JP3660984B2 - Ship ballast water sterilizer - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for sterilizing ship's ballast water.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a ship with a small load will inject ballast water before leaving the port because of the need to ensure the depth of submersion of the propeller. Conversely, when loading in the port, the ballast water is discharged. By the way, when ballast water is poured and drained by a ship that reciprocates between A port and B port in different environments, there is a concern that the coastal ecosystem may be adversely affected due to the difference in microorganisms contained in the ballast water. .
Therefore, ballast water is currently being exchanged offshore. As a method of exchanging ballast water, there are a method of sequentially draining and pouring each ballast tank and a method of pouring a large amount of seawater into the tank to overflow. However, the former method requires not only extremely complicated operations to constantly satisfy the stability, load uniformity, propeller submersion depth, forward visibility, etc. necessary for ship safety, but also the hull motion caused by waves. There is a risk that a dangerous phenomenon called sloshing may occur in synchronization with the ballast water. In the latter method, there are problems such as an increase in tank pressure, deterioration of workability on the deck due to overflow, and large fuel costs due to water injection several times the tank capacity. In addition, the method of directly sterilizing ballast water has a problem of cost and an environmental impact due to chemicals.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the problems of the prior art as described above, the present invention makes it possible to appropriately and inexpensively sterilize ballast water by using high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main engine of a ship. An object of the present invention is to provide a marine ballast water sterilizer that can sufficiently contribute to environmental conservation associated with pouring and discharging ballast water at a port.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, a ship ballast water sterilization apparatus according to the present invention includes a radiator disposed in the middle of a first exhaust flow path of high-temperature exhaust gas guided from a main engine of the ship. A second exhaust passage that is disposed in the ballast tank and that directly goes from the main engine to the chimney is provided as a discharging means for the high-temperature exhaust gas, and a second exhaust passage that is interposed in the first exhaust passage is provided. the 1 temperature control system which performs switching control of the valve and the second valve interposed in the second discharge passage in response to a detection signal from a water temperature sensor provided in the ballast tank is provided et the It is a feature.
[0005]
The marine ballast water sterilizer according to the present invention is characterized in that the radiator is provided in a bottom portion of the ballast tank .
[0006]
Furthermore, the marine ballast water sterilizer of the present invention includes a first heat exchanger that heats the primary cooling water by heat exchange with high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main engine of the ship, and the first heat exchanger. And a second heat exchanger that heats the ballast water from the ballast pump by heat exchange using the primary cooling water heated in step 1, and heat-sterilizes the ballast water that reaches the ballast tank via the second heat exchanger. Water temperature sensors for detecting the water temperature of the primary cooling water in the first heat exchanger and the water temperature of the ballast water discharged from the second heat exchanger are provided, and each detection from the water temperature sensor is performed. In response to the signal, the opening control of the valve interposed in the exhaust pipe from the main engine to the chimney and the exhaust pipe from the main engine to the chimney via the first heat exchanger A water temperature control system that controls the valve opening is installed. It is characterized in that was.
[0007]
In ship ballast water disinfection apparatus of the present invention is also characterized in that the main engine is a gas turbine.
[0008]
In the marine ballast water sterilization apparatus of the present invention described above, the heat exchange means is used for heating the ballast water in the ballast tank or the ballast water introduced into the ballast tank using the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main engine. In addition, for example, by maintaining the ballast water at 40 ° C. or higher for 8 minutes (or 45 ° or higher for 3 minutes), for example, by sterilizing the ballast water through the water temperature control system. It will be possible to accurately carry out, and the adverse effects on the coastal ecosystem due to the injection and discharge of ballast water at the port will be prevented.
[0009]
And, as the heat exchanging means, the ballast tank is equipped with a radiator interposed in the middle of the exhaust gas discharge flow path, so that the ballast water can always be appropriately heated by a simple means. In particular, if the radiator is disposed in the vicinity of the bottom of the ballast tank, a convective action of the ballast water can be generated, and the ballast water can be efficiently and sterilized in sequence.
[0010]
In addition, when a heat exchanger is provided in the middle of the ballast water supply system from the ballast pump that sucks outside water to the ballast tank and the ballast water is heated by the exhaust gas that passes through the heat exchanger, Combined with the control of the water temperature of the ballast water by the control system, it is possible to appropriately perform the heat sterilization of the ballast water in advance before being injected into the ballast tank.
[0011]
In particular, the main engine is provided as a gas turbine, and the extremely high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine is heat-exchanged by the primary heat exchanger by the primary cooling water and heated by this. When the ballast water from the ballast pump is heated by the second heat exchanger in the secondary cooling water, the ballast water is efficiently and accurately heated. Arrangement is also set appropriately.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hull schematically showing a marine ballast water sterilizer as a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a hull longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the ballast water disinfection apparatus for ships as a form.
[0013]
First, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the ballast water in the ballast tanks 1a and 1b on both sides of the hull is replenished from outside the ship by a ballast pump (not shown). Yes.
