JP3659633B2 - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a one-way clutch in which an outer ring and a shaft or an inner ring rotate relatively in one direction and are connected in the opposite direction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional one-way clutch, generally, 3 to 8 wedge-shaped pockets are formed in the outer ring, and a leaf spring and a roller are accommodated in each wedge-shaped pocket and are held by a cage so that they do not fall off. Yes. An annular metal for receiving the shaft or the inner ring is attached to both ends of the outer ring, and this metal also serves to prevent the leaf spring and the roller from falling out of the wedge-shaped pocket. Also, not only one-way clutches, but also bearings and torque limiters are often used by being housed in a resin housing. In this case, a one-way clutch, bearing, or torque limiter is installed in the housing. In general, the lid is closed after being put in.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the one-way clutch having such a structure (1) has 3 to 8 wedge-shaped pockets on the outer ring, and has rollers and leaf springs corresponding to the number, so that the number of parts is increased and the number of assembly steps is also increased. Therefore, it is not only economically disadvantageous, but also because the shield plate (side plate) is fixed to the inner ring or the outer ring and then stored in the housing, this further contributes to the high cost.
[0004]
(2) Since 3 to 8 wedge-shaped pockets are formed in the outer ring, the annular metal for continuously receiving the outer peripheral surface of the shaft or the inner ring as described above is formed on the side walls on both sides of the outer ring. This also contributes to the high cost.
[0005]
(3) As described above, when a one-way clutch composed of an outer ring incorporating a roller or the like is housed in a housing to make a final product, it must be closed with a lid to prevent the falling off. This increases the number of parts and man-hours and contributes to high costs.
[0006]
(4) Furthermore, the recent outer ring is relatively often made of an oil-impregnated sintered metal material to ensure lubricity, but as described above, the number of wedge-shaped pockets formed in the outer ring is large, so that the wedge-shaped The area of the inner surface of the outer ring between the pocket entrances becomes considerably small, and the oil on the inner surface of the outer ring that causes sliding friction with the shaft due to the effect of surface tension, etc. and the oil in the vicinity of it quickly disappear, maintaining the lubrication performance for a long period of time. It was difficult to do, and there were difficulties in terms of reliability.
[0007]
Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems and to obtain a one-way clutch that is excellent in economic efficiency and high in reliability.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first invention is a wedge-shaped pocket for accommodating a roller and a spring, which is a small space extending in the thickness direction from a pocket inlet formed on the annular inner peripheral surface so as to extend in the width direction. An outer ring provided, a shaft or inner ring that rotates relative to the outer ring in one direction, and is connected in the opposite direction; a housing member that houses the outer ring and is open at one end; A one-way clutch comprising a shield member combined on one open end, wherein the shield member is a shield member and a locking member fitted into a groove formed in the outer ring from one surface thereof The housing member includes an engaging portion that engages with an engaging portion formed on the engaging member, and the engaging member of the shield member is fitted into the groove of the outer ring. And said locking By the locking portion of the timber is engaged with the engaging portion of said housing member, said outer ring provides a one-way clutch, characterized in that to prevent the falling off from the housing member.
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is an outer ring having a wedge-shaped pocket for accommodating a roller and a spring, which is a small space extending in the thickness direction from a pocket inlet formed on the annular inner peripheral surface so as to extend in the width direction. The shaft or inner ring that rotates relative to the outer ring in the direction and connected in the opposite direction, the outer ring is accommodated, and the housing member that is open at one end side is combined with the open end side. A one-way clutch comprising a shield member, wherein the outer ring has one or two wedge-shaped pockets on the inner circumferential surface of the annular ring, and substantially 90 degrees with respect to the wedge-shaped pocket. The outer diameter of the outer surface in the direction out of phase is reduced, and the shield member has a locking member that extends from the opposing position of the shield portion and one surface thereof, and has a locking portion formed thereon, Howdin Member on the inside, provides a one-way clutch, wherein the engagement portion of the locking member of the shield member is provided with engaging portions for engaging wear.
[0010]
A third invention provides the one-way clutch according to the first invention or the second invention , wherein the shield member is made of a synthetic resin material or a metal material having elasticity.
