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JP3669959B2 - Replacement parts for piping cleaning, piping cleaning methods, and pumping methods for amorphous refractories - Google Patents
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JP3669959B2 - Replacement parts for piping cleaning, piping cleaning methods, and pumping methods for amorphous refractories - Google Patents

Replacement parts for piping cleaning, piping cleaning methods, and pumping methods for amorphous refractories Download PDF

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JP3669959B2
JP3669959B2 JP2001386305A JP2001386305A JP3669959B2 JP 3669959 B2 JP3669959 B2 JP 3669959B2 JP 2001386305 A JP2001386305 A JP 2001386305A JP 2001386305 A JP2001386305 A JP 2001386305A JP 3669959 B2 JP3669959 B2 JP 3669959B2
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cleaning
pipe
pumping
replacement material
refractory
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JP2003185350A (en
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良介 中村
誠 難波
久晴 佐々木
裕人 竹内
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Shinagawa Refractories Co Ltd
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Shinagawa Refractories Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送における配管部洗浄用置換材、該置換材を用いる配管部洗浄方法および不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送方法に関する。詳細には、鉄鋼業用高炉,高炉樋,溶銑鍋,転炉,取鍋,RH,TD等や各種工業窯炉に湿式吹付用不定形耐火物または流し込み用不定形耐火物をポンプ圧送施工した後の配管部洗浄用置換材に関するものであり、更に、この置換材を用いるポンプ圧送用配管部の洗浄方法および不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
不定形耐火物は、施工において煉瓦のような熟練作業を必要とせず、施工の省力化や自動化が容易であるため、各窯炉において使用が広がっている。
【0003】
最近、低セメント化された緻密質不定形耐火物である流し込み材や湿式吹付材を、ポンプ圧送して施工場所へ移送し、流し込み施工、あるいは、ノズルを設け該ノズル部で圧搾空気と共に凝集・硬化剤を添加して吹付を行う湿式吹付施工が増加している。
特に、湿式吹付施工では、吹付施工方法がもつ“施工枠が不要で施工性に優れている”という点だけでなく、従来の乾式吹付施工よりも低水分で吹付可能なため、緻密化及び高強度化が容易で、耐用性が向上し、また、粉塵やリバウンドロスが低減するという特徴がある。
【0004】
上記したような流し込み材及び湿式吹付材などの不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送施工では、ポンプ圧送が終了したとき、ポンプから配管、配管出口まで材料が充満した状態である。このため、通常、施工終了後に水を圧送し、配管及びホース内に残存している材料を押し出して洗浄を行うが、配管内の材料を直接水で圧送すると、水が先行し、材料の粒と微粉が分離して閉塞し、圧送不能となる。これを防ぐために、配管内の材料と水の間にスポンジや紙屑等を入れることが多い。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、施工量が多い場合の施工終了時には、圧送配管やホース内壁に残存する材料(流動性が低下しポンプ圧送性が低下した材料)が付着した状態になっていることが多く、このような場合や、もともとポンプ圧送性の低い材料を用いている場合では、スポンジや紙屑等を配管内の材料と水の間に入れても、圧送抵抗が高くなるため、やはり水が先行し、分離して閉塞することがあった。
【0006】
また、施工場所や窯炉によっては、施工終了後直ちに配管を洗浄することができない場合があり、このような場合には、しばらくの間圧送停止状態になるが、この間に配管内の材料が分離したり硬化したりすることで、圧送洗浄不能になる場合もあった。特に、高温の炉内で吹付施工を行った場合では、その熱のために、施工終了後短時間で配管及びホース内の材料の圧送性が低下したり、硬化したりすることで、圧送洗浄不能になることが多かった。
【0007】
水での圧送洗浄が不能になった場合、ホースや配管の洗浄は困難であり、洗浄に多くの労力・時間が必要となる。特に材料の硬化により圧送洗浄不能になった場合は、ホースや配管が使用不能になることが多かった。
【0008】
本発明は、上記の欠点及び問題点を解決するものであり、ポンプ圧送による流し込み施工後及び湿式吹付施工後の“配管部での不定形耐火物の硬化,閉塞”のトラブルを防止する材料(配管部洗浄用置換材)を提供することを目的とし、また、この材料(配管部洗浄用置換材)を用いたポンプ圧送用配管部の洗浄方法、及び、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、鋭意検討した結果、特定の材料を配管部洗浄用置換材とすることによって、前記欠点及び問題点を解決し得ることを見いだし、本発明を完成させるに至った。
【0010】
即ち、本発明は、前記目的を達成する技術的構成として、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材では、「粒度調整された粉体状の原料配合物と水とを混練してなる、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送における配管部洗浄用置換材であって、100℃以下の温度域で硬化及び凝集する結合剤を含有せず、かつ24時間放置した後のタップフロー値が140mm以上であること」を特徴とし(請求項1)、また、
・前記原料配合物が、1mm以下の粒子を70重量%以上で、且つ75μm以下の微粉を30重量%以上含有すること(請求項2)、
・可塑剤を更に含有し(請求項3)、該可塑剤の含有量が、0.1〜30重量%であること(請求項4)、
を特徴とし、この技術的構成によって、ポンプ圧送による流し込み施工後及び湿式吹付施工後の“配管部での不定形耐火物の硬化,閉塞”のトラブルを防止し得る配管部洗浄用置換材を提供することができる。
