JP3658633B2 - Automatic accompaniment device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus that performs automatic accompaniment while changing the constituent sounds of the chords that constitute the accompaniment according to the type of chords input from a keyboard or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in an accompaniment apparatus, for example, an accompaniment pattern indicated by a score in FIG. 9A is stored in a memory, and this accompaniment pattern is a C major as a sounding timing indicated by each note and a chord. But It consists of the pitch of the chord when it is input. In addition, as shown in FIG. 10A, the table in another memory corresponds to the route (root sound) for each semitone for one octave from “C” to “B” and the shift amount. It is remembered. As shown in the rearrangement in FIG. 5B, the shift amount is set to “0” for the shift amount of “C”, and the pitch name of one octave centered on “C” is added to the minus side. It is set in units of semitones so that the absolute value increases as the distance from “C” increases.
[0003]
When the automatic accompaniment is started, the accompaniment patterns stored in the memory are sequentially read out, and accompaniment sounds composed of chords are generated according to the sounding timing and pitch. When a chord other than C major is input by pressing the key, the shift amount corresponding to the root of the chord is read from the table, and the root of the chord of the accompaniment pattern is shifted by this shift amount. The chord constituent sound is also shifted in accordance with this, and the chord having the shifted pitch is generated at the sounding timing of the accompaniment pattern. Therefore, when the chord with the root “F” is pressed, the root “C” of the accompaniment pattern is shifted by +5 semitones because the shift amount of the root “F” is “+5”. “F”, other chord constituent sounds are also shifted, and a chord sound of “F” is generated at the sounding timing. When a chord having the root “G” is pressed, the root “C” of the accompaniment pattern is shifted by −5 semitones because the shift amount of the root “G” is “−5”. As a result, it becomes “G”, and other chord constituent sounds are also shifted, and a chord sound of “G” is generated at the sounding timing. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9B, the key whose key is “F” is pressed at the time point T2, and the code whose root is “G” is pressed at the time point T3. When the key is locked, the chord proceeds C, F, and G as shown.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In this way, in the conventional automatic accompaniment device, the relationship between the route and the shift amount is set in the table in advance, and if the chord is input from the keyboard, it corresponds to the route of the input chord. The chord constituent sound of the designated chord is generated at the timing of the accompaniment pattern by shifting the root of the chord that is the basis of the accompaniment pattern by a certain shift amount. Accordingly, as in the example shown in FIG. 9B, when the codes “F” and “G” are input at the time T2 and the time T3, respectively, +5 semitones with respect to “C” at the time T2, and “ A change of −5 semitones with respect to “C” causes a chord jump of 10 semitones (short 7 degrees) between “F” and “G”. This jumping chord progression is a harmony Study However, it is not a preferable chord progression form in general music, and it is not preferable in terms of audibility.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and an object thereof is to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus that can perform automatic accompaniment without causing a jump in a continuous accompaniment sound. is there.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problem, claim 1 is provided. And 2 In the described invention, an accompaniment pattern consisting of pitches to be generated when predetermined chord information is input. From storage means Reading means for sequentially reading, input means for inputting chord information, and the pitch of the accompaniment pattern read by the reading means is shifted to a pitch corresponding to the root tone in the chord information input by the input means. In the automatic accompaniment apparatus having a shift means, the root of the chord information used for the previous shift by the shift means Note name When , The root of the chord information used for this shift Note name The pitch difference between The frequency of both sounds is small and In the direction Calculation Put out Calculation Out means and this Calculation Way out Calculated by Out Is The pitch difference and the direction When Based on the shift amount at the time of the previous shift, the shift means to be shifted this time by the shift means That Arithmetic means for calculating the shift direction; and control means for causing the shift means to shift the pitch of the accompaniment pattern according to the shift amount and the shift direction calculated by the arithmetic means. The calculating means calculates the shift amount or the shift direction so as not to exceed a maximum shift amount determined according to the accompaniment pattern (type or tone color). Yes.
