JP3663573B2 - Wooden frame - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wooden frame that can ensure excellent seismic performance without using hardware.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, traditional wooden architecture in Japan, represented by temples and shrines, is based on a wooden framework that combines pillars, long presses, ground cover and other members. And since it is necessary to ensure earthquake resistance while connecting each member based on a wooden frame, it is usual to use a metal part together.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the use of hardware that is inevitable to corrode for many years in the wooden frame detracts from the excellent durability inherent in wooden architecture (Horyu-ji is well over a thousand years). Therefore, it is desired to develop a modern wooden frame that can ensure excellent earthquake resistance with only a wooden frame without using any hardware.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-way head in which a cross-shaped groove is formed by carving a pillar head in a wooden shaft having a head perforation between pillar heads, and a cross-shaped groove is formed in the groove. Both the head penetration and the groove are formed with engaging portions having sliding gradient surfaces for sliding the heads in the radial direction by sliding in contact with each other by dropping the head penetration. Is.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 2 is a wooden frame in which a pillar is built on a cornerstone and a head through is provided between the pillar heads, and a cross-shaped groove is formed by carving the pillar head, The head penetrations in two directions intersecting with each other are dropped and fitted, and both the head penetration and the groove have sliding slope surfaces for sliding the heads of the heads inward in the radial direction by sliding the head penetrations. While forming the engaging portion, a pair of long presses sandwiching the column head is provided immediately below the head penetration, and both the long presses are engaged with the column head in a relatively non-rotatable state, and the long presses are pulled independently. And a hemispherical concave portion into which the convex portion is fitted to the bottom surface of the column, and the hemispherical convex portion is formed on the upper surface of the foundation stone. Fit the convex and concave parts It is those which built up the pillar on the cornerstones in a state allowed and which permits tilting and lifting pillar is.
[0010]
In the invention of claim 3 , a pillar is built on the cornerstone to provide a head perforation between the heads of the pillar, and a plurality of perforations are passed between the pillars and the perforations are closed with a force plate to form a plate wall. In a wooden shaft assembly in which a braid is attached to a range surrounded by an elbow tree through the bracelet and the headpiece, a cross-shaped groove is formed by carving the head of the column, and the groove is in a phased state. The head penetrations in two directions intersecting with each other are dropped and fitted, and both the head penetration and the groove have sliding slope surfaces for sliding the heads of the heads inward in the radial direction by sliding the head penetrations. While forming an engaging portion, a hemispherical convex portion is formed on the upper surface of the foundation stone, and a hemispherical concave portion is formed on the bottom surface of the column, and the convex portion and the concave portion are provided. Column with fitting and allowing tilting and lifting of column It is built on the cornerstone, and the end of the force plate is engaged with the vertical groove formed in the column so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction, and the force plate and the through are relatively relative to each other in the length direction. A wooden dowel is interposed between them so as to be displaceable, and in addition, both the upper edge of the board and the through elbow tree, and both the lower edge of the board and the head penetration, respectively. The engaging part which engages mutually and regulates the horizontal displacement of a gutter board is provided.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention, and details of a II part, a III part, and an IV part in FIG. 1 are shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The wooden frame of the first embodiment includes a pillar 1, a head penetration 2, a long press 3, and a ground cover 4. A head penetration 2 is connected to the pillar head of the pillar 1 by a wooden frame shown in FIG. In other words, a cross-shaped groove 5 is formed by carving in the column head, and the two-way head perforations 2 are dropped into and inserted into the groove 5. Further, both of the head penetration 2 and the groove 5 are formed with engaging portions 6 having sliding slope surfaces for sliding in contact with each other when the head penetration 2 is dropped and tightening the column head inward in the radial direction. Conventionally, it was almost impossible to expect the proof strength of a general wooden column (head) with a pillar and head penetration, but as mentioned above, due to the tightening force caused by the engagement between the engaging portions 6, this wooden frame does not have any hardware. Without using it, the proof strength is enhanced compared to the conventional wooden frame, and the seismic performance can be greatly improved.
[0012]
Moreover, the long press 3 provided just under the head penetration 2 is attached with respect to the column head with the wooden frame of the structure shown in FIG. That is, a groove 7 is formed at the bottom of the pillar at the bottom of the groove 5 over the entire circumference of the pillar, the bottom of which forms an octagon, and both long presses 3 sandwiching the pillar 1 are semicircular notches. And an engaging portion 8 that engages with the groove 7 is formed in the cutout portion. By fitting the engaging portion 8 into the groove 7, both long presses 3 are formed on the column head. On the other hand, the pillar 1 is sandwiched in a state where relative rotation is impossible. Then, the two long presses 3 are attracted to each other by being fastened to the vehicle by the pulling rod 9 and the vehicle stopper 10 so that the column heads are tightened by the long push 3 in addition to the tightening by the head penetration 2 described above. It is also tightened by, and further strengthening of the proof stress is realized.