【0011】
本発明のポンプ圧送用配管部の洗浄方法では、「前記した本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材を、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送施工終了後にポンプ圧送し、配管及びホース内に残存する不定形耐火物と置き換えた後、配管及びホース内を洗浄すること」を特徴とし(請求項5)、これによって、水での圧送洗浄が容易に行うことができる。
【0012】
本発明のポンプ圧送方法では、「前記した本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材を、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送施工終了後にポンプ圧送し、配管およびホース内に残存する不定形耐火物と置き換え、放置し、次回施工時にそのまま続いて不定形耐火物を圧送すること」を特徴とし(請求項6)、これによって、その後の不定形耐火物を問題なく圧送・施工することができ、しかも、配管およびホース内の“水による洗浄作業”を省略することができるので、作業能率を向上させることができる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について説明すると、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材は、粒度調整された粉体状の原料配合物(以下、単に“配合物”という)を水で混練したものであって、「100℃以下の温度域で硬化及び凝集するような結合剤(水硬性や気硬性及び反応によりゲルを生成する等の結合剤)を含有しないこと」を特徴とする(第一の特徴点)。100℃を境界とする理由は、炉内温度が100℃以上であっても、配管及びホース内は通常密閉されていないので、この中の洗浄用置換材は、水分がある限り100℃以上に上がらないからである。
【0014】
本発明の上記第一の特徴点により、常温はもちろんのこと高温下の作業でも、ポンプ圧送性が低下せず、従来と比較して容易に洗浄が可能となる。また、混練水分の蒸発により作業性が低下した場合であっても、バインダーによる化学的な硬化ではないため、容易に洗浄することができる。
【0015】
本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材は、上記第一の特徴点に加えて、さらに「水との混練後24時間放置した後のタップフロー値が140mm以上であること」を特徴とする(第二の特徴点)。タップフロー値が140mm未満であると、ポンプ圧送性が低下するため、閉塞を起こしやすく、洗浄作業が困難となるので好ましくない。この第二の特徴点により、水との混練後24時間放置した後であっても、タップフロー値が140mm以上であることから、ポンプ圧送が可能であり、諸事情により施工後直ちに配管及びホースの洗浄ができない場合でも、ポンプ圧送性の低下が小さく、従来発生していた閉塞トラブルを回避することができる。
【0016】
本発明における“タップフロー値”とは、JIS R 2521に規定されるフロー試験方法により得られる値である。具体的には、上部及び下部が開放されている“上部内径70mm,下部内径100mm,高さ60mm”の円錐台形の鋼製容器をタップフローテーブルに乗せ、該鋼製容器の中に上部から測定試料を詰め棒で2層に分けて充填した後、2〜3秒で上方に鋼製容器を抜き取り、15秒に15回落下運動を与え、材料が広がった径の長さ(mm)を最大と認められる方向とこれに直角な方向について計る。この2つの長さの平均値を整数に丸めた値を“タップフロー値”としている。
【0017】
本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材で用いる配合物の粒度構成としては、限定されるものではないが、1mm以下の粒子を70重量%以上で、且つ75μm以下の粒子を30重量%以上含有するものが好ましい。
1mm以下の粒子が70重量%未満では、相対的に1mm以上の粗粒が多くなるため、配管およびホース、特にテーパー部内でブリッジを起こしたり、数時間放置していた場合に沈降を起こしたりしやすく、圧送抵抗の増大や閉塞等の問題を引き起こす可能性が高くなり、洗浄作業が困難となる傾向がある。また、75μm以下の粒子が30重量%未満では、可塑性に乏しく、粒と微粉が分離しやすくなるため、やはり圧送抵抗の増大や閉塞等の問題が起こりやすくなるので好ましくない。より望ましくは、75μm以下の粒子を30重量%以上含有し、且つ20μm以下の粒子を15重量%以上含有するものである。
【0018】
また、配合物に用いる粒子の最大粒径については、ポンプ圧送性の点で、圧送配管やホース及びノズルの最小内径の1/3以下が好ましい。このサイズを上回るような粒径の粒子を用いると、閉塞の原因となりやすく、洗浄が困難となる。より好ましくは最大粒径が5mm以下の粒子である。
なお、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材に用いる配合物は、1mm以下の粒子が100重量%であってもなんの差し支えもなく、置換材の機能と効果には問題なく適用が可能であり、これも本発明に包含されるものである。
【0019】
しかし、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材に使用される原料としては、先に圧送される不定形耐火物と同種の成分の原料が最も好ましい。これは、配管部洗浄用置換材に、先に圧送される不定形耐火物の成分と反応し、凝集または硬化する原料を使用すると、ポンプ圧送性が低下し、洗浄が困難となるためである。例えば、先に圧送される不定形耐火物にリン酸塩や珪酸塩が含まれている場合、マグネシアを含有した置換材を用いると、凝集することがあるので好ましくない。
【0020】
従って、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材において、先に圧送される不定形耐火物の成分と反応し、凝集または硬化しない原料であれば、問題なく使用可能であり、この条件を満たせば、一般に耐火物に使用されている耐火原料だけでなく、川砂,山砂,海砂等の建築用コンクリートの骨材原料なども使用可能である。
骨材の内、耐火原料としては、本発明で特に限定されるものではなく、通常使用されている耐火原料が使用可能であり、例えば、アルミナ,シリカ,マグネシア,ジルコニア,クロミア,炭素,炭化物,窒化物等を1種または2種以上含有するものが挙げられる。これらの原料は、天然のもの,天然のものに化学的または物理的な処理を加えたもの,人工的に合成されたもの,スラグまたは副生物として回収されたもの,耐火物の粉砕品や加工屑,のいずれであってもよい。例えば、電融アルミナ,焼結アルミナ,仮焼アルミナ,ボーキサイド,電融マグネシア,焼結マグネシア,アルミナ−マグネシアスピネル,バン土頁岩,カイヤナイト,アンダリュサイト,ムライト,ロー石,シャモット,シリカフラワー,クロム鉱,ジルコン,ジルコニア,炭化珪素,黒鉛等や、これらを用いた耐火物の粉砕物や加工屑などが挙げられる。
ここで注意しなければならないのは、カルシアまたはカルシウム塩を含有するものは水硬性を発現するおそれがあるので、用いないことである。
【0021】
ただし、配管部洗浄用置換材に置き換え、放置し、次回施工時にそのまま続いて不定形耐火物を圧送する場合には、配管部洗浄用置換材が続いて圧送する不定形耐火物の高温特性を阻害することがあるので、続いて圧送する不定形耐火物の成分と同種の成分の耐火原料を使用するのが好ましい。特に微粉原料は、配管及びホース内に残る可能性が高いので、続いて圧送する不定形耐火物の成分と同種の成分の耐火原料を使用することが好ましい。
