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JP3665093B2 - Seamless steel pipe cored bar tool manufacturing mold and seamless steel pipe cored bar tool manufacturing method using this mold - Google Patents
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JP3665093B2 - Seamless steel pipe cored bar tool manufacturing mold and seamless steel pipe cored bar tool manufacturing method using this mold - Google Patents

Seamless steel pipe cored bar tool manufacturing mold and seamless steel pipe cored bar tool manufacturing method using this mold Download PDF

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JP3665093B2
JP3665093B2 JP25883694A JP25883694A JP3665093B2 JP 3665093 B2 JP3665093 B2 JP 3665093B2 JP 25883694 A JP25883694 A JP 25883694A JP 25883694 A JP25883694 A JP 25883694A JP 3665093 B2 JP3665093 B2 JP 3665093B2
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mold
steel pipe
seamless steel
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cored bar
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JPH0890143A (en
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清介 菅原
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株式會社三共合金鑄造所
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型及びこの鋳型を用いた継ぎ目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造法に係り、その目的は継目無し鋼管を製造する際に使用する芯金工具であって、特にその芯金工具の断熱性や耐磨耗性を確保する要因となるスケール(酸化皮膜)を表層に投錨的に良好に付着させることができ、従来の芯金工具に比して反復穿孔使用回数が飛躍的に増加した耐用度の優れた継目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造用鋳型及びこの鋳型を使用する製造方法の提供にある。
【0002】
【発明の背景】
石油掘削等に使用される油井管にはシームレス鋼管(継目無し鋼管)が使用される。シームレス鋼管の製造法は圧延方式と熱押出し方式とに大別され、これまで低合金鋼(普通鋼〜9Cr鋼)までは圧延法、高合金鋼(13Cr鋼以上)では熱押出し法が用いられていた。熱押出し法は潤滑剤としてガラスを使用するため加工時の負荷が低くてすみ、高変形抵抗の合金鋼の加工には有利となるが、熱押出し後にその除去が必要となるほか、設備的に長尺材の製造が困難で歩留りが低くなる問題を有している。一方、圧延法は、穿孔、拡管、延伸等の各工程を連続加工して行われ、穿孔法としてマンネスマン方式とブレスロール方式とがある。しかし、これらいずれの方式においても製造は温度が約1473Kを超える高温雰囲気下で行われ、加熱された丸形鋼片の軸長方向より芯金を内面圧入して穿孔し、そのまま圧入を継続して鋼片を拡管し、延伸して継目無し鋼管が製造されていた。従って使用する工具の耐久性が重要な問題となり、特に内面に使用される芯金は従来より低合金鋳鋼が使用されているが、熱の逃げ場がなく苛酷な状況下で使用されるためその寿命が短く、近年ではより強度の高い13Cr以上の高合金鋼への需要が高くなってきているのでその芯金の高性能化と寿命延長が急務とされている。
【0003】
【従来の技術】
従来より、継目無し鋼管製造用の芯金の素材としては、低合金鋳鋼が使用されている。この芯金は、所定寸法に成型した鋳型に、溶融低合金鋼を流し込み、成型、冷却、凝固して製造されている。この鋳型には幾つかのタイプがあり、珪砂を骨材として粘土、ベントナイトを結合材とした生砂型、珪砂を骨材として珪酸ソーダと炭酸ガスを結合材とした無機型、珪砂を骨材としてフラン樹脂と硬化触媒を結合材とした有機型等がある。このような鋳型に流し込まれた素材はそのまま使用されるのではなく、加工等による精度を確認し、水蒸気中で熱処理を行い、表層にスケール(酸化皮膜)付けをした後、使用される。このようにスケールを付すことにより断熱、耐磨耗性、焼付け性を確保している。従って、このスケール付着性の良否で表面の溶損、肌荒れが発生し、芯金の寿命を著しく変化させる要因となっている。
【0004】