[0013]
Further, the pillar 1 is built on the foundation stone 11 with the structure shown in FIG. That is, a hemispherical convex portion (round dowel) 12 is formed on the top surface of the cornerstone 11, and a hemispherical concave portion 13 that fits the convex portion 12 is provided on the bottom surface of the pillar 1. The pillar 1 is built in a state in which the convex portion 12 and the concave portion 13 are fitted. And although the ground cover 4 is connected to the column base part by a normal wooden frame, the column 1 is not directly connected to the foundation stone 11, so that this frame group receives a horizontal force. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3C, the column 1 is allowed to be slightly inclined and lifted so as to ride on the convex portion 12. By building the column 1 with such a structure, damage to the column base part during an earthquake is prevented, and the restoring force against the inclination of the column 1 is fully exhibited in the entire wooden frame, and the earthquake resistance performance is greatly improved. It is possible to do.
[0014]
5 to 10 show a second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the long press 3 is omitted from the wooden shaft assembly of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the plate wall 14 is incorporated, and the dough assembly 15 is provided. Details of the VII part, the VIII part, the IX part, and the X part are shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, respectively. The configurations of the II part and the IV part are the same as in the first embodiment.
[0015]
In the wooden frame of the second embodiment, the inner leg 16 and the foot anchor 17 are passed to the upper and lower parts between the pillars 1 respectively, and a plurality of (three in the illustrated example) penetrating them. 18 is passed, and between the head penetration 2, inner penetration 16, each penetration 18, foot fixation 17, and ground cover 4 is blocked by a plurality of force plates 19 (in the illustrated example), the plate wall 14 is configured. doing. Although the inner frame 16 and the foot anchor 17 and the column 1 are of a normal structure as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, for example, each of the through holes 18 and each of the force plates 19 has the structure shown in FIG. It is attached to the pillar 1. That is, the end portion of the through hole 18 is fastened to the column 1 by a sickle, and the end portion of the force plate 19 is inserted into the longitudinal groove 20 formed in the column 1 so as to be vertically displaceable. The through holes 18 and the force plates 19 are connected to each other so as to be relatively displaceable in the length direction, and wooden dowels 21 are interposed between them at a predetermined interval (for example, about 300 mm). ing. In a wooden frame having a plate wall 14 having such a structure, when a horizontal force is applied during an earthquake, each force plate 19 tends to shift vertically with respect to the pillar 1 and the force plate 19 and the through hole 18 are Although it tends to shift in the horizontal direction, such a shift is constrained by the dowels 21, so that excellent horizontal strength is exhibited, and moreover, due to minute deformation of the dowels 21 and frictional forces between the columns 1, throughs 18, and force plates 19. A vibration damping effect can also be expected. That is, the plate wall 14 behaves like a damper built-in type earthquake resistant wall in a modern building, and the use of such a plate wall 14 can greatly improve the earthquake resistance performance of the wooden frame.
[0016]
In addition, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the toy set 15 in the second embodiment is provided with a set 26 including a canister 23, an elbow 24, and a winding funnel 25 connected to each other by a dowel 22. The objects 26 are connected to each other by an elbow tree 27, a dome is placed between the threaded elbow tree 27 and the headpiece, and a plate 29 as a small wall is provided in the range surrounded by the braid 26, the headpiece 2 and the through elbow tree 27. It is set as the structure which attached. As usual, the upper plate 29 is fitted into a groove 30 formed on the lower surface of the elbow 27, and the lower edge of the lower plate 29 is fitted into a groove 31 formed on the upper surface of the head penetration 2. However, in the second embodiment, a step-like engagement for restricting the horizontal displacement of the flange plate 29 in both the upper and lower edge portions of the flange plate 29 and the grooves 30 and 31 into which they are fitted. A joint portion 32 is provided. With such a structure, when the shaft is about to be deformed by a horizontal force at the time of an earthquake, the anchor plate 29 restrains it, and thereby a conventional general shaft that does not expect such a function from the anchor plate. Seismic performance can be improved compared to the pair.
[0017]
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the wooden frame of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment . Of course, the wooden frame of the pillar 1 and the head penetration 2 shown in FIG. Each component in each embodiment, that is, the long press 3 shown in FIG. 3, the built-in structure of the pillar 1 shown in FIG. 4, the structure of the plate wall 14 shown in FIG. 8, and shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. It is only necessary to use a wooden frame assembly provided with any one of the mounting structures of the plate 29 alone or in any combination, and in any case, it is superior to a conventional general wooden frame without using any hardware. Seismic performance can be secured.
