JP3659199B2 - Door opening / closing structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a door opening / closing which improves the sealing performance of the opening by opening and closing the opening provided in a structure such as an automobile, a train, and a building so as to move in the vertical direction of the opening during the opening / closing operation. Concerning structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various conventional door opening / closing structures for the opening of the structure have been developed. For example, a door opening / closing structure provided for opening / closing a bus entrance / exit will be described. With the increase, non-step buses with a low entrance / exit are desired and increased.
[0003]
In order to reduce the step height of the floor near the entrance of this non-step bus, the conventional entrance / exit of the non-step bus to which the door opening / closing structure shown in FIG. 1 is applied is shown in FIG. A door body 6 is provided for opening and closing the opening 4 for getting on and off the front side of the door. As shown in FIG. 1, the door body 6 is connected by a hinge structure 5 so as to be connected along the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 2, and is folded and opened toward the vehicle compartment 3 side of the vehicle body 2. Body 6a, 6b is provided. The front edges 7a of the door bodies 6a and 6b are supported by a rotating shaft 10 which will be described later and supported by a front pillar 8 of the vehicle body 2 via a bearing, rotate around an axis 10c of the rotating shaft 10, and are indicated by a two-dot chain line. As shown in Fig. 2, the vehicle is opened and stored in the passenger compartment 3 while being folded in two.
[0004]
Further, the power for opening and closing the door body 6 is opened and closed by a door engine 13 having one end pivotally supported on the side of the vehicle compartment 3 of the door body 6a and the other end constituted by a fluid pressure cylinder driving mechanism such as air pressure and hydraulic pressure. The guide roller 12 provided at the upper part of the door body 6b is provided along the width direction of the door body 6 on the vehicle body 2 side above the vehicle body 2 corresponding to the opening 4 as shown in FIG. 14 (not shown in FIG. 1 because the drawing is complicated), and the door body 6 is configured to be folded and opened and closed as described above. On the other hand, in order to make getting on and off of passengers such as the elderly as easy as possible, the floor 1 of the non-step bath is inclined from the passenger compartment 3 side toward the outside of the step at the entrance as shown in FIG. An inclined portion 17 is provided, and the step height t is such that the ground G and the outer end 15 of the step are as low as possible.
[0005]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the bottom edge portion of the door body 6 in which the door body 6 is housed in the passenger compartment 3 by rotation is aligned with the outer end portion 15 of the inclined portion 17 of the step. When the door body 6 is operated in the opening direction, the inclined portion 17 is highly inclined toward the passenger compartment, so that the inclined portion 17 of the floor 1 and the bottom edge portion of the door body 6 are opened and closed. The door cannot be stored in the storage position in the passenger compartment where the door 6 opens. Accordingly, in order to prevent the inclined portion 17 and the bottom edge of the door body 6 from interfering with each other during the storage, the floor surface 1 below the door body 6 shown in FIG. When the length α of the portion 15 is deleted and shortened, the door 6 is closed, and the gap that can be formed is attached to the lower part of the door 6 with an elastic plate made of soft rubber or synthetic resin, The seal is kept as much as possible.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the door opening / closing structure, as shown in FIG. 7, when the lower side of the door body 6 is shortened according to the original floor 1 without the inclined portion 17, the lower end of the door body 6 is closed when the door body 6 is closed. Since it is located above the outer end 15 of the inclined portion 17 by α, for example, there is a gap of α, in the conventional structure, a soft rubber plate is hung on the lower end of the door body 6 in the gap. However, when the door body 6 is closed, the airtightness is poor, and the rubber plate is worn with the inclined portion 17 of the floor 1, so that the rubber plate is deformed and looks bad.