[0007]
In such a configuration, Calculation The source is the root of the chord information used for the previous shift. Note name And the root of the chord information used for this shift Note name Difference in pitch with Calculation At this time, the pitch difference is small. Who For Calculated by Go out. In other words, the root tone is 12 tones from “C” to “B” in order of pitch in semitones. Name There is a difference in pitch in this pitch direction (plus direction) Calculation When it comes out, the pitch difference between “C” and “B” at both ends is 11 semitones. But sound Name “B” is the sound Name One semitone lower than “C” Name However, the reverse direction (minus direction) so Pitch difference Calculation The difference in pitch between the two is 1 semitone, so in this case Calculation The output means is a pitch difference of “one semitone” Calculation Put out. So this Calculation The pitch difference is “one semitone” and Way Direction (reverse direction = Minus direction) and the shift amount used during the previous shift And do not exceed the maximum shift amount determined according to the accompaniment pattern. If the calculation means calculates the shift amount and the shift direction to be shifted this time, and the control means shifts the pitch of the accompaniment pattern to the shift means by the calculated shift amount and shift direction, the previously shifted sound There will be no significant pitch difference between the pitch and the pitch shifted this time. The accompaniment range (maximum shift amount) may not be exceeded. Yes.
[0008]
Further, in the invention described in claim 3, when the predetermined chord information is inputted, the reading means for sequentially reading the accompaniment pattern composed of the pitches to be generated from the storage means, and the input means for inputting the chord information And an automatic accompaniment apparatus having shift means for shifting the pitch of the accompaniment pattern read by the reading means to a pitch corresponding to a root tone in the chord information input by the input means. The pitch difference between the root name of the chord information used for the previous shift and the root name of the chord information used for the current shift is calculated in the direction in which the pitch of the two sounds is smaller. At the same time, based on this pitch difference, a calculation means for calculating the shift amount used for the current shift, and a pitch after shifting by the shift amount calculated by the calculation means are set in advance. A first correcting means for correcting the shift amount by octave control so as to be within the accompaniment sound range, and a pitch after the shift does not exceed the accompaniment sound range. Even if the calculated pitch difference and shift amount are predetermined values, the shift amount is corrected by octave control. The octave control amount is determined according to the calculated shift amount. Second correction means.
[0009]
In such a configuration, as in the first and second aspects of the invention, there is no significant pitch difference between the previously shifted pitch and the current shifted pitch, and the accompaniment range is exceeded. In addition, accompaniment range Beyond Yes Shifted backwards before Become .
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument, and this electronic musical instrument is provided with a keyboard 1 and a switch unit 2 as shown in the block diagram of FIG. The keyboard 1 is provided with a plurality of keys and a key switch that is turned on when the key is pressed. The switch unit 2 is provided with various switches such as a power switch and a volume switch, which are usually provided on an electronic musical instrument, as well as a tone selection switch, an accompaniment pattern selection switch, a mode switch, an automatic switch, and the like shown in the flow described later. Accompaniment start / stop switch, etc. are provided.
[0012]
The switch information from the keyboard 1 and the switch unit 2 is input to the CPU 3. The CPU 3 operates based on the input information, the program stored in the internal ROM, and the data stored in the storage device 4, executes all processes necessary for the electronic musical instrument, and controls the sound source 5. To do. That is, the CPU 3 constitutes reading means, shift means, detection means, calculation means, control means, and the like in this embodiment by executing processing according to the flow described later. A waveform corresponding to a timbre number according to the instruction, and a musical sound waveform having the specified frequency is generated, and this musical sound waveform is applied to a sound system 6 including an amplifier, a speaker, and the like. The musical tone having the timbre and the pitch specified at the timing specified by the user is generated.
[0013]
The storage device 4 stores a plurality of types of automatic accompaniment pattern data corresponding to accompaniment pattern numbers. Each automatic accompaniment pattern data, for example, as shown in part (a) of FIG. 9 by a musical score, the sound generation timing indicated by the notes of each chord and the chord configuration when a C major is input as a chord by pressing a key. (For the sake of simplicity, the automatic accompaniment pattern data shows only the C major chord here. However, other types of chords are mixed and similar to the C major chord. May be shifted). Further, the CPU 4 has a register for storing the following data.
[0014]
R: Route of current chord specified by key press
P: Route of the code specified before
D: Difference value between R and P
S: Pitch shift amount of accompaniment pattern
a: Accompaniment pattern number
t: Tone number
MF: Mode flag. Stores “1” when automatic accompaniment mode is set and “0” when not set
AF: Automatic accompaniment flag. Stores “1” during automatic accompaniment and “0” during stop.
When executing the process, the CPU 3 sets the 12 pitches C, C #, D,..., B in semitones within one octave to values 0, 1, 2,. These values are stored as roots in the registers R and P.
[0015]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment according to the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIG. That is, the CPU 3 starts the operation according to the general flow shown in FIG. 2 when the power switch is turned on, and first executes initialization processing (step A1) to clear the various registers. Subsequently, a switch process (step A2), a keyboard process (step A3), an automatic accompaniment process (step A4) and other processes (step A5), which will be described later, are executed. Repeat the A5 loop.
