JP3664673B2 - Slope greening method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a technique for constructing a slope where a plant can grow on an inclined surface of a mountainous area or an inclined surface of a newly established land.
[0002]
[Prior art]
On sloped ground such as mountainous areas or newly developed land, slope planting work is being carried out for the purpose of improving the landscape. In such slope revegetation work, conventionally, a construction method has been adopted in which an auxiliary member for preventing landslide collapse, a net or the like is fixed to the ground surface, and a guest soil layer is formed thereon. In addition, various auxiliary members and nets have been developed for use in such slope planting work.
[0003]
Conventional slope greening techniques are disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 6-257157 and 9-119136.
[0004]
In the slope revegetation method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-257157, a fixed vegetation bag through which a seedling root can penetrate is placed and fixed on a soil retaining stopper fixed on a construction surface. Then, a greening slope is constructed by planting seedlings in this vegetation bag.
[0005]
On the other hand, in the slope greening method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-119136, a plurality of fences are connected and fixed on the slope to form a plurality of weirs. A greening slope is constructed by forming a rooting layer by covering with a soil and applying a soil including fertilizers and plant seeds.
[0006]
In addition, as another slope revegetation method, a plurality of mesh-type soil retaining stoppers are placed on the slope, covered with a wire mesh, etc., and a soil layer mixed with plant seeds etc. There is a method of constructing a greening slope by forming.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of the slope revegetation method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-257157, vegetation bags filled with mixed soil must be installed and fixed on a number of retaining stoppers fixed on the construction surface. In addition, a lot of labor and time are required for the filling work of the mixed soil, the transportation work and the installation work of the vegetation bag filled with the mixed soil, and the construction period is prolonged.
[0008]
Since the slope revegetation method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-119136 is to form a weir by connecting and fixing a number of fences, it is necessary to provide a connection mechanism for each fence. The structure is complicated, and it takes a lot of work to produce. In addition, since it is necessary to form a continuous weir by connecting and fixing the fence-like bodies in the lateral direction, it is difficult to adopt it on slopes with many irregularities and undulations.
[0009]
In addition, in the case of the revegetation slope method in which a plurality of net-like earth retaining stoppers are arranged on the slope, covered with a wire mesh, etc., and a soil layer with plant seeds mixed on them is formed. Since the net-like earth retaining stopper does not have water retention, the water and nutrients required by the plant cannot be sufficiently retained, and the growth state of seedlings and the like may deteriorate in regions where there is little rainfall.
[0010]
On the other hand, in the mountainous areas, a large amount of thinned wood is generated. When heavy rains occur, the thinned wood left on the inclined surface flows into the river as a driftwood, causing disasters in dams, reservoirs or downstream areas. It is a factor.
[0011]
The present invention has been made with the intention of effectively using such thinned wood, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is that there is no outflow or collapse of the guest soil layer and water retention An object of the present invention is to provide a slope revegetation method capable of constructing a revegetation slope with excellent plant growth and good growth.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the slope greening method of the present invention, support members made of wood are arranged in a shelf or zigzag form on the ground, and a lump of foamed glass having open cells is placed between the ground and the support members. A guest soil layer is laid and covers the support member and the massive body. Here, arranging in a shelf means that the supporting members are arranged so as to form a continuous shelf in the horizontal direction on the ground, and arranging in a zigzag form means that a plurality of supporting members are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions on the ground. Are arranged at predetermined intervals, and are arranged such that the support members and the spaces between them are alternately arranged in the upper and lower rows in the row of the support members adjacent in the vertical direction.
[0013]
The support member made of wood has appropriate water absorption and water retention, and the foamed glass lump has a large number of open cells. Since it has a function of absorbing and transmitting excessive moisture, the support member is arranged in a shelf or zigzag on the ground, and a lump is laid between the ground and the support member to cover them If the soil layer is formed, the soil layer is firmly fixed by the support member placed on the ground, so that the soil layer is prevented from flowing out and collapsing, and exhibits excellent water retention. Moisture necessary for growth and nutrients contained in the moisture can be retained for a long period of time, and a planting method with good plant growth can be constructed.
[0014]
In addition, since the foamed glass lump has continuous bubbles from the outer periphery to the inside, it becomes a residence for beneficial soil microorganisms in the soil layer, and these functions also activate plant growth. The Furthermore, since the lump is glassy, it is chemically stable and does not cause elution or corrosion of harmful substances, so there is no risk of environmental pollution and it has excellent durability.