[0018]
【Example】
An embodiment of the one-way clutch according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the one-way clutch of the present invention, the number of pocket inlets formed in the circumferential direction of the annular inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 1 and the number of wedge-shaped pockets extending from the outer ring 1 in the thickness direction is one or two. The first main feature is that the shield member 2 is easily locked to the housing 3 so that the shield member 2 is placed between the housing 3 and the outer ring 1 after the outer ring 1 is accommodated in the housing 3. The second main feature is that the outer ring 1 is prevented from falling out of the housing 3 by the shield member 2 that is engaged with the housing 3 and shields.
[0019]
FIG. 1A is a front view of a partial cross section as viewed from the shield member side, and FIG. 1B is a cross section viewed from the direction of arrows A and A ′ by cutting perpendicularly from the center in FIG. FIG. 2C is a rear view of the housing 3 as viewed from the closed side. The outer ring 1 has a shape as shown in FIG. 2, and a first annular inner peripheral surface portion 1b formed at a position where the two pocket inlets 1a are opposed to each other, and the pocket inlet 1a is not formed and is continuously formed. 2 annular inner peripheral surface portion 1c, wedge-shaped pocket 1d extending in the thickness direction from each pocket inlet 1a, arc-shaped outer periphery 1e positioned on each of two wedge-shaped pockets 1d, and a small-diameter outer periphery 1f positioned between them, A shallow rectangular groove 1g formed on each of the flat outer periphery 1f and a wedge-shaped pocket 1d are closed on one side, and a side wall 1h having a second annular inner peripheral surface portion 1c is provided.
[0020]
The first annular inner peripheral surface portion 1b and the second annular inner peripheral surface portion 1c form a shaft hole 4 through which a shaft or inner ring (not shown) is inserted, and the first annular inner peripheral surface portion 1b, A radial clearance between the second annular inner peripheral surface portion 1c and a shaft or inner ring (not shown) is formed to be small, and the outer ring 1 and the shaft or inner ring are relatively relative to each other while causing sliding friction between them. Thus, stable rotation can be performed, which contributes to a reduction in backlash.
[0021]
The outer ring 1 is made of an iron-based sintered alloy material that is a porous material, and oil is impregnated into the innumerable minute holes, that is, oil is contained. In this embodiment, since only two wedge-shaped pockets 1d are formed, the first annular shape is inevitably in the case of the same size as compared with the case where three or more wedge-shaped pockets 1d are formed. Since the area of the inner peripheral surface portion 1b is increased and the interval between the wedge-shaped pockets 1d is increased, the oil on the surface of the first annular inner peripheral surface portion 1b is difficult to disappear and retains lubricity for a long time. can do. Furthermore, the circumferential width of the two pocket inlets 1c formed at the opposing portions of the inner wall surface of the outer ring 1 is smaller than the diameter of the roller 5, and the shaft or inner ring (not shown) is the shaft hole of the outer ring 1. Even if it does not exist in 4, it does not fall off in the axial direction. Therefore, it is known that a separate cage is not required for this structure. Each of the two wedge-shaped pockets 1d is provided with a roller 5 and a leaf spring 6. Since these are the same as in the case of a normal one-way clutch, description thereof will be omitted. It should be noted that not only the iron-based sintered alloy material but also the outer ring made of a sintered metal material can be integrally formed by molding the side wall portion 1h, which has been difficult in the past, so that the conventionally required metal can be eliminated.
[0022]
Next, a metal material having a relatively excellent elastic force may be used, but here, a shield member 2 made of a synthetic resin material having a relatively excellent elastic force such as polyacetal will be described from the viewpoint of cost. As shown in FIG. 3, the shield member 2 includes a shield portion 2a and two rectangular plate-like locking members 2b extending from the shield portion 2a. The shield portion 2a has an arcuate outer periphery 2c corresponding to the arcuate outer periphery 1e of the outer ring 1, and a flat outer periphery 2d corresponding to the flat outer periphery 1f of the outer ring 1. A shaft hole 4 having the same diameter as the shaft hole 4 of the side wall 1h of the outer ring 1 is formed at the center of the shield part 2a. The aforementioned locking member 2b has a rectangular plate shape extending substantially perpendicularly from the center of each of the flat outer peripheries 2d, and a locking portion 2e for locking to a locking portion of the housing 3 to be described later on the outside. Have. In this embodiment, when the shield member 2 is assembled, the locking member 2b is guided into the groove 1g of the outer ring 1, and a part in the thickness direction of the locking member 2b is in the groove 1g of the outer ring 1. Fit.