特に高合金鋼を穿孔拡管する場合、芯金強度を上げる必要がある。穿孔、拡管用芯金において、その機械強度を増加させる技術としては、例えば特公昭64−7146号公報に開示されているものが存在している。この技術は、芯金合金組成のうち、CおよびCrの含有量を一般よりも低くし、Niの含有量を高くし、さらにMoおよびWの何れか一つ或いは両者を新たに添加することによって固溶体を硬化させ、常温および高温度における機械的強度を増加させることにより、優れた耐用度の芯金を得ようとするものであった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記開示技術に示されているように芯金強度を上げるためにMoやWといった合金元素を添加すると、逆に芯金表面におけるスケール付着性が悪くなる傾向にあり、結果として芯金寿命が低下してしまうという課題が存在した。このスケール付着効果策として、芯金の化学成分と熱処理条件の関係が検討されているが、効果的な手法は未だ見出せない状況である。他面、鋳型中において芯金凝固時の冷却能を上げることも効果的と考えられ検討されているが、従来より使用されていた生砂型や無機型、有機型といった鋳型では、充分な冷却能が発現されなかった。そのうち、生砂型では比較的無機型、有機型よりも良好な冷却能を得ることが出来るが、成型するため鋳造素材表面を加工すれば表面微細層が取り除かれる事となり、冷却能効果は低下し、芯金表層におけるスケールの投錨化を図ることができないという課題が存在した。また、冷却能を上げる素材として金属材料があり、鋳鋼溶湯鋳型としては鋳鉄材が多く使用されている。ところが、鋳鉄材は安価で冷却能も高いが反面、熱拡散率が小さいため温度変化が遅く、冷却能が不均一になること、又繰り返し使用することにより成長による組織変化が起こり、精度の低下やクレージング割れ等の冷却変化が大きいという課題が存在した。そこで、業界では、冷却能が非常に高く、継目無し鋼管の芯金工具用における断熱性や耐磨耗性を確保するスケールを良好に付着することができ、耐用性に優れた芯金工具を得ることのできる優れた鋳型の創出が望まれていた。
【0006】
このような実情に照らし、この発明者らはスケールの付着について鋭意検討したところ、鉄鋼のオーステナイトの結晶粒度が硬化能に大きく影響していることに着目した。すなわち、結晶粒が大きくなると変態温度は低下する。逆に加熱温度が上がるとオーステナイトの結晶粒の成長により焼入性が増加するため、表層が不安定となって、スケールの投錨性が悪化される。このような点に着目し、緻密なスケールを効果的に投錨化するには、鋳型の熱拡散率を大きくし均一な冷却能を上げることによりオーステナイトを微細化することが要件であることを見出した。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明では物性として常温で、嵩比重1.6〜1.8、固有抵抗6.5〜11.0μΩm、硬度ショア18〜55、曲げ強さ8〜40、圧縮強さ15〜80MPA、引っ張り強さ5〜25MPA、熱膨張係数2.5〜5×10-6K、熱伝導度110〜160W/(m・K)、最大粒径3mm以下の成型黒鉛からなる継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型であって、その肉厚が芯金工具の肉厚の1/2倍以上であることを特徴とする継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型を提供することにより、上記従来の課題を悉く解消する。
【0008】
【作用】
特定物性からなる成型黒鉛からなる鋳型を使用することにより、侵炭現象を起こすことなく、しかも寸法精度が良好で冷却能が非常に高い鋳型を得ることができるとともに、芯金工具表層において、その断熱性や耐磨耗性、焼付性を確保することのできるスケール(酸化皮膜)を効果的に投錨化的に付着させることができる。従って、従来の生砂型や無機、有機型等の鋳型を用いたものよりも飛躍的に継目無し鋼管に対する穿孔使用回数を増加させることができ、耐用度が非常に優れた芯金工具を得ることができる。鋳型内に流し込む合金溶湯としては従来より使用される低合金鋼をそのまま使用することにより、一層耐用度に優れた芯金を得ることができる。
【0009】
【発明の構成】
以下、この発明に係る継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型並びにこの鋳型を用いた継ぎ目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造法の構成を詳述する。図1はこの発明に係る継目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造用鋳型の一実施例を示す平面図である。
【0010】
この発明においては、前記鋳型(1)の素材として特定成型黒鉛が使用される。この特定成型黒鉛は、常温での物性が嵩比重1.6〜1.8、固有抵抗6.5〜11.0μΩm、硬度ショア18〜55、曲げ強さ8〜40、圧縮強さ15〜80MPA、引っ張り強さ5〜25MPA、熱膨張係数2.5〜5×10-6K、熱伝導度110〜160W/(m・K)、最大粒径3mm以下とされる。
【0011】
嵩比重を1.6〜1.8の範囲としたのは、使用される成型黒鉛の嵩比重が1.6未満であると、鋳型とした場合の強度及び冷却能が充分ではなく、一方、嵩比重が1.8を超えると熱膨張率が上がり、局部膨張が起こり鋳型の破損が発生してしまうためいずれの場合も好ましくないからである。また、固有抵抗を6.5〜11.0μΩmとしたのは、固有抵抗が6.5μΩm未満であると熱伝導率が上がり、熱による鋳型の損耗が大きく鋳型の精度を著しく悪くする要因となり、、一方、11.0μΩmを超えると熱伝導率が低下するため、いずれの場合も好ましくないからである。圧縮強さを15〜80MPAの範囲としたのは、15MPA未満であると鋳型としての強度が充分ではなく、80MPAを超えると逆に熱膨張率の増加と熱伝導率の低下で鋳型破損を生じやすいため好ましくないからである。引っ張り強さを5〜25MPAの範囲としたのは、5MPA未満であると鋳型としての強度が弱く、一方、25MPAを超えると溶湯流入時局部加熱による方向性を持った鋳型破損を生じやすいためいずれの場合も好ましくないからである。熱膨張係数を2.5〜5×10-6Kの範囲としたのは、2.5×10-6K未満であると、黒鉛含有量が少なくなるため冷却能が低下し、一方、5×10-6Kを超えると高温下で使用した場合の寸法精度が充分ではなく、磨耗が著しいためいずれの場合も好ましくないからである。熱伝導度を110〜160W/(m・K)の範囲としたのは、110W/(m・K)未満であると、充分な耐熱性が得られないため鋳型破損を生じやすく、一方、160W/(m・K)を超えると冷却能が低下するためいずれの場合も好ましくないからである。さらに最大粒径3mm以下としたのは、最大粒径が3mmを超えるものでは、成型加工時寸法公差が得られにくいために望ましくないからである。