[0015]
Here, the support member can be manufactured using general timber, but it is preferable to manufacture using thinned wood, which makes it possible to effectively use the thinned wood left on the slopes of mountainous areas. It will be possible to use it, and it will be possible to prevent harmful effects caused by drifting of thinned wood. In addition, agglomerates can be manufactured with new glass materials, but since they can be manufactured using discarded empty bottles and glass waste materials as raw materials, glass resources can be effectively used, and illegal use of glass waste materials can be achieved. Abandonment is reduced, which can contribute to the protection of the natural environment.
[0016]
In addition, about the support member which uses a timber as a raw material, the shape, size, etc. are not specifically limited, When considering the average construction conditions of a slope planting construction site, a diameter of about 100 to 300 mm and a length of 500 A log material (cylindrical body) of about ˜5000 mm is suitable. Also, the shape and size of the foamed glass block is not particularly limited, but in consideration of the average construction conditions, an indefinite shape having an outer diameter of about 5 to 50 mm is preferable. When the laying is performed between the ground and the support member, it is desirable that the lumps adhere to each other and can be laid without a gap.
[0017]
Further, in the slope revegetation method of the present invention, support members made of wood are arranged in a shelf or staggered manner on the ground, and a lump of foamed glass having open cells between the ground and the support members. A body is laid, a net-like body is stretched in a state of covering the support member and the lump body, and a soil layer for covering the support member, the lump body and the net-like body is further formed.
[0018]
A net-like body is stretched to cover the support member and foamed glass block placed on the ground, and a soil layer is formed on them, so the soil layer is more firmly fixed and grows here. Since the roots of the plants to be stretched so as to be entangled with the reticulate body, the function of preventing the outflow and collapse of the soil layer and the loss of the plants is further improved.
[0019]
Here, the above-mentioned soil layer can be formed by spraying a base material containing foamed glass granules having open cells, compost, plant seeds, and an adhesive on the ground. By spraying and curing such a base material, the surface of the soil layer becomes moderate enough to allow the plant to grow. In the layer, the granular material of foamed glass, compost, and plant seeds are consolidated together by the action of the adhesive material contained in the base material to form an aggregated structure. The vegetation slope with excellent durability can be constructed without the occurrence of erosion and scattering of the base material due to wind. Moreover, since this soil layer can maintain a suitable water retention even during the dry season, the plant does not die, and a stable growth state can be ensured.
[0020]
In addition, since the base material constituting the soil layer contains the foamed glass granules, it is possible to secure gaps necessary for the growth of plant roots and buds in the soil layer. Therefore, after the construction is completed, the germinated plant seeds can grow from the surface of the soil layer to the outside while absorbing nutrients contained in the compost, etc., and a rich greening slope can be constructed. This granular material is formed of foamed glass with a large number of minute open cells, is relatively light, absorbs groundwater and rainwater appropriately, and has the function of allowing excess moisture to pass through. Even after a long period of time, the initial lightweight property is not lost, and the outflow or collapse of the soil layer can be prevented.
[0021]
Furthermore, since the foamed glass granular material has continuous bubbles from the outer periphery to the inside thereof, it becomes a residence for beneficial soil microorganisms in the soil layer, and the growth state of the plant is also activated by these functions. Since these granular materials are glassy, they are chemically stable, and no leaching of harmful substances or corrosion occurs, so there is no risk of environmental pollution and excellent durability. In addition, since the granular material of foamed glass can be produced using not only new glass materials but also discarded empty bottles and glass waste materials as raw materials, it is intended to effectively utilize resources and contribute to the protection of the resource environment. Can do.
[0022]
As compost, a mixture of organic substances made by stacking fallen leaves, straw, dust, wild grass, etc. and decaying is suitable, and it becomes a nutrient source when plant seeds contained in the soil layer grow In addition, since it has effects such as enhancement of fertilizer retention, improvement of water retention and air permeability, and promotion of soil microorganism activity, a good plant growth base can be formed. In this case, if various chemical fertilizers are added to the base material, the growth of the plant can be further promoted.
[0023]
On the other hand, by arranging a support member made of wood between the support members adjacent to each other in the vertical direction of the ground, it is possible to form a structure in which the support members are connected to each other vertically and horizontally on the ground. Therefore, the holding power of the customer soil layer can be increased, and the function of preventing the customer soil layer from flowing out or collapsing can be further improved.
[0024]
In addition, by providing a through-hole having a water-permeable function in the support member made of wood, it becomes possible to allow rainwater or the like that has permeated into the soil layer to flow downward through the through-hole. As a result, the excess soil moisture can be efficiently discharged, maintaining the moisture content and breathability suitable for plant growth, and preventing the soil from flowing out due to rain. .