[0023]
Next, the housing 3 will be described with reference to FIG. 4A and 4B are views showing only the housing 3, in which FIG. 4A is a top view thereof, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. 4A, and FIG. 3 is a rear view, and FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. One end 3a of the housing 3 is an open end that is closed by the shield member 2, and the other end is a bottom 3b. The housing 3 is characterized by being on the inner side, and the anti-rotation portion 3c is formed on the inner wall corresponding to the flat outer periphery 1f of the outer ring 1 and the flat outer periphery 2d of the shield member 2, respectively. A groove 3d is formed substantially at the center of the rotation preventing portion 3b, and when the shield member 2 is assembled, a part of the locking member 2b in the thickness direction is accommodated in the groove 3d. When the shield member 2 is assembled, the inner surface of the locking member 2b of the shield member 2 is in close contact with the groove 1g surface of the outer ring 1, and the outer surface of the locking member 2b is in close contact with the groove 3d surface of the anti-rotation portion 3c . This minimizes the play between the outer ring 1, the shield member 2, and the housing 3, and reduces the delay in torque transmission described later. A torque transmitting portion 3e, which is a rectangular protrusion, is provided on the outer wall of the bottom portion 3b with the shaft hole 4 interposed therebetween, and two rectangular holes 3f are provided at positions shifted by 90 degrees with respect to them.
[0024]
In the middle of the groove 3d of the rotation preventing portion 3c, there is an engaging portion 3g to which the engaging portion 2e of the engaging member 2b of the shield member 2 is engaged, and the engaging portion 2e is engaged with the engaging portion 3g. After stopping, the locking member 2b of the shield member 2 is prevented from coming off. That is, after housing the outer ring 1 in a predetermined assembly in the housing 3, the locking member 2 b of the shield member 2 is inserted into the groove 1 g of the outer ring 1 and the groove 3 d of the anti-rotation portion 3 c of the housing 3 from the opened side. And the locking portion 2e is locked to the engaging portion 3g of the rotation preventing portion 3c of the housing 3 so that the outer ring 1 does not fall out of the housing 3. Therefore, the shield member 2 not only performs a shielding function but also functions as a cover for the housing, and also functions as a conventional metal bearing by the function of the shaft hole. When the locking portion 2e of the locking member 2b of the shield member 2 is locked to the engaging portion 3g of the rotation preventing portion 3c of the housing 3, the tip of the locking member 2b is in the hole 3f of the housing bottom 3b. Located in the vicinity.
[0025]
In the one-way clutch assembled in this way, when a shaft or inner ring (not shown) rotates in a direction in which it can freely rotate, the shaft or inner ring has a first annular inner peripheral surface portion 1b of the outer ring 1 and its part. Sliding friction is performed between the second annular inner peripheral surface portion 1c of the side wall 1h, the inner peripheral wall forming the shaft hole 4 of the bottom 3a of the housing 3, and the inner peripheral wall forming the shaft hole 4 of the shield member 2, The torque between the outer ring 1 and the shaft or inner ring at that time is sufficiently small. In this state, when a shaft or inner ring (not shown) tries to rotate in the reverse direction, the roller 5 instantaneously moves in the reverse direction in the wedge-shaped pocket 1d and bites into the wedge-shaped portion. Since it protrudes somewhat into the shaft hole 4 rather than the annular inner peripheral surface portion 1b, a large torque is generated, and the outer ring 1 and the shaft or inner ring are connected. Along with this, a desired torque is generated in the torque transmission part 3e of the housing 3, and the torque is transmitted to a load (not shown) coupled to the torque transmission part 3e.