【0022】
しかしながら、異なる種類の不定形耐火物を圧送する毎に、配管部洗浄用置換材の種類を変えることは作業が煩雑になり好ましくない。本発明者等は、種々検討した結果、次に例示するような組み合わせ以外であれば、続いて圧送する不定形耐火物の高温特性を損ねることがないので、通常耐火物に使用される化学組成の耐火材料を、配管部洗浄用置換材の耐火材料として任意に使用することができる。
【0023】
酸性不定形耐火物(例えば、シリカなどの酸性原料を60重量%以上含有する不定形耐火物)に対して、塩基性の耐火材料(例えば、マグネシアやカルシアなどの塩基性原料を60重量%以上含有する耐火材料)で構成される配管部洗浄用置換材の使用は、上記酸性不定形耐火物の高温特性を著しく損ねる場合があるので、好ましくない。
また、塩基性不定形耐火物(例えば、マグネシアなどの塩基性原料を60重量%以上含有する不定形耐火物)に対して、酸性の耐火材料(例えば、シリカなどの酸性原料を60重量%以上含有する耐火材料)で構成される配管部洗浄用置換材の使用も、同様の理由で好ましくない。
【0024】
本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材には、可塑性原料(可塑剤)を含有していても良く、これは、本発明の好ましい実施形態である。この実施形態によれば、配管部洗浄用置換材に可塑性が付与されることになり、水分を多めに加えた柔らかい置換材としても、適度な保形性を有するため、粒と微粉が分離しにくく、ポンプ圧送性が向上し、圧送抵抗の増大や閉塞等の問題を防止することが可能である。
【0025】
可塑性材料(可塑剤)としては、カオリナイトやモンモリロナイトなどの粘土鉱物,セリサイトなどの雲母類,長石類、あるいは、セピオライトなどの蛇紋岩類のような“可塑性を示す無機鉱物”を使用することができる。
また、配管部洗浄用置換材に添加することで、見かけ上可塑性を示すようになる有機系添加剤、例えば、デキストリン,アラビアゴム,メチルセルロース,カルボキシメチルセルロース,ポリビニルアルコール,その他各種の多糖類などを使用することができる。これらの有機系添加剤は、乾燥されると強度を発現するものもあるが、乾燥を防げば、硬化することはなく、見かけ上可塑性を示すので使用可能である。
【0026】
上記のような可塑性原料(可塑剤)や有機系添加剤は、通常各種の耐火物にも使用されるものであり、配管部洗浄用置換材に置き換え、放置し、次回施工時にそのまま続いて不定形耐火物を圧送する場合も、続いて圧送する不定形耐火物が有する本来の特性(耐火性などの性能)を大きく阻害するものではない。
【0027】
可塑性原料(可塑剤)の含有量は、配管部洗浄用置換材の比重や粒度によって調整されるべきであるが、通常、置換材100重量部中0.01〜30重量%であることが望ましい。この範囲内とすることにより、配管部洗浄用置換材の可塑性を確保し、スムーズな圧送性を与え、かつ粒と微粉の分離を防止することができるので好ましい。
【0028】
また、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材に分散剤を添加することも、本発明の好ましい実施形態である。分散剤としては、配管部洗浄用置換材の骨材成分と反応し凝集または硬化せず、また、先に圧送される不定形耐火物及び続いて圧送される不定形耐火物と反応し凝集または硬化しないものであれば、特に限定されるものではなく、周知の分散剤を任意に使用することができる。
但し、先に圧送される不定形耐火物及び続いて圧送される不定形耐火物と反応し凝集または硬化する分散剤を使用すると、置換材や続いて圧送される不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送性が低下し、洗浄あるいは施工が困難となるため、使用してはならない。
【0029】
さらに、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材に着色剤を添加することも、本発明の好ましい実施形態である。このように着色剤を添加しておくと、不定形耐火物と置換したかどうか容易に判別することが可能となる。着色剤としては、顔料系,染料系のいずれも使用することができる。
本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材を着色するためには、少量の着色剤の添加量でよく、着色剤の種類にもよるが、0.001〜5%程度の濃度で十分である。
【0030】
本発明の配管部洗浄方法は、上記した配管部洗浄用置換材を使用する配管部洗浄方法であって、不定形耐火物である流し込み材または湿式吹付材のポンプ圧送施工終了に合わせて、上記配管部洗浄用置換材を混練,圧送し、配管洗浄前に、この配管およびホース内に残存する不定形耐火物を配管部洗浄用置換材に置き換え、その後、配管及びホース内を水で洗浄する方法である。
この方法によれば、配管及びホース内の配管部洗浄用置換材が結合剤を含まず硬化していないので、水での圧送洗浄が容易に行うことができる。
【0031】
一方、本発明の不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送方法は、上記洗浄方法と同様、配管及びホース内に残存する不定形耐火物を配管部洗浄用置換材に置き換え、その後、配管及びホース内を水にて洗浄せずに放置し、次回施工時にそのまま続いて不定形耐火物を圧送する方法である。
この方法によれば、配管及びホース内の水による洗浄工程が省かれるため、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送施工における作業工程が簡略化できる。但し、ミキサーやホッパー及び圧送部については、水で洗浄しなければならない。また、置換材を1日以上放置していた場合、ホースの先端のように空気にさらされる部位は、水分が蒸発し、ポンプ圧送性が低下していることがあるので、不定形耐火物を圧送する前に、この部位だけ置換材を取り除くことが望ましい。
【0032】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の実施例を比較例と共に挙げ、本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明は、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0033】
<本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材に係る実施例,比較例>
各種原料(耐火原料,建築用原料,可塑剤,分散剤)および水を、表1に示す割合(いずれも“重量部”)で配合し混練して、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材(配合例1〜5)及び比較配合例1,2のポンプ圧送施工用不定形耐火物を製造した。なお、表1に配合例1〜5及び比較配合例1,2で用いた原料の粒度構成(重量%)を表示した。
【0034】
得られた配合例1〜5及び比較配合例1,2に対して、次に示す圧送テストにより、水と混練し24時間後の「吐出圧力」及び「洗浄作業性」の評価を行った。この評価結果を表1に示した。また、水と混練し24時間後の「タップフロー値(mm)」を測定し、同じく表1に示した。
【0035】
(圧送テスト)
配合例1〜5及び比較配合例1,2を水にて混練し、配管全てを満たす程度に圧送した後24時間放置し、その後再び圧送を行い、このときの「吐出圧力」を測定した。(この吐出圧力が低いほどポンプ圧送性が良好であることを示している。)
