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JP3672688B2 - Water repellent glass manufacturing method - Google Patents
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JP3672688B2 - Water repellent glass manufacturing method - Google Patents

Water repellent glass manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3672688B2
JP3672688B2 JP33332996A JP33332996A JP3672688B2 JP 3672688 B2 JP3672688 B2 JP 3672688B2 JP 33332996 A JP33332996 A JP 33332996A JP 33332996 A JP33332996 A JP 33332996A JP 3672688 B2 JP3672688 B2 JP 3672688B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
water
glass
repellent
coating
film
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JP33332996A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH10167763A (en
Inventor
佳則 赤松
佳弘 西田
秀樹 山本
滋生 浜口
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Central Glass Co Ltd
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Central Glass Co Ltd
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Priority to JP33332996A priority Critical patent/JP3672688B2/en
Priority to DE69709800T priority patent/DE69709800T2/en
Priority to US08/914,171 priority patent/US6337133B1/en
Priority to EP19970114294 priority patent/EP0825157B1/en
Publication of JPH10167763A publication Critical patent/JPH10167763A/en
Priority to US09/993,516 priority patent/US6641654B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建築用の窓材はもちろん、自動車用等車輌用の窓材、さらには船舶や航空機の窓材、産業用ガラスなど種々の分野の各種ガラス物品において有用な撥水性ガラスならびにその製法を提供するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
最近、より優れた耐久性と撥水性を持ち合わせ、優れた撥水性能をより長く持続する撥水性ガラスが望まれてきている。
【0003】
これらのニ−ズに答えるためには、例えば高い耐トラバ−ス性能(耐摩耗性)と高い耐光性能を有する撥水性薄膜を備える撥水性ガラスとする必要がある。
そこで、本出願人が既に出願した特願平7-294106号等に記載している発明は、ガラス表面に、高硬度で高機械的強度、かつ耐久性に優れた、高い比表面積で制御した特異で微細な凹凸形状表層表面を有するベ−ス膜を形成し、該ベ−ス膜を被覆する撥水膜を形成することでなり、該撥水膜の付着効率と密着性を高め、さらに耐光性能を向上し、しかも格段にその性能を発揮し、光学特性を損なうことなく高透視性であって、頑丈な密着力で撥水性能、耐摩耗性、耐久性等も長期的に優れたものとして維持することができる。
【0004】
また、本出願人が既に出願した特願平8-131595号等に記載している発明は、ガラス基板の表面に撥水膜を形成する際に、ガラス基板の温度が90〜200 ℃程度にある状態でガラス基板表面(場合によっては方向性をもつ筋状の疵をつけた微細な凹凸状ガラス基板表面)に撥水膜層を形成することとし、耐候性、耐摩耗性、耐擦傷性ならびに耐久性に格段に優れた撥水性能を発揮し、長期にわたりその効果を持続する撥水膜を、クラック等の欠陥もなく簡便に効率よく形成することができる。
【0005】
また、特開平3-247537号公報には、撥水性ガラスの製造方法として、ガラス基板の表面を研磨粉を用いて研磨洗浄をおこなう前処理工程と、ポリジアルキルシロキサンのアルキル基の水素を5%以上フッ素原子に置換したシリコ−ン系撥水剤を前処理されたガラス基板に塗布して塗布膜を形成する塗布工程と、該塗布膜を硬化させてガラス基板に密着し膜厚が 0.1〜2μm の撥水性硬化皮膜を形成する硬化工程と、からなる方法が記載され、該前処理工程で、アルミナや酸化セリウム(1μm 以下)などの微細な研磨粉を用いて研磨洗浄することにより、撥水塗膜は、まずガラス表面に存在するシラノ−ル基と反応して密着皮膜を形成し、次いで表面の厚み方向への硬化を進行させることが記載されている。
【0006】
また、特開昭58-122979 号公報や特開昭58-129082 号公報には、ガラス表面の撥水撥油剤が記載されており、洗浄及びアセトンで洗浄し、1%塩酸溶液に浸漬後乾燥したガラス板(ソ−ダ石灰ガラス)を用意して、表面に調整済みの撥水撥油剤溶剤溶液をアプリケ−タ−で塗布し、100 %相対湿度中、120 ℃あるいは160 ℃、20分間キュアリングを行ったことが記載されている。
【0007】
また、特開平5-96679 号公報には、吸着単分子膜及びその製造方法が記載されており、撥水撥油性を付与するために、水酸基、アミノ基、イミノ基等の活性水素基を表面に有するか又は表面に付加した基材表面に、フッ素基を含み分子鎖長の異なる2種類以上のハロゲン化シラン系界面吸着剤又はアルコキシシラン系界面吸着剤の非水溶液を接触させ、未反応モノマを洗浄し、水又は空気中の水分と反応させ、次いで分子間の脱水反応により撥水撥油防曇防汚性の吸着単分子膜を得ることが記載されている。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述した例えば、本出願人が既に出願している特願平7-294106号に記載の撥水性のガラスは、前述したニ−ズに充分に答えうるものであるものの、特異なベ−ス膜と撥水膜の2層の膜構成であり、さらに種々の場所において使用できかつ単純で簡便な単層膜であって、より高性能を有する撥水性ガラスも望まれているところである。
【0009】
また、本出願人が既に出願した特願平8-131595号等に記載の撥水性ガラスは、単層膜でその性能が向上し前記撥水性のガラスにより近づくような性能を有する撥水性ガラスであるものの、製造時における作業性、特にその取り扱いが充分に簡便で高効率であるとは言い難い場合がある。
【0010】
また、特開平3-247537号に記載の撥水性ガラスの製造方法におけるガラス基板表面を研磨する前処理では、耐摩耗性については向上がみられるものの、耐光性を含めた長期的な安定性には充分満足できるものとは言い難いものである。
【0011】
また、特開昭58-122979 号公報や特開昭58-129082 号公報に記載のガラス表面の撥水撥油剤に開示されている洗浄と塩酸による前処理では、耐摩耗性と耐光性とも長期的な安定性には充分満足できるものとは言い難いものである。
【0012】
また、特開平5-96679 号公報に記載の吸着単分子膜及びその製造方法では、撥水撥油性を付与するために、水酸基、アミノ基、イミノ基等の活性水素基を表面に有するか又は表面に付加した基材表面に、含フッ素基を導入するために、ハロゲン化シラン系又はアルコキシシラン系の化合物を用いることにあり、例えばフルオロアルキルアルコキシシランの加水分解物と基板上のシラノ−ル基との反応(シロキサン結合を形成)の効率を向上させるという内容には全く触れられてはいない。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、従来のかかる課題に鑑みてなしたものであって、ガラス基板の表面を改質して整え、撥水液の加水分解反応をより完全に終結せしめて脱水剤等を用いて含有水分量を調整し、縮重合度を高めるとともに安定するよう制御した撥水膜用塗布液を、制御した被膜環境下で該改質表面上に成膜することにより、得られた撥水性膜が格段に優れた耐摩耗(耐トラバ−ス)性能と耐光性能を有する。この撥水性薄膜は、高硬度かつ高密着性であって耐久性や耐摩耗性とを併せ持ち、より長期的に優れた撥水性能を維持することがでる。