[0025]
The size and number of through-holes and the positions where the through-holes are provided are not particularly limited. However, it is desirable to provide a plurality of through-holes so as to penetrate in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the support member. It is desirable that the constituent material of the soil layer such as a lump of glass or a granular material of foamed glass does not pass.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a process explanatory view of a slope greening method according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a fixing procedure of a support member during the slope greening process of FIG. 1, and FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the supporting member in the process of a slope greening method, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the greening slope constructed | assembled by the slope greening method shown in FIG.
[0027]
In the slope greening method of the present embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), anchor bolts 2 are driven and fixed at predetermined intervals on the inclined ground 1 on which the green slope is to be constructed. A part of the side surface of the support member 3 made of thinned wood is brought into close contact with the surface of the ground 1 through the anchor bolt 2 and fixed. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, after the anchor bolt 2 fixed to the ground 1 is inserted into the bolt hole 4 previously opened in the support member 3, the support member 3 is locked to the surface of the ground 1. The support member 3 is fixed in close contact with the surface of the ground 1 by screwing the nut 5 onto the tip of the anchor bolt 2. In addition to the bolt holes 4, the support member 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes 6 having a water passing function, so that the axial direction of the through holes 6 is substantially parallel to the surface of the ground 1. The member 3 is disposed.
[0028]
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of support members 3 having an outer diameter of about 100 to 300 mm and a length of about 500 to 5000 mm are arranged on the surface of the ground 1 in a staggered manner. According to other construction conditions, it is desirable to arrange them at intervals of about 0.5 to 3.0 m in the vertical and horizontal directions. When the placement and fixing of the support member 3 is completed, the foamed glass lump 7 is laid between the ground 1 and each support member 3, respectively, and the state shown in FIG. In this case, the lump 7 of foamed glass can be laid between the ground 1 and the support member 3 while being separated from each other, but the lump 7 thus laid is an air gun in the step of spraying the base material 10 to be described later. In order to avoid being blown away by a method such as that described above, it is desirable that a net bag 15 formed of a flexible net material filled with the lump 7 is disposed between the ground 1 and the support member 3.
[0029]
After the placement and fixing of the support member 3 and the installation of the foamed glass block 7 are completed, a lath wire mesh 8 is stretched so as to cover the ground 1, the support member 3 and the block 7 as shown in FIG. Then, it is fixed to the ground 1 using the locking pin 9. Here, the lath wire mesh 8 is a rhombus wire mesh made of a galvanized iron wire, and a mesh body having parallelogram stitches formed by entanglement of row lines bent into a mountain shape at a constant pitch. It is.
[0030]
When the stretch of the lath wire mesh 8 is completed, the base material 10 is sprayed toward the ground 1 so as to cover the ground 1, the support member 3, the mass 7 and the lath wire mesh 8 as shown in FIG. The soil layer 11 is formed by curing. Since the base material 10 contains foamed glass granules 12 having open cells, compost, plant seeds, adhesives, chemical fertilizers, etc., as time passes after completion of construction, as shown in FIG. Plant seeds in the soil layer 11 germinate and the plant 13 grows toward the outside, and a green planting slope 14 is built.
[0031]
The support member 3 made of thinned wood has wood fibers with appropriate water absorption and water retention, and the foamed glass lump 7 has a large number of open cells, such as groundwater and rainwater. The support member 3 is arranged in a staggered manner on the ground 1, and the lump 7 is laid between the ground 1 and the support member 3. If the soil layer 11 covering these is formed, the soil layer 11 is firmly fixed by the support member 3 disposed on the ground 1, so that the overflow and collapse of the soil soil layer 11 are prevented and excellent. The water retentivity is exhibited, the moisture necessary for the growth of the plant 13 and the nutrients contained in the moisture can be maintained for a long period of time, and the greening slope 14 where the plant 13 grows well can be constructed.
[0032]
Further, a lath wire mesh 8 is stretched so as to cover the ground 1, the support member 3, and the massive body 7, and the base material 10 is sprayed and cured thereon to form the customer soil layer 11, so that the customer soil layer 11 is fixed to the ground 1 very firmly, and the plant 13 that grows in the soil layer 11 grows so as to be entangled with the lath wire mesh 8 and the lump 7. Dropout can be effectively prevented. It should be noted that the customer soil layer 11 can be formed without the lath wire mesh 8 if the ground 1 has a gentle slope and the construction conditions such as the adhesion of the base material 10 to the ground 1 are strong.