また、「洗浄作業性」については、配合例1〜5及び比較配合例1,2の圧送後の“水での配管洗浄”の際に、洗浄の難易度及び洗浄作業に要する時間により、混練24時間後の洗浄作業性の評価を行い、
・洗浄が容易でかつ作業時間が30分以内であった材料:○
・洗浄が多少困難で作業時間に30分〜120分要した材料:△
・洗浄が非常に困難で作業時間が120分以上か或いは閉塞して洗浄不可能に
なった材料:×
で示した。但し、混練24時間後のタップフロー値測定の際に材料が硬化していたものは、配管内でも同様に硬化するとみなし、実際には圧送は行わず“圧送・洗浄不可”とした。
圧送テストに用いた圧送ポンプは、最大吐出量:10m3/hour,最大吐出圧力:10.4MPa,ピストン口径80mmのダブルピストンポンプを使用した。この圧送ポンプの出口からレデューサーを使用して径を絞り込み、内径50mmの配管(金属配管部とフレキシブルホースからなる)を30m接続して圧送を行った。
【0036】
【表1】

Figure 0003669959
【0037】
表1から、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材の実施例である“配合例1〜5”では、吐出圧力が低く、ポンプ圧送性が良好であることがわかった。また、洗浄作業性が容易であって、洗浄作業も短時間で終了することがわかった。
これに対して、比較配合例1,2では、アルミナセメント(結合剤)を含有しているので、硬化してしまい、“圧送・洗浄不可”であった。
【0038】
<本発明の配管部洗浄方法に係る実施例,比較例>
施工対象として高炉を用い、比較配合例1の湿式吹付施工を行ったときの例(比較例,実施例)を示す。
【0039】
(比較例)
湿式吹付施工時の高炉内は200℃であった。施工部位は地上40mの高所であり、作業性の点から施工終了後直ちに配管及びホース内を洗浄することができない状態であったため、施工終了後、配管及びホース内に湿式吹付施工に用いた比較配合例1の不定形耐火物を残した状態にしていた。1時間後に配管及びホースの洗浄を開始したが、比較配合例1は結合剤を含んでいるため、材料が硬化し、閉塞が発生した。このため、水での圧送洗浄が不可能となった。洗浄に半日かかり、非常に多くの労力・時間を費やす結果となった。また、一部の配管及びホースの中には使用不能になったものもあった。
【0040】
(実施例)
同じ高炉における湿式吹付施工において、比較配合例1の施工終了後に、続けて配合例1に示す本発明の置換材を混練・圧送し、配管及びホース内に残存する比較配合例1の不定形耐火物を配合例1に置換した。1時間後に水で洗浄したところ、配管及びホース内の配合例1の置換材は結合剤を含まず硬化していないので、配合例1の圧送が極めて良好であって、水での圧送洗浄が容易に行うことができ、わずか10分で終了した。
【0041】
<本発明のポンプ圧送方法に係る実施例>
取鍋の施工で、比較配合例2のポンプ圧送施工を行ったときの例を示す。
比較配合例2のポンプ圧送施工終了後に、配合例5に示す本発明の置換材を混練・圧送し、配管及びホース内に残存する比較配合例2の不定形耐火物を配合例5に置換した。その後、配管及びホース内を水にて洗浄せずに2日間放置した。2日後の取鍋の施工時に、そのまま続いて比較配合例2を圧送することを試みた。その結果、比較配合例2の不定形耐火物を問題なく圧送・施工することができた。このことによって、配管及びホース内の水による洗浄作業が省かれたので、洗浄工程が簡略化され、作業能率を向上させることができた。
【0042】
【発明の効果】
以上詳記したとおり、本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材は、「粒度調整された粉体状の原料配合物と水とを混練してなる、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送における配管部洗浄用置換材であって、100℃以下の温度域で硬化及び凝集する結合剤を含有せず、かつ24時間放置した後のタップフロー値が140mm以上であること」を特徴とし、これによって、ポンプ圧送による流し込み施工後及び湿式吹付施工後の“配管部での不定形耐火物の硬化,閉塞”のトラブルを防止し得る洗浄用置換材を提供することができる。
【0043】
また、本発明のポンプ圧送用配管部の洗浄方法は、「前記した本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材を、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送施工終了後にポンプ圧送し、配管及びホース内に残存する不定形耐火物と置き換えた後、配管及びホース内を洗浄すること」を特徴とし、これによって、水での圧送洗浄が容易に行うことができる。
【0044】
更に、本発明のポンプ圧送方法は、「前記した本発明の配管部洗浄用置換材を、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送施工終了後にポンプ圧送し、配管およびホース内に残存する不定形耐火物と置き換え、放置し、次回施工時にそのまま続いて不定形耐火物を圧送すること」を特徴とし、これによって、その後の不定形耐火物を問題なく圧送・施工することができ、しかも、配管およびホース内の“水による洗浄作業”を省略することができるので、作業能率を向上させることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pipe member cleaning replacement material for pumping an amorphous refractory, a pipe portion cleaning method using the replacement material, and a pumping method for an amorphous refractory. In detail, we pumped non-uniform refractories for wet spraying or non-uniform refractories for pouring into various industrial kilns, such as blast furnaces for the steel industry, blast furnace slag, hot metal ladle, converter, ladle, RH, TD, etc. The present invention relates to a later-described pipe member cleaning replacement material, and further relates to a pumping pipe cleaning method and an amorphous refractory pumping method using this replacement material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Indeterminate refractories do not require skilled work such as bricks in construction, and are easy to save labor and automate construction, and thus are widely used in each furnace.