【0014】
すなわち、本発明は、ガラス基板の表面上に撥水液を塗布成膜し撥水膜層を形成した撥水性ガラスにおいて、表面を研摩処理した後酸処理することにより表面改質したガラス基板と、該表面改質したガラス面上に、撥水膜用塗布液を塗布成膜した撥水膜層とから成ることを特徴とする撥水性ガラス。
【0015】
ならびに、前記撥水膜用塗布液が、フルオロアルキル基含有シラン化合物を加水分解・縮重合し調製してなることを特徴とする上述した撥水性ガラス。
さらに、前記撥水膜層が、前記表面改質ガラス面にシロキサン結合によりフルオロアルキル基を固定化し成膜した撥水膜層であることを特徴とする上述した撥水性ガラス。
【0016】
また、ガラス基板の表面上に撥水液を塗布成膜し撥水膜層を形成する撥水性ガラスの製法において、該ガラスの表面を研摩し、酸処理することにより表面改質する工程と、次にフルオロアルキル基含有シラン化合物を加水分解・縮重合し調製してなる撥水膜用塗布液を塗布する塗布工程と、次にシロキサン結合によりフルオロアルキル基をガラス表面に固定化し撥水膜層を形成する硬化工程とからなることを特徴とする撥水性ガラスの製法。
【0017】
さらに、前記研摩処理における研摩液が、無機金属酸化物を主成分とする研摩剤を、水に対し 0.1wt%以上10wt%以下含有させた懸濁液であることを特徴とする上述した撥水性ガラスの製法。
【0018】
さらにまた、前記酸処理液である水溶液における処理温度が5℃以上70℃以下で、処理時間が10秒以上600 秒以下であることを特徴とする上述した撥水性ガラスの製法。
【0019】
さらに、該撥水膜用塗布液を調製する際、フルオロアルキル基含有シラン化合物の加水分解反応を終結した後、撥水膜用塗布液中の含有水分量を調整し、縮重合度を制御した撥水膜用塗布液を調製し、該調製済撥水膜用塗布液をガラス基板の表面改質した面上に調温調湿するなかで塗布し、80℃以上350 ℃以下で1分間乃至60分間の乾燥とキュアリングを行い、撥水膜層を形成したことを特徴とする上述した撥水性ガラスの製法。
【0020】
さらに、前記フルオロアルキル基含有シラン化合物が、フルオロアルキルアルコキシシラン系化合物であることを特徴とする上述した撥水性ガラスの製法。
さらにまた、前記撥水膜用塗布液が、g表示で、フルオロアルキルアルコキシシラン系化合物量:希釈溶媒量:酸触媒による水分量=1:5〜40:0.09〜1.0 で成ることを特徴とする上述した撥水性ガラスの製法。
【0021】
さらにまた、前記撥水膜用塗布液中の含有水分量の調整が、撥水膜用塗布液中の余剰な含有水分を脱水によって除去する調整であることを特徴とする上述した撥水性ガラスの製法を提供するものである。
【0022】
【発明の実施の形態】
前記ガラス基板としては、建築用窓ガラスや自動車用窓ガラス等に使用されているフロ−トガラス、特にそのトップ面、あるいはロ−ルアウトガラス等各種無機質の透明性がある板ガラスが好ましいものであって、無色または着色、ならびにその種類あるいは色調、他の機能性膜との別面での組み合わせ、形状等に特に限定されるものではなく、さらに曲げ板ガラスとしてはもちろん各種強化ガラスや強度アップガラスであり、平板や単板で使用できるとともに、複層ガラスあるいは合せガラスとしても使用できる。
【0023】
ここで、上述したような、表面を研摩処理し、酸処理することにより表面改質したガラス基板と、該表面改質したガラス面上に、撥水膜用塗布液を塗布成膜した撥水膜層とから成る撥水性ガラスは次のようにして得る。
【0024】
前記ガラス基板の表面改質のための研摩処理は、錫の混入が少ないフロ−トガラストップ面、ロ−ルアウトガラス面もしくはこれらの曲げまたは/および強化ガラス面等を、酸化セリウム(セリア)または/および酸化アルミニウム(アルミナ)または/および酸化珪素等の無機金属酸化物を主成分とする微細粉体(平均粒径が約5μm以下、好ましくは約1μm以下)である表面研摩剤を用い、湿式あるいは乾式でブラシ、スポンジまたは布などの研摩面にて、使用する粉体の種類とその粒径、研摩面の材質およびガラス基板との接触圧などを適宜変えることで、前記ガラス基板面の表面疵状態や研摩状態を制御しつつ研摩する。
【0025】
好ましい条件の−例としては、約200rpmで回転するブラシの研摩面を押圧約0.02kg/cm2 とし、研摩剤として三井金属工業(株)製ミレ−ク(A+B)〔酸化セリウム(セリア)、粒径が約 1.2± 0.2μm 〕を約1wt%の濃度で水に懸濁させた研摩液を用い、前記ガラス基板面を表面研摩した場合、該ガラス基板面には通常の環境下で疵は見られない程度で、ガラス表面に付着した汚れや水垢や所謂ヤケを完全に除去可能であり、さらに表面のごく薄いガラス質層、例えば曲げまたは/および強化ガラス面に形成した成分組成変性層(シリカリッチ層)をも除去可能とし、しかも後工程の酸処理の効果を助けるようにする。
【0026】
研摩液の濃度としては、水に対し前記研摩剤を 0.1wt%以上10wt%以下含有させた懸濁濃度であり、0.1wt %未満の低濃度ではガラス表面に付着した汚れや水垢や所謂ヤケを完全に除去し難く、10wt%を超える高濃度ではガラス表面に通常の環境下で疵の発現が見られ、さらには研摩剤の不経済につながる。好ましくは 0.5wt%以上5wt%以下含有させた懸濁濃度である。
【0027】
次いで、該研摩処理したガラス面を、塩酸、硫酸もしくは硝酸等の無機酸あるいは酢酸、ギ酸もしくはシュウ酸等の有機酸をpH4濃度以下になるよう添加調製した水溶液でなる酸処理液を用い、該酸処理液の温度が5℃以上70℃以下、処理時間が10秒以上600 秒以下の条件下で酸処理することで、研摩処理ガラス表面のナトリウムイオンの抽出やシロキサン結合の切断によりシラノ−ル基を効率的に生成するようにし、該シラノ−ル基が後工程の撥水処理において撥水性フルオロアルキル(Rf)基の固定化に寄与するものとする。
【0028】
酸処理液の温度が5℃以上70℃以下としたのは、5℃未満の温度では上記シラノ−ル基の生成反応の速度が大幅に低下し、処理時間が増大するし、この場合、実際上の量産タクトでは実効を失うものであり、70℃を超える温度では上記シラノ−ル基の生成反応の速度が増大するものの、揮発成分の蒸発(特に、塩酸などの酸成分)による処理液中の酸濃度の低下や水の蒸発による酸濃度の変動および酸成分の蒸発による周辺設備の腐食などの不都合が生じることとなる。
【0029】
酸処理時間が10秒以上600 秒以下としたのは、10秒未満の処理時間ではガラス表面のナトリウムイオンの抽出やシロキサン結合の切断によりシラノ−ル基の生成を効率的に行うことができず、600 秒を超える処理時間では実際上の量産タクトでは実効を失うものである。
【0030】
好ましくは酸処理液がpH3.5 濃度以下で、該液の温度が10℃以上60℃以下、処理時間が15秒以上420 秒以下の条件下で酸処理する。
酸処理は、酸溶液中に浸漬して行うが、他にスプレ−法、フロ−コ−ト法等、浸漬法と同等あるいは近似した酸処理効果が得られる方法であれば特に限定するものではなく採用できる。
【0031】
次に、撥水膜用塗布液を調製する際、フルオロアルキル基含有シラン化合物をを用い、フルオロアルキル基含有シラン化合物の加水分解反応を終結した後、撥水膜用塗布液中の含有水分量を調整し、縮重合度を制御した撥水膜用塗布液を調製し、該調製済撥水膜用塗布液をガラス基板の表面上に調温調湿するなかで塗布し、80℃以上350 ℃以下で1分間乃至60分間の乾燥とキュアリングを行い、撥水膜層を形成する。
【0032】
前記フルオロアルキル基含有シラン化合物としては、フルオロアルキルアルコキシシラン系化合物(以下、FAS という。)等が挙げられる。
なお、フルオロアルキル基含有シラン化合物として一般的に分類される、フルオロイソシアネ−トシラン系化合物もしくはフルオロアルキルハロゲン化シラン系化合物などの、加水分解を必要とせずにガラス表面のシラノ−ル基と充分に反応してシロキサン結合を形成できるものでは、加水分解および縮重合反応の制御をしなくとも撥水膜用塗布液として充分に使用可能である。
【0033】
また、希釈溶媒としては、イソプロピルアルコ−ル(以下、i-PAという。)の他に、メタノ−ル、エタノ−ルなど炭素数が5以下の低級アルコ−ル溶媒であってもよく、アルコ−ル以外にエ−テル類、エステル類、炭化水素類を用いることができ、ことにイソプロピルアルコールを主成分としてなるアルコールがコ−ティング溶液の調製における希釈溶媒として好ましい。
【0034】
また、酸触媒としては、0.01N 以上、好ましくは0.1N〜13N 程度の濃度の硝酸以外に、酢酸などの有機酸、塩酸、硫酸等でもよい。肝心なことは酸触媒による水分量であって、その水分量は酸触媒中の酸濃度と、酸触媒自体の量によって決まる。
【0035】
また、前記撥水膜用塗布液としては、g表示で、FAS 〔CF3(CF2)7CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3〕量:希釈溶媒量:酸触媒による水分量=1:5〜40:0.09〜1.0 の割合で成る組成である。