[0016]
The switch process (step A2) is performed according to the flow shown in FIG. 3, and the presence or absence of operation of any switch provided in the switch unit 2 is monitored (step B1), and any switch is not operated. Return to the general flow (FIG. 2). However, if any switch is operated, it is determined whether or not it is a timbre selection switch (step B2). If it is a timbre selection switch, the timbre selected by the operation of this timbre selection switch. The number is stored in t (step B3), and the tone color setting process is executed so that the sound source 5 shapes the waveform of the selected tone color during sound generation (step B4).
[0017]
If the operated switch is an accompaniment pattern selection switch (YES in step B5), the accompaniment pattern number selected by the operation of the accompaniment pattern selection switch is stored in a (step B6), and automatic accompaniment is performed. Accompaniment pattern setting processing is executed to read out accompaniment pattern data corresponding to the accompaniment pattern number from the storage device 4 at the start (step B7). Further, if the operated switch is a mode switch (step B8 is YES), the MF is inverted (step B9), so that the mode flag MF is “1” “0” every time the mode switch is operated. To change.
[0018]
If the operated switch is an automatic accompaniment start / stop switch (step B10 is YES), it is determined whether or not MF is set (step B11). If MF is not set and the automatic accompaniment mode is not set, the process proceeds to step B13 without performing the process of step B12. If set, AF is reversed (step B12). Therefore, the automatic accompaniment flag AF is inverted only in the automatic accompaniment mode, and “1” indicates that the automatic accompaniment is in progress and “0” indicates that the automatic accompaniment is stopped as described above. Further, when the operated switch is not any of these switches, other switch processing corresponding to the operated switch is performed (step B13), and the process returns to the general flow.
[0019]
The keyboard process (step A3) is performed according to the flow shown in FIG. 4, and a key switch provided for each key of the keyboard 1 is scanned and the state of each key is identified based on the operated key switch ( If there is no change in the state of the key switch in step C1), the flow returns to the general flow (FIG. 2). If the key switch changes from OFF to ON and a key is pressed, it is determined whether or not a plurality of keys are pressed simultaneously (step C2). Whether MF is set is determined (step C3). Then, as a result of the determination in step C3 and step C2 described above, if a plurality of keys are simultaneously pressed and MF is set at this time and the automatic accompaniment mode is set, the process of step C4 is performed. Return to General Flow.
[0020]
However, as a result of the determination in step C2 and step C2, if the keys are not simultaneously pressed, and if the MF is reset even if the keys are simultaneously pressed, the automatic accompaniment mode is not set. Instructing the sound generation at the pitch corresponding to the pressed key (step C4). That is, the CPU 3 instructs the sound source 5 to generate a sound at the depressed key pitch, and generates a musical sound waveform having a frequency corresponding to the sound source 5, so that the sound system 6 presses the key at a timing corresponding to the key depression. A musical tone having a pitch corresponding to the timbre is generated with the tone color that has undergone tone color setting processing. If the result of determination in step C1 is that a key release has occurred, an instruction to mute the musical tone related to the key released is instructed (step C5). By attenuating the musical sound waveform corresponding to the sound source 5 in accordance with this instruction, the musical sound corresponding to the key release generated from the sound system 6 is muted.
[0021]
The automatic accompaniment process (step A4) is performed according to the flow shown in FIG. 5, and it is determined whether or not the mode flag MF is set (step D1). If the mode flag MF is not set, Return to the general flow without performing the above process. If the mode flag MF is set and the automatic accompaniment mode is set, it is determined whether or not a plurality of keys are simultaneously pressed on the keyboard 1 (step D2). The process proceeds to step D5 without performing the processes of steps D3 and D4. If simultaneous pressing of a plurality of keys has occurred, it is determined whether or not simultaneous pressing of the plurality of keys is established as a code (step D4). Step D4) is executed. However, if not established, the accompaniment pattern data read / sound generation process is executed without executing the process of step D4 (step D5).
[0022]
Therefore, the accompaniment pattern data read / sound generation process in step D5 is not performed as a chord when there is no simultaneous pressing of a plurality of keys in the automatic accompaniment mode and when there is a simultaneous pressing of a plurality of keys. In this case, the accompaniment pattern data of the accompaniment pattern number set in advance by the accompaniment pattern setting process (step B7) is read, and the sound generation timing and The sound source 5 is instructed to sound at the pitch. Accordingly, when the shift process (step D4) is not performed, chord sounds are sequentially generated from the sound system 6 at the sounding timing of the accompaniment pattern having a preset accompaniment pattern number.