[0007]
The present invention has been devised in view of the above problems, and an opening for entering and exiting a structure such as an automobile, a train, and a building is formed so as to be inclined downward toward the outer end portion and the outer end portion. In accordance with the opening of the door body (the degree of storage) that opens and closes the opening, the height of the slope is increased when the door body is opened and closed. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a door opening / closing structure configured such that the door body itself can be displaced in the vertical direction substantially simultaneously.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this reason, in the door opening and closing structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, one side edge of any one of the pair of door bodies provided at the entrance / exit of the vehicle is on the side of the opening of the entrance / exit. The other side edge of the one door body and the other door body of the pair of door bodies are coupled to each other by a hinge structure, and the shaft of the hinge structure is folded toward the vehicle compartment side. When the door body is opened, the rotating shaft of the door body moves upward in the opening, and in the closing operation, the rotating shaft of the door body is below the opening. A rotation mechanism that moves in a direction, and a guide roller is pivotally supported on a shaft provided at an upper portion of the other door body so as to be able to rotate in the opening and closing direction of the door body, and corresponds to the opening and closing operation of the door body. A guide rail provided along the upper edge of the opening and formed wide in the vertical direction. The guide roller at the inner is characterized by being configured the guide rail so as to roll in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, it is arranged to be movable in the vertical direction.
[0009]
In the door opening / closing structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, one side edge of one of the pair of door bodies provided at the entrance / exit of the vehicle is provided at a side portion of the opening of the entrance / exit. The other side edge of the one door body and the other door body of the pair of door bodies are coupled to each other by a hinge structure, and are folded toward the passenger compartment side using the hinge structure shaft as a fold. When the door body is opened, the rotation shaft of the door body moves upward in the opening, and in the closing operation, the rotation shaft of the door body moves downward in the opening. And a shaft provided on an upper portion of the other door body is configured to be slidable in the axial direction of the guide roller, and corresponds to the vertical movement of the door body with respect to the guide roller. The shaft slides in the vertical direction, and the guide roller is moved inside the guide rail. Substantially horizontally movably above the guide rails in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is constructed, the guide rollers on a shaft provided in the upper portion of the other of the door body is rotatably supported in the closing direction of the door body It is characterized by being.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the door opening / closing structure of the present invention is characterized in that, in the configuration of the first or second aspect, the bearing portion of the rotating shaft of the door body of the rotating mechanism is formed in a spiral groove.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the door opening / closing structure according to any one of the first to third aspects , wherein the door opening / closing structure is inclined from the passenger compartment side toward the outer end of the opening of the entrance / exit. The entrance / exit is provided with the turning mechanism.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, substantially the same parts as those of a conventional structure will be described with the same reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a perspective view of an entrance / exit of a non-step bus to which a door opening / closing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a pair of door bodies coupled by a hinge structure of 2A in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing the operation of the turning mechanism of the door body of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is the door shown in FIG. 1 shows a mechanism for guiding a fixed guide roller at the upper end of the body, (A) is a schematic explanatory view showing a guide rail which is provided on the vehicle body side for guiding the guide roller and which is wide in the vertical direction; Is a schematic explanatory view showing a side view of a portion related to the fixed guide roller and the guide rail shown in FIG. 4 (A), and FIG. 5 applies a vertically movable guide roller showing a modification of the guide roller of FIG. This shows the case, (A) is an outline of the vertically movable guide roller provided on the door body Explanatory drawing, (B) is a schematic explanatory view showing rotation of the vertically movable guide roller of FIG. 5 (A) with respect to the guide rail, and (C) shows an application example of FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory view showing the case where the pivot shaft of the roller moves up and down. FIG. 6 shows a modification of the rotating mechanism shown in FIG. 2, and the door body is attached to the bearing portion side having the spiral groove. It is a schematic diagram which shows a case.
[0012]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the door body 6 that opens and closes the opening 4 of the entrance / exit of the vehicle body 2 includes a plurality of door bodies 6 arranged in parallel, and in this embodiment, a pair of doors It has bodies 6a and 6b.
One side edge 7a of one of the door bodies 6a and 6b, for example, one side edge 7a of the door body 6a is pivoted to the rotation mechanism R provided on the front pillar 8 which is the opening edge as shown in FIG. It has a fixed guide roller 12 that is supported so as to be pivotally supported by a shaft 11 that protrudes upward from an upper portion 9c of one side edge 9a of the other door body 6b. The guide roller 12 has a guide rail 14 provided along the opening 4 that guides the opening and closing of the door body 6. When the door body 6 is opened, the rotating shaft 10 of the door body 6 is connected to the opening 4. The rotating mechanism R is configured so that the rotating shaft 10 of the door body 6 moves downward in the opening 4 during the closing operation.