【0012】
この発明では、以上のような物性を備えてなる成型黒鉛を使用して継目無鋼管の芯金工具用鋳型を製造する
【0013】
継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型として上記したような特定物性を有する成型黒鉛を使用するのは、成型黒鉛の融点温度は3700℃と極めて高く、且つ熱膨張係数も小さいため高温雰囲気下での寸法精度が良好で、しかも強度が2500℃迄上昇する等、鋳型としての優れた特性を示すとともに、熱拡散率が大きいために温度変化が速く行われ、冷却能が極めて良好であるために、芯金表層において緻密なスケールを効果的に投錨させることが可能となったからである。さらに詳述すると、芯金工具を製造する際に、上記特定物性を示す成型黒鉛を使用した鋳型を用いることにより、侵炭現象を起こすことがなく、しかも磨耗が殆ど生じず、寸法精度が良く、さらに冷却能が著しく高いためオーステナイトを微細化させて、表層においてスケールを投錨的に付着することができ、耐用度の高い芯金工具を得ることができる。
【0014】
この発明では上記したような特定物性の所定成型黒鉛は円柱型のものを使用し、対象とされる芯金寸法にくり抜き加工して鋳型とする。この場合、成型黒鉛鋳型と芯金工具の肉厚の比率は、成型黒鉛鋳型の肉厚を芯金工具の肉厚の1/2倍以上とすることが好ましい。この理由は、成型黒鉛からなる鋳型の肉厚が、芯金工具の肉厚の1/2以下であると成型黒鉛が急激に加温されることにより、溶湯と鋳型の温度差が小さくなり冷却効果を低下させるため好ましくないからである。
【0015】
次に、上記特定成型黒鉛からなる鋳型を用いた継ぎ目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造法について詳述する。この発明においては前記特定成型黒鉛鋳型(1)に硅砂又はジルコニア砂で成型された中子及び押え型(2)を組み合わせた(3)の空間を持つ鋳型に低合金鋼溶湯を溶湯口(4)より注入し、凝固冷却した低合金鋳鋼(芯金素材)を鋳型より取り出し、溶湯口(4)を削除し、鋳型歪みの除去と切削加工を容易にするために、1000〜1073Kで2時間保持した後、炉冷却の焼きなまし処理を行い、芯金寸法加工を行った後、水蒸気中で熱処理をして芯金の表層にスケール(酸化皮膜)の付着を行う。
【0016】
【実施例】
以下、この発明に係る継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型及びこの鋳型を用いた継目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造法の効果を実施例を挙げることにより一層明確なものとする。
【0017】
(実施例)
物性として常温で、嵩比重1.7、固有抵抗10.0μΩm、硬度(ショア)45、曲げ強さ30MPA、圧縮強さ60MPA、引っ張り強さ20MPA、熱膨張係数3.8×10-6K、熱伝導度120W/(m・K)、最大粒径3mm以下の成型黒鉛からなる継目無し鋼管芯金製造用鋳型を実施例の鋳型とした。芯金サイズは#151(6煤j用とし芯金の肉厚(t)に対して成型黒鉛芯金製造用鋳型の肉厚を2倍としたものを実施例1、同じ肉厚としたものを実施例2、1/2としたものを実施例3、1/5としたものをそれぞれ比較例1とし、各々の鋳型とした。
(比較例)普通鋳鉄(Fe200)からなる金型製(芯金肉厚に対して鋳型肉厚1/2)の継目無し鋼管芯金製造用鋳型を比較例の鋳型とした。
(比較例)結合材としてベントナイトを用いた生砂型(芯金肉厚に対して鋳型肉厚1/2)で未加工での芯金使用とした継目無し鋼管芯金製造用鋳型を比較例の鋳型とした。
(比較例)結合材としてベントナイトを用いた生砂型(芯金肉厚に対して鋳型肉厚1/2)で加工での芯金使用とした継目無し鋼管芯金用鋳型を比較例の鋳型とした。
(比較例)結合材として珪酸ソーダと二酸化炭素を用いた無機砂型(芯金肉厚に対して鋳型肉厚1/2)の継目無し鋼管芯金製造用鋳型を比較例の鋳型とした。
(比較例)結合材としてフラン樹脂と硬化触媒を用いた有機砂型(芯金肉厚に対して鋳型肉厚1/2)の鋳型を比較例の鋳型とした。
【0018】
【試験例】
(試験例1)芯金工具を鋳造する低合金鋼として表1に示す組成の3Cr−1Ni系合金鋼を溶製し、この合金溶湯を前記実施例及び比較例の鋳型にそれぞれ流し込み、鋳型にて凝固冷却後、鋳型より取り出し、各々同一条件で溶湯口を削除し、焼きなまし、寸法加工(比較例を除く)した後、芯金の表層にスケール(酸化皮膜)の付着を行った。
【表1】

Figure 0003665093
【0019】
各鋳型にて得られた芯金工具について、継目無し鋼管(材質、炭素鋼)の穿孔を行い各々の穿孔本数を試験した。また、各鋳型にて得られた芯金工具について、各々を割愛し実体より引張試験用片(5)と硬度試験用片(6)を採取し、4号試験片(JIS−Z−2201に基づく)により引張試験、ブリネル硬さ(JIS−Z−2243に基づく)をそれぞれ試験した。この結果を表2に示す。
【表2】
Figure 0003665093
【0020】
(試験例2)