[0023]
This shift process (step D4) is performed according to the flow shown in FIG. 6, and the route of the chord from the keyboard is fetched and stored in R (step E1). That is, since the simultaneous pressing of a plurality of keys is established as a code by the determination in step D3 described above, the established code route is stored in the register R with a corresponding value of 0-11. Subsequently, the value stored in P in step E10, which will be described later, that is, the route value of the code input by the previous key depression is subtracted from the value of R by the processing according to the previous flow, The difference is calculated, and the difference value between R and P is stored in the register D (step E2). By the processing of step E2, the pitch difference between the previous and current input code routes is stored in D.
[0024]
Next, it is determined whether or not the absolute value of the value stored in D is larger than 6, that is, when the semitone is used as a unit, whether or not the pitch difference between the two is larger than 6 is determined. Advances to Step E5 without performing the processing of Step E4. However, if it exceeds 6, D / | D | (| D | -12) is calculated, and the register D is updated with the calculation result (step E4). In the equation shown in step E4, D / | D | is for influencing the value of (| D | -12) of the value stored in the register D in step E2, and by this calculation, The pitch difference between the previous route and the current route is calculated in a direction in which the pitch difference between the previous route and the current route becomes smaller.
[0025]
That is, since the route values stored in the register R and the register P are 0 to 11, “11” that is the value of the route B is stored in the register P, and the value of the route C is stored in the register R. If “0” is stored, RP = 0−11 = −11, and the pitch difference between the two is “11” when detected in the direction in which the pitch decreases (minus direction). Since the value exceeds 6, when the calculation in step E4 is performed, − (11−12) = 1 is obtained, and this value “1” is “B” in the direction in which the pitch is increased (plus direction). The pitch difference of “C” is detected, and therefore the pitch difference between the two is detected in the direction in which the pitch difference between the previous route and the current route becomes smaller (shifted by one octave) by the processing in steps E2 to E4. It will be.
[0026]
In the next step E5, the difference value stored in the register D in the above-described step E2 is added to the value of the register S storing the previous pitch shift amount of the accompaniment pattern, and this is updated. , D × S> 0, | D |> 3, and | S |> 9 are discriminated (step E6). In this step E6, D × S> 0 determines whether the difference value stored in D and the value of the shift amount stored in S are the same, and | D |> 3 When | S |> 9 is about to be moved more than “3” semitones from the previous chord, it is determined whether or not the current shift planned amount from the reference “C” exceeds “9” semitones. If any of the three conditions is not satisfied, the process proceeds to step E8 without performing the process of step E7, and the values that are all satisfied and stored in the registers D and S are the same. If there is a movement larger than “3” semitones from the previous chord, and the planned shift amount from the current reference “C” exceeds “9” semitones, the process of step E7 is performed.
[0027]
In the process of step E7, the same process as in step E4 described above is executed for the value of S, and the pitch shift amount of S is shifted by one octave by this process. Subsequently, whether the absolute value of the shift amount stored in S by the process of step E7 and the shift amount stored in S when the process of step E7 is not performed and the process proceeds from step E6 is greater than 12. Is determined (step E8), and if it exceeds 12, the same processing as step E7 described above is executed again (step E9). The process of step E9 is a process for limiting the maximum shift amount from the reference “C” to upper and lower 12 semitones, that is, within one upper and lower octaves. When the shift amount is larger than 12 as a result of the determination in step E8. By performing the process of step E9, the shift amount is suppressed within one octave above and below the reference “C”. Thereafter, the value of the register R, which is the root of the current code, is stored in the register P, updated, and the process returns to the general flow.
[0028]
Next, with respect to the shift processing of FIG. 6 described above, the keyboard 1 uses C → F → G → F → A... G → B → C → A # → F # → E → D → C → A #. This will be described in detail assuming that the keys are sequentially pressed.
[0029]
(1) C → F
If the route of the previous code is “C” and the route of the current code is “F”, R = 5 is obtained by the process of step E1, and D = 5-0 = 5 (difference value) is obtained by the process of step E2. ) Since the absolute value of the register D does not exceed “6”, step E3 is NO, the processing of step E5 is performed, and S = 0 + 5 = 5 (shift amount). The determination in step E6 is continued, but the signs of D and S (difference value and shift amount) are the same, and | D | (absolute value of difference value) exceeds “3”, but | S | Since (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “9”, step E6 is NO and the process proceeds to step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Therefore, in the case of (1), the shift amount is “5”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by 5 semitones in the plus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by 5 semitones in the plus direction of “C” is “F”, if a chord F is input, the accompaniment chord is converted to chord F as shown in FIG. The sound generation process is performed in step D5 of FIG.