[0003]
Recently, cast materials and wet spray materials, which are dense cemented refractories that have been cemented low, are pumped and transferred to the construction site, and are poured or combined with compressed air at the nozzle section. Wet spraying construction that adds a curing agent and sprays is increasing.
In particular, in wet spraying construction, not only is the construction method of spraying “no construction frame required and excellent workability”, but it is possible to spray with lower moisture than conventional dry spraying construction. It is characterized by easy strength, improved durability, and reduced dust and rebound loss.
[0004]
In the pumping construction of irregular refractories such as the casting material and the wet spraying material as described above, when the pumping is finished, the material is filled from the pump to the piping and the piping outlet. For this reason, usually, water is pumped after completion of construction, and the material remaining in the pipe and the hose is pushed out and washed, but when the material in the pipe is pumped directly with water, the water precedes and the particles of the material And fine powder separates and closes, making it impossible to pump. In order to prevent this, sponge or paper waste is often put between the material in the pipe and water.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, at the end of construction when the amount of construction is large, the material remaining on the inner wall of the pressure feeding pipe or hose (the material whose fluidity has fallen and whose pumpability has been lowered) is often attached. In some cases, or when materials with low pumpability are used, even if sponge or paper waste is placed between the material in the pipe and the water, the pressure resistance will be high, so water will also precede and separate. And sometimes blocked.
[0006]
Also, depending on the construction site and kiln, the pipe may not be cleaned immediately after the construction is complete.In such a case, the pumping is stopped for a while, but the material in the pipe is separated during this time. In some cases, it may become impossible to perform pressure-feed cleaning by hardening or curing. In particular, when spraying is performed in a high-temperature furnace, due to the heat, the pumpability of the material in the pipes and hoses decreases or hardens in a short time after the completion of the construction, so It was often impossible.
[0007]
When pressure-feed cleaning with water becomes impossible, it is difficult to clean hoses and pipes, and much labor and time are required for cleaning. In particular, when pressure feeding and washing became impossible due to the hardening of the material, the hose and piping were often unusable.
[0008]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks and problems, and is a material that prevents the problem of “curing and blocking of the irregular refractory material in the piping section” after casting by pumping and after wet spraying ( The purpose is to provide a replacement material for piping section cleaning), and a cleaning method for a pumping piping section using this material (a replacement material for piping section cleaning) and a pumping method for an amorphous refractory. The purpose is to provide.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned drawbacks and problems can be solved by using a specific material as a replacement material for pipe section cleaning, and have completed the present invention.
[0010]
That is, as a technical configuration for achieving the above-described object, the present invention provides a pipe member cleaning replacement material according to the present invention, which is formed by kneading a powder-form raw material compound with adjusted particle size and water. Replacement material for pipe section cleaning in refractory pumping, does not contain a binder that cures and aggregates in a temperature range of 100 ° C. or less, and has a tap flow value of 140 mm or more after standing for 24 hours. (Claim 1), and
The raw material mixture contains 70% by weight or more of particles of 1 mm or less and 30% by weight or more of fine powder of 75 μm or less (claim 2),
A plasticizer is further contained (Claim 3), and the content of the plasticizer is 0.1 to 30% by weight (Claim 4);
This technical configuration provides a replacement material for pipe cleaning that can prevent the problem of "curing and clogging of irregular shaped refractories in the piping" after pumping and wet spraying. can do.
[0011]
In the method for cleaning a pump part for pumping according to the present invention, the above-mentioned replacement material for pipe part cleaning according to the present invention is pumped after completion of the pumping operation of the amorphous refractory, and the indefinite form remaining in the pipe and the hose. After replacing with the refractory, the inside of the pipe and the hose is washed ”(Claim 5). This makes it possible to easily perform pressure washing with water.
[0012]
In the pumping method of the present invention, the above-mentioned replacement material for cleaning the piping part of the present invention is pumped after completion of the pumping operation of the amorphous refractory and replaced with the amorphous refractory remaining in the pipe and the hose, It is characterized by the fact that it is left unattended, and then the unfixed refractory is pumped as it is at the next construction ”(Claim 6), whereby the subsequent unfixed refractory can be pumped and installed without problems, and the piping Further, since the “water cleaning operation” in the hose can be omitted, the work efficiency can be improved.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The replacement material for pipe section cleaning according to the present invention is obtained by kneading a powdery raw material compound (hereinafter simply referred to as “compound”) with adjusted particle size with water. It is characterized by not containing a binder that hardens and aggregates in a temperature range of 100 ° C. or lower (a binder that generates a gel by hydraulic or air-hardness and reaction) (first) Features). The reason for the boundary of 100 ° C. is that even if the furnace temperature is 100 ° C. or higher, the piping and the hose are not normally sealed. It is because it does not rise.
[0014]
Due to the first feature of the present invention, the pumpability is not deteriorated not only at room temperature but also at high temperature, and can be easily cleaned as compared with the conventional one. Further, even when workability is reduced due to evaporation of the kneaded water, it is not chemically cured by the binder and can be easily washed.
[0015]
In addition to the first feature, the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention is further characterized in that the tap flow value after leaving for 24 hours after kneading with water is 140 mm or more (first Second feature point). When the tap flow value is less than 140 mm, the pumpability is lowered, and therefore, the clogging is likely to occur and the cleaning operation becomes difficult. Due to this second feature, even after 24 hours after being kneaded with water, the tap flow value is 140 mm or more, so pumping is possible. Even when cleaning cannot be performed, the reduction in pumpability is small, and the trouble of clogging that has occurred conventionally can be avoided.
