JP3673517B2 - Building wall structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a wall structure of a building, and more particularly to a wall structure of a building having an outer wall of a brick masonry structure constructed by a distributed unbonded prestressing method (DUP method). It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various construction methods such as a wooden structure, a reinforced concrete structure, a steel frame structure, and a block masonry structure are known. As a kind of building construction method, a brick masonry construction method is known in which bricks (brick) are constructed to construct a wall body. Brick made by baking clay at a high temperature is not only highly evaluated in terms of design, aesthetic effects such as texture, profound feeling, texture and color, but also durability, sound insulation, fire resistance and heat storage. It is also excellent in physical performance, has been popular in many countries around the world, and has been widely used as a wall material for buildings.
[0003]
The present inventor has proposed a distributed unbonded prestress method (DUP (Distributed and Unbonded Prestress) method) as a brick composition method for the dry method. This construction method is known as an earthquake-resistant brick masonry construction method in which bricks are laminated in multiple layers while introducing prestress by the fastening force of metal bolts, and its practical application research is still ongoing ( (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-51893, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-91674, Japanese Patent Application No. 6-20659, Japanese Patent Application No. 7-172603, Japanese Patent Application No. 8-43014).
[0004]
In recent years, in order to construct relatively low-priced residential buildings, etc. in Japan, housing construction materials manufactured according to standards and specifications of other countries have been imported. Residential buildings that use this kind of imported materials have sufficient load bearing capacity against vertical loads such as their own weight and carrying load, but are difficult to meet Japanese standards in terms of earthquake resistance and wind resistance. In this case, it is necessary to reinforce the member or enlarge the member cross section.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of the brick masonry construction method of the dry construction method described above, the entire construction period can be greatly shortened as compared with the brick masonry process of the conventional wet construction method. However, since the interior work is performed after the construction of the brick wall, the construction period of the brick masonry process tends to be a critical path for the entire process, and the brick masonry process is easily affected by the weather, especially rainy weather. In order to further shorten the entire construction period, some measures are desired.
[0006]
In addition, it was considered to reduce construction costs by using construction materials manufactured according to standards and specifications from other countries and relatively low-strength construction materials manufactured at low cost as interior materials for brick walls. However, as mentioned above, this type of interior material is difficult to exhibit sufficient proof strength against short-term horizontal loads such as seismic loads, and it is necessary to reinforce the materials themselves and change the design of the members. On the other hand, there was a problem that the cost increased.
[0007]
Here, in the case of a conventional residential building, when a structural type such as a frame structure or a framed wall structure is determined, the structure of the determined structural type is a long-term load (self-weight, loaded load) and short-term load (seismic load, wind It is designed based on the concept of bearing both (load). For this reason, for example, structural members manufactured according to the standards of non-earthquake countries can exhibit the same strength as long-term loads (self-weight and loading load) as structural members in Japan. There are also cases where the proof against seismic load is not adopted only because it does not meet Japanese standards.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to provide a distributed unbonded prestressing brick wall and a relatively inexpensive construction material of overseas specifications or low-priced specifications. The purpose is to provide a wall structure for a building in which both are used appropriately and both properly bear the long-term and short-term loads of Japan.
[0009]
The present invention also includes a structural part that mainly bears a long-term load and a structural part that mainly bears a short-term load, and both structural parts cooperate to exert structural strength against a design load. The object is to provide a body structure.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention laminates bricks and metal plates, andAnd metal plateIn the wall structure of a building having an outer wall of a brick masonry structure in which the upper and lower bricks are integrally interconnected under the prestress of the fastener by tightening the fastener passing through the bolt insertion hole of
  An inner wall constructed inside the outer wall is interconnected with the outer wall and the inner wall.MetalA shear reinforcement member,
  The inner wall is constructed as a dry construction wall capable of supporting a roof load, the inner end of the shear reinforcement member is fixed to the inner wall, and the outer end of the shear reinforcement member isArranged on the upper surface of the brick or between the bricks, fixed to the brick by the tightening force of the fasteners,Seismic force acting on the roof and inner wallThrough the shear reinforcement memberProvided is a wall structure of a building which is transmitted to the outer wall.