前記実施例3及び比較例で得られた芯金工具についてそのミクロ及びマクロ組織写真(×100)を撮影した。実施例3の芯金工具における外面部のミクロ組織を図2に、また中央部のミクロ組織を図3に、内面部のミクロ組織を図4にそれぞれ示す。比較例の芯金工具における外面部のミクロ組織を図5に、また中央部のミクロ組織を図6に、内面部のミクロ組織を図7にそれぞれ示す。さらに実施例3でのマクロ組織を図8に、比較例でのマクロ組織を図9に示す。
【0021】
表2の結果から明らかな如く、実施例1、2、3は引張強さ、耐力、伸び、硬度、穿孔パス本数も差異がなく、耐用度が非常に優れていることがわかる。比較例1は冷却能低下のため、他の比較例と同様、耐力、硬度は上昇するが逆に引張強さ、伸びが減じ穿孔パス本数は低下する。図2〜図7、図8〜図9の結果から明らかな如く、実施例3の芯金工具においては、外面部や中央部、内面部における組織が比較例のものと較べて緻密であることが判る。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述した如く、請求項1に係る発明は物性として常温で、嵩比重1.6〜1.8、固有抵抗6.5〜11.0μΩm、硬度ショア18〜55、曲げ強さ8〜40、圧縮強さ15〜80MPA、引っ張り強さ5〜25MPA、熱膨張係数2.5〜5×10-6K、熱伝導度110〜160W/(m・K)、最大粒径3mm以下の成型黒鉛からなる継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型であって、その肉厚が芯金工具の肉厚の1/2倍以上であることを特徴とする継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型であるから、前記試験例の結果からも明らかな如く、継目無し鋼管において使用される芯金の表層に断熱性や耐磨耗性を確保するスケールを投錨的に良好に付着させることができ、従来のものと較べると飛躍的に穿孔本数を増加させることのできる耐用性に優れた芯金工具を得ることができるという効果を奏する。
請求項2に係る発明は物性として常温で、嵩比重1.6〜1.8、固有抵抗6.5〜11.0μΩm、硬度ショア18〜55、曲げ強さ8〜40、圧縮強さ15〜80MPA、引っ張り強さ5〜25MPA、熱膨張係数2.5〜5×10-6K、熱伝導度110〜160W/(m・K)、最大粒径3mm以下の成型黒鉛からなり、肉厚が芯金工具の肉厚の1/2倍以上である継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型内で低合金鋼溶湯を鋳造してなることを特徴とする継目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造法であるから、表層にスケール(酸化皮膜)が投錨的に良好に付着された断熱性、耐磨耗性の優れた耐用度の高い継目無し鋼管における芯金工具を得ることができるという優れた効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明に係る継目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造用鋳型及び引張試験用片及び硬度試験用片採取位置の一実施例を示す平面図である。
【図2】実施例3で得られた芯金工具における外面部のミクロ組織写真(×100)である。
【図3】実施例3で得られた芯金工具における中央部のミクロ組織写真(×100)である。
【図4】実施例3で得られた芯金工具における内面部のミクロ組織写真(×100)である。
【図5】比較例で得られた芯金工具における外面部のミクロ組織写真(×100)である。
【図6】比較例で得られた芯金工具における中央部のミクロ組織写真(×100)である。
【図7】比較例で得られた芯金工具における内面部のミクロ組織写真(×100)である。
【図8】実施例3で得られた芯金工具におけるマクロ組織写真である。
【図9】比較例で得られた芯金工具におけるマクロ組織写真である。
【符号の説明】
1 継目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造用鋳型及び引張試験用片及び硬度試験用片採取位置[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a mold for manufacturing a metal core tool for a seamless steel pipe and a method for manufacturing a core metal tool for a seamless steel pipe using the mold, and the object thereof is a core metal tool used when manufacturing a seamless steel pipe. In particular, the scale (oxide film), which is a factor to ensure the heat insulation and wear resistance of the cored bar tool, can be deposited on the surface layer in an excellent manner, and it is repeated compared to conventional cored bar tools. An object of the present invention is to provide a mold for manufacturing a core metal tool of a seamless steel pipe with excellent durability and the number of times of drilling has been dramatically increased, and a manufacturing method using the mold.