【0036】
すなわち、出発原料としてFAS 、希釈溶媒としてi-PA、酸触媒として0.1N-HNO3 を用い、撥水膜用塗布液がFAS :i-PA:0.1N-HNO3 による水分量=1:5〜50:0.3 (g=表示)、脱水剤がモレキュラ−シ−ブ4A(脱水時間:2〜24h、浸漬量:5g)、塗布環境が室温で55%RH以下の湿度の条件下で塗布液の調製と被膜をし、トラバ−ス摺動試験(後述する実施例1を参照)における摺動回数3500 回での接触角(°)を求め耐トラバ−ス性能を評価し、撥水膜用塗布液の調合における、FAS 濃度(希釈倍率)を変え耐トラバ−ス性能への影響を求めた結果、撥水剤の希釈倍率(希釈溶媒量)が出発原料量1gに対し5〜45もしくは50gでも、トラバ−ス摺動回数3500回後の接触角が95°程度のものもあるが、自動車用等車両用またはこれに属するものとして好ましくは撥水剤の希釈倍率(希釈溶媒量)が出発原料量1gに対し5〜40g、より好ましくは5〜35g、最適には5〜30gである。
【0037】
また、出発原料としてFAS 、希釈溶媒としてi-PA、酸触媒として0.1N-HNO3 を用い、撥水膜用塗布液がFAS :i-PA:0.1N-HNO3 による水分量=1:25:0.03〜1.0 (g=表示)、脱水剤がモレキュラ−シ−ブ4A(脱水時間:24h)、塗布環境が室温で55%RHの湿度の条件下で塗布液の調製と被膜をし、摺動回数3500回での接触角(°)を求め耐トラバ−ス性能を評価し、撥水膜用塗布液の調合における、酸触媒による水分量(g)を変え耐トラバ−ス性能への影響を求めた結果、酸触媒による水分量(g)が出発原料量1gに対し0.1 gでも、トラバ−ス摺動回数3500回後の接触角が80°以上で106 °程度のものもあって、出発原料量1gに対し0.09g程度であり、好ましくは撥水剤の希釈倍率(希釈溶媒量)が出発原料量1gに対し0.1 g以上、より好ましくは0.13g以上、最適には0.2 g以上1.0 g以下である。なお、上限を1.0 g以下としたのは、1.0 g以上でもよいが増加しても次第に経済的でなくなるからである。
【0038】
また、出発原料の加水分解反応の終結については、出発原料としてFAS 、希釈溶媒としてi-PA、酸触媒として0.01N と13N のHNO3を用い、撥水膜用塗布液がFAS :i-PA:酸触媒=1:25:1.0 (g=表示)で、加水分解反応時間(min)と加水分解の進行程度の関係は、酸触媒として0.01N と13N のHNO3により、初期の加水分解反応速度には比較的大きな差異があるが、約60分程度以上の加水分解反応時間では差異がなくなり、約90分程度で加水分解反応がほぼ完了し、約120 分程度で完全に加水分解反応が終了していることが確認でき、加水分解反応(攪拌)の終結を得るには約90分程度、好ましくは約120 分程度の時間が必要である。
【0039】
さらに、撥水膜用塗布液中の含有水分量の調整については、出発原料としてFAS 、希釈溶媒としてi-PA、酸触媒として0.1N-HNO3 を用い、撥水膜用塗布液がFAS :i-PA:0.1N-HNO3 による水分量=1:25:0.3 (g=表示)、脱水剤としてモレキュラ−シ−ブ4Aを5g、脱水条件が室温で約16時間浸漬後NO.7濾紙で濾過する条件下で、脱水時間(h )と水分量(ppm )の経時変化を求めた結果、耐トラバ−ス試験(トラバ−ス摺動回数3500回)後の接触角が約95°以上となるものは、脱水時間1〜2h以上で水分量が約4000ppm 、好ましくは水分量が約3000ppm 、より好ましくは水分量が約2000ppm である。また、脱水剤としては、例えばモレキュラ−シ−ブ(4Aと3A)、塩化カルシウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸ナトリウム等、あるいは共沸混合物として水分除去などである。
【0040】
なお、撥水膜用塗布液中の含有水分量は、カ−ルフィッシャ−電量滴定法を用いることによって測定し求めた。
さらに、調製済撥水膜用塗布液をガラス基板の表面上に調温調湿するなかで塗布することとしたのは、出発原料としてFAS 、希釈溶媒としてi-PA、酸触媒として0.1N-HNO3 を用い、撥水膜用塗布液がFAS :i-PA:0.1N-HNO3 による水分量=1:25:0.3 (g=表示)、脱水剤がモレキュラ−シ−ブ4A(脱水時間:16h、浸漬量:5 g)の条件下で塗布液の調製、塗布環境が室温で15%RH〜>90%RHの湿度の条件下で塗布液の被膜をし、摺動回数3500回での接触角(°)を求め耐トラバ−ス性能を評価し、撥水膜用塗布液の被膜時における、雰囲気湿度(%RH)と耐トラバ−ス性能への影響を調べた結果、雰囲気湿度が約80%RH程度でも、トラバ−ス摺動回数3,500 回後の接触角が80°以上で101 °程度のものもあって、室温で雰囲気湿度が70〜80%RHでも場合によってはよく約75%RH程度以下であり、好ましくは雰囲気湿度が約60%RH程度以下、より好ましくは約60%RH以下15%RH以上程度、最適には約55%RH以下15%RH以上程度である。
【0041】
またさらに、ガラス基板への膜付け法としては、手塗り、ノズルフロ−コ−ト法、ディッピング法、スプレー法、リバ−スコ−ト法、フレキソ法、印刷法、フローコート法あるいはスピンコート法、ならびにそれらの併用等既知の塗布手段、さらに本出願人が出願提案した各種塗布法等が適宜採用し得るものである。
【0042】
また、80℃以上350 ℃以下で1分間乃至60分間の乾燥とキュアリングを行い成膜することとしたのは、キュアリング温度約80℃、約140 ℃、約250 ℃について、S-UV照射時間(h)と接触角(°)の関係を評価した結果、いずれもS-UV照射時間が約600 時間(h )においても接触角が約70°程度以上、70〜80°程度であり、耐光性が良好なものである。したがって乾燥とキュアリングとしては80℃以上350 ℃以下で1分間乃至60分間である。好ましくは約 100℃以上300 ℃以下程度である。
【0043】
前述したとおり、本発明によれば、ガラス基板表面を研摩と酸の処理で改質して整え、予め撥水膜用塗布液の加水分解反応をより完全に終結せしめ、その後脱水剤等を用いて含有水分量を調整し、縮重合度を高めるとともに安定するよう制御した撥水膜用塗布液でコ−ティング溶液とし、制御した被膜環境下で該改質面に成膜することにより、その性能が優れるコ−ティング溶液を簡便に得ることができるとともに、得られた撥水性膜が格段に優れた耐摩耗性である耐トラバ−ス性能および耐光性能を有する。この撥水性膜は、より長期的に優れた撥水性能、例えば接触角が約70°〜80°程度以上、好ましくは約80°〜90°程度以上、より好ましくは約90°〜100 °程度以上を維持することができ、高硬度かつ高密着性であって耐久性を併せ持ち、制御性よく極めて安定して発現する。しかも高安全で厄介な工程もなく、簡便に効率よく成膜することができ、かつ量産下で長期においてもそのバラツキ幅をよりコントロ−ルよく低減することができ、より確実でかつ安定した品質のものとすることができる等、建築用はもちろん、ことに自動車用等の窓材、さらには船舶や航空機の窓材、電子機器などの種々の分野の各種ガラス物品において有用である。
【0044】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。ただし本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0045】
実施例1
撥水膜層を形成するための撥水剤溶液組成の原料として、フルオロアルキルアルコキシシラン〔FAS :CF3(CF2)7CH2CH2Si(OCH3)3、東芝シリコ−ン製;TSL8233 〕と、イソプロピルアルコ−ル〔iPA ;キシダ化学製〕と、0.1N- 硝酸〔キシダ化学製〕を用い、その配合割合をFAS :iPA :0.1N-HNO3 =1:25:0.3 (単位:g)とし、室温で約2時間攪拌し加水分解反応させた。
【0046】
次いで、該加水分解反応をさせた溶液にモレキュラ−シ−ブ4A〔キシダ化学製〕を約5g 添加浸漬して約16時間放置し縮重合反応させつつ脱水し完了した後、濾紙(NO.7)を用いて濾過しモレキュラ−シ−ブ4Aを分離除去して塗布溶液とした。
【0047】
予め、ミレ−ク(A+B)〔三井金属工業製〕:水=1:100 (wt%)でなる懸濁液を用い、ブラシハンドポリッシャ−にてガラス表面を研摩処理した後、充分水洗をし、約35℃の0.1N(約pH1)の塩酸水溶液に約1分間ガラスを浸漬し酸処理した後、再度水洗をした大きさ約200mm ×300mm 、厚さ約3.5mm のフロ−トガラス基板のトップ面側表面に、前記塗布溶液を室温で湿度約55%RH程度の環境において手塗りで塗布した。
【0048】
続いて、塗布後風冷乾燥してから、約140 ℃程度で約5分間程度キュアリングすることで成膜を行い、フルオロアルキル基含有被膜付きガラスを得た。なお、得られた膜厚は約5nm乃至25nm程度であった。
【0049】