[0030]
(2) F → G
If the route of the previous code is “F” and the route of the current code is “G”, R = 7 is obtained by the process of step E1, and D = 7−5 = 2 (difference value) is obtained by the process of step E2. ) Since the absolute value of the register D does not exceed “6”, step E3 is NO, the process of step E5 is performed, and S = 5 + 2 = 7 (shift amount). The determination in step E6 is continued, but the signs of D and S (difference value and shift amount) are the same, but | D | (absolute value of difference value) does not exceed “3”, and | S | Since (the absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “9”, step E6 is NO and the process proceeds to step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Therefore, in the case of (2), the shift amount is “7”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by 7 semitones in the plus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by 7 semitones in the plus direction of “C” is “G”, if the chord G is input, the accompaniment chord is changed to chord G as shown by the solid line in FIG. The sound is converted and processed for sound generation by step D5 in FIG. Therefore, as in the conventional apparatus described above with reference to FIG. 10 and indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 7 (2), a jump of 10 semitones (short 7 degrees) occurs between “F” and “G”. In other words, the pitch difference between the two is only two semitones (long twice), and the occurrence of a jumping chord can be prevented to form a chord progression that is favorable for general music and hearing.
[0031]
(3) G → F
If the route of the previous code is “G” and the route of the current code is “F”, R = 5 by the process of step E1, and D = 5-7 = −2 (difference by the process of step E2. Value). Since the absolute value of the register D does not exceed “6”, step E3 is NO, the processing of step E5 is performed, and S = 7−2 = 5 (shift amount). If the determination in step E6 is continued, since the signs of D and S (difference value and shift amount) are different, step E6 is NO and the process proceeds to step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Therefore, in the case of (3), the shift amount is “5”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by 5 semitones in the plus direction of the root tone C. The pitch shifted by 5 semitones in the plus direction of “C” is “F”. Therefore, if the chord F is input, the accompaniment chord is changed to chord F as shown by the solid line in FIG. The sound is converted and processed for sound generation by step D5 in FIG.
[0032]
(4) F → A
If the route of the previous code is “F” and the route of the current code is “A”, R = 9 is obtained by the process of step E1, and D = 9−5 = 4 (difference value) is obtained by the process of step E2. ) Since the absolute value of the register D does not exceed “6”, step E3 is NO, the processing of step E5 is performed, and S = 5 + 4 = 9 (shift amount). The determination in step E6 is continued, but the signs of D and S (difference value and shift amount) are the same, and | D | (absolute value of the difference value) exceeds “3”, but | S | ( Since the absolute value of the shift amount does not exceed “9”, step E6 is NO and the process proceeds to step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Therefore, in the case of (4), the shift amount is “9”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by 9 semitones in the plus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by 9 semitones in the plus direction of “C” is “A”, if chord A is input, the accompaniment chord is changed to chord A as shown by the solid line in FIG. The sound is converted and processed for sound generation by step D5 in FIG. Therefore, unlike the conventional device indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 7 (4), there is no jump of 8 semitones (short 6 degrees) between “F” and “A”. The pitch difference is only 4 semitones (3 degrees in length), preventing the occurrence of jumping chords and forming a chord progression that is favorable for general music and hearing.
[0033]
(5) G → B
If the route of the previous chord is “G” (here, “G” shifted by 7 semitones in the plus direction of “C”) and the route of the current chord is “B”, step E1 In this process, R = 11, and in the process of step E2, D = 11-7 = 4 (difference value). Since the absolute value of the register D does not exceed “6”, step E3 is NO, the processing of step E5 is performed, and S = 7 + 4 = 11 (shift amount). The determination in step E6 is continued, but the signs of D and S (difference value and shift amount) are the same, | D | (absolute value of difference value) exceeds “3”, and | S | (shift Since the absolute value of the amount also exceeds “9”, step E6 is YES, and the process proceeds to step E7, where S = + (11−12) = − 1 (shift amount) is calculated. Accordingly, since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to step E10 without performing step E9. Therefore, in the case of (5), the shift amount is “−1”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by one semitone in the minus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by one semitone in the minus direction of “C” is “B”, if chord B is input, the accompaniment chord is converted to chord B, and the sound generation process is performed by step D5 of FIG. 5 described above. Is done.
