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JP3671273B2 - Artificial dura mater - Google Patents
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JP3671273B2 - Artificial dura mater - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3671273B2
JP3671273B2 JP27090798A JP27090798A JP3671273B2 JP 3671273 B2 JP3671273 B2 JP 3671273B2 JP 27090798 A JP27090798 A JP 27090798A JP 27090798 A JP27090798 A JP 27090798A JP 3671273 B2 JP3671273 B2 JP 3671273B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
dura mater
artificial dura
sheet
artificial
dome shape
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JP27090798A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000093499A (en
Inventor
康治 山内
享 宮本
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Gunze Ltd
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Gunze Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、脳外科分野における硬膜欠損の補填に用いる人工硬膜及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
頭蓋骨と脳との間や脊髄を覆うように介在する硬膜は、主として脳、脊髄の保護と脳脊髄液の漏出を防止する機能を果たすが、脳神経外科領域における手術に関しては、欠損、拘縮等により補填する必要があり、従来はこれにヒト硬膜の凍結乾燥物が使用されてきた。
【0003】
しかしながら、かかるヒト硬膜は製品の均一性や供給に難があり、またヒト硬膜を介したCreutzfelt-Jacob病感染の可能性の報告(脳神経外科;21(2)、167ー170、1993)があり、1997年4月7日をもって使用禁止の通達が厚生省より出された。
【0004】
かかる欠点を解消するものとして、例えば、シリコーンを素材とする人工硬膜が開発されたが、非分解性であるため体内に永久に残留し、周辺組織への慢性的な刺激源となって肉芽組織を肥大化させ、皮膜内出血を起こしやすいという症例が報告されてから使用されなくなった。
【0005】
一方、生体内分解吸収性素材を用いた試みとして、コラーゲン(Journal of Biomedical Materials Research;Vol.25 267-276,1991)やゼラチン(脳と神経;21,1089-1098,1969)を素材とする人工硬膜の作製も試みられたが、強度的な問題、即ち生体硬膜と一体縫合する際に必要な縫合強力が得られないことなどから実用に供されていなかった。
【0006】
そこで本出願人は、既に特開平8−80344号公報で、生体内分解吸収性高分子、例えば乳酸とカプロラクトンとの共重合体のシートより成る人工硬膜を提供し、更に、前記シートの中間に該シート構成素材と異なる生体内分解吸収性高分子を補強材として介在させ、これを一体化して成る人工硬膜等を提案している。
【0007】
さらに、本出願人は液漏れ、縫合強力等の品質面をより改善した人工硬膜及び製造方法、ならびに光学的に内部観察可能な人工硬膜を提案している。
【0008】
しかしながら、提案された人工硬膜は、シート状の形状を有しているため、広範囲の補填をする場合、脳表面は平面ではなく、円蓋部としての曲率をもっているため、人工硬膜にしわが寄ってしまい、water-tightに縫合しづらい、脳表面に接触する恐れがある等の指摘がある。
【0009】
本発明は、前記公報および平成9年10月6日出願の明細書にて提案した人工硬膜の改良に関し、形状をドーム状に成形した人工硬膜およびその製造方法を提供することを目的としている。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、下記の項1〜項4を提供するものである。
項1. 少なくとも1種の生体内分解吸収性合成高分子のシートよりなり、ドーム形状を有することを特徴とする人工硬膜。
項2. ドーム形状の曲率がSR100〜SR500であることを特徴とする項1に記載の人工硬膜。