[0013]
The rotating mechanism R has a rotating shaft 10 attached to one side edge 7a of the door body 6, and a spiral convex portion provided on at least one of the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 10. 22. A bearing portion 26 provided with a female thread spiral groove 24 that is provided on the front pillar 8 and meshes with the spiral convex portion 22 of the male thread of the rotary shaft 10 is attached to the front pillar 8.
[0014]
Therefore, when the door body 6 attached to the rotating shaft 10 rotates around the rotating shaft 10, the rotating shaft 10 rotates through the spiral convex portion 22 and the spiral groove 24 of the bearing portion 26 to rotate the rotating shaft 10 and the door. The body 6 operates up and down integrally.
Further, as described above, the door body 6 provided at the entrance of the vehicle may be composed of a plurality of pieces so as to be connected in parallel and become a single door as a whole, but in the case of this embodiment, As shown in FIG. 2, it is composed of a pair of door bodies 6a and 6b, and one side edge 7a of one door body 6a is pivoted to a front column 8 which is an opening edge of the entrance / exit via a rotating shaft 10. The other side edge 7b of the door body 6a is coupled to the other side edge 9b of the other door body 6b by the hinge structure 5 via the weather strip WS. The hinge structure 5 of the pair of door bodies 6 is configured to be folded toward the passenger compartment 3 with the axis of the hinge structure 5 as a fold, thereby opening the opening 4.
[0015]
Since the above embodiment is configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 2, when the door engine 13 is activated by the operation of the driver, one end is pivotally supported inside the door body 6 a and the other end is connected to the drive engine 13. The door 6 is opened and closed by the operation of the connected rod. At this time, the door body 6a is drawn inside the vehicle compartment 3 together with the rotary shaft 10 around the bearing portion 26 of the rotation mechanism R, the guide roller 12 is guided to the guide rail 14, and is folded as shown in FIG. Thus, the opening 4 of the entrance / exit can be opened.
[0016]
At this time, when the guide roller 12 is a fixed guide roller 12, the guide roller 12 has a wide guide rail 14, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the door body 5 is trajectory D at the rear end of the folding door. The guide rail 14 is moved from the position D1 in the guide rail 14 formed wide in the vertical direction to the position D2, and the door body 6 is folded to open the opening 4 of the entrance / exit.
[0017]
Further, the guide rail 4 is formed in a U shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 4B, and the guide roller 12 is guided by the wall surface in the U-shaped recess, and the shaft 11 is shown in FIG. It is comprised so that it can move to the front and back direction of the paper surface. Further, as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4B, an inverted U-shaped guide rail 14a is provided at the target position with respect to the shaft 11 so as to face the U-shaped guide rail 14, and the guide roller 12 is freely rotatable. It may be possible to hold it.
[0018]
Therefore, the door body 6 is opened while being lifted together with the rotary shaft 10 by the rotation of the door body 6, so that it is smooth without interfering with the inclined portion 17 of the step as shown in FIG. The door body 6 can be opened and closed, and when the door body 6 is closed, the height of the door body 6 is adjusted to the height (T + α) of the outer end 15 of the inclined portion 17 of the floor 1 of the cab floor. Therefore, there is no gap between the lower end (bottom edge portion) of the door body 6 and the outer end portion 15 of the inclined portion 17 that is a step, so that a door opening / closing structure with good hermeticity can be obtained. it can.
[0019]
And even if it is the door body 6 with the high height (T + (alpha)) of the door body 6, the door body 6 can be opened and closed without interfering with the inclination part 17 of the said step at the time of opening.
Next, a modification shown in FIG. 5 will be described.
When the guide roller 12 is a vertically movable guide roller 12 as in the modification shown in FIG. 5, the guide rail 14 may be of a normal width (narrow), as shown in FIGS. As shown, the shaft 11 provided in the door body 6 is inserted through the hole 12a of the guide roller 12 guided by the guide rail 14 provided in the vehicle body 2 along the width direction of the door body 6, and the shaft 11 is provided to be slidable in the vertical direction in the hole 12a. The guide rail 14 is configured as shown in FIG.
[0020]
Since this embodiment is configured as described above, when the door body 6 is lifted as shown in FIG. 5B by the opening rotation mechanism R, the shaft 11 opens the hole 12a of the guide roller 12. By sliding upward and ascending, the guide roller 12 is guided substantially horizontally by the guide rail 14, and the door body 6 can be opened and closed.