[0034]
(6) B → C
If the route of the previous code is “B” and the route of the current code is “C”, R = 0 is obtained by the process of step E1, and D = 0-11 = -11 (difference is obtained by the process of step E2. Value). Since the absolute value of the register D exceeds “6”, step E3 is YES and the processing of step E4 is performed, so that D = − (11−12) = 1 (difference value). Next, the process of step E5 is performed, and S = −1 + 1 = 0 (shift amount). If the determination in step E6 is continued, since the signs of D and S (difference value and shift amount) are different, step E6 is NO and the process proceeds to step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Therefore, in the case of (6), the shift amount is “0”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted from the root tone C by 0 semitone. Since the pitch shifted by 0 semitones of “C” is “C” as it is, if the chord C is input, the accompaniment chord is generated by the above-mentioned step D5 in FIG. It is processed.
[0035]
(7) C → A #
If the route of the previous code is “C” and the route of the current code is “A #”, R = 10 is obtained by the process of step E1, and D = 10−0 = −10 ( Difference value). Since the absolute value of the register D exceeds “6”, step E3 is YES and the process of step E4 is performed, so that D = + (10−12) = − 2 (difference value). Next, the process of step E5 is performed, and S = 0-2 = -2 (shift amount). If the determination in step E6 is continued, the signs of D and S (difference value and shift amount) are the same, but | D | (the absolute value of the difference value) does not exceed “3”. Becomes NO, and the process proceeds to Step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Therefore, in the case of (7), the shift amount is “−2”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by two semitones in the minus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by two semitones in the negative direction of “C” is “A #”, if chord A # is input, the accompaniment chord is converted to chord A #, and step D5 in FIG. 5 described above is performed. The sound is processed.
[0036]
(8) A # → F #
If the route of the previous code is “A #” and the route of the current code is “F #”, R = 6 by the process of step E1, and D = 6-10 = −4 by the process of step E2. (Difference value). Since the absolute value of the register D does not exceed “6”, step E3 is NO, the processing of step E5 is performed, and S = −2−4 = −6 (shift amount). The determination in step E6 is continued, but the signs of D and S (difference value and shift amount) are the same, and | D | (absolute value of difference value) exceeds “3”, but | S | Since (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “9”, step E6 is NO and the process proceeds to step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Therefore, in the case of (8), the shift amount is “−6”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by 6 semitones in the minus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by 6 semitones in the minus direction of “C” is “F #”, if the chord F # is input, the accompaniment chord is converted to chord F #, and the above-described step D5 in FIG. The sound is processed.
[0037]
(9) F # → E
When the route of the previous code is “F #” and the route of the current code is “E”, R = 4 is obtained by the process of step E1, and D = 4-6 = −2 ( Difference value). Since the absolute value of the register D does not exceed “6”, step E3 is NO, the processing of step E5 is performed, and S = −6-2 = −8 (shift amount). The determination in step E6 is continued, but D and S (difference value and shift amount) have the same sign, but | D | (absolute value of difference value) does not exceed “3”. Becomes NO, and the process proceeds to Step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Accordingly, in the case of (9), the shift amount is “−8”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by 8 semitones in the minus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by 8 semitones in the minus direction of “C” is “E”, if chord E is input, the accompaniment chord is converted to chord E, and the sound generation process is performed in step D5 of FIG. 5 described above. Is done.
[0038]
(10) E → D
If the route of the previous code is “E” and the route of the current code is “D”, R = 2 is obtained by the process of step E1, and D = 2-4 = −2 (difference is obtained by the process of step E2. Value). Since the absolute value of the register D does not exceed “6”, step E3 is NO, the processing of step E5 is performed, and S = −8−2 = −10 (shift amount). The determination in step E6 is continued, but D and S (difference value and shift amount) have the same sign, but | D | (absolute value of difference value) does not exceed “3”. Becomes NO, and the process proceeds to Step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Therefore, in the case of (10), the shift amount is “−10”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by 6 semitones in the minus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by 10 semitones in the negative direction of “C” is “D”, if chord D is input, the accompaniment chord is converted to chord D, and the tone generation process is performed in step D5 of FIG. 5 described above. Is done.