[0033]
Moreover, since the lump 7 and the granular material 12 of foamed glass have continuous bubbles from the outer periphery to the inside thereof, they become a residence for beneficial soil microorganisms and the like in the soil layer 11, and the plant is also activated by these functions. Is activated. Furthermore, since the lump 7 and the granule 12 are both glassy, they are chemically stable, and no harmful substances, elution or corrosion occur, so there is no risk of environmental pollution and excellent durability. .
[0034]
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the soil layer 11 is formed by spraying the base material 10 containing the granular material 12, compost, plant seeds, adhesive material, chemical fertilizer and the like on the ground 1 and curing it. In the soil layer 11, the granular material 12, compost, plant seeds, and the like are solidified together by the adhesive material included in the base material 10 to form an aggregate structure. The scattering of the base material 10 due to wind can be prevented.
[0035]
The compost contained in the base material 10 is a mixture of organic substances made by stacking fallen leaves, straw, dust, wild grass, etc., and rotted, and is a nutrient source for the growth of plant seeds contained in the soil layer 11 In addition, since it has effects such as enhancement of fertilizer retention, improvement of water retention and air permeability, and promotion of activity of soil microorganisms, it can form a good plant growth base. Moreover, since the chemical fertilizer is added to the base material 10, the growth of the plant 13 can be further promoted.
[0036]
Moreover, since the customer soil layer 11 contains the granular material 12 of foamed glass, the clearance gap required for growth, such as a root of a plant 13, a bud, can be ensured inside the customer soil layer 11, After the construction is completed, the germinated plant seeds grow smoothly from the surface of the soil layer 11 to the outside while absorbing nutrients contained in compost and the like, and a lush green slope 14 can be constructed. As described above, the granular material 12 is formed of foamed glass having a large number of minute open cells, is relatively lightweight, and has a function of absorbing groundwater and rainwater appropriately, and allowing excess water to permeate. Therefore, even after a long period of time has elapsed after the completion of the construction, the initial lightweight property is not lost, and the outflow or collapse of the customer soil layer 11 can be prevented.
[0037]
In the present embodiment, since the support member 3 is made of thinned wood, it is possible to effectively use the thinned wood that has been left on the slopes of mountainous areas so far. Various harmful effects caused by can also be prevented. In addition, since the raw material of the supporting member 3 is not limited to a thinning material, general wood and other waste wood can also be manufactured as a raw material. In addition, the foamed glass lump 7 and the granular material 12 can be manufactured with a new glass material. In the present embodiment, however, waste glass bottles and glass waste materials are used as raw materials. Therefore, effective use of resources can be achieved, and illegal dumping of glass waste can be reduced, contributing to the protection of the natural environment.
[0038]
Furthermore, since each support member 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes 6 having a water passing function, rainwater or the like that has permeated the customer soil layer 11 can flow downward through the through holes 6. As the air permeability in the soil 11 is also secured, the excess water in the soil layer 11 can be efficiently discharged, the water content and air permeability suitable for the growth of the plant 13 can be maintained, and the outflow of the soil soil layer 11 due to rain water or the like Can be prevented.
[0039]
The size and number of the through-holes 6 and the positions where the through-holes 6 are provided are not particularly limited, but a plurality of through-holes 6 are preferably provided so as to penetrate in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the support member 3. It is desirable that the constituent material of the soil layer 11 such as the foamed glass mass 7 or the granular material 12 does not pass. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the through-hole 6 is about 10 to 20 mm, and when 10 to 20 through-holes are provided per 1 m length of the support member 3, the massive body 7 and the granular body 12 flow out. Thus, excellent water permeability and air permeability could be secured.
[0040]
Next, with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, another embodiment relating to the support member arrangement state will be described. 5 to 7, portions having the same functions and effects as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 4 and description thereof is omitted.
[0041]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of support members 3 made of thinned wood are arranged in a shelf shape on the ground 1, and a lump of foam glass having open cells between the ground 1 and the support member 3. 7 is installed. Since the plurality of support members 3 are arranged so as to form a shelf that is continuous in the lateral direction on the ground 1, the outflow and collapse of the customer soil layer (not shown) formed in the subsequent steps are prevented. The function is excellent.
[0042]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of support members 3 made of thinned material are arranged in a shelf shape on the ground 1, and the thinned material is similarly provided between the support members 3 adjacent in the vertical direction of the ground 1. A support member 3a as a raw material is disposed so as to be substantially perpendicular to the support member 3, and a foamed glass lump 7 having open cells is provided between the ground 1 and the support member 3. By arranging the support members 3 and 3a in this way, a lattice-like structure in which the support members 3 and 3a are connected to each other vertically and horizontally is formed on the ground 1, so that the holding power of the soil layer is increased, The function to prevent outflow and collapse of the customer soil layer is further improved. The present embodiment is an appropriate construction method when the state of the ground 1 is good, for example, when the ground 1 is gravelly soil, and is excellent in that the construction is relatively simple.