項3. プレス加工することによりドーム形状を付与することを特徴とする項1に記載の人工硬膜。
項4. 少なくとも1種の生体内分解吸収性合成高分子のシートをプレス加工することによりドーム形状を付与し、熱処理してドーム形状を固定することを特徴とする人工硬膜の製造方法。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、生体内分解吸収性合成高分子としては、脂肪族ポリエステル(ポリグリコール酸、ポリ乳酸、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリバレロラクトン及びそれらの共重合体)や、ポリエステルエーテル(ポリ−1,4−ジオキサノン−2−オン、ポリ−1,5−ジオキセパン−2−オン、エチレングリコール−前記脂肪族ポリエステル共重合体や、前記脂肪族ポリエステルとポリエステルエーテルとの共重合体が挙げられ、好ましくは、乳酸(L体、D体、DL体)とカプロラクトン共重合体、より好ましくはL−乳酸とε−カプロラクトンの共重合体である。
【0012】
乳酸とε−カプロラクトンとの共重合体は、力学的性質と分解速度を容易にコントロールすることが可能なため好ましく、また両者の共重合モル比率は、40/60〜60/40が好ましい。
【0013】
ドーム状人工硬膜により覆われる部分の面積は、25〜200cm2、好ましくは 50〜200cm2である。
【0014】
本発明の人工硬膜において、ドーム形状としては、SR100〜500、好ましくはSR200〜400がよい。かかる曲率がSR100より小さいと、曲率がつきすぎ、補填部だけ盛り上がり不具合を生じる。またSR500より大きいと、広範囲に補填をする場合には、water-tightに縫合しづらく、脳脊髄液の漏出の可能性がある。さらに人工硬膜が脳表面に接するおそれがある。
【0015】
本発明の人工硬膜を構成する生体内分解吸収性高分子シート、特に、乳酸−カプロラクトンの共重合体からなるシートは、柔軟であるため、手術現場で曲率を付けて縫合することは可能であるが、体内でもとの平面なシートに戻ってしまうため、ドーム状に最初から成形してあるのが好ましい。成形の方法としては、プレス加工、ブロー成形等が挙げられるが、均質性の点でプレス加工が好ましい。プレス加工後は、6ヶ月以上貯蔵してもドーム形状が保たれる。
【0016】
また、ドーム状に形成した後においても、長期間保存する場合には平面状態に戻ってしまうため、熱セットを加えて、ドーム形状に規制した状態で保管するのが好ましい。熱セットの条件としては、ドーム形状に固定された状態でフィルムの結晶化温度以上、乳酸/カプロラクトン共重合体においては50〜80℃で12〜48時間程度真空乾燥を行う等の条件が例示される。
【0017】
本発明の人工硬膜において、引張破断強力は4〜20MPa 、10%伸長時ヤング率は9〜40MPa 、曲げヒステリシスは0.05〜1gfcm/cm 、及び曲げ硬さは0.1〜2gfcm2/cmが好ましい。
【0018】
また、前記破断時伸度は30〜150%、縫合強力は1.5〜5.0Kgf/mmが好ましい。
【0019】
縫合強力は1.5Kgf/mm以上、好ましくは1.5〜5.0Kgf/mmがよい。
【0020】
本発明の生体内分解吸収性のシートは、補強材を使用し、該補強材を他の生体内分解吸収性のシートでサンドイッチし、プレス等して製造することができる。補強材はシートと同様な生体内分解吸収性の素材からなり、例えばポリグリコール酸、ポリ乳酸、ポリカプロラクトン、あるいはこれらの共重合体などが例示される。
【0021】
補強材がポリグリコール酸不織布の場合、埋入してしばらく経過するとシート部より早く加水分解を受けるため、あたかも網目に空間が空いたフィルム状になり、強力が低下し、フィルム単体より早く分解する。また不織布からみた場合においてはポリグリコール酸単体より、シートに覆われているため分解が遅くなる。このことは縫合強力を維持させるために必要である。また製品全体の分解速度をシート単体より早めることで、代用硬膜として必要とされる期間を過ぎたら速やかに吸収されることを意味し、体内にかかる負担が小さくなる。
【0022】
加えて補強材の量を変えることで、ある範囲内で分解速度を変えることが可能となる。また、補強材が乳酸とカプロラクトンの共重合体の場合、シート部と分解期間がほぼ一定のため、長期埋入が必要な場合に使用可能である。
【0023】
本発明の人工硬膜において、常温における貯蔵弾性率が5×108より大きいと硬くなりすぎ、脳表面を傷つける恐れがある。また、1×107より小さいと柔らかすぎるため扱いにくい。損失弾性率と貯蔵弾性率との比が0.2を超えると塑性変形が著しく、縫合時など針穴が空いてしまい、その穴からの脳脊髄液の漏れが考えられるため好ましくない。
【0024】