[0016]
The “tap flow value” in the present invention is a value obtained by a flow test method defined in JIS R 2521. Specifically, a frustoconical steel container having an upper part and a bottom part of "top diameter 70 mm, bottom inner diameter 100 mm, height 60 mm" is placed on a tap flow table and measured from above into the steel container. After the sample is divided into two layers with a stuffing rod, the steel container is withdrawn upwards in 2 to 3 seconds, and the drop motion is given 15 times in 15 seconds to maximize the length (mm) of the diameter where the material has spread. Measure in the direction that is recognized and the direction perpendicular to this. A value obtained by rounding the average value of the two lengths into an integer is referred to as a “tap flow value”.
[0017]
The particle size constitution of the compound used in the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention is not limited, but it contains 70% by weight or more of particles of 1 mm or less and 30% by weight or more of particles of 75 μm or less. Those are preferred.
When particles of 1 mm or less are less than 70% by weight, coarse particles of 1 mm or more are relatively increased, and therefore, bridges and hoses, particularly in the taper portion, may cause bridging, or sedimentation may occur when left for several hours. This tends to cause problems such as increased pumping resistance and clogging, and makes the cleaning operation difficult. On the other hand, if the particle size is less than 30% by weight, the plasticity is poor, and the particles and the fine powder are easily separated, so that problems such as increase in pressure resistance and blockage are likely to occur. More desirably, it contains 30% by weight or more of particles of 75 μm or less and 15% by weight or more of particles of 20 μm or less.
[0018]
Moreover, about the maximum particle diameter of the particle | grains used for a compound, 1/3 or less of the minimum internal diameters of pumping piping, a hose, and a nozzle is preferable at the point of pump pumpability. If particles having a particle size exceeding this size are used, they are likely to be clogged and difficult to clean. More preferably, the maximum particle size is 5 mm or less.
In addition, the compound used for the replacement material for pipe part cleaning of the present invention can be applied without any problem to the function and effect of the replacement material, even if the particles of 1 mm or less are 100% by weight. This is also included in the present invention.
[0019]
However, as the raw material used for the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention, the raw material having the same component as the amorphous refractory to be pumped first is most preferable. This is because, when a raw material that reacts with the components of the amorphous refractory that is pumped first and aggregates or hardens is used as the pipe member cleaning replacement material, the pump pumpability is reduced and cleaning becomes difficult. . For example, when the amorphous refractory that is pumped first contains phosphate or silicate, it is not preferable to use a magnesia-containing replacement material because it may aggregate.
[0020]
Therefore, in the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention, it can be used without problems if it is a raw material that reacts with the components of the amorphous refractory that is pumped first and does not aggregate or harden, and if this condition is satisfied, In addition to refractory materials generally used for refractories, it is also possible to use aggregate materials for construction concrete such as river sand, mountain sand, and sea sand.
Of the aggregates, the refractory raw material is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a commonly used refractory raw material can be used. For example, alumina, silica, magnesia, zirconia, chromia, carbon, carbide, The thing containing 1 type, or 2 or more types of nitride etc. is mentioned. These raw materials are natural, natural, chemically or physically treated, artificially synthesized, recovered as slag or by-products, refractory crushed and processed Any of scraps may be used. For example, fused alumina, sintered alumina, calcined alumina, bauxite, fused magnesia, sintered magnesia, alumina-magnesia spinel, van earth shale, kyanite, andalusite, mullite, rholite, chamotte, silica flour, Examples thereof include chrome ore, zircon, zirconia, silicon carbide, graphite, and refractory pulverized products and processed scraps.
It should be noted here that calcia or calcium salt-containing ones may develop hydraulic properties and should not be used.
[0021]
However, if you replace the pipe with a replacement material for piping cleaning, leave it, and continue to pump the amorphous refractory as it is in the next installation, the high temperature characteristics of the amorphous refractory that the piping replacement cleaning material continues to pump It is preferable to use a refractory raw material having the same component as the component of the amorphous refractory that is subsequently pumped because it may hinder. In particular, since the fine powder raw material is likely to remain in the pipe and the hose, it is preferable to use a refractory raw material having the same component as the component of the amorphous refractory to be subsequently pumped.
[0022]
However, it is not preferable to change the type of the pipe member cleaning replacement material each time a different type of amorphous refractory is pumped, because the operation becomes complicated. As a result of various investigations, the present inventors have not compromised the high-temperature characteristics of the amorphous refractory to be pumped unless the combination is exemplified as follows. The refractory material can be arbitrarily used as a refractory material for the pipe member cleaning replacement material.
[0023]
Basic refractory materials (eg, 60 wt% or more of basic raw materials such as magnesia and calcia) with respect to acidic refractories (eg, refractories containing 60 wt% or more of acidic raw materials such as silica) The use of a replacement material for cleaning a piping part composed of a refractory material to be contained is not preferable because it may significantly impair the high-temperature characteristics of the acidic amorphous refractory.
Moreover, with respect to basic amorphous refractories (for example, amorphous refractories containing 60 wt% or more of basic raw materials such as magnesia), acidic refractory materials (for example, 60 wt% or more of acidic raw materials such as silica) The use of a pipe member cleaning replacement material composed of a refractory material contained) is also not preferred for the same reason.
[0024]
The pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention may contain a plastic raw material (plasticizer), which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. According to this embodiment, plasticity is imparted to the pipe member cleaning replacement material, and even if it is a soft replacement material with a large amount of water added, it has moderate shape retention, so that the particles and fine powder are separated. It is difficult to improve the pumping performance, and it is possible to prevent problems such as increased pumping resistance and blockage.
[0025]
As plastic materials (plasticizers), use clay minerals such as kaolinite and montmorillonite, mica such as sericite, feldspar, or “inorganic minerals that exhibit plasticity” such as serpentine such as sepiolite. Can do.
In addition, organic additives such as dextrin, gum arabic, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and other various polysaccharides that appear to be plastic when added to the pipe cleaning material are used. can do. Some of these organic additives exhibit strength when dried, but if they are prevented from drying, they are not cured and can be used because they appear to be plastic.