[0014]
In each ballast tank 1a, 1b, radiators 3a, 3b interposed in the middle of discharge passages 2a, 2b for high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main engine 2 as a gas turbine or diesel engine are installed. Has been. As an exhaust gas exhaust passage, an exhaust passage 2c that directly goes from the main engine 2 to the chimney 6 is also provided.
[0015]
The water temperature control system 5 automatically manages the water temperature for sterilizing the ballast water in the ballast tanks 1a and 1b based on detection signals from the water temperature sensors 4a and 4b installed in the ballast tanks 1a and 1b. It has come to be performed. That is, valves 7 a, 7 b, 7 c that are controlled to be opened or closed by a control signal from the water temperature control system 5 are provided in the exhaust gas discharge passages 2 a, 2 b, 2 c from the main engine 2.
[0016]
With the above-described configuration, the water temperature control system 5 automatically controls so that only the valve 7c is opened and the other valves 7a and 7b are closed until the exhaust gas from the main engine 2 becomes sufficiently high at the time of departure. The
[0017]
When the exhaust gas reaches a required high temperature, the water temperature control system 5 opens the valve 7a and closes the other valves 7b and 7c, whereby the ballast water in the port ballast tank 1a is heated by the radiator 3a. Sterilization treatment is performed by holding at 40 ° C or higher for 8 minutes (or 45 ° or higher for 3 minutes).
[0018]
Next, the valve 7b is opened by the water temperature control system 5 and the other valves 7a and 7c are closed, so that the ballast water in the starboard ballast tank 1b is heated by the radiator 3b and similarly maintained at 40 ° C. or higher for 8 minutes. Is sterilized.
[0019]
Thus, when the sterilization process is completed for the ballast water in the ballast tanks 1a and 1b, the water temperature control system 5 opens the central valve 7c and the other valves 7a and 7b are closed, so that this ship is in a normal cruise state. To be kept.
It is also possible to supply sterilized ballast water in the left and right ballast tanks 1a and 1b to each ballast tank at the bow tail.
[0020]
As described above, in the marine ballast water sterilizer of the present embodiment, the heating of the ballast water in the ballast tanks 1a and 1b using the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main engine 2 serves as heat exchange means. The ballast water can be appropriately sterilized through the radiators 3a and 3b and the water temperature control system 5, and can be sterilized accurately. The negative impacts on the coastal ecosystem will be prevented.
[0021]
And since the heat radiator 3a, 3b interposed in the middle of the exhaust gas discharge flow path is equipped in the ballast tanks 1a, 1b, it is possible to always properly heat the ballast water by a simple means. next, especially radiators 3a, 3b ballast tanks 1a, by disposed to Rukoto near the bottom 1b, the generated convection action of the ballast water can be heat sterilization may sequentially efficiently the ballast water.
[0022]
Next, a marine ballast water sterilizer as a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, in a ship having ballast tanks 11 and 12 at the bow and stern, respectively, the gas as the main engine A generator 14 that is driven by the turbine 13 to generate electricity, a battery 15 that is charged by the generator 14, and a motor 17 that is driven by the power from the battery 15 to drive the propeller 16 are provided. A ballast pump 18 for supplying ballast water to the ballast tanks 11 and 12 via a heat exchanger 20 provided in the ballast water supply system is provided so that the ballast water can be sucked through the external water suction pipe 18a. The power supply to the motor 17 may be performed directly from the generator 14 when the gas turbine 13 is in the rated motion state.
[0023]
The motor 19 for driving the ballast pump 18 is also supplied with electric power from the battery 15 while being controlled by a water temperature control system 21 described later if necessary.
[0024]
The heat exchanger 20 is heated by the first heat exchanger 20a for heat exchange with the exhaust gas by the primary cooling water interposed in the exhaust system of the gas turbine 13 as a main engine, and the heat exchanger 20a. And a second heat exchanger 20b that heats the ballast water from the ballast pump 18 by heat exchange with the primary cooling water.
[0025]
The water temperature control system 21 responds to each detection signal from the water temperature sensor 22 that detects the water temperature of the primary cooling water in the first heat exchanger 20a and the water temperature of the ballast water discharged from the second heat exchanger 20b. The opening degree control of the valve 24 interposed in the exhaust pipe from the gas turbine 13 to the chimney 23 and the exhaust pipe from the gas turbine 13 to the chimney 23 via the first heat exchanger 20a are provided. In this way, the ballast water passing through the second heat exchanger 20b is subjected to a heat treatment of 40 ° C. or more for 8 minutes. ing.
[0026]
The ballast water is distributed to the ballast tank 11 at the bow and the ballast tank 12 at the stern by control of valves 26 and 27.
[0027]
Also in the case of the second embodiment described above, the heating of the ballast water introduced into the ballast tanks 11 and 12 using the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 13 as the main engine is performed by the heat exchanger 20 and Since it is appropriately performed via the water temperature control system 21, it is possible to accurately sterilize the ballast water by maintaining the ballast water at 40 ° C or higher for 8 minutes (or 45 ° or higher for 3 minutes). Therefore, adverse effects on the coastal ecosystem due to the pouring and discharging of ballast water at the port will be prevented.