得られたフルオロアルキル基含有被膜付きガラスのフルオロアルキル基含有被膜の評価を下記のように行った。

Figure 0003672688
【0050】
Figure 0003672688
【0051】
Figure 0003672688
【0052】
Figure 0003672688
【0053】
測定値 :該撥水膜表面の接触角θ°を測定した。
その結果、初期接触角θ0 が約111 °程度(初期転落角は約30°程度)のものが、耐トラバ−ス性試験では約3500回摺動後の接触角θは約104 °〜105 °程度以上になり、また耐光性試験においても、S-UV照射時間(hr)が例えば約300 時間後の接触角θ300 は初期接触角θ0 約111 °程度に対し約95°程度、約600 時間後の接触角θ600 は約80°程度となる等、格段の耐トラバ−ス性(耐摩耗性)と耐光性を示し、長期的に撥水性能を維持し耐久性が高いものであった。
【0054】
さらに、耐薬品性試験においても、初期接触角θ0 約111 °程度に対し試験後の接触角θが約108 °〜104 °程度であり、充分接触角θを約100 °以上に維持できるものであった。
【0055】
したがって、自動車用各種窓ガラスに対しても極めて優れた耐摩耗性と耐光性を有する有用な撥水性ガラスとなる。
実施例2
予め、ミレ−ク(A+B)〔三井金属工業製〕:水=1:1000(wt%)でなる懸濁液を用い、ブラシハンドポリッシャ−にてガラス表面を研摩処理した後、充分水洗をし、実施例1と同様に酸処理して水洗をした大きさ約200mm ×300mm 、厚さ約3.5mm のフロ−トガラス基板を用いた以外は、前記した実施例1と同様にして成膜した。
【0056】
得られたフルオロアルキル基含有被膜付きガラスのフルオロアルキル基含有被膜の評価を前記した実施例1と同様に行った。
その結果、例えば初期接触角θ0 が約110 °程度(初期転落角は約30°程度)のものが、耐トラバ−ス性試験では約3500回摺動後の接触角θは約98°〜103 °程度以上になり、また耐光性試験においても、S-UV照射時間(hr)が例えば約300 時間後の接触角θ300 は初期接触角θ0 約110 °程度に対し約89°程度、約600 時間後の接触角θ600 は約70°程度となる等、優れた耐トラバ−ス性(耐摩耗性)と充分な耐光性を示し、実施例1まででもないものの長期的に撥水性能を維持し耐久性が高いものであった。
【0057】
さらに、耐薬品性試験においても、実施例1と同様に接触角θを約100 °程度以上に維持できるものであった。
したがって、自動車用各種窓ガラスに対しても優れた耐摩耗性と耐光性を有する有用な撥水性ガラスとなる。
【0058】
実施例3
予め、実施例1と同様に研摩処理した後、充分水洗をし、約35℃の0.001N(約pH3.5 )の塩酸水溶液に約1分間ガラスを浸漬し酸処理した後、再度水洗をした大きさ約200mm ×300mm 、厚さ約3.5mm のフロ−トガラス基板を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして成膜した。
【0059】
得られたフルオロアルキル基含有被膜付きガラスのフルオロアルキル基含有被膜の評価を前記した実施例1と同様に行った。
その結果、例えば初期接触角θ0 が約109 °程度(初期転落角は約31°程度)のものが、耐トラバ−ス性試験では約3500回摺動後の接触角θは約100 °〜102 °程度以上になり、また耐光性試験においても、S-UV照射時間(hr)が例えば約300 時間後の接触角θ300 は初期接触角θ0 約109 °程度に対し約92°程度、約600 時間後の接触角θ600 は約75°程度となる等、優れた耐トラバ−ス性(耐摩耗性)と充分な耐光性を示し、実施例1には及ばないものの長期的に撥水性能を維持し耐久性が高いものであった。
【0060】
さらに、耐薬品性試験においても、実施例1と同様に接触角θを約100 °程度以上に維持できるものであった。
したがって、自動車用各種窓ガラスに対しても優れた耐摩耗性と耐光性を有する有用な撥水性ガラスとなる。
【0061】
比較例1
予め、実施例1と同様に研摩処理した後、充分水洗をし、約35℃の0.1N(約pH3.5 )の塩酸水溶液に約5秒間ガラスを浸漬し酸処理した後、再度水洗をした大きさ約200mm ×300mm 、厚さ約3.5mm のフロ−トガラス基板を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして成膜した。
【0062】
得られた被膜付きガラスの被膜の評価を前記した実施例1と同様に行った。
その結果、例えば初期接触角θ0 が約108 °程度(初期転落角は約35°程度)のものが、耐トラバ−ス性試験では約3500回摺動後の接触角θは約100 °〜104 °程度になり、また耐光性試験においても、S-UV照射時間(hr)が例えば約300 時間後の接触角θ300 は初期接触角θ0 約108 °程度に対し約82°程度、約600 時間後の接触角θ600 は約64°程度となる等、優れた耐トラバ−ス性(耐摩耗性)を有するものの、耐光性が必ずしも充分であるとは言い難く、めざす所期の長期的な撥水性能を維持し耐久性が高いものであるとは言えないものであった。
【0063】
したがって、自動車用各種窓ガラスに対して安心して長期的に使用できる有用な撥水性ガラスとは言い難いものである。
比較例2
前記した研摩処理ならびに酸処理をしない大きさ約200mm ×300mm 、厚さ約3.5mm のフロ−トガラス基板を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして成膜した。
【0064】
得られた薄膜付きガラスの薄膜の評価を前記した実施例1と同様に行った。
その結果、例えば初期接触角θ0 が約106 °程度(初期転落角は約35°程度)のものが、耐トラバ−ス性試験では約3500回摺動後の接触角θは約83°〜95°程度になり、また耐光性試験においても、S-UV照射時間(hr)が例えば約300 時間後の接触角θ300 は初期接触角θ0 約106 °程度に対し約70°程度、約600 時間後の接触角θ600 は約42°程度となる等、耐トラバ−ス性(耐摩耗性)および耐光性とも充分ではなく、めざす所期の長期的な撥水性能を維持し耐久性が高いものであるとは到底言えないものであった。
【0065】
したがって、自動車用各種窓ガラスに対して安心して長期的に使用できる有用な撥水性ガラスではないものである。
前記した実施例および比較例におけるS-UV照射試験による耐光性の状況を、S-UV照射時間/h に対する接触角/°でもって図1にまとめて示す。
【0066】
【発明の効果】
以上前述したように、本発明によれば、極めて優れた耐トラバ−ス性(耐摩耗性)と耐光性を示し、量産下で長期においても安定かつ確実に優れた撥水性能を維持し耐久性が高いガラスが、簡便に効率よく得られ、制御性よく品質の均質化を向上し得て管理でき、光学特性を損なうことがないので、建築用はもとより自動車用窓材に格段に安定した品質で供給でき、船舶や航空機の窓材、ミラ−等産業用ガラス、各種ガラス物品等、種々の分野に広く採用できる利用価値の高い、有用な撥水性ガラスを提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の撥水性ガラスの実施例とその比較例について、S-UV照射試験による耐光性を、S-UV照射時間/h に対する接触角/°の変化で示す説明図である。
【図2】本発明の撥水性ガラスにおける撥水膜層の長期的な撥水性能について評価する一つとして、耐トラバ−ス性試験(耐摩耗性)を実施したトラバ−ス式摺動試験機を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
トラバ−ス式摺動試験機
2 台
3 モ−タ
4 減速機
5 クランクディスク
6 摩擦布
7 荷重
8 ガラス基板
9 撥水膜[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water-repellent glass useful for various glass articles in various fields such as window materials for automobiles, as well as window materials for automobiles, as well as window materials for ships and aircraft, and industrial glass, and a method for producing the same. Is to provide.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, there has been a demand for a water-repellent glass that has superior durability and water repellency, and that lasts excellent water repellency.