An application example of the modification shown in FIG. 5B will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5C, a spring 32, which is an elastic member, is provided between a retainer 30 provided at the lower end of the shaft 11 and a retainer 31 provided on the side wall inside the door body 6b. You may make it attach so that the urging | biasing force which protrudes upwards may act. In the case of FIG. 5C, the other end of the shaft 11 that is rotatably attached is attached so as to penetrate from the upper portion 9c of the rear end portion 9a of the door body 6b to the inside of the door body 6b.
[0021]
Since this application example is configured as described above, when the door body 6 is rotated as shown in FIG. 5C, the rotating shaft 10 and the door body 6 (6a, 6b) are folded as described above. Since it ascends and moves along the locus D, the shaft 11 rises against the biasing force of the spring 32 and protrudes upward as shown in FIG. The door body 6 is raised so that the door body 6 can be opened and closed smoothly, and the airtightness when closed can be improved.
[0022]
In addition, the spiral groove provided on the bearing portion and the rotation shaft of the rotation mechanism R may be provided by reversing the male spiral convex portion and the female spiral groove in the case of the above embodiment, that is, FIG. Even if the door 6 is attached to the bearing portion 26 (female spiral groove) and the rotary shaft 10 having the spiral protrusion is provided on the front pillar 8 side of the vehicle body 2 as shown in FIG. Similar effects can be obtained.
[0023]
Further, in the above embodiment, the case of the entrance / exit step where the door opening / closing structure of the present invention is applied to a bus door has been described. However, the entrance / exit of a house, building, factory, warehouse, etc. eliminates a step and facilitates access. For this reason, the inclined portion 17 is gradually provided from the indoor side as described above. However, in this case as well, when the door body 6 as described above is applied, the same effect as the above embodiment is obtained. Can be played.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the door opening / closing structure of the present invention, one side edge of one of the pair of door bodies provided at the entrance of the vehicle is the entrance / exit. The other side edge of the one door body and the other door body of the pair of door bodies are coupled by a hinge structure, and the axis of the hinge structure is folded. When the door body is opened, the rotating shaft of the door body moves upward, and when the door is closed, the door body rotates. The shaft includes a rotating mechanism that moves downward in the opening, and a guide roller is pivotally supported on the shaft provided on the upper side of the other door body so as to be rotatable in the opening and closing direction of the door body. Corresponding to the operation, it is provided along the upper edge of the opening and formed wide in the vertical direction Since the guide roller is arranged so that the guide roller rolls in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and is movable in the vertical direction within the guide rail, the outer end of the opening from the indoor side If it is used for an opening having an inclined portion that descends toward the door, the door body can be opened and closed without interfering with the inclined portion even if the door body is opened and closed so as to rotate into the room, It is possible to improve the sealing performance when the door body is closed.
[0025]
According to the door opening and closing structure of the present invention as set forth in claim 2, one side edge of one of the pair of door bodies provided at the entrance / exit of the vehicle is provided at the side of the opening of the entrance / exit. The other side edge of the one door body and the other door body of the pair of door bodies are coupled by a hinge structure, and the shaft of the hinge structure is folded toward the passenger compartment side. When the door body is opened, the rotating shaft of the door body moves upward in the opening, and in the closing operation, the rotating shaft of the door body moves downward in the opening. And a shaft provided on the upper portion of the other door body is configured to be able to slide the guide roller in the axial direction, and the guide roller corresponds to the vertical movement of the door body. On the other hand, the shaft slides in the vertical direction, and the guide roller Within Le is substantially movably above the guide rail 12 is configured horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the guide rollers on a shaft provided in the upper portion of the other of the door body is rotatably opening and closing direction of the door body Since it is pivotally supported, it is folded with respect to the axis of the hinge structure of the plurality of door pairs and can be smoothly opened and closed in a compact manner.
[0026]
According to the door opening and closing structure of the present invention described in claim 3, in the configuration of claim 1 or 2, the bearing portion of the rotating shaft of the door body of the rotating mechanism is formed in a spiral groove. In addition to the effect of 1 or 2, the door body can be opened and closed smoothly by operating while the vertical movement of the door body is securely held in the spiral groove of the rotation mechanism.