[0039]
(11) D → C
If the route of the previous code is “D” and the route of the current code is “C”, R = 0 is obtained by the process of step E1, and D = 0-2 = −2 (difference is obtained by the process of step E2. Value). Since the absolute value of the register D does not exceed “6”, step E3 is NO, the process of step E5 is performed, and S = −10−2 = −12 (shift amount). The determination in step E6 is continued, but D and S (difference value and shift amount) have the same sign, but | D | (absolute value of difference value) does not exceed “3”. Becomes NO, and the process proceeds to Step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) does not exceed “12”, the process returns to Step E10 without performing Step E9. Therefore, in the case of (9), the shift amount is “−12”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by 12 semitones in the minus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by 12 semitones in the negative direction of “C” is “C”, if chord C is input, the accompaniment chord is converted to chord C, and the sound generation process is performed by step D5 in FIG. 5 described above. Is done.
[0040]
(12) C → A #
If the route of the previous code is “C” and the route of the current code is “A #”, R = 10 is obtained by the process of step E1, and D = 10−0 = 10 (difference is obtained by the process of step E2. Value). Since the absolute value of the register D exceeds “6”, step E3 is YES and the process of step E4 is performed, so that D = + (10−12) = − 2 (difference value). Next, the process of step E5 is performed, and S = -12-2 = -14 (shift amount). If the determination in step E6 is continued, the signs of D and S (difference value and shift amount) are the same, but | D | (the absolute value of the difference value) does not exceed “3”. Becomes NO, and the process proceeds to Step E8. Since | S | (absolute value of the shift amount) exceeds “12”, the process of step E9 is performed, and S = − (14−12) = − 2 (shift amount). Therefore, in the case of (12), the shift amount is “−2”, and the chord of the accompaniment pattern data is shifted by two semitones in the minus direction of the root tone C. Since the pitch shifted by two semitones in the negative direction of “C” is “A #”, if chord A # is input, the accompaniment chord is converted to chord A #, and step D5 in FIG. 5 described above is performed. The sound is processed.
[0041]
At this time, the chord of the accompaniment pattern data in (11) is shifted one octave from the reference “C”, which is the lower limit of the shift amount in the present embodiment, by shifting the root tone C by 12 semitones in the negative direction. Although it has reached a low “C”, the shift amount and the shift direction are suppressed within one octave from the reference “C” by calculating “−2” by the processing in step E9. Therefore, even if the shift amount is calculated based on the pitch difference between the root pitch used for the previous shift and the root pitch used for the current shift, the top and bottom 1 where the accompaniment chord is the maximum shift amount is calculated. The octave (12 semitones) is not exceeded, and the fluctuating range of the accompaniment pitch can be properly maintained.
[0042]
FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the CPU 3 further uses a register for storing the following constants.
[0043]
Xa, Ya: Constants for limiting the pitch shift amount of the accompaniment pattern a
Zt: a constant for limiting the pitch shift amount of the tone number t
The constants stored in the registers Xa and Ya are different values depending on the accompaniment pattern selected by the operation of the accompaniment pattern selection switch provided in the switch unit 2, and Zt is the operation of the timbre selection switch. This value is different depending on the tone color selected by.
[0044]
In this embodiment, the shift process (step D4) is performed according to the flow shown in FIG. In the flow shown in FIG. 8, the processes of steps F1 to F5, F7, F9, and F10 are the same as the processes of steps E1 to E5, E7, E9, and E10 in the flow of FIG. Only the processing of F8 is different. In step F6, which is different from the flow of FIG. 6, it is determined whether or not D × S>, | D |> Xa, and | S |> Ya. At this time, since different values are set for Xa and Ya according to the selected accompaniment pattern, the range for limiting the shift amount changes according to the accompaniment pattern by the processing of step F6. . In step F8, it is determined whether or not | S |> Zt. Since a different value is set for Zt according to the selected tone color, the range for limiting the shift amount depends on the tone color. Will also change.
[0045]
In other words, there are accompaniment patterns that do not affect musically even if the accompaniment sounds are changed in a wide range, and generally change only in a narrow range, and the timbre depends on the type of instrument. Some of them change accompaniment sound in a wide range, and some change accompaniment sound only in a narrow range. Therefore, step F6 and F By changing the values of Xa, Ya, and Zt used in 8 according to the accompaniment pattern and tone color, the accompaniment tone is changed according to the specified chord within the appropriate range corresponding to the accompaniment pattern and tone color. It becomes possible.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention is the root of the chord information used for the previous shift. Note name And the root of the chord information used for this shift Note name In the direction that the pitch difference becomes smaller Calculation Out this Calculation Said pitch To the difference Based on this shift Amount Calculate and Depending on the calculated shift amount Accompaniment pattern pitch The I tried to do it. Therefore, there is no significant difference in pitch between the pitch shifted last time and the pitch shifted this time, and the occurrence of jumping accompaniment sounds can be prevented, resulting in a favorable pitch change in terms of music and hearing. Accompaniment sounds can be generated in the state. Also read Accompaniment pattern pitch Root note in chord information Corresponding to Because it is configured to shift to pitch, Study The automatic accompaniment can be advanced without accompanying a jumping chord progression which is a problem in other music fields.