[0003]
In order to answer these needs, for example, it is necessary to use a water-repellent glass provided with a water-repellent thin film having high traverse resistance (wear resistance) and high light resistance.
Therefore, the invention described in Japanese Patent Application No. 7-294106 filed by the present applicant has been controlled with a high specific surface area on the glass surface, which has high hardness, high mechanical strength, and excellent durability. By forming a base film having a unique and fine uneven surface surface, and forming a water-repellent film covering the base film, improving the adhesion efficiency and adhesion of the water-repellent film, Improves light resistance performance, demonstrates its performance remarkably, is highly transparent without impairing optical properties, and has excellent water repellency, wear resistance, durability, etc. for a long time with a strong adhesion. Can be maintained as a thing.
[0004]
Further, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-31595 and the like already filed by the present applicant, the temperature of the glass substrate is about 90 to 200 ° C. when the water repellent film is formed on the surface of the glass substrate. A water-repellent film layer is formed on the surface of the glass substrate (in some cases, the surface of the fine concavo-convex glass substrate with directional streaks in some cases) to provide weather resistance, abrasion resistance, and scratch resistance. In addition, it is possible to easily and efficiently form a water-repellent film that exhibits water-repellent performance that is remarkably excellent in durability and maintains the effect for a long period of time without defects such as cracks.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-247537 discloses a pretreatment process for polishing and cleaning the surface of a glass substrate with polishing powder as a method for producing water-repellent glass, and 5% of hydrogen in the alkyl group of polydialkylsiloxane. A coating process in which a silicon-based water repellent substituted with fluorine atoms is applied to a pretreated glass substrate to form a coating film, and the coating film is cured to adhere to the glass substrate and have a thickness of 0.1 to A curing step for forming a 2 μm water-repellent cured film is described, and in the pretreatment step, polishing and cleaning is performed using a fine polishing powder such as alumina or cerium oxide (1 μm or less). It is described that a water coating film first reacts with a silanol group present on the glass surface to form an adhesion film, and then proceeds to cure in the thickness direction of the surface.
[0006]
JP-A-58-122979 and JP-A-58-129082 describe water and oil repellents on the surface of glass. They are washed and washed with acetone, dipped in a 1% hydrochloric acid solution and then dried. Prepared glass plate (soda lime glass), apply the prepared water and oil repellent solvent solution to the surface with an applicator, and cure at 100 ℃ relative humidity at 120 ℃ or 160 ℃ for 20 minutes It is described that the ring was performed.
[0007]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-96679 discloses an adsorption monomolecular film and a method for producing the same, and in order to impart water and oil repellency, an active hydrogen group such as a hydroxyl group, an amino group or an imino group is provided on the surface. A non-aqueous solution of two or more types of halogenated silane-based interfacial adsorbents or alkoxysilane-based interfacial adsorbents containing a fluorine group and having different molecular chain lengths is brought into contact with the surface of the substrate having or added to Is washed and reacted with water or moisture in the air, and then a water-repellent, oil-repellent, anti-fogging and antifouling adsorption monomolecular film is obtained by dehydration between molecules.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For example, the water-repellent glass described in Japanese Patent Application No. 7-294106 filed by the applicant of the present invention is capable of sufficiently responding to the above-mentioned needs, but has a unique base film. There is also a demand for a water-repellent glass that has a two-layer structure of a water-repellent film and is a simple and simple single-layer film that can be used in various places and has a higher performance.
[0009]
In addition, the water-repellent glass described in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-31595, which has already been filed by the present applicant, is a water-repellent glass whose performance is improved by a single layer film and has a performance that approaches the water-repellent glass. However, there are cases where it is difficult to say that workability during manufacturing, particularly handling thereof is sufficiently simple and highly efficient.
[0010]
In addition, in the pretreatment for polishing the glass substrate surface in the method for producing water-repellent glass described in JP-A-3-247537, although wear resistance is improved, long-term stability including light resistance is achieved. Is hard to say.
[0011]
In addition, the cleaning and pretreatment with hydrochloric acid disclosed in the water- and oil-repellent agents on the glass surface described in JP-A-58-122979 and JP-A-58-129082 provide long-term wear resistance and light resistance. It is hard to say that the stability is sufficiently satisfactory.
[0012]
Further, in the adsorption monomolecular film and the production method thereof described in JP-A-5-96679, in order to impart water and oil repellency, the surface has an active hydrogen group such as a hydroxyl group, an amino group, an imino group or the like. In order to introduce a fluorine-containing group into the surface of the base material added to the surface, a halogenated silane-based or alkoxysilane-based compound is used. For example, a hydrolyzed fluoroalkylalkoxysilane and a silanol on a substrate The content of improving the efficiency of the reaction with the group (forming a siloxane bond) is not mentioned at all.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and it is prepared by modifying the surface of a glass substrate to complete the hydrolysis reaction of the water repellent liquid and using a dehydrating agent or the like. The resulting water-repellent film is formed by forming a water-repellent film coating liquid, which is controlled so that the amount of moisture is increased and the degree of condensation polymerization is increased and stabilized, on the modified surface in a controlled coating environment. Excellent wear resistance (traverse resistance) and light resistance. This water-repellent thin film has high hardness and high adhesion, and has both durability and wear resistance, and can maintain excellent water repellency over a long period of time.
[0014]
That is, the present invention relates to a water-repellent glass in which a water-repellent liquid is applied and formed on a surface of a glass substrate to form a water-repellent film layer. A water-repellent glass comprising a water-repellent film layer in which a water-repellent film coating liquid is coated on the surface-modified glass surface.
[0015]
The water-repellent glass described above, wherein the water-repellent film coating solution is prepared by hydrolyzing and polycondensing a fluoroalkyl group-containing silane compound.
Furthermore, the water repellent film layer is a water repellent film layer formed by immobilizing a fluoroalkyl group by a siloxane bond on the surface-modified glass surface and forming a film.
[0016]
Further, in a method of producing a water-repellent glass by forming a water-repellent film by applying a water-repellent liquid onto the surface of the glass substrate, polishing the surface of the glass and subjecting the surface to acid treatment, Next, a coating step for applying a water repellent coating solution prepared by hydrolyzing / condensing a fluoroalkyl group-containing silane compound, and then fixing the fluoroalkyl group to the glass surface by a siloxane bond A method for producing water-repellent glass, comprising: a curing step for forming a glass.
[0017]
Further, the above-mentioned water repellency is characterized in that the polishing liquid in the polishing treatment is a suspension containing an abrasive mainly composed of an inorganic metal oxide in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 10 wt% with respect to water. Glass manufacturing method.
[0018]
Furthermore, the process for producing a water-repellent glass as described above, wherein the treatment temperature in the aqueous solution as the acid treatment liquid is 5 ° C. or more and 70 ° C. or less and the treatment time is 10 seconds or more and 600 seconds or less.
[0019]
Furthermore, when preparing the coating solution for water-repellent film, after terminating the hydrolysis reaction of the fluoroalkyl group-containing silane compound, the water content in the coating solution for water-repellent film was adjusted to control the degree of condensation polymerization. A water-repellent coating solution is prepared, and the prepared water-repellent coating solution is applied onto the surface-modified surface of the glass substrate while adjusting the temperature and humidity, and 80 minutes to 350 ° C. for 1 minute to A process for producing a water-repellent glass as described above, wherein a water-repellent film layer is formed by drying and curing for 60 minutes.
[0020]
Furthermore, the method for producing a water-repellent glass as described above, wherein the fluoroalkyl group-containing silane compound is a fluoroalkylalkoxysilane compound.
Furthermore, the water-repellent film coating solution is characterized in that the amount of fluoroalkylalkoxysilane compound: the amount of diluting solvent: the amount of water due to the acid catalyst = 1: 5 to 40: 0.09 to 1.0. Manufacturing method of water-repellent glass mentioned above.
[0021]
Furthermore, the adjustment of the water content in the water repellent film coating liquid is an adjustment for removing excess water content in the water repellent film coating liquid by dehydration. The manufacturing method is provided.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The glass substrate is preferably a float glass used for architectural window glass, automotive window glass, etc., particularly its top surface, or various inorganic transparent plate glass such as roll-out glass. Colorless or colored, as well as its type or color tone, combination with other functional film, shape, etc. are not particularly limited, and as a bent plate glass, of course, various tempered glass and strength-up glass It can be used as a flat plate or a single plate, and can also be used as a double-layer glass or a laminated glass.