According to the door opening and closing structure of the present invention as set forth in claim 4, in the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , the door is inclined from the passenger compartment side toward the outer end of the opening of the entrance. In addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 3 , the entrance of the step is provided with the turning mechanism, so that the entrance of the child and the elderly can be easily and easily performed, and the door The sealing function of the body entrance / exit can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a perspective view of an entrance / exit of a non-step bus to which a door opening / closing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a turning mechanism in which a spiral groove is provided in a bearing portion of a rotating shaft of a pair of door bodies coupled by a hinge structure shown by an arrow 2A in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing an operation of the rotation mechanism of the door body of FIG.
4 shows a mechanism for guiding a fixed guide roller at the upper end portion of the door body shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 (A) is a vertically wide guide provided on the vehicle body side for guiding the guide roller. FIG. 5B is a schematic explanatory view showing a rail, and FIG. 5B is a schematic explanatory view showing a side view of a portion related to the fixed guide roller and the guide rail shown in FIG.
5 shows a case where a vertically movable guide roller showing a modified example of the guide roller in FIG. 4 is applied. FIG. 5A is a schematic explanatory diagram of a vertically movable guide roller provided on a door body. ) Is a schematic explanatory view showing the rotation of the vertically movable guide roller of FIG. 5A with respect to the guide rail, and FIG. 5C shows an application example of FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the case where moves up and down.
6 is a schematic explanatory view showing a modification of the rotation mechanism shown in FIG. 2 and showing a case where the door body is attached to the bearing portion side having the spiral groove. FIG.
7 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a doorway and a door of a prior art, showing a related portion taken along line 7A-7A in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Car body 4 Opening 5 Hinge structure 6 Door 7a One side edge 7b Other side edge 8 Front pillar 11 Axis 10 Rotating shaft 12 Guide roller 12a Hole 13 Door engine 14 Guide rail 15 Outer end 17 Inclined portion 22 Spiral convex portion 24 Helical groove 26 Bearing part 30, 31 Spring retainer 32 Spring D Trajectory R of rear end of folding door R Rotation mechanism

Claims (4)

One side edge of one of the pair of door bodies provided at the entrance of the vehicle is fixed to a rotating shaft provided at a side of the opening of the entrance and exits, and the other door body is provided. A side edge and the other door body of the pair of door bodies are coupled by a hinge structure, and are folded toward the passenger compartment side with the hinge structure shaft as a fold to open and close the entrance / exit and to open the door body. When operating, the rotary shaft of the door body moves upward in the opening, and in the closing operation, the rotary shaft of the door body moves downward in the opening. A guide roller is pivotally supported on a shaft provided in the door body so as to be rotatable in the opening / closing direction of the door body, provided along the upper edge of the opening corresponding to the opening / closing operation of the door body, and wide in the vertical direction. The guide roller rolls in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in the formed guide rail. And, characterized by being configured the guide rail so as to be movably disposed in the vertical direction, the door opening and closing structure. One side edge of one of the pair of door bodies provided at the entrance of the vehicle is fixed to a rotating shaft provided at a side of the opening of the entrance and exits, and the other door body is provided. A side edge and the other door body of the pair of door bodies are coupled by a hinge structure, and are folded toward the passenger compartment side with the hinge structure shaft as a fold to open and close the entrance / exit and to open the door body. When operating, the rotary shaft of the door body moves upward in the opening, and in the closing operation, the rotary shaft of the door body moves downward in the opening. The shaft provided on the guide roller is configured to be slidable in the axial direction of the guide roller, and the shaft is slid vertically with respect to the guide roller in response to the vertical movement of the door body. Can move in the guide rail approximately horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. It said guide rail is formed, the other of the door body above the guide rollers on a shaft provided in the upper part of is characterized in that it is rotatably supported in the closing direction of the door body, a door opening and closing structure.   The door opening / closing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bearing portion of a rotation shaft of the door body of the rotation mechanism is formed in a spiral groove.   The said turning mechanism is provided in the said entrance / exit of the step which inclines downward toward the outer side edge part of the opening of the said entrance / exit from the said vehicle compartment side, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The door opening / closing structure described in the item.

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