[0011]
According to the said structure of this invention, after constructing an inner wall ahead of an outer wall and building a roof, the brick of an outer wall can be built. Since the brick building process of the outer wall is performed under the roof eaves, the problem of the brick building process that is easily delayed by the influence of the weather is considerably solved. Moreover, by leading the inner wall work, the brick masonry work and the interior work can be performed simultaneously, and the entire construction period can be shortened.
[0012]
  Moreover, according to the said structure, the short-term horizontal load which acts on a roof and an inner wall isMetal shear reinforcement member (It is transmitted to the outer wall via a shear reinforcement hardware, and the wind pressure only acts on the outer wall. For this reason, the inner wall only needs to exhibit the strength to withstand a long-term vertical load such as a roof load, and the problems of earthquake resistance and wind resistance, which have been problems of imported housing materials, are solved. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the construction cost by using inexpensive housing materials.
[0013]
  The present invention also provides a wall structure of a building having a double wall structure of an outer wall and an inner wall.
  The outer wall is a brick in which bricks and metal plates are laminated, and a fastener that penetrates the bolt insertion holes of the bricks and the metal plate is fastened to integrally interconnect the upper and lower bricks under the prestress of the fasteners. It consists of an outer wall of masonry structure,
  The outer wall has a strength to bear the own weight of the outer wall and a short-term horizontal load acting on the outer wall and the inner wall, and the inner wall is a long-term acting on the inner weight of the inner wall and the inner wall.VerticalIt has the strength to bear the load,
  The outer wall and the inner wall transmit shearing force of the inner wall to the outer wall.MetalBy shear reinforcementInterconnected, the outer end of the shear reinforcement member is disposed on the upper surface of the brick or between the bricks, and is fixed to the brick by the tightening force of the fasteners,A short-term horizontal load acting on the inner wall is transmitted to the outer wall by the shear reinforcement member, thereby providing a wall structure of a buildingTo do.
[0014]
According to the above configuration of the present invention, the inner wall that mainly bears a long-term load and the outer wall that mainly bears a short-term load cooperate to exert structural strength against a design load (short-term / long-term load). For example, an inexpensive 2 × 4 structural panel with relatively low seismic performance can be used for the inner wall.
[0015]
Preferably, the short-term allowable shear force of the outer wall is proportional to the prestress applied to the fastener, and more preferably, the short-term allowable shear force Q of the outer wall._AS Q_AS= T ・ j ・ μ ・ N_PSet by / A. here,
t: Effective thickness of wall body j: Stress center distance of wall body
N_P: Sum of pre-stress (force) introduced in the layer where slip occurs
μ: Friction coefficient of brick-horizontal reinforcing plate contact surface
A: Effective sectional area of wall
It is.
According to such a configuration, the outer wall can be designed as a load-bearing wall effective in terms of earthquake resistance, and the seismic effect of the brick wall can be arbitrarily set by appropriately setting the prestress.
[0016]
  From another viewpoint, the present invention relates to a construction method for a wall of a building,
The process of constructing the inner wall of the dry method that can support the roof load,
Building a hut on the inner wall;
Laminating bricks and metal plates on the outside of the inner wall, and building an outer wall of a brick masonry structure under the eaves of the hut assembly,
The upper and lower bricks are integrally interconnected under the prestress of the fasteners by fastening the fasteners that penetrate the bolt insertion holes of the brick and the metal plate,
When the bricks are stacked up to a predetermined number of steps, a metal shear reinforcing member that transmits a short-term horizontal load acting on the inner wall to the outer wall is disposed on the upper surface of the brick, and the bricks are applied to the bricks by the tightening force of the fasteners. A method for constructing a wall of a building is provided, wherein the outer wall and the inner wall are interconnected by the shear reinforcement member.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a residential building having the wall structure of the present invention.
[0017]
The building is generally composed of a foundation and floor slab 1, an outer wall 2, an inner wall 3, a cabin set 4, a second-floor floor set 5 and a ceiling 6. The outer wall 2 consists of brick walls of the DUP method built on the foundation and floor slab 1, and the inner wall 3 consists of wooden panel members used in the wooden 2 × 4 construction method, and is built on the foundation and floor slab 1 Is included. The roof set 4 is supported on the upper end of the inner wall 3, and the roofing material is constructed on the upper surface of the roof set 4. The load of the cabin set 4 acts on the inner wall 3 as a vertical load and is supported by the load bearing force of the inner wall 3.