[0026]
Next, another example of the outer ring will be described with reference to FIG. This is an outer ring structure for a one-way clutch suitable for a load having a large radial load. One or two wedge-shaped pockets 1d and 1d 'are provided at opposite positions on both sides of the side wall 1h. The side wall 1h has a function as a side wall of the wedge-shaped pockets 1d and 1d 'and a function of receiving a shaft or an inner ring (not shown) with a slight radial gap and continuously generating sliding friction in the case of free rotation. .
[0027]
In addition, even if the latching | locking part 2e of the shield member 2 in the above Example and the engaging part 3g of the housing 3 are reverse, they perform the completely same function. In the above embodiment, two wedge-shaped pockets have been described. However, for a load having a relatively small torque, only one wedge-shaped pocket and one roller may be used. Further, the diameter of the shaft hole 4 of the shield member 1 and the shaft hole 4 of the housing 3 may be larger than the diameter of the shaft hole 4 of the outer ring 1. Furthermore, in order to make the inner diameter of the housing as small as possible, the outer ring 1 is provided with the groove 1g and the housing 3 is provided with the groove 3d. The outer surface 1f of the small diameter of the outer ring 1 may have various shapes. For example, only the groove 1g is formed deep from the outer periphery of the arc, and one of the locking members 2b of the shield member 2 and the rotation preventing portion of the housing 3 is formed in the groove. A structure in which a part enters may be used.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a highly reliable one-way clutch that has a small number of parts and is excellent in economy and can reduce the number of assembly steps.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a one-way clutch according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an example of an outer ring used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows an example of a shield member used in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a housing used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows another example of an outer ring used in the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ·· Outer ring 1a ··· Pocket entrance 1b ··· First annular inner peripheral surface portion 1c · · Second annular inner peripheral surface portion 1d · · Wedge-shaped pocket 1e · · Arc-shaped outer periphery 1f · · · 1 g of outer periphery, 1 h of groove, side wall 2, shield member 2 a, shield part 2 b, locking member 2 c, arcuate outer periphery 2 d, small diameter outer periphery 2 e, locking part 3, housing 3 b,・ Bottom part 3c ・ ・ Rotation stop part 3d ・ ・ Groove 3e ・ ・ Torque transmission part 3f ・ ・ Hole 3g ・ ・ Screw part 4 ・ ・ Shaft hole 5 ・ ・ Roller 6 ・ ・ Plate spring

Claims (3)

An outer ring having a wedge-shaped pocket for accommodating a roller and a spring, which is a small space extending in the thickness direction from a pocket inlet formed to extend in the width direction on an annular inner peripheral surface, and an outer ring in one direction A shaft or an inner ring that rotates relative to each other and is connected in the opposite direction, a housing member that houses the outer ring and that is open on one end side, and a shield member that is combined on the opened one end side. A one-way clutch
The shield member has a shield part and a locking member fitted into a groove formed in the outer ring from one surface thereof,
The housing member includes an engaging portion that engages with an engaging portion formed on the engaging member on an inner side of the housing member,
The locking member of the shield member is fitted into the groove of the outer ring, and the locking portion of the locking member is locked to the locking portion of the housing member, whereby the outer ring is moved to the housing. A one-way clutch characterized by preventing falling off of a member. An outer ring having a wedge-shaped pocket for accommodating a roller and a spring, which is a small space extending in the thickness direction from a pocket inlet formed to extend in the width direction on an annular inner peripheral surface, and an outer ring in one direction A shaft or an inner ring that rotates relative to each other and is connected in the opposite direction, a housing member that houses the outer ring and that is open on one end side, and a shield member that is combined on the opened one end side. A one-way clutch
The outer ring is provided with one or two wedge-shaped pockets on the inner circumferential surface of the annular ring, and the outer diameter of the outer surface in a direction shifted by 90 degrees with respect to the wedge-shaped pocket is small. ,
The shield member has a locking member that extends from a position where the shield portion and one surface thereof face each other, and in which a locking portion is formed,
The one-way clutch according to claim 1, wherein the housing member includes an engaging portion on an inner side of which the engaging portion of the engaging member of the shield member is engaged. In claim 1 or claim 2,
The one-way clutch, wherein the shield member is made of a synthetic resin material or a metal material having elasticity.

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