[0028]
A heat exchanger 20 is provided in the middle of the ballast water supply system from the ballast pump 18 that sucks outside water to the ballast tanks 11 and 12, and the ballast water is heated by the exhaust gas that passes through the heat exchanger 20. Therefore, in combination with the water temperature management of the ballast water by the water temperature control system 21, it is possible to appropriately heat sterilize the ballast water in advance before injecting it into the ballast tanks 11 and 12.
[0029]
In particular, the main engine is provided as the gas turbine 13, and the extremely high temperature (about 600 ° C) exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 13 is heat-exchanged by the primary heat exchanger 20a with the primary cooling water. Since the ballast water from the ballast pump 18 is heated by the second heat exchanger 20b with the primary cooling water heated thereby, the ballast water is efficiently and accurately heated. As a result, the form and the onboard arrangement of the heat exchangers 20a and 20b are appropriately set.
[0030]
In the marine ballast water sterilizer of the second embodiment, a diesel engine may be used instead of the gas turbine 13, or the ballast water sterilizer of the first embodiment described above may be provided. .
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, the marine ballast water sterilizer according to the present invention provides the following effects.
(1) Using the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main engine, the heating of the ballast water in the ballast tank or the ballast water introduced into the ballast tank is appropriately performed through the heat exchange means and the water temperature control system. For example, by keeping the ballast water at 40 ° C or higher for 8 minutes (or 45 ° or higher for 3 minutes), the ballast water can be sterilized accurately at the port. Adverse effects on coastal ecosystems caused by injecting and draining ballast water will be prevented.
(2) As the heat exchange means, the ballast tank is equipped with a radiator interposed in the middle of the exhaust gas discharge flow path, so that the ballast water is always appropriately heated by a simple means. becomes possible, in particular the radiator by Rukoto be disposed near the bottom of the ballast tank and cause convection of ballast water, it is possible to heat sterilization may sequentially efficiently the ballast water.
(3) When a heat exchanger is provided in the middle of the ballast water supply system from the ballast pump that sucks outside water to the ballast tank, and the ballast water is heated by the exhaust gas that passes through the heat exchanger, Combined with the water temperature management of the ballast water by the water temperature control system, the ballast water can be appropriately heat-sterilized in advance before being injected into the ballast tank.
(4) In particular, the main engine is provided as a gas turbine, and the extremely high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine is heat-exchanged in the primary heat exchanger by the primary cooling water, thereby heating When the ballast water from the ballast pump is heated by the second heat exchanger with the primary cooling water that has been generated, the ballast water is efficiently and accurately heated. The form and the arrangement in the ship will also be set appropriately.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hull schematically showing a marine ballast water sterilizer as a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a hull longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a marine ballast water sterilizer as a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main engine 1a, 1b Ballast tank 2a, 2b, 2c Exhaust gas discharge flow path 3a, 3b Radiator 4a, 4b Water temperature sensor 5 Water temperature control system 6 Chimney 7a, 7b, 7c Valve
11, 12 Ballast tank
13 Gas turbine
14 Generator
15 battery
16 propeller
17 Motor
18 Ballast pump
18a Outside water suction pipe
19 Motor
20 heat exchanger
20a 1st heat exchanger
20b Second heat exchanger
21 Water temperature control system
22 Water temperature sensor
23 Chimney
24-27 valves

Claims (4)

A radiator disposed in the middle of the first exhaust flow path of the high-temperature exhaust gas led from the main engine of the ship is disposed in the ship's ballast tank and serves as a discharge means for the high-temperature exhaust gas. A second discharge flow path directed directly from the main engine to the chimney is also provided, and includes a first valve interposed in the first discharge flow path and a second valve interposed in the second discharge flow path. wherein the temperature control system is provided et the made according to switching control of a detection signal from a water temperature sensor provided within the ballast tanks, ship ballast water sterilizer. The marine ballast water sterilizer according to claim 1, wherein the radiator is provided in a bottom portion of the ballast tank . A first heat exchanger that heats the primary cooling water by heat exchange with high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the main engine of the ship, and a ballast pump by the primary cooling water heated by the first heat exchanger. A second heat exchanger that heats the ballast water by heat exchange, and in order to perform heat sterilization of the ballast water that reaches the ballast tank via the second heat exchanger, A water temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the secondary cooling water and the temperature of the ballast water discharged from the second heat exchanger is provided, and the main engine reaches the chimney according to each detection signal from the water temperature sensor. A water temperature control system that performs opening degree control of a valve interposed in the exhaust pipe and opening degree control of a valve interposed in the exhaust pipe from the main engine to the chimney via the first heat exchanger. Ship ballast water, characterized in that it is provided Filtering apparatus. The main engine, characterized in that it is a gas turbine, ship ballast water disinfection apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3.

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