[0002]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A seamless steel pipe (seamless steel pipe) is used as an oil well pipe used for oil drilling or the like. The seamless steel pipe manufacturing method is broadly divided into a rolling method and a hot extrusion method. Until now, the rolling method has been used for low alloy steel (ordinary steel to 9Cr steel), and the hot extrusion method has been used for high alloy steel (13Cr steel or more). It was. The thermal extrusion method uses glass as a lubricant, so the load during processing is low, and it is advantageous for processing high deformation resistance alloy steel. There is a problem that it is difficult to manufacture a long material and the yield is lowered. On the other hand, the rolling method is performed by continuously processing each process such as piercing, pipe expansion, and stretching, and there are a Mannesmann method and a breath roll method as the piercing method. However, in any of these methods, the production is performed in a high-temperature atmosphere exceeding about 1473K, and the cored bar is pressed into the inner surface from the axial length direction of the heated round steel slab, and the press-fitting is continued as it is. The steel slab was expanded and stretched to produce a seamless steel pipe. Therefore, the durability of the tool to be used becomes an important issue. Especially, the core metal used for the inner surface is made of low alloy cast steel than before, but since it is used under severe conditions without heat escape, its life In recent years, the demand for higher-strength, high-strength 13Cr or higher alloy steels has been increasing, so there is an urgent need to improve the performance and extend the life of the core metal.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a low alloy cast steel has been used as a material for a core metal for seamless steel pipe production. This metal core is manufactured by pouring molten low alloy steel into a mold molded to a predetermined size, molding, cooling and solidifying. There are several types of casting molds: raw sand mold with silica sand as aggregate and bentonite as binder, inorganic type with silica sand as aggregate and sodium silicate and carbon dioxide as binder, silica sand as aggregate There is an organic type using a furan resin and a curing catalyst as a binder. The material poured into such a mold is not used as it is, but is used after confirming the accuracy of processing, etc., performing heat treatment in water vapor, and attaching a scale (oxide film) to the surface layer. By attaching a scale in this way, heat insulation, wear resistance, and seizure properties are secured. Accordingly, whether the scale adheres well or not causes surface melting and rough skin, which significantly changes the life of the metal core.
[0004]
In particular, when drilling and expanding high alloy steel, it is necessary to increase the core metal strength. As a technique for increasing the mechanical strength of a core metal for perforation and tube expansion, for example, a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-7146 exists. In this technique, the content of C and Cr in the core metal alloy composition is made lower than usual, the content of Ni is increased, and one or both of Mo and W are newly added. The solid solution was cured to increase the mechanical strength at normal temperature and high temperature, thereby obtaining a metal core having excellent durability.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when alloying elements such as Mo and W are added to increase the strength of the metal core as shown in the above disclosed technique, the scale adhesion on the surface of the metal core tends to deteriorate, resulting in the life of the metal core. There was a problem that would decrease. As a measure for the scale adhesion effect, the relationship between the chemical composition of the core metal and the heat treatment conditions has been studied, but no effective method has yet been found. On the other side, increasing the cooling capacity at the time of solidification of the metal core in the mold is considered to be effective, but it has been studied, but sufficient cooling capacity is available for molds such as green sand type, inorganic type and organic type that have been used conventionally. Was not expressed. Among them, the green sand type can obtain a better cooling ability than the inorganic type and organic type, but if the cast material surface is processed for molding, the surface fine layer will be removed, and the cooling ability effect will be reduced. However, there has been a problem that scales cannot be cast on the core metal surface. In addition, there is a metal material as a material for increasing the cooling capacity, and a cast iron material is often used as a cast steel molten metal mold. However, cast iron is cheap and has high cooling capacity, but on the other hand, the thermal diffusivity is small, so the temperature change is slow, the cooling capacity becomes non-uniform, and the structure changes due to growth due to repeated use, resulting in a decrease in accuracy There was a problem that cooling changes such as cracking and crazing cracks were large. Therefore, in the industry, a core metal tool with extremely high cooling capacity, which can adhere well to a scale that ensures heat insulation and wear resistance for seamless steel pipe core metal tools, and has excellent durability. The creation of an excellent mold that can be obtained has been desired.
[0006]
In light of such circumstances, the present inventors diligently studied the adhesion of scales and focused on the fact that the grain size of austenite in steel greatly affects the hardenability. That is, the transformation temperature decreases as the crystal grains increase. Conversely, when the heating temperature rises, the hardenability increases due to the growth of austenite crystal grains, so that the surface layer becomes unstable and the throwing ability of the scale deteriorates. Focusing on these points, we found that it is a requirement to refine austenite by increasing the thermal diffusivity of the mold and increasing the uniform cooling capacity in order to effectively cast a dense scale. It was.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In this invention, the physical properties are normal temperature, bulk specific gravity 1.6 to 1.8, specific resistance 6.5 to 11.0 μΩm, hardness shore 18 to 55, bending strength 8 to 40, compression strength 15 to 80 MPa, tensile strength 5 to 25MPA, coefficient of thermal expansion 2.5 to 5 × 10 −6 K, thermal conductivity 110 to 160 W / (m · K), seamless steel pipe cored bar tool made of molded graphite with a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less By providing a mold for manufacturing a metal core tool for a seamless steel pipe, characterized in that the wall thickness thereof is at least 1/2 times the wall thickness of the core metal tool. Eliminate ugly.