[0023]
Here, as described above, a glass substrate whose surface has been modified by polishing and acid treatment as described above, and a water-repellent film in which a coating solution for a water-repellent film is formed on the surface-modified glass surface. A water-repellent glass comprising a film layer is obtained as follows.
[0024]
The polishing treatment for the surface modification of the glass substrate is carried out by using a float glass top surface, a roll-out glass surface or a bent or / and tempered glass surface, etc., in which tin is less mixed, with cerium oxide (ceria) or / And a surface abrasive which is a fine powder (average particle size of about 5 μm or less, preferably about 1 μm or less) mainly composed of an inorganic metal oxide such as aluminum oxide (alumina) and / or silicon oxide, or wet or By appropriately changing the type and particle size of the powder used, the material of the polishing surface, the contact pressure with the glass substrate, etc. on the dry polishing surface such as a brush, sponge or cloth, the surface of the glass substrate surface Polishing while controlling the state and polishing state.
[0025]
As an example of a preferable condition, the polishing surface of a brush rotating at about 200 rpm is pressed at about 0.02 kg / cm.2As a polishing agent, a polishing liquid obtained by suspending Mille (A + B) (cerium oxide (ceria), particle size of about 1.2 ± 0.2 μm) manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Co., Ltd. in water at a concentration of about 1 wt% is used as an abrasive. When the surface of the glass substrate is polished, the glass substrate surface can be completely removed of dirt and scales adhering to the glass surface and so-called burns to the extent that no wrinkles are seen in a normal environment. Further, a very thin glassy layer on the surface, for example, a component-modified layer (silica-rich layer) formed on a bent or / and tempered glass surface can be removed, and the effect of acid treatment in the subsequent step is facilitated.
[0026]
The concentration of the polishing liquid is a suspension concentration in which the abrasive is contained in an amount of 0.1 wt% or more and 10 wt% or less with respect to water. If the concentration is less than 0.1 wt%, dirt, scales or so-called burns adhered to the glass surface are removed. It is difficult to remove completely, and at a high concentration exceeding 10 wt%, the appearance of wrinkles is observed on the glass surface under a normal environment, and further leads to uneconomics of the abrasive. The suspension concentration is preferably 0.5 wt% or more and 5 wt% or less.
[0027]
Next, the polished glass surface is treated with an acid treatment solution comprising an aqueous solution prepared by adding an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid, or an organic acid such as acetic acid, formic acid or oxalic acid to a pH of 4 or less. Silanol is extracted by extracting sodium ions and breaking siloxane bonds on the surface of polished glass by acid treatment under conditions where the temperature of the acid treatment solution is 5 ° C to 70 ° C and the treatment time is 10 seconds to 600 seconds. It is assumed that the group is efficiently generated, and that the silanol group contributes to the immobilization of the water-repellent fluoroalkyl (Rf) group in the subsequent water-repellent treatment.
[0028]
The temperature of the acid treatment liquid is set to 5 ° C. or more and 70 ° C. or less because when the temperature is less than 5 ° C., the reaction reaction rate of the silanol group is greatly reduced and the treatment time is increased. In the above mass production tact, the effectiveness is lost. At temperatures exceeding 70 ° C, the reaction rate of the silanol group is increased, but in the treatment liquid due to evaporation of volatile components (especially acid components such as hydrochloric acid). This causes inconveniences such as a decrease in acid concentration, fluctuation in acid concentration due to water evaporation, and corrosion of peripheral equipment due to evaporation of acid components.
[0029]
The reason why the acid treatment time is 10 seconds or more and 600 seconds or less is that when the treatment time is less than 10 seconds, silanol groups cannot be efficiently generated by extraction of sodium ions on the glass surface or cleavage of siloxane bonds. If the processing time exceeds 600 seconds, the actual mass production tact will lose its effectiveness.
[0030]
Preferably, the acid treatment solution is acid-treated at a pH of 3.5 or less, a temperature of the solution of 10 to 60 ° C., and a treatment time of 15 to 420 seconds.
The acid treatment is performed by immersing in an acid solution, but is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of obtaining an acid treatment effect equivalent to or close to the immersion method, such as a spray method or a flow coating method. Can be adopted without any problem.
[0031]
Next, when preparing the water-repellent coating solution, after using the fluoroalkyl group-containing silane compound and terminating the hydrolysis reaction of the fluoroalkyl group-containing silane compound, the water content in the water-repellent coating solution To prepare a water-repellent film coating liquid with a controlled degree of condensation polymerization, and apply the prepared water-repellent film coating liquid onto the surface of the glass substrate while adjusting the temperature and controlling the temperature to 80 to 350 ° C. Drying and curing are performed for 1 minute to 60 minutes at a temperature below 0 ° C. to form a water repellent film layer.
[0032]
Examples of the fluoroalkyl group-containing silane compound include fluoroalkylalkoxysilane compounds (hereinafter referred to as FAS).
It should be noted that the fluoroisocyanate silane compound or the fluoroalkyl halogenated silane compound generally classified as a fluoroalkyl group-containing silane compound and the silanol group on the glass surface is sufficient without requiring hydrolysis. Those capable of forming a siloxane bond by reacting with the above can be sufficiently used as a coating solution for a water-repellent film without controlling the hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction.
[0033]
In addition to isopropyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as i-PA), the diluent solvent may be a lower alcohol solvent having 5 or less carbon atoms such as methanol or ethanol. Ethers, esters, and hydrocarbons can be used in addition to the alcohol, and alcohols containing isopropyl alcohol as a main component are particularly preferred as a diluting solvent in the preparation of the coating solution.
[0034]
The acid catalyst may be organic acid such as acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or the like in addition to nitric acid having a concentration of 0.01N or more, preferably about 0.1N to 13N. What is important is the amount of water by the acid catalyst, and the amount of water is determined by the acid concentration in the acid catalyst and the amount of the acid catalyst itself.
[0035]
The coating liquid for the water repellent film is expressed in g, FAS [CFThree(CF2)7CH2CH2Si (OCHThree)Three] Amount: Dilution solvent amount: Moisture amount by acid catalyst = 1: 5-40: 0.09-1.0
[0036]
That is, FAS as starting material, i-PA as dilution solvent, 0.1N-HNO as acid catalystThreeThe water repellent coating solution is FAS: i-PA: 0.1N-HNOThreeMoisture amount by 1: 5 to 50: 0.3 (g = display), dehydrating agent is molecular sieve 4A (dehydration time: 2 to 24 h, immersion amount: 5 g), application environment is 55% RH or less at room temperature The coating solution was prepared and coated under humidity conditions, and the contact angle (°) at the sliding number of 3,500 times in the traverse sliding test (see Example 1 to be described later) was determined to obtain the anti-traverse performance. As a result of evaluating and changing the FAS concentration (dilution ratio) in the preparation of the water-repellent coating solution and determining the influence on the traverse resistance performance, the dilution ratio (dilution solvent amount) of the water repellent was 1 g of the starting material. Even if it is 5 to 45 or 50 g, the contact angle after traverse sliding is 3500 times may be about 95 °. However, for vehicles such as automobiles or those belonging to this, the dilution ratio of the water repellent is preferable. (Diluted solvent amount) is 5 to 40 g, more preferably 5 to 35 g, and most preferably 5 to 30 g, per 1 g of starting material. A.
[0037]
Also, FAS as starting material, i-PA as dilution solvent, 0.1N-HNO as acid catalystThreeThe water repellent coating solution is FAS: i-PA: 0.1N-HNOThreeWater content by 1: 25: 0.03-1.0 (g = indication), dehydrating agent is molecular sieve 4A (dehydration time: 24 h), application environment is 55% RH humidity at room temperature Prepare and coat, determine contact angle (°) at 3500 sliding times, evaluate traverse resistance, change water content (g) by acid catalyst in formulation of water repellent coating solution As a result of determining the influence on the traverse performance, even when the amount of water (g) by the acid catalyst is 0.1 g with respect to 1 g of the starting material, the contact angle after traversing the number of times of traversing is 3,500 times is 106 ° The amount of dilution of the water repellent (dilution solvent amount) is preferably 0.1 g or more, more preferably 0.13 g or more, with respect to 1 g of the starting material. Optimally, it is 0.2 g or more and 1.0 g or less. The reason why the upper limit is set to 1.0 g or less is that it may be 1.0 g or more, but even if it increases, it gradually becomes less economical.
