 10 to 180 seconds, and the pressure of the injection gas is 50 to 300 kg / cm 2. It is not something.
[0007]
【The invention's effect】
The method for producing a hollow molded product by GAI molding according to the present invention is such that the molten resin has poor fluidity in the mold cavity, the molten resin flows before gas injection, or melts near the mold surface before and after gas injection. Resin is unlikely to cause high-speed solidification of the resin, and the hollow molded product obtained by the production method of the present invention can prevent problems such as surface appearance defects such as rough skin and uneven gloss and deterioration of mold transferability. Moreover, it is excellent in mechanical strength and heat resistance and is suitable for various industrial applications.
[0008]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention concretely, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
Example 1
A polyacetal resin having a melt index of 45 (g / 10 min) was melted in a cylinder of an injection molding machine (Toshiba IS350EW) and injected into the cavity at an injection speed of 55 ml / sec. At this time, the cylinder temperature was adjusted to 195 ° C, and the mold cavity temperature was adjusted to 75 ° C. The injection amount of the resin was about 80% of the cavity volume. 0.9 seconds after completion of the resin injection, compressed nitrogen gas having a pressure of 150 kg / cm 2 was injected from a needle disposed in the mold cavity to expand the resin, and transferred it into the mold cavity. The gas injection time was 6 seconds, and the gas holding time was 50 seconds. Thereafter, the compressed state by the gas was released, the mold was further cooled, and the molded product was taken out. The molded product had neither rough skin nor gloss, and good mold transferability.
Example 2
GAI molding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polyacetal resin having a melt index of 70 (g / 10 min) was used and the time (t) from the completion of injection of the molten resin to the start of gas injection was set to 0.5 sec. The molded product had neither rough skin nor gloss, and good mold transferability.
Comparative Example 1
GAI molding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polyacetal resin having a melt index of 9 (g / 10 min) was used. The molded product was particularly conspicuous on the skin and uneven luster, and the mold transferability was poor, and the product had low commercial value.
Comparative Example 2
GAI molding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polyacetal resin having a melt index of 120 (g / 10 min) was used, but the molded product lacked toughness and had low commercial value.
Comparative Example 3
GAI molding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time (t) from the completion of injection of the molten resin to the start of gas injection was set to 2.2 seconds. The molded article had no rough skin and no gloss, and the mold transferability was almost inferior to that of Example 1, but was almost satisfactory and practically acceptable.
Example 3
GAI molding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time (t) from the completion of injection of the molten resin to the start of gas injection was set to 0.4 sec. The molded product was neither rough nor glossy, and the mold transferability was very good.

Claims (2)

射出した溶融樹脂中にガスを注入して中空状成形品を製造するガスアシスト射出成形法において、樹脂としてメルトインデックスが40 80(g/10min)のポリアセタール樹脂を用い、且つ溶融樹脂の射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(t)を下記式(1) の範囲に制御して成形することを特徴とする中空成形品の製造方法。
0≦t≦30×(MI)-1+0.4 …(1)
但し、t;射出完了からガス注入開始までの時間(sec)
MI;メルトインデックス(g/10min)
In the gas-assisted injection molding method in which a gas is injected into the injected molten resin to produce a hollow molded product, a polyacetal resin having a melt index of 40 to 80 (g / 10 min) is used as the resin, and the injection of the molten resin is completed A method for producing a hollow molded product, characterized in that molding is carried out by controlling the time (t) from the start of gas injection to the start of gas injection within the range of the following formula (1).
0 ≦ t ≦ 30 × (MI) −1 +0.4… (1)
Where t: time from completion of injection to start of gas injection (sec)
MI: Melt index (g / 10min)
請求項1記載の製造方法により成形された中空成形品。  A hollow molded article molded by the manufacturing method according to claim 1.
JP13309195A 1995-05-31 1995-05-31 Method for producing hollow molded article and hollow molded article Expired - Fee Related JP3658428B2 (en)

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