[0008]
[Action]
By using a mold made of molded graphite with specific physical properties, it is possible to obtain a mold with good dimensional accuracy and extremely high cooling capacity without causing a carburizing phenomenon. A scale (oxide film) that can ensure heat insulation, wear resistance, and seizure properties can be effectively deposited. Therefore, it is possible to dramatically increase the number of drilling operations for seamless steel pipes compared to conventional raw sand molds, inorganic and organic molds, etc., and to obtain a core metal tool with extremely excellent durability. Can do. As the molten alloy poured into the mold, a conventionally used low alloy steel can be used as it is, so that a metal core having further improved durability can be obtained.
[0009]
[Structure of the invention]
Hereinafter, the configuration of the seamless steel pipe core bar tool manufacturing mold according to the present invention and the method of manufacturing the seamless steel pipe core bar tool using this mold will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a mold for producing a cored bar tool for a seamless steel pipe according to the present invention.
[0010]
In the present invention, specific molded graphite is used as the material of the mold (1). This specific molded graphite has physical properties at room temperature of 1.6 to 1.8, specific resistance of 6.5 to 11.0 μΩm, hardness shore of 18 to 55, bending strength of 8 to 40, and compression strength of 15 to 80 MPa. The tensile strength is 5 to 25 MPA, the thermal expansion coefficient is 2.5 to 5 × 10 −6 K, the thermal conductivity is 110 to 160 W / (m · K), and the maximum particle size is 3 mm or less.
[0011]
The bulk specific gravity in the range of 1.6 to 1.8 is that if the bulk specific gravity of the molded graphite used is less than 1.6, the strength and cooling capacity when used as a mold are not sufficient, This is because if the bulk specific gravity exceeds 1.8, the coefficient of thermal expansion increases, local expansion occurs, and the mold is damaged. In addition, the specific resistance is set to 6.5 to 11.0 μΩm. If the specific resistance is less than 6.5 μΩm, the thermal conductivity is increased, the mold is greatly worn by heat, and the mold accuracy is remarkably deteriorated. On the other hand, if it exceeds 11.0 μΩm, the thermal conductivity is lowered, which is not preferable in any case. The reason why the compression strength is in the range of 15 to 80MPA is that if it is less than 15MPA, the strength as a mold is not sufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 80MPA, the mold is damaged due to an increase in thermal expansion coefficient and a decrease in thermal conductivity. This is because it is not preferable because it is easy. The tensile strength in the range of 5 to 25 MPA is less than 5 MPA because the strength as a mold is weak. On the other hand, if it exceeds 25 MPA, the mold is likely to be broken due to local heating when molten metal flows. This is also not preferable. The thermal expansion coefficient was in the range of 2.5 to 5 × 10 -6 K is is less than 2.5 × 10 -6 K, the cooling power for the graphite content is reduced to decrease, whereas, 5 This is because, if it exceeds × 10 -6 K, the dimensional accuracy when used at high temperatures is not sufficient, and the wear is significant, which is not preferable in either case. The reason why the thermal conductivity is in the range of 110 to 160 W / (m · K) is that if it is less than 110 W / (m · K), sufficient heat resistance cannot be obtained, and mold breakage tends to occur. This is because if it exceeds / (m · K), the cooling ability is lowered, which is not preferable in any case. The reason why the maximum particle size is 3 mm or less is that the maximum particle size exceeding 3 mm is not desirable because it is difficult to obtain a dimensional tolerance at the time of molding.
[0012]
In the present invention, a mold for a core metal tool of a seamless steel pipe is manufactured using molded graphite having the above physical properties .
[0013]
The use of molded graphite having the above-mentioned specific properties as a mold for manufacturing a metal core tool for seamless steel pipes is because the melting point temperature of molded graphite is extremely high at 3700 ° C and the coefficient of thermal expansion is small, so Because of its excellent dimensional accuracy and high strength up to 2500 ° C, it has excellent properties as a mold, and since the thermal diffusivity is large, the temperature changes quickly and the cooling ability is extremely good. This is because it has become possible to effectively cast a precise scale on the core metal surface layer. More specifically, when a cored bar tool is manufactured, by using a mold using molded graphite exhibiting the above-mentioned specific properties, there is no carburization phenomenon and wear hardly occurs, and dimensional accuracy is good. Further, since the cooling ability is remarkably high, austenite can be made finer, scale can be deposited on the surface layer, and a highly durable cored bar tool can be obtained.
[0014]
In the present invention, the predetermined molded graphite having the above-mentioned specific physical properties is a cylindrical one, and is cut into a target core bar size to obtain a mold. In this case, it is preferable that the thickness ratio of the molded graphite mold and the core metal tool is such that the thickness of the molded graphite mold is ½ times or more the thickness of the core metal tool. The reason for this is that if the thickness of the mold made of molded graphite is 1/2 or less of the thickness of the core metal tool, the molded graphite will be heated rapidly, and the temperature difference between the molten metal and the mold will be reduced. This is because it is not preferable because the effect is lowered.