[0038]
In addition, the hydrolysis of the starting material was terminated with FAS as the starting material, i-PA as the diluting solvent, 0.01N and 13N HNO as the acid catalyst.ThreeThe coating solution for water repellent film is FAS: i-PA: acid catalyst = 1: 25: 1.0 (g = indication), and the relationship between the hydrolysis reaction time (min) and the progress of hydrolysis is an acid catalyst. 0.01N and 13N HNO asThreeHowever, there is a relatively large difference in the initial hydrolysis reaction rate, but there is no difference in the hydrolysis reaction time of about 60 minutes or more, and the hydrolysis reaction is almost completed in about 90 minutes, about 120 minutes. Thus, it can be confirmed that the hydrolysis reaction is completely completed, and it takes about 90 minutes, preferably about 120 minutes, to complete the hydrolysis reaction (stirring).
[0039]
Furthermore, regarding the adjustment of the water content in the water repellent coating solution, FAS is used as a starting material, i-PA is used as a diluting solvent, and 0.1N-HNO is used as an acid catalyst.ThreeThe water repellent coating solution is FAS: i-PA: 0.1N-HNOThreeWater content by 1: 5: 0.3 (g = indicated), 5g of molecular sieve 4A as a dehydrating agent, dehydrating conditions were immersed for about 16 hours at room temperature and then filtered through NO. (H) and the amount of moisture (ppm) obtained with time, the contact angle after the traverse resistance test (traverse sliding number of times 3500) is about 95 ° or more. The water content is about 4000 ppm, preferably the water content is about 3000 ppm, more preferably the water content is about 2000 ppm at 2 hours or more. Examples of the dehydrating agent include molecular sieves (4A and 3A), calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate and the like, or water removal as an azeotrope.
[0040]
The water content in the water-repellent coating solution was measured and determined by using a Karl Fischer coulometric titration method.
Furthermore, it was decided to apply the prepared water repellent coating solution on the surface of the glass substrate while adjusting the temperature and humidity as follows: FAS as the starting material, i-PA as the diluting solvent, 0.1 N-as the acid catalyst HNOThreeThe water repellent coating solution is FAS: i-PA: 0.1N-HNOThreePreparation of coating solution under conditions of 1: 25: 0.3 (g = indication) and molecular sieve 4A (dehydration time: 16 h, immersion amount: 5 g) at room temperature. Coating film of coating solution under humidity conditions of 15% RH to> 90% RH, obtaining contact angle (°) after sliding 3500 times, evaluating traverse resistance performance, coating solution for water repellent film As a result of investigating the influence on atmospheric humidity (% RH) and traverse resistance performance at the time of coating, the contact angle after traverse sliding 3,500 times is 80 ° even if the atmospheric humidity is about 80% RH. In some cases, the temperature is about 101 °, and even if the ambient humidity is 70 to 80% RH at room temperature, it may be about 75% RH or less, preferably about 60% RH or less, more preferably About 60% RH or less and about 15% RH or more, optimally about 55% RH or less and about 15% RH or more.
[0041]
Furthermore, as a method of film-forming on a glass substrate, hand coating, nozzle flow coating method, dipping method, spray method, river coating method, flexo method, printing method, flow coating method or spin coating method, In addition, known coating means such as a combination thereof, and various coating methods proposed by the applicant of the present application can be appropriately employed.
[0042]
In addition, the film was formed by drying and curing at 80 ° C or higher and 350 ° C or lower for 1 to 60 minutes for the curing temperatures of about 80 ° C, about 140 ° C, and about 250 ° C. As a result of evaluating the relationship between the time (h) and the contact angle (°), the contact angle is about 70 ° or more and about 70-80 ° even when the S-UV irradiation time is about 600 hours (h). It has good light resistance. Accordingly, drying and curing are performed at 80 ° C. or higher and 350 ° C. or lower for 1 to 60 minutes. Preferably, it is about 100 ° C. or more and 300 ° C. or less.
[0043]
As described above, according to the present invention, the surface of the glass substrate is modified and prepared by polishing and acid treatment, and the hydrolysis reaction of the water-repellent coating solution is terminated more completely beforehand, and then a dehydrating agent or the like is used. By adjusting the water content, increasing the degree of condensation polymerization, and forming a coating solution with a coating solution for water repellent film that is controlled to be stable, and forming a film on the modified surface in a controlled coating environment, A coating solution having excellent performance can be easily obtained, and the obtained water-repellent film has a traverse resistance and a light resistance, which are remarkably excellent wear resistance. This water-repellent film has excellent long-term water repellency, for example, a contact angle of about 70 ° to 80 ° or more, preferably about 80 ° to 90 ° or more, more preferably about 90 ° to 100 °. The above can be maintained, high hardness, high adhesion, durability, and very stable expression with good controllability. In addition, there is no high-safety and troublesome process, it is possible to easily and efficiently form a film, and the variation range can be reduced with good control even in the long term under mass production, and more reliable and stable quality. It is useful for various glass articles in various fields such as window materials for automobiles, as well as window materials for ships and aircraft, electronic devices, etc.
[0044]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0045]
Example 1
As a raw material of a water repellent solution composition for forming a water repellent film layer, fluoroalkylalkoxysilane [FAS: CFThree(CF2)7CH2CH2Si (OCHThree)ThreeTSL8233], isopropyl alcohol [iPA; manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.] and 0.1N-nitric acid [manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.], and the mixing ratio is FAS: iPA: 0.1N-HNO.Three = 1: 25: 0.3 (unit: g), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for about 2 hours for hydrolysis reaction.
[0046]
Next, about 5 g of molecular sieve 4A [manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.] was added to the hydrolyzed solution and immersed in the solution for about 16 hours to complete dehydration while performing the condensation polymerization reaction. ) To separate and remove the molecular sieve 4A to obtain a coating solution.
[0047]
In advance, the glass surface was polished with a brush hand polisher using a suspension of Mille (A + B) (Mitsui Kinzoku Kogyo): Water = 1: 100 (wt%), and then thoroughly washed with water. The top of a float glass substrate having a size of about 200 mm x 300 mm and a thickness of about 3.5 mm was obtained by immersing the glass in a 0.1 N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at about 35 ° C for about 1 minute, acid-treating, and then washing with water again. The coating solution was applied to the surface side surface by hand coating in an environment of about 55% RH at room temperature.
[0048]
Subsequently, after coating and air-cooling and drying, the film was formed by curing at about 140 ° C. for about 5 minutes to obtain a glass with a fluoroalkyl group-containing coating. The film thickness obtained was about 5 nm to 25 nm.
[0049]
The fluoroalkyl group-containing coating of the obtained glass with a fluoroalkyl group-containing coating was evaluated as follows.
Figure 0003672688
[0050]
Figure 0003672688
[0051]
Figure 0003672688
[0052]
Figure 0003672688
[0053]
Measurement value: The contact angle θ ° of the surface of the water-repellent film was measured.
As a result, the initial contact angle θ0Is about 111 ° (the initial sliding angle is about 30 °), but in the traverse resistance test, the contact angle θ after sliding about 3,500 times is about 104 ° to 105 ° or more, and light resistance. In the property test, the contact angle θ after S-UV irradiation time (hr) is about 300 hours, for example.300Is the initial contact angle θ0Contact angle θ after about 600 hours, about 95 ° for about 111 °600Exhibited a remarkable traverse resistance (abrasion resistance) and light resistance, such as about 80 °, and maintained high water repellency over a long period of time and high durability.
[0054]
Furthermore, in the chemical resistance test, the initial contact angle θ0The contact angle θ after the test was about 108 ° to 104 ° with respect to about 111 °, and the contact angle θ could be sufficiently maintained at about 100 ° or more.
[0055]
Therefore, it becomes a useful water-repellent glass having extremely excellent wear resistance and light resistance to various window glass for automobiles.
Example 2
In advance, the glass surface was polished with a brush hand polisher using a suspension of Milleak (A + B) (Mitsui Kinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.): Water = 1: 1000 (wt%), and then thoroughly washed with water. A film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a float glass substrate having a size of about 200 mm × 300 mm and a thickness of about 3.5 mm, which had been acid-treated and washed in the same manner as Example 1, was used.
[0056]
Evaluation of the fluoroalkyl group-containing coating of the obtained glass with a fluoroalkyl group-containing coating was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 described above.
As a result, for example, the initial contact angle θ0Is about 110 ° (initial sliding angle is about 30 °), but in the traverse resistance test, the contact angle θ after sliding about 3,500 times is about 98 ° to 103 ° or more, and light resistance. In the property test, the contact angle θ after S-UV irradiation time (hr) is about 300 hours, for example.300Is the initial contact angle θ0Contact angle θ after about 600 hours, about 89 ° compared to about 110 °600Has excellent traverse resistance (abrasion resistance) and sufficient light resistance, such as about 70 °, etc. Although not up to Example 1, it maintains water repellency for a long time and has high durability Met.