本発明の人工硬膜は、針付縫合糸を貫通させ、該縫合糸を貫通部に保持させた後、該貫通部からの漏水率(JIS L1092(耐水度試験)A法(低水圧法))が、10%以下(初期圧50mmHg、60分)、好ましくは5%以下、より好ましくは3%以下、さらに好ましくは2%以下、最も好ましくは1.5%以下、特に1.1%以下である。
【0025】
本発明の人工硬膜の厚みは、50〜800μm、好ましくは100〜300μmである。人工硬膜が3層構成の場合、両表面のシートの厚みはいずれも25〜400μm、好ましくは50〜150μmであり、補強材の厚みは20〜500μm、好ましくは50〜200μmである。
【0026】
乳酸−カプロラクトン共重合体の重量平均分子量は、10万〜50万程度、好ましくは15万〜30万程度である。ポリグリコール酸の固有粘度は、0.8〜1.8程度、好ましくは1.0〜1.4程度である。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、広範囲の補填に適した人工硬膜及び人工硬膜の製造方法を提供できる。
【0028】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて説明する。ただしこの実施例は本発明を限定するものではない。
【0029】
(参考例1)
(1)シートの製造
常法により、L−ラクチド/ε-カプロラクトン共重合体(モル比50/50、GPCによる重量平均分子量22万、以下P(L−LA/CL)(モル比50/50)と記す。)を作製した。得られたP(L−LA/CL)を溶媒(クロロホルム)に5wt%になるように溶解させ、完全に溶解後、ろ過し、不溶融物を取り除いた。次に、ガラス板上にキャスト(流延)して風乾させ、その後50℃、12時間で真空乾燥し、溶媒を除去してP(L−LA/CL)(モル比50/50)からなるシートを得た。シートの厚みは100μmであった。
(2)不織布の製造
ポリグリコール酸を20デニール程度になるように紡糸後延伸し、かかる延伸糸を筒編みし、ニードルパンチして不織布化した。
(3)複合化
(1)で得られたシートの間に、(2)で得られた不織布を挟み、140℃、50Kg/cm2で真空プレスにて一体成形して3層の平らな人工硬膜(膜厚200μm)を得た。その人工硬膜をSR180の金型に据え付け、熱風にて変形させ、曲率のついた人工硬膜を得た。その人工硬膜を6×14cmの短冊状に切断し、試験片を得た。
(実施例1)
参考例1(1)で得られたシートの間に、(2)で得られた不織布を挟み、凸凹(それぞれSR180)のある2つの金型の間に入れ、140℃、50Kg/cm2で真空プレスにて一体成形した。金型に入れたまま放置し冷却後取り出し、3層のドーム状の人工硬膜(膜厚200μm)を得た。その人工硬膜を6×14cmの短冊状に切断し、試験片を得た。
(実施例2)
実施例1で得られた人工硬膜を金型に入れたまま70℃、12時間で真空乾燥を行い、曲率のついた人工硬膜(膜厚200μm)を得た。その人工硬膜を6×14cmの短冊状に切断し、試験片を得た。
【0030】
(曲率の測定)
得られた試験片を平行な台の上に静置し、常温にて24時間放置後、3D画像測定機クイックビジョンプロQV202(株式会社ミツトヨ製)にて曲率を測定した。
【0031】
結果を表1に示す。
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 0003671273
(試験例1)
実施例1で得た本発明のドーム形状の人工硬膜を、ビーグル成犬(体重10kg)に硬膜欠損を作成し、補填、縫合した。生体硬膜との縫合部においてしわが寄らず、water-tightに縫合可能であった。また補填部の中心部においても脳表面を圧迫することなく、脳表面との差は十分であった。
【0033】
一方、参考例1の人工硬膜を実施例1と同様の大きさの硬膜欠損に補填したところ、生体硬膜との縫合部にしわが数ヵ所で発生し、water-tightに縫合することが困難であった。また。縫合部をしわが寄らないように縫合すると、中心部が脳表面と接触した。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an artificial dura mater used for filling dural defects in the field of neurosurgery and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The dura mater, which is interposed between the skull and the brain and covering the spinal cord, mainly functions to protect the brain and spinal cord and prevent leakage of cerebrospinal fluid. For example, human dura mater freeze-dried products have been used for this purpose.