[0015]
Next, the manufacturing method of the core metal tool of the seamless steel pipe using the casting_mold | template consisting of the said specific shaping | molding graphite is explained in full detail. In the present invention, a low alloy steel melt is introduced into a mold having a space of (3) in which a core and a presser mold (2) formed of dredged sand or zirconia sand are combined with the specific molded graphite mold (1). In order to remove the molten metal inlet (4) and to facilitate removal of mold distortion and cutting, the low alloy cast steel (core metal material) injected and solidified and cooled from the mold is removed from the mold for 2 hours. After being held, furnace-cooled annealing treatment is performed, core metal sizing is performed, and then heat treatment is performed in water vapor to deposit scale (oxide film) on the surface layer of the core metal.
[0016]
【Example】
Hereinafter, effects of the method for manufacturing a core metal tool for a seamless steel pipe according to the present invention and a method for manufacturing a core metal tool for a seamless steel pipe using this mold will be further clarified by giving examples.
[0017]
(Example)
Physical properties at room temperature, bulk specific gravity 1.7, specific resistance 10.0 μΩm, hardness (shore) 45, bending strength 30 MPa, compressive strength 60 MPa, tensile strength 20 MPa, thermal expansion coefficient 3.8 × 10 −6 K, A seamless steel pipe core metal mold made of molded graphite having a thermal conductivity of 120 W / (m · K) and a maximum particle size of 3 mm or less was used as a mold of the example. The core metal size is # 151 (6 mm j, the thickness of the mold for manufacturing the graphite core metal is doubled with respect to the thickness (t) of the core metal, and the same thickness as in Example 1. Were made Example 2 and 1/2 were made Example 3 and 1/5 were made Comparative Example 1 , respectively.
(Comparative Example 2 ) A mold for producing a seamless steel pipe core metal made of a mold made of normal cast iron (Fe200) (mould thickness 1/2 with respect to the core metal thickness) was used as the mold of Comparative Example 2 .
(Comparative Example 3 ) Comparative example of a mold for production of a seamless steel pipe cored bar made of raw sand using bentonite as a binder (mould thickness 1/2 with respect to the thickness of the cored bar) and using unprocessed cored bar 3 mold.
(Comparative Example 4 ) A seamless steel pipe core metal mold using a core metal in processing with a raw sand mold using bentonite as a binder (mould thickness 1/2 with respect to the core metal thickness) of Comparative Example 4 A mold was used.
(Comparative Example 5 ) A mold for producing a seamless steel pipe cored bar of an inorganic sand mold (sodium mold thickness with respect to the cored bar thickness) using sodium silicate and carbon dioxide as a binder was used as a mold of Comparative Example 5 . .
(Comparative Example 6 ) An organic sand mold (1/2 mold thickness relative to the core metal thickness) using a furan resin and a curing catalyst as a binder was used as the mold of Comparative Example 6 .
[0018]
[Test example]
(Test Example 1) 3Cr-1Ni alloy steel having the composition shown in Table 1 was melted as a low alloy steel for casting a metal bar tool, and this molten alloy was poured into the molds of the above-mentioned Examples and Comparative Examples, respectively. After solidification and cooling, it was taken out from the mold, and the melt inlet was removed under the same conditions, annealed, dimensioned (except for Comparative Example 3 ), and then a scale (oxide film) was attached to the surface layer of the core metal.
[Table 1]
Figure 0003665093
[0019]
With respect to the core tool obtained with each mold, a seamless steel pipe (material, carbon steel) was drilled to test the number of drilled holes. In addition, for the cored bar tool obtained with each mold, each of them is omitted, and a tensile test piece (5) and a hardness test piece (6) are collected from the entity, and a No. 4 test piece (according to JIS-Z-2201). Based on the tensile test and the Brinell hardness (based on JIS-Z-2243). The results are shown in Table 2.
[Table 2]
Figure 0003665093
[0020]
(Test Example 2)
The micro and macro structure photographs (× 100) of the cored bar tools obtained in Example 3 and Comparative Example 5 were taken. FIG. 2 shows the microstructure of the outer surface portion of the cored bar tool of Example 3, FIG. 3 shows the microstructure of the central portion, and FIG. 4 shows the microstructure of the inner surface portion. FIG. 5 shows the microstructure of the outer surface portion of the metal core tool of Comparative Example 5 , FIG. 6 shows the microstructure of the central portion, and FIG. 7 shows the microstructure of the inner surface portion. Furthermore, the macro structure in Example 3 is shown in FIG. 8, and the macro structure in Comparative Example 5 is shown in FIG.
[0021]
As is apparent from the results in Table 2, Examples 1, 2, and 3 have no difference in tensile strength, proof stress, elongation, hardness, and the number of perforated paths, and it can be seen that the durability is very excellent. Since Comparative Example 1 has a reduced cooling capacity, the proof stress and hardness are increased, but the tensile strength and elongation are decreased and the number of drilling paths is decreased, as in the other Comparative Examples. As is apparent from the results of FIGS. 2 to 7 and FIGS. 8 to 9, in the cored bar tool of Example 3, the structure of the outer surface portion, the central portion, and the inner surface portion is finer than that of the comparative example. I understand.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, the invention according to claim 1 has physical properties at room temperature, bulk specific gravity of 1.6 to 1.8, specific resistance of 6.5 to 11.0 μΩm, hardness shore of 18 to 55, bending strength of 8 to 40. , Compression strength 15 to 80 MPa, tensile strength 5 to 25 MPa, thermal expansion coefficient 2.5 to 5 × 10 −6 K, thermal conductivity 110 to 160 W / (m · K), maximum particle size 3 mm or less A mold for manufacturing a cored bar tool for a seamless steel pipe comprising a cored metal tool manufacturing model for a seamless steel pipe, characterized in that its thickness is at least 1/2 times the wall thickness of the cored bar tool Therefore, as is apparent from the results of the above test examples, a scale that ensures heat insulation and wear resistance can be deposited on the surface layer of the core metal used in the seamless steel pipe in a thrownly good manner. The resistance to drastically increase the number of drilled holes compared to There is an effect that a mandrel tool excellent in usability can be obtained.