[0047]
The predetermined maximum shift amount (Accompaniment range) Since the shift amount and the shift direction are calculated so as not to exceed the pitch, even if the shift is performed sequentially due to the pitch difference between the pitch shifted last time and the root of the chord information used for the current shift, The shift amount does not exceed the maximum shift amount, and it is possible to shift in the reverse direction before exceeding the maximum shift amount. Therefore, the fluctuation range of the accompaniment pitch can be properly maintained, and the pitch fluctuation can be suppressed by changing the shift direction before exceeding the maximum shift amount. In addition, the maximum shift amount can be changed according to the type and tone of the accompaniment pattern. To The accompaniment sound can be changed in accordance with a designated chord within a different appropriate sound range.
[0048]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic musical instrument to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a general flow of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of switch processing.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of keyboard processing.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of automatic accompaniment processing.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of shift processing.
FIG. 7 is a musical score diagram showing pitches shifted in the present embodiment and pitches shifted by the conventional apparatus.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of shift processing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a musical score diagram showing the relationship between the pitch of an accompaniment pattern and the pitch of an accompaniment that occurs.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a route and a shift amount of a conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 keyboard
3 CPU
4 storage devices

Claims (3)

Reading means for sequentially reading out accompaniment patterns comprising pitches to be generated when predetermined chord information is input;
Input means for inputting chord information;
Shift means for shifting the pitch of the accompaniment pattern read by the reading means to a pitch corresponding to the root tone in the chord information input by the input means;
In an automatic accompaniment device having
The pitch difference between the root name of the chord information used for the previous shift by the shift means and the pitch name of the root information of the chord information used for the current shift becomes a frequency with a low pitch of both sounds. Calculating means for calculating by direction;
Based on the pitch difference calculated by the calculation means, the direction, and the shift amount at the time of the previous shift, calculation means for calculating the shift amount that the shift means should shift this time and the shift direction;
Control means for causing the shift means to shift the pitch of the accompaniment pattern according to the shift amount and the shift direction calculated by the calculation means;
With
The automatic accompaniment apparatus, wherein the calculation means calculates the shift amount or the shift direction so as not to exceed a maximum shift amount determined according to the type of the accompaniment pattern. Reading means for sequentially reading out accompaniment patterns comprising pitches to be generated when predetermined chord information is input;
Input means for inputting chord information;
Shift means for shifting the pitch of the accompaniment pattern read by the reading means to a pitch corresponding to the root tone in the chord information input by the input means;
In an automatic accompaniment device having
The pitch difference between the root name of the chord information used for the previous shift by the shift means and the pitch name of the root information of the chord information used for the current shift becomes a frequency with a low pitch of both sounds. Calculating means for calculating by direction;
Based on the pitch difference calculated by the calculation means, the direction, and the shift amount at the time of the previous shift, calculation means for calculating the shift amount that the shift means should shift this time and the shift direction;
Control means for causing the shift means to shift the pitch of the accompaniment pattern according to the shift amount and the shift direction calculated by the calculation means;
With
The automatic accompaniment apparatus, wherein the calculating means calculates the shift amount or the shift direction so as not to exceed a maximum shift amount determined according to a tone color when sounding based on the accompaniment pattern. Reading means for sequentially reading out accompaniment patterns comprising pitches to be generated when predetermined chord information is input;
Input means for inputting chord information;
Shift means for shifting the pitch of the accompaniment pattern read by the reading means to a pitch corresponding to the root tone in the chord information input by the input means;
In an automatic accompaniment device having
The pitch difference between the root name of the chord information used for the previous shift by the shift means and the pitch name of the root information of the chord information used for the current shift becomes a frequency with a low pitch of both sounds. Calculation means for calculating the shift amount used for the current shift, based on the pitch difference,
When the pitch after shifting by the shift amount calculated by the calculating means exceeds a preset accompaniment range, the shift amount is corrected by octave control so as to be within the accompaniment range. Corrective means,
Even if the pitch after the shift does not exceed the accompaniment range, if the calculated pitch difference and the shift amount are respectively predetermined values, means for correcting the shift amount by octave control. A second correcting means for determining the octave control amount according to the calculated shift amount ;
An automatic accompaniment device characterized by comprising:

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