[0057]
Further, in the chemical resistance test, the contact angle θ could be maintained at about 100 ° or more as in the case of Example 1.
Therefore, it becomes a useful water-repellent glass having excellent abrasion resistance and light resistance to various window glasses for automobiles.
[0058]
Example 3
After polishing in advance in the same manner as in Example 1, it was washed thoroughly with water, immersed in a 0.001N (about pH 3.5) hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at about 35 ° C. for about 1 minute, acid-treated, and then washed again with water. A film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a float glass substrate having a size of about 200 mm × 300 mm and a thickness of about 3.5 mm was used.
[0059]
Evaluation of the fluoroalkyl group-containing coating of the obtained glass with a fluoroalkyl group-containing coating was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 described above.
As a result, for example, the initial contact angle θ0Is about 109 ° (initial sliding angle is about 31 °), but in the traverse resistance test, the contact angle θ after sliding about 3,500 times is about 100 ° to 102 ° or more, and light resistance In the property test, the contact angle θ after S-UV irradiation time (hr) is about 300 hours, for example.300Is the initial contact angle θ0About 92 ° vs. about 109 °, contact angle θ after about 600 hours600Shows an excellent traverse resistance (abrasion resistance) and sufficient light resistance, such as about 75 °, etc. Although it does not reach Example 1, it maintains water repellency over the long term and has high durability It was a thing.
[0060]
Further, in the chemical resistance test, the contact angle θ could be maintained at about 100 ° or more as in the case of Example 1.
Therefore, it becomes a useful water-repellent glass having excellent abrasion resistance and light resistance to various window glasses for automobiles.
[0061]
Comparative Example 1
After polishing in advance as in Example 1, it was washed thoroughly with water, immersed in a 0.1N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at about 35 ° C. for about 5 seconds, acid-treated, and then washed again with water. A film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a float glass substrate having a size of about 200 mm × 300 mm and a thickness of about 3.5 mm was used.
[0062]
Evaluation of the film of the obtained glass with a film was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 described above.
As a result, for example, the initial contact angle θ0Is about 108 ° (initial sliding angle is about 35 °), but in the traverse resistance test, the contact angle θ after sliding about 3,500 times is about 100 ° to 104 °, and light resistance. Also in the test, the contact angle θ after S-UV irradiation time (hr) is about 300 hours, for example.300Is the initial contact angle θ0Contact angle θ after approximately 600 hours, approximately 82 °, approximately 108 °600Although it has excellent traverse resistance (abrasion resistance) such as about 64 °, it is difficult to say that light resistance is necessarily sufficient, and the desired long-term water repellency performance is maintained. It could not be said that the durability was high.
[0063]
Therefore, it is difficult to say that it is a useful water-repellent glass that can be used safely and for a long time with respect to various window glasses for automobiles.
Comparative Example 2
A film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a float glass substrate having a size of about 200 mm × 300 mm and a thickness of about 3.5 mm that was not subjected to the above-described polishing treatment and acid treatment was used.
[0064]
Evaluation of the thin film of the obtained glass with a thin film was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 described above.
As a result, for example, the initial contact angle θ0Is about 106 ° (initial sliding angle is about 35 °), but in the traverse resistance test, the contact angle θ after sliding about 3,500 times is about 83 ° to 95 °, and light resistance. Also in the test, the contact angle θ after S-UV irradiation time (hr) is about 300 hours, for example.300Is the initial contact angle θ0About 70 ° vs. about 106 °, contact angle θ after about 600 hours600The traverse resistance (abrasion resistance) and light resistance are not sufficient, such as about 42 °, and the long-term water-repellent performance that is aimed for is maintained and the durability is high. I couldn't say that.
[0065]
Therefore, it is not a useful water-repellent glass that can be used safely and for a long time with respect to various window glasses for automobiles.
The state of light resistance by the S-UV irradiation test in the above-described Examples and Comparative Examples is collectively shown in FIG.
[0066]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, extremely excellent traverse resistance (abrasion resistance) and light resistance are exhibited, and stable and reliable excellent water repellency performance is maintained over a long period under mass production. Highly stable glass can be obtained easily and efficiently, and can be controlled with improved control and homogenization of quality, and optical properties are not impaired. It is possible to provide useful water-repellent glass with high utility value that can be supplied in quality and can be widely used in various fields such as window glass for ships and aircraft, industrial glass such as mirrors, and various glass articles.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing light resistance by an S-UV irradiation test in terms of a change in contact angle / ° with respect to S-UV irradiation time / h for an example of a water-repellent glass of the present invention and a comparative example thereof.
FIG. 2 is a traverse type sliding test in which a traverse resistance test (abrasion resistance) was performed as one of the evaluations of the long-term water-repellent performance of the water-repellent film layer in the water-repellent glass of the present invention. It is a figure which shows a machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
1  Traverse type sliding tester
2 units
3 Motor
4 Reducer
5 Crank disc
6 Friction cloth
7 Load
8 Glass substrate
9 Water repellent film

Claims (2)

フロートガラス基板の表面上に撥水液を塗布成膜し撥水膜層を形成する撥水性ガラスの製法において、該ガラスの表面を研摩することで、ガラス表面に付着した汚れ又は水垢若しくはヤケを除去する工程、該ガラスを pH 4濃度以下になるよう添加調製された水溶液でなる酸処理液に浸漬させ、該酸処理液の温度が5℃以上 70 ℃以下、処理時間が 10 秒以上 600 秒以下の条件下で酸処理することで、ガラス表面にシラノ−ル基を生成する工程と、次にフルオロアルキル基含有シラン化合物を加水分解・縮重合し調製してなる撥水膜用塗布液を塗布する塗布工程と、次にシロキサン結合によりフルオロアルキル基をガラス表面に固定化し撥水膜層を形成する硬化工程とからなることを特徴とする撥水性ガラスの製法。 In a method for producing a water-repellent glass, in which a water-repellent liquid is applied on the surface of a float glass substrate to form a water-repellent film layer, the surface of the glass is polished to remove dirt or scales or burns adhered to the glass surface. A step of removing , immersing the glass in an acid treatment solution made of an aqueous solution prepared so as to have a pH of 4 or less, the temperature of the acid treatment solution being 5 ° C. or more and 70 ° C. or less, and the treatment time being 10 seconds or more and 600 seconds A water repellent coating solution prepared by acid treatment under the following conditions to produce a silanol group on the glass surface, and then hydrolyzing and polycondensing a fluoroalkyl group-containing silane compound A method for producing water-repellent glass, comprising a coating step of coating, and a curing step of fixing a fluoroalkyl group to the glass surface by a siloxane bond and forming a water-repellent film layer. ガラス基板が曲げまたは/および強化ガラスであり、ガラスの表面を研摩することで、曲げまたは/および強化ガラス表面に形成した成分組成変性層(シリカリッチ層)を除去することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の撥水性ガラスの製法。 The glass substrate is bent or / and tempered glass, and the component composition modified layer (silica rich layer) formed on the surface of the bent or / and tempered glass is removed by polishing the surface of the glass. 2. A method for producing a water-repellent glass according to 1 .
JP33332996A 1996-08-19 1996-12-13 Water repellent glass manufacturing method Expired - Fee Related JP3672688B2 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33332996A JP3672688B2 (en) 1996-12-13 1996-12-13 Water repellent glass manufacturing method
DE69709800T DE69709800T2 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-19 Water-repellent glass pane and process for its manufacture
US08/914,171 US6337133B1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-19 Water-repellent glass pane and method for producing same
EP19970114294 EP0825157B1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-19 Water-repellent glass pane and method for producing same
US09/993,516 US6641654B2 (en) 1996-08-19 2001-11-27 Water-repellent glass pane and method for producing same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33332996A JP3672688B2 (en) 1996-12-13 1996-12-13 Water repellent glass manufacturing method

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JPH10167763A JPH10167763A (en) 1998-06-23
JP3672688B2 true JP3672688B2 (en) 2005-07-20

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GB9821984D0 (en) * 1998-10-08 1998-12-02 Thorstone Business Man Ltd Adhesive promotion
US7915058B2 (en) 2005-01-28 2011-03-29 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Substrate having pattern and method for manufacturing the same, and semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same
JP2006245544A (en) * 2005-01-28 2006-09-14 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd Patterned substrate and method for forming the same, and semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same

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