[0018]
It should be noted that the present invention is not only applied to the construction of new wooden buildings such as shrines and temples, but is also preferably applied to the repair and seismic reinforcement of existing wooden buildings with historical value. . In that case as well, there is no sense of incongruity because the appearance is not different from that of traditional wooden buildings.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
The wooden frame of the invention of claim 1 is formed by carving a pillar head to form a cross-shaped groove, into which a two-way head perforation intersecting a phased state is dropped and fitted. By forming an engaging part with a slip-graded surface on both sides and making it a wooden braid that tightens the column head radially inward by dropping the head through, compared to the conventional general wooden braid without using hardware The bearing strength of the shaft can be greatly improved, and excellent seismic performance can be secured.
[0024]
Since the wooden frame of the invention of claim 2 is a combination of the invention of claim 1 with a long-pressed wooden frame and a built-in structure of pillars, it is possible to ensure more excellent seismic performance.
[0025]
Since the wooden frame of the invention of claim 3 is a combination of the invention of claim 1 with a pillar erection structure, a plate wall structure, and a saddle plate mounting structure, further excellent earthquake resistance performance Can be secured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an elevation view showing a wooden frame of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a part II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a portion III in FIG.
4 is a detailed view of a part IV in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an elevation view showing a wooden frame of a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a VI part in FIG. 5;
7 is a detailed view of a portion VII in FIG.
8 is a detailed view of a portion VIII in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a detailed view of a part IX in FIG.
10 is a detailed view of a portion X in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pillar 2 Head penetration 3 Long press 4 Ground cover 5 Groove 6 Engagement part 7 Groove 8 Engagement part 9 Pulling shaft 10 Car door plug 11 Foundation stone 12 Convex part 13 Concave part 14 Wall 15
17 Foot stick
18 through 19 force plate 20 longitudinal groove 21 dowel 26 braid 27 through elbow 29 heel plate 32 engaging portion

Claims (3)

In the wooden frame that is provided with a head through between the column heads,
The head of the pillar is carved to form a cross-shaped groove, and a two-way head penetration intersecting the phase-out state is dropped into the groove, and the head penetration is dropped into both the head penetration and the groove. A wooden frame, characterized in that an engaging portion having a sliding gradient surface for sliding in contact with each other to tighten the column heads radially inward is formed. In the wooden frame which built the pillar on the cornerstone and provided the head through between the pillar heads,
The head of the pillar is carved to form a cross-shaped groove, and a two-way head penetration intersecting the phase-out state is dropped into the groove, and the head penetration is dropped into both the head penetration and the groove. To form an engaging portion having a sliding slope surface for sliding the heads of the pillars inward in the radial direction by sliding contact with each other,
A pair of long presses sandwiching the column head is provided directly below the head penetration, and both the long presses are engaged with the column head in a state in which they cannot be rotated relative to each other, and these long presses are pulled toward each other by a self-locking vehicle wiping. Tighten and hold the column head,
A hemispherical convex portion is formed on the upper surface of the cornerstone, and a hemispherical concave portion into which the convex portion is fitted is provided on the bottom surface of the column, the convex portion and the concave portion are fitted, and the inclination of the column and A wooden frame that is built with pillars on the foundation stone in a state that allows floating. A pillar is built on the cornerstone to provide head perforations between the heads of the pillars, and a plurality of perforations are passed between the pillars and the perforations are closed with a force plate to form a plate wall. In a wooden frame that has a board attached to the area surrounded by the elbow tree through the object, the head and the head,
The head of the pillar is carved to form a cross-shaped groove, and a bilateral head perforation intersecting the phased state is dropped into the groove, and both the head perforation and the groove are dropped into the head perforation. To form an engaging portion having a sliding slope surface for sliding the heads of the pillars inward in the radial direction by sliding contact with each other,
A hemispherical convex portion is formed on the upper surface of the cornerstone, and a hemispherical concave portion into which the convex portion is fitted is provided on the bottom surface of the column, the convex portion and the concave portion are fitted, and the inclination of the column and The pillar is built on the foundation stone in a state that allows the lift,
The end portions of the force plates are engaged in vertical grooves formed in the pillars so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction, and the force plates and the penetrating members are connected in series so as to be relatively displaceable in their length directions. With wooden dowels in between
Both the upper edge and the through elbow of the board and both the lower edge and the head of the board are provided with engaging portions that engage with each other and restrict the horizontal displacement of the board. Characteristic wooden frame.

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