[0018]
The outer end portion of the shear reinforcement metal fitting 10 is fixed to the uppermost end of the outer wall 2 and extends horizontally toward the inner wall 3 side. The inner end portion of the shear reinforcement hardware 10 is bent at a right angle to the lower side and is connected to the upper end portion of the inner wall 3 by a bolt 31. A horizontal load (such as seismic force) acting on the cabin set 4 and the inner wall 3 is transmitted to the outer wall 2 via the shear reinforcement hardware 10 and is supported by the seismic force of the outer wall 2.
[0019]
The horizontal member 30 that supports the second floor set 5 and the upper floor inner wall 3 is connected to the intermediate height portion of the outer wall 2 by the intermediate floor shear reinforcing means 20 so as to transmit stress. The shear reinforcement means 20 includes an outer wall side bracket 21 fixed to the outer wall 2 and an inner wall side bracket 22 fixed to the horizontal member 30, and the brackets 21 and 22 are bolt and nut assemblies (not shown). ). A horizontal load (such as seismic force) acting on the inner wall 3 and the second floor set 5 is transmitted to the outer wall 2 via the brackets 21 and 22 and is supported by the seismic force of the outer wall 2.
[0020]
2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the brick building process of the outer wall 2, FIG. 4 (A) is a perspective view of the brick alone, and FIGS. 4 (B) and (C) are the brick building state. It is the perspective view and front view which show.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 2, the bricks A: B of the outer wall 2 are stacked one above the other, and a metal plate 51 is inserted between the bricks A: B. The metal plate 51 has a width that is substantially the same as the width of the brick upper surface, has a length that is substantially the same as the length of a single brick, and is disposed so as to straddle two adjacent bricks. As shown in FIG. 4, the bricks are stacked in a staggered arrangement, and the upper and lower bricks are arranged at positions that are relatively displaced in the direction of the wall core by a half dimension.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, the bolt insertion hole 53 of the metal plate 51 inserted between the upper and lower bricks A: B is aligned with the hollow portion 80 and the bolt insertion hole 7. A total screw bolt 60 having a height (length) equivalent to the total height of the bricks A: B laminated in two layers is inserted into the insertion hole 7, the hollow portion 80, and the insertion hole 53, and the bolt 60 can be screwed in. A long nut 70 is disposed in the hollow portion 80.
[0023]
The plate 51 is arranged on the upper surface of the bricks A: B that have already been stacked, and the round washer 63 and the spring washer 62 are placed on the plate 51 so as to align with the bolt insertion hole 53. A long nut 70 is screwed into the upper end portion of the bolt 60A that protrudes upward through the bolt insertion hole 53, the round washer 63 and the spring washer 62. The upper end portion of the bolt 60A is below the inner screw 71. Screw in half.
[0024]
When screwing the long nut 70 onto the bolt 60A, a dedicated detaching tool 100 indicated by a phantom line in FIG. 2 is used. The detachable tool 100 includes a portable drive unit 101, a socket unit 102 that can be selectively engaged with the bolt 60 and the long nut 70, and a base end of the socket unit 102 integrated with the rotary shaft 104 of the drive unit 101. The connection part 103 which can be connected is provided. The socket part 102 receives the long nut 70, transmits the torque of the drive part 101 to the long nut 70, and rotates the long nut 70 in the screwing direction. The long nut 70 rotates relative to the bolt 60A and is fastened to the upper end portion of the bolt 60A.
[0025]
In the subsequent masonry process, the upper brick C is further masonated on the lower brick B. The long nut 70 is accommodated in the hollow portion 80, the metal plate 51 is laminated on the brick C, and the upper layer brick D is laminated on the metal plate 51. The bolt 60B is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 7 of the uppermost layer brick D, and the lower end portion of the bolt 60B is screwed into the long nut 70. The above-described removal tool 100 is used for tightening the bolt 60B to the long nut 70. The socket part 102 of the removal tool 100 receives the upper end part of the bolt 60B, transmits the torque of the drive part 101 to the bolt 60B, and rotates the bolt 60B in the screwing direction. As a result, the bolt 60B is fastened to the nut 70. To do.