The invention according to claim 2 has physical properties at room temperature, bulk specific gravity 1.6 to 1.8, specific resistance 6.5 to 11.0 μΩm, hardness shore 18 to 55, bending strength 8 to 40, compressive strength 15 to 80 MPa, tensile strength 5~25MPA, thermal expansion coefficient of 2.5 to 5 × 10 -6 K, the thermal conductivity 110~160W / (m · K), Ri Do from the maximum particle diameter less than 3mm molding graphite, thickness Production of a cored steel tool for a seamless steel pipe, characterized by casting a molten low alloy steel in a mold for manufacturing a cored steel tool for a seamless steel pipe having a thickness of ½ times or more of the wall thickness of the cored metal tool Because it is a method, it is possible to obtain a core metal tool in a seamless steel pipe with excellent heat insulation and wear resistance, with excellent scale and scale (oxide film) on the surface layer. There is an effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of a mold for producing a cored bar tool of a seamless steel pipe, a tensile test piece, and a hardness test piece collecting position according to the present invention.
2 is a microstructural photograph (× 100) of an outer surface portion of a cored bar tool obtained in Example 3. FIG.
3 is a microstructural photograph (× 100) of a central portion of a cored bar tool obtained in Example 3. FIG.
4 is a microstructural photograph (× 100) of an inner surface portion of a cored bar tool obtained in Example 3. FIG.
5 is a microstructural photograph (× 100) of an outer surface portion of a cored bar tool obtained in Comparative Example 5. FIG.
6 is a microstructural photograph (× 100) of a central portion of a cored bar tool obtained in Comparative Example 5. FIG.
7 is a microstructural photograph (× 100) of an inner surface portion of a cored bar tool obtained in Comparative Example 5. FIG.
8 is a macrostructure photograph of the cored bar tool obtained in Example 3. FIG.
9 is a macrostructure photograph of the cored bar tool obtained in Comparative Example 5. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Seamless steel pipe core tool manufacturing mold, tensile test piece and hardness test piece sampling position

Claims (2)

物性として常温で、嵩比重1.6〜1.8、固有抵抗6.5〜11.0μΩm、硬度ショア18〜55、曲げ強さ8〜40、圧縮強さ15〜80MPA、引っ張り強さ5〜25MPA、熱膨張係数2.5〜5×10 6K、熱伝導度110〜160W/(m・K)、最大粒径3mm以下の成型黒鉛からなる継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型であって、その肉厚が芯金工具の肉厚の1/2倍以上であることを特徴とする継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型。Physical properties at room temperature, bulk specific gravity 1.6 to 1.8, specific resistance 6.5 to 11.0 μΩm, hardness shore 18 to 55, bending strength 8 to 40, compressive strength 15 to 80 MPa, tensile strength 5 to 25 MPa, the thermal expansion coefficient of 2.5~5 × 10 - 6 K, the thermal conductivity 110~160W / (m · K), in the core metal tool manufacturing mold up seamless consisting particle size less than 3mm molding graphite steel A mold for manufacturing a metal core tool for a seamless steel pipe, characterized in that the wall thickness is at least 1/2 times the wall thickness of the metal core tool. 物性として常温で、嵩比重1.6〜1.8、固有抵抗6.5〜11.0μΩm、硬度ショア18〜55、曲げ強さ8〜40、圧縮強さ15〜80MPA、引っ張り強さ5〜25MPA、熱膨張係数2.5〜5×10 6K、熱伝導度110〜160W/(m・K)、最大粒径3mm以下の成型黒鉛からなり、肉厚が芯金工具の肉厚の1/2倍以上である継目無し鋼管の芯金工具製造用鋳型内で低合金鋼溶湯を鋳造してなることを特徴とする継目無し鋼管の芯金工具の製造法。Physical properties at room temperature, bulk specific gravity 1.6 to 1.8, specific resistance 6.5 to 11.0 μΩm, hardness shore 18 to 55, bending strength 8 to 40, compressive strength 15 to 80 MPa, tensile strength 5 to 25 MPa, the thermal expansion coefficient of 2.5~5 × 10 - 6 K, the thermal conductivity 110~160W / (m · K), Ri Do from the maximum particle diameter less than 3mm molding graphite, the thickness of the wall thickness of the metal core tool A method for producing a cored steel tool for a seamless steel pipe, characterized by casting a molten low alloy steel in a mold for producing a cored steel tool for a seamless steel pipe that is at least 1/2 times the above .
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