[0026]
The plastic raw materials (plasticizers) and organic additives as described above are usually used for various refractories, and are replaced with replacement parts for pipe cleaning, and left untouched at the next construction. Even when the regular refractory is pumped, the original properties (performance such as fire resistance) possessed by the unshaped refractory to be pumped subsequently are not significantly hindered.
[0027]
The content of the plastic raw material (plasticizer) should be adjusted according to the specific gravity and particle size of the pipe member cleaning replacement material, but is usually preferably 0.01 to 30% by weight in 100 parts by weight of the replacement material. . By setting it within this range, it is preferable because the plasticity of the pipe member cleaning replacement material can be ensured, smooth pumpability can be provided, and separation of particles and fine powder can be prevented.
[0028]
Moreover, it is also a preferred embodiment of the present invention to add a dispersant to the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention. As the dispersant, it does not aggregate or harden by reacting with the aggregate component of the pipe member cleaning replacement material, and also reacts with the amorphous refractory that is pumped first and then the amorphous refractory that is pumped. As long as it does not harden | cure, it will not specifically limit, A well-known dispersing agent can be used arbitrarily.
However, if a dispersant that reacts with the amorphous refractory that is pumped first and then the amorphous refractory that is pumped and then coagulates or hardens is used, the pumpability of the replacement material and the subsequent amorphous refractory that is pumped Do not use this because it will be difficult to clean or install.
[0029]
Furthermore, it is also a preferred embodiment of the present invention to add a colorant to the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention. If the colorant is added in this manner, it can be easily determined whether or not the amorphous refractory is replaced. As the colorant, both pigment-based and dye-based can be used.
In order to color the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention, a small amount of colorant may be added, and depending on the type of colorant, a concentration of about 0.001 to 5% is sufficient.
[0030]
The pipe part cleaning method of the present invention is a pipe part cleaning method that uses the above-described pipe part cleaning replacement material, and in accordance with the end of the pumping construction of the casting material or wet spray material that is an irregular refractory, The replacement material for pipe cleaning is kneaded and pumped. Before the pipe cleaning, the irregular refractories remaining in the pipe and hose are replaced with the pipe cleaning replacement material, and then the pipe and hose are cleaned with water. Is the method.
According to this method, the piping and cleaning replacement material in the pipe and the hose do not contain the binder and are not cured, so that the pressure cleaning with water can be easily performed.
[0031]
On the other hand, the pumping method of the amorphous refractory according to the present invention replaces the amorphous refractory remaining in the piping and the hose with the replacement material for cleaning the piping part, and then the piping and the hose are watered. This is a method in which the refractory is pressed without being washed at the next time, and is continuously fed at the next construction.
According to this method, since the washing process with water in the pipe and the hose is omitted, the work process in the pumping construction of the irregular refractory can be simplified. However, the mixer, hopper and pumping part must be washed with water. Also, if the replacement material has been left for more than a day, the parts exposed to air, such as the tip of the hose, may evaporate water and reduce the pumpability. It is desirable to remove the replacement material only at this site before pumping.
[0032]
【Example】
Next, although the Example of this invention is given with a comparative example and this invention is demonstrated concretely, this invention is not limited to a following example.
[0033]
<Examples and comparative examples according to the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention>
Various raw materials (refractory raw materials, building raw materials, plasticizers, dispersants) and water are blended and kneaded in the proportions shown in Table 1 (all are “parts by weight”), and the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention ( The irregular refractories for pumping construction of blending examples 1 to 5) and comparative blending examples 1 and 2 were manufactured. In Table 1, the particle size constitution (% by weight) of the raw materials used in Formulation Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Formulation Examples 1 and 2 is displayed.
[0034]
The obtained blending examples 1 to 5 and comparative blending examples 1 and 2 were kneaded with water and evaluated for "discharge pressure" and "cleaning workability" after 24 hours by the following pumping test. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1. Further, the “tap flow value (mm)” after 24 hours of kneading with water was measured and is also shown in Table 1.
[0035]
(Pressing test)
Blending Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Blending Examples 1 and 2 were kneaded with water and pumped to the extent that all the piping was filled, then left for 24 hours, then pumped again, and the "discharge pressure" at this time was measured. (The lower the discharge pressure, the better the pumping performance.)
In addition, regarding “cleaning workability”, kneading depends on the degree of difficulty of cleaning and the time required for the cleaning work in the case of “pipe cleaning with water” after pumping of Formulation Examples 1-5 and Comparative Formulation Examples 1, 2. Evaluate cleaning workability after 24 hours,
・ Materials that were easy to clean and worked for less than 30 minutes: ○
・ Materials that were somewhat difficult to clean and required 30 to 120 minutes to work: △
・ Materials that are very difficult to clean and have a working time of 120 minutes or more, or cannot be cleaned due to clogging: ×
It showed in. However, if the material was hardened at the time of measuring the tap flow value after 24 hours of kneading, it was assumed that the material was hardened in the pipe as well, and in practice, no pressure feeding was performed, and “pressure feeding / washing not possible” was set.
The pressure pump used for the pressure test was a double piston pump with a maximum discharge rate of 10 m 3 / hour, a maximum discharge pressure of 10.4 MPa, and a piston diameter of 80 mm. The diameter of the pump was reduced from the outlet of the pump using a reducer, and a pipe having an inner diameter of 50 mm (consisting of a metal pipe and a flexible hose) was connected for 30 m to perform pumping.
[0036]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003669959
[0037]
From Table 1, it was found that, in “Formulation Examples 1 to 5” which are examples of the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention, the discharge pressure is low and the pumpability is good. It was also found that the cleaning workability was easy and the cleaning work was completed in a short time.
On the other hand, Comparative Formulation Examples 1 and 2 contained alumina cement (binder) and thus hardened and were “pumping / cleaning impossible”.
[0038]
<Examples and comparative examples according to the pipe part cleaning method of the present invention>
The example (comparative example, Example) when the wet spraying construction of the comparative compounding example 1 was performed using the blast furnace as the construction object is shown.