[0043]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of support members 3 made of thinned material are arranged in a shelf shape on the ground 1, and the thinned material is similarly provided between the support members 3 adjacent in the vertical direction of the ground 1. A support member 3 b as a material is disposed obliquely, and a foamed glass lump 7 having open cells is laid between the ground 1 and the support member 3. By arranging the support members 3 and 3b in this way, a triangular lattice-like structure in which the support members 3 and 3b are connected to each other is formed on the ground 1, so that the holding power of the customer soil layer is increased, and the customer The function to prevent the outflow and collapse of the soil layer is further improved. This embodiment is a construction method suitable for the case where the geology of the ground 1 is a collapsed soil, or when it is earth and sand ground, and is excellent in that it exhibits an excellent ground reinforcement effect although it takes some work. Yes.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following effects.
[0045]
(1) A support member made of wood is arranged in a shelf or staggered pattern on the ground, and a foamed glass lump having open cells is laid between the ground and the support member, and the support member Further, by forming the soil layer covering the massive body, a greening slope with excellent water retention and good plant growth can be constructed without causing outflow or collapse of the soil layer.
[0046]
(2) Support members made of wood are arranged in a shelf or staggered manner on the ground, and a foamed glass lump having open cells is laid between the ground and the support members, and the support members Further, by stretching a net in a state of covering the lump and further forming a soil layer covering the support member, the lump and the net, a greening with excellent water retention and good plant growth In addition to constructing slopes, the function to prevent outflow and collapse of the soil layer and plant fallout is further improved.
[0047]
(3) When the above-mentioned soil layer is formed by spraying a base material containing foamed glass granules having open cells, compost, plant seeds, and an adhesive material on the ground and curing, the customer due to rain or the like Erosion of the soil layer and scattering of the base material due to wind do not occur, and a greening slope with excellent water retention and durability can be constructed, and the growth state of the plant is further stabilized.
[0048]
(4) By arranging a support member made of wood between the support members adjacent to each other in the vertical direction of the ground, a structure in which the support members are connected to each other vertically and horizontally can be formed on the ground. Therefore, it is possible to increase the holding power of the customer soil layer and further improve the function of preventing the soil layer from flowing out or collapsing.
[0049]
(5) By providing a through-hole having a water-permeable function in the support member made of wood, it becomes possible to maintain a moisture amount and air permeability suitable for plant growth in the soil layer, and also provide moderate drainage. Since it can be secured, it is possible to prevent the outflow of the guest soil layer due to rain or the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a process explanatory diagram of a slope greening method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a fixing procedure of a support member during the process of the slope greening method of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a support member arrangement state during the slope greening process of FIG. 1;
4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a greening slope constructed by the slope greening method shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment related to the support member arrangement state;
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment related to the support member arrangement state.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment relating to the support member arrangement state.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ground 2 Anchor bolt 3, 3a, 3b, Support member 4 Bolt hole 5 Nut 6 Through hole 7 Foamed glass lump 8 Lath wire mesh 9 Locking pin 10 Base material 11 Guest soil layer 12 Foamed glass granular material 13 Plant 14 Greening slope 15 mesh bag

Claims (4)

A support member for a material timber or the shelf on the ground to staggered, between the supporting member and the ground, which is formed a mass of foam glass having an open cell, flexible mesh material The support member and the lump are formed by placing a material filled in a net bag and spraying and curing a base material containing foamed glass granules having an open cell, compost, plant seeds, and an adhesive on the ground. A slope revegetation method characterized by forming a soil layer covering the body. A support member made of wood is arranged in a shelf or staggered pattern on the ground, and a foamed glass lump having open cells is formed between the ground and the support member using a flexible mesh material. A bag filled is placed , a net is stretched to cover the support member and the lump, and further contains foamed glass granules having open cells, compost, plant seeds, and an adhesive. A slope revegetation method characterized by forming a soil layer covering the support member, the massive body and the net-like body by spraying and curing a base material on the ground . The slope greening method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein another support member made of wood is disposed between the support members adjacent in the vertical direction of the ground . The slope greening method in any one of Claims 1-3 which provided the through-hole which has a water-permeable function in the said supporting member .

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