[0003]
However, such human dura mater has difficulty in product uniformity and supply, and a report of possible Creutzfelt-Jacob disease infection via human dura mater (Neurosurgery; 21 (2), 167-170, 1993) As of April 7, 1997, a ban on use was issued by the Ministry of Health and Welfare.
[0004]
In order to eliminate such drawbacks, for example, an artificial dura mater made of silicone has been developed, but it remains non-degradable and remains permanently in the body and becomes a chronic stimulus source to surrounding tissues. It was discontinued after a case was reported that the tissue was enlarged and prone to bleeding in the skin.
[0005]
On the other hand, collagen (Journal of Biomedical Materials Research; Vol.25 267-276, 1991) and gelatin (brain and nerves; 21,1089-1098, 1969) are used as trials using biodegradable absorbable materials. Attempts have also been made to produce an artificial dura mater, but it has not been put into practical use because of the strength problem, that is, the suturing strength necessary for integral suturing with a biological dura mater cannot be obtained.
[0006]
Therefore, the present applicant has already provided an artificial dura mat composed of a sheet of a biodegradable and absorbable polymer, for example, a copolymer of lactic acid and caprolactone, in JP-A-8-80344. In addition, an artificial dura mater is proposed in which a biodegradable absorbent polymer different from the material constituting the sheet is interposed as a reinforcing material.
[0007]
Furthermore, the present applicant has proposed an artificial dura mater and a manufacturing method in which quality aspects such as liquid leakage and suture strength are further improved, and an artificial dura mater capable of optically observing the inside.
[0008]
However, since the proposed artificial dura mater has a sheet-like shape, the surface of the brain is not flat but has a curvature as a circular lid when wrinkling over a wide range. There are some indications that it is close, it is difficult to sew water-tight, and there is a risk of contact with the brain surface.
[0009]
The present invention relates to an improvement of the artificial dura mater proposed in the above-mentioned publication and the specification of the application filed on October 6, 1997, with the object of providing an artificial dura mater formed into a dome shape and a method for producing the same. Yes.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides the following items 1 to 4.
Item 1. An artificial dura mater comprising a sheet of at least one biodegradable absorbable synthetic polymer and having a dome shape.
Item 2. Item 2. The artificial dura mater according to item 1, wherein the dome-shaped curvature is SR100 to SR500.
Item 3. Item 2. The artificial dura mater according to item 1, wherein a dome shape is imparted by pressing.
Item 4. A method for producing an artificial dura mater, characterized in that a dome shape is imparted by pressing a sheet of at least one biodegradable absorbable synthetic polymer, and the dome shape is fixed by heat treatment.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, biodegradable and absorbable synthetic polymers include aliphatic polyesters (polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyvalerolactone and copolymers thereof), and polyester ethers (poly-1,4-poly). Examples include dioxanon-2-one, poly-1,5-dioxepan-2-one, ethylene glycol-the aliphatic polyester copolymer, and a copolymer of the aliphatic polyester and polyester ether, preferably lactic acid. (L-form, D-form, DL-form) and a caprolactone copolymer, more preferably a copolymer of L-lactic acid and ε-caprolactone.
[0012]
A copolymer of lactic acid and ε-caprolactone is preferable because the mechanical properties and the decomposition rate can be easily controlled, and the copolymer molar ratio of both is preferably 40/60 to 60/40.
[0013]
The area of the portion covered with the dome-shaped artificial dura mater is 25 to 200 cm 2 , preferably 50 to 200 cm 2 .
[0014]
In the artificial dura mater of the present invention, the dome shape may be SR100 to 500, preferably SR200 to 400. If the curvature is smaller than SR100, the curvature is too high, and only the filling portion is raised. On the other hand, if it is larger than SR500, it is difficult to sew in a water-tight manner when filling over a wide area, and there is a possibility of leakage of cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, the artificial dura mater may contact the brain surface.
[0015]
The biodegradable and absorbable polymer sheet constituting the artificial dura mater of the present invention, in particular, a sheet made of a copolymer of lactic acid-caprolactone is flexible and can be sutured with a curvature at the surgical site. However, since it returns to the original flat sheet in the body, it is preferable that the dome shape is formed from the beginning. Examples of the molding method include press processing and blow molding, but press processing is preferable in terms of homogeneity. After press working, the dome shape is maintained even after storage for 6 months or more.