[0039]
(Comparative example)
The inside of the blast furnace at the time of wet spraying construction was 200 ° C. Since the construction site is at a height of 40m above the ground and the inside of the pipe and the hose cannot be cleaned immediately after the construction from the viewpoint of workability, it was used for wet spraying in the pipe and the hose after the construction was completed. The amorphous refractory of Comparative Formulation Example 1 was left. After 1 hour, the piping and the hose started to be washed. Since Comparative Formulation Example 1 contained a binder, the material was cured and clogging occurred. For this reason, it was impossible to perform pressure washing with water. The cleaning took half a day, and it took a great deal of labor and time. Some of the pipes and hoses have become unusable.
[0040]
(Example)
In wet spraying in the same blast furnace, after completion of the construction of Comparative Formulation Example 1, the substitute material of the present invention shown in Formulation Example 1 is continuously kneaded and pumped, and the irregular refractory of Comparative Formulation Example 1 remaining in the pipe and the hose The product was replaced with Formulation Example 1. After washing with water after 1 hour, the replacement material of Formulation Example 1 in the pipe and the hose does not contain a binder and is not cured, so the pumping of Formulation Example 1 is very good, and the pumping washing with water is It was easy to do and finished in just 10 minutes.
[0041]
<Example according to the pumping method of the present invention>
The example when the pumping construction of the comparative compounding example 2 is performed by construction of the ladle is shown.
After completion of the pumping operation of Comparative Formulation Example 2, the replacement material of the present invention shown in Formulation Example 5 was kneaded and pumped, and the amorphous refractory of Comparative Formulation Example 2 remaining in the piping and the hose was replaced with Formulation Example 5. . Then, the piping and the hose were left for 2 days without being washed with water. At the time of construction of the ladle after 2 days, it was tried to continue feeding the comparative blending example 2 as it was. As a result, it was possible to pump and construct the amorphous refractory of Comparative Formulation Example 2 without problems. As a result, the cleaning work with water in the pipe and the hose was omitted, so that the cleaning process was simplified and the work efficiency could be improved.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, the pipe member cleaning replacement material of the present invention is “for cleaning a pipe part in pumping of an amorphous refractory, which is a mixture of a powdery raw material compound with adjusted particle size and water”. It is a replacement material that does not contain a binder that cures and aggregates in a temperature range of 100 ° C. or lower, and has a tap flow value of 140 mm or more after being left for 24 hours. It is possible to provide a cleaning replacement material that can prevent the trouble of “curing and blocking of the irregular refractory in the piping portion” after the casting construction and the wet spraying construction.
[0043]
In addition, the method for cleaning a pumping pipe part of the present invention is as follows: “The above-described replacement part for pipe cleaning of the present invention is pumped after completion of the pumping operation of the amorphous refractory and remains in the pipe and the hose. After replacing with an irregular refractory, the inside of the pipe and the hose is washed, ”whereby the pressure washing with water can be easily performed.
[0044]
Furthermore, the pumping method of the present invention is described as follows: “The above-described replacement material for cleaning a piping part of the present invention is pumped after completion of the pumping operation of the amorphous refractory, and the amorphous refractory remaining in the pipe and the hose It is characterized by the fact that it is replaced, left unattended, and then pumps the unshaped refractory as it is at the next construction, which allows subsequent unshaped refractories to be pumped and constructed without problems, and in the piping and hose. This eliminates the “water cleaning operation”, so that the work efficiency can be improved.

Claims (6)

粒度調整された粉体状の原料配合物と水とを混練してなる、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送における配管部洗浄用置換材であって、100℃以下の温度域で硬化及び凝集する結合剤を含有せず、かつ24時間放置した後のタップフロー値が140mm以上であることを特徴とする配管部洗浄用置換材。A replacement material for pipe section cleaning in pumping of irregular refractories, kneaded with a powdery raw material composition with adjusted particle size and water, which is cured and aggregated in a temperature range of 100 ° C. or less. A pipe member cleaning replacement material characterized in that it does not contain an agent and has a tap flow value of 140 mm or more after being left for 24 hours. 前記原料配合物が、1mm以下の粒子を70重量%以上で、且つ75μm以下の微粉を30重量%以上含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の配管部洗浄用置換材。2. The pipe member cleaning replacement material according to claim 1, wherein the raw material mixture contains 70% by weight or more of particles of 1 mm or less and 30% by weight or more of fine powder of 75 μm or less. 可塑剤を更に含有することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の配管部洗浄用置換材。The pipe member cleaning replacement material according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a plasticizer. 前記可塑剤の含有量が、0.1〜30重量%であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の配管部洗浄用置換材。The pipe member cleaning replacement material according to claim 3, wherein a content of the plasticizer is 0.1 to 30% by weight. 請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の配管部洗浄用置換材を、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送施工終了後にポンプ圧送し、配管及びホース内に残存する不定形耐火物と置き換えた後、配管及びホース内を洗浄することを特徴とするポンプ圧送用配管部洗浄方法。The replacement material for pipe section cleaning according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is pumped after completion of pumping construction of the irregular refractory, and replaced with the irregular refractory remaining in the pipe and the hose. After that, the piping and piping hose cleaning method, wherein the piping and the hose are cleaned. 請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の配管部洗浄用置換材を、不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送施工終了後にポンプ圧送し、配管及びホース内に残存する不定形耐火物と置き換え、放置し、次回施工時にそのまま続いて不定形耐火物を圧送することを特徴とする不定形耐火物のポンプ圧送方法。The replacement material for pipe section cleaning according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is pumped after completion of pumping construction of the irregular refractory, and replaced with the irregular refractory remaining in the pipe and the hose. A pumping method for an amorphous refractory, which is characterized in that the refractory is left unattended and pumped in the next time as it is.
JP2001386305A 2001-12-19 2001-12-19 Replacement parts for piping cleaning, piping cleaning methods, and pumping methods for amorphous refractories Expired - Fee Related JP3669959B2 (en)

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