[0016]
In addition, even after being formed into a dome shape, when it is stored for a long period of time, it returns to a flat state. Therefore, it is preferable to store it in a dome shape state by adding a heat set. Examples of the heat setting conditions include a film crystallization temperature or higher in a state of being fixed in a dome shape, and a lactic acid / caprolactone copolymer being vacuum dried at 50 to 80 ° C. for about 12 to 48 hours. The
[0017]
In the artificial dura mater of the present invention, the tensile strength at break is 4 to 20 MPa, Young's modulus at 10% elongation is 9 to 40 MPa, bending hysteresis is 0.05 to 1 gfcm / cm 2, and bending hardness is 0.1 to 2 gfcm 2 / cm is preferred.
[0018]
The elongation at break is preferably 30 to 150%, and the stitching strength is preferably 1.5 to 5.0 kgf / mm.
[0019]
The suturing strength is 1.5 kgf / mm or more, preferably 1.5 to 5.0 kgf / mm.
[0020]
The biodegradable / absorbable sheet of the present invention can be produced by using a reinforcing material, sandwiching the reinforcing material with another biodegradable / absorbing sheet, pressing, and the like. The reinforcing material is composed of a biodegradable material similar to that of the sheet, and examples thereof include polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, and copolymers thereof.
[0021]
If the reinforcing material is a polyglycolic acid nonwoven fabric, it will hydrolyze faster than the sheet portion after a while, so it will look like a film with a space in the mesh, the strength will be reduced, and it will decompose faster than the film itself. . In addition, when viewed from a nonwoven fabric, the decomposition is delayed because the polyglycolic acid is covered with a sheet. This is necessary to maintain the suture strength. In addition, by increasing the decomposition rate of the entire product from that of a single sheet, it means that the product is absorbed quickly after a period required as a substitute dura mater, and the burden on the body is reduced.
[0022]
In addition, it is possible to change the decomposition rate within a certain range by changing the amount of the reinforcing material. Further, when the reinforcing material is a copolymer of lactic acid and caprolactone, the sheet portion and the decomposition period are almost constant, so that it can be used when long-term embedding is required.
[0023]
In the artificial dura mater of the present invention, if the storage elastic modulus at room temperature is larger than 5 × 10 8 , the artificial dura mater becomes too hard and may damage the brain surface. Also, if it is smaller than 1 × 10 7, it is too soft and difficult to handle. When the ratio of the loss elastic modulus to the storage elastic modulus exceeds 0.2, plastic deformation is remarkable, and a needle hole is formed at the time of suturing, and cerebrospinal fluid may leak from the hole, which is not preferable.
[0024]
The artificial dura mater of the present invention penetrates a suture with a needle and holds the suture in a penetrating portion, and then leaks water from the penetrating portion (JIS L1092 (water resistance test) A method (low water pressure method)). ) Is 10% or less (initial pressure 50 mmHg, 60 minutes), preferably 5% or less, more preferably 3% or less, further preferably 2% or less, most preferably 1.5% or less, particularly 1.1% or less It is.
[0025]
The thickness of the artificial dura mater of the present invention is 50 to 800 μm, preferably 100 to 300 μm. When the artificial dura has a three-layer structure, the thickness of the sheets on both surfaces is 25 to 400 μm, preferably 50 to 150 μm, and the thickness of the reinforcing material is 20 to 500 μm, preferably 50 to 200 μm.
[0026]
The weight average molecular weight of the lactic acid-caprolactone copolymer is about 100,000 to 500,000, preferably about 150,000 to 300,000. The intrinsic viscosity of polyglycolic acid is about 0.8 to 1.8, preferably about 1.0 to 1.4.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an artificial dura mater and a method for manufacturing an artificial dura mater suitable for a wide range of compensation.
[0028]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an example is given and demonstrated. However, this example does not limit the present invention.
[0029]
(Reference Example 1)
(1) Sheet production According to a conventional method, an L-lactide / ε-caprolactone copolymer (molar ratio 50/50, weight average molecular weight 220,000 by GPC, hereinafter P (L-LA / CL) (molar ratio 50/50 ).) Was prepared. The obtained P (L-LA / CL) was dissolved in a solvent (chloroform) so as to be 5 wt%, and after complete dissolution, it was filtered to remove insolubles. Next, it is cast (cast) on a glass plate and air-dried, and then vacuum-dried at 50 ° C. for 12 hours to remove the solvent and consist of P (L-LA / CL) (molar ratio 50/50). A sheet was obtained. The thickness of the sheet was 100 μm.
(2) Production of non-woven fabric Polyglycolic acid was spun after spinning so as to have a density of about 20 denier, and the drawn yarn was knitted in a cylinder and needle punched into a non-woven fabric.
(3) Composite non-woven fabric obtained in (2) is sandwiched between sheets obtained in (1), and is integrally molded by a vacuum press at 140 ° C. and 50 kg / cm 2 to form a three-layer flat artificial A dura mater (film thickness 200 μm) was obtained. The artificial dura mater was installed in a SR180 mold and deformed with hot air to obtain a curved artificial dura mater. The artificial dura mater was cut into 6 × 14 cm strips to obtain test pieces.
(Example 1)
The non-woven fabric obtained in (2) is sandwiched between the sheets obtained in Reference Example 1 (1), and is put between two molds having irregularities (respectively SR180), at 140 ° C. and 50 kg / cm 2 . It was integrally formed with a vacuum press. It was left to stand in a mold, cooled and then taken out to obtain a three-layered dome-shaped artificial dura mater (film thickness: 200 μm). The artificial dura mater was cut into 6 × 14 cm strips to obtain test pieces.
(Example 2)
The artificial dura obtained in Example 1 was vacuum-dried at 70 ° C. for 12 hours while being placed in a mold to obtain a curved artificial dura (200 μm thick). The artificial dura mater was cut into 6 × 14 cm strips to obtain test pieces.
[0030]
(Measurement of curvature)
The obtained test piece was left on a parallel table, allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours, and then the curvature was measured with a 3D image measuring machine Quick Vision Pro QV202 (manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation).
[0031]
The results are shown in Table 1.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003671273
(Test Example 1)
The dome-shaped artificial dura mater of the present invention obtained in Example 1 was deficient in a beagle adult dog (body weight 10 kg), compensated, and sutured. The suture part with the biological dura mater was not wrinkled and was sewn water-tight. In addition, the difference from the brain surface was sufficient in the central part of the filling portion without pressing the brain surface.
[0033]
On the other hand, when the artificial dura mater of Reference Example 1 was compensated for a dural defect of the same size as that of Example 1, wrinkles were generated at several places in the sutured portion with the living dura mater, and it could be sutured water-tight. It was difficult. Also. When the sutured portion was sutured so as not to wrinkle, the central portion contacted the brain surface.

Claims (3)

人工硬膜の曲げ硬さが0.1〜2 gfcm 2 /cm である、少なくとも1種の生体内分解吸収性合成高分子のシートよりなり、曲率がSR100〜SR500のドーム形状を有することを特徴とする人工硬膜。 The artificial dura is made of at least one biodegradable synthetic polymer sheet having a bending hardness of 0.1 to 2 gfcm 2 / cm , and has a dome shape with a curvature of SR100 to SR500. Artificial dura mater. プレス加工することにより、ドーム形状を付与することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の人工硬膜。The artificial dura mater according to claim 1, wherein a dome shape is imparted by pressing. 少なくとも1種の生体内分解吸収性合成高分子のシートをプレス加工することによりドーム形状を付与し、熱処理してドーム形状を固定することを特徴とする人工硬膜の製造方法。A method for producing an artificial dura, wherein a dome shape is imparted by pressing a sheet of at least one biodegradable absorbable synthetic polymer, and the dome shape is fixed by heat treatment.
JP27090798A 1998-09-25 1998-09-25 Artificial dura mater Expired - Lifetime JP3671273B2 (en)

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JP2001309969A (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-11-06 Gunze Ltd Artificial dura mater
JP2009131358A (en) * 2007-11-29 2009-06-18 Gunze Ltd Artificial dura mater
WO2009069558A1 (en) * 2007-11-29 2009-06-04 Gunze Limited Lactide/ε-caprolactone copolymer for medical implant, method for producing lactide/ε-caprolactone copolymer for medical implant, medical implant and artificial dura mater

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