[0026]
The state of the bricks A: B: C: D thus assembled is shown in FIGS. The process of assembling the brick, the round washer 63, the spring washer 62, the bolt 60 and the long nut 70 is further repeated on the upper layer of the brick C: D, thereby making the brick into the fastener components 60: 62: 63: 70. A continuous vertical wall that is built together is constructed.
[0027]
A tensile stress corresponding to the fastening torque acts as a prestress on the bolt 60 screwed to the upper and lower long nuts 70, and a compressive stress acts as a prestress on the brick between the upper and lower plates 51. The torque of the bolt 60 and the long nut 70 in the upper layer is transmitted to the bolt 60 and the long nut 70 directly below, and acts to further tighten them. Therefore, the series of bolts 60 and long nuts 70 connected in series transmits the fastening torque of the upper layer bolts 60 and long nuts 70 to the lower layer bolts 60 and long nuts 70. As the brick 1 is stacked on the upper layer, it is screwed with a stronger fastening torque. For this reason, a considerably high-strength prestress acts on the lower bolt 60 and the brick 1, and as a result, the rigidity and toughness of the outer wall 2 against the horizontal excitation force and the vertical excitation force are substantially improved substantially. .
[0028]
A brick D shown in FIG. 5 is shown as a brick located at the uppermost end of the outer wall 2. The shear reinforcement hardware 10 is formed of an integral metal plate having a horizontal portion 11 and a vertical portion 12, and the horizontal portion 11 includes a bolt insertion hole 13 into which a bolt 60 can be inserted. A round washer 63 and a spring washer 62 are placed on the horizontal portion 11 so as to be aligned with the bolt insertion hole 13, and the upper end of the bolt 60 </ b> B protruding upward through the bolt insertion hole 13, the round washer 63 and the spring washer 62. The long nut 70 is screwed into the part. The above-described removal tool 100 is used for tightening the long nut 70.
[0029]
The vertical portion 12 includes a bolt insertion hole 14. As shown in FIG. 1, the entire screw bolt 31 protruding to the outer wall side is fixed to the upper end portion of the second-floor inner wall 3, and the vertical wall 12 is such that the protruding end portion of the entire screw bolt penetrates the bolt hole 14 of the vertical portion 12. Is positioned on the side surface of the upper end portion of the inner wall 3. As shown in FIG. 5, a nut (shown by an imaginary line) is fastened to the tip of all screw bolts 31 (shown by an imaginary line) penetrating through the hole 14, and the shear reinforcement metal fitting 10 is tightened by tightening the nut. The shear reinforcement metal fitting 10 is integrally connected to the upper end portion of the inner wall 3, and thus connects the upper end portion of the outer wall 2 and the upper end portion of the second floor inner wall 3 so as to transmit stress.
[0030]
  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the structure of the intermediate floor shear reinforcement means 20 arranged on the second floor part.
  The shear reinforcing means 20 is disposed at the same height as the horizontal member 30 and interconnects the intermediate portion of the outer wall 2 and the horizontal member 30 so as to transmit stress. The metal bracket 21 is disposed on the upper surface of the brick when the bricks are stacked to a predetermined height. The bracket 21 has a total length that spans a plurality of bricks and is positioned on the upper surface of the brick, and a slope that tilts upward at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal part 24 and extends toward the inner wall side. A portion 25 is formed. Bolt holes 26 through which bolts 60 can be inserted are formed in the horizontal portion 24 at a predetermined interval, and the upper ends of the bolts 60 protrude upward through the bolt holes 26 of the horizontal portion 24. . As described above, the long nut 70 is fastened to the bolt 60 at a predetermined position by the detaching tool 100, so that the horizontal portion24Is fixed horizontally on the upper surface of the brick by the tightening force of the long nut 70.
[0031]
The vertical portion 27 of the metal bracket 22 is fixed to the side surface of the horizontal member 30. A bolt 33 protruding from the side surface of the horizontal member 30 passes through a bolt hole (not shown) drilled in the vertical portion 27, and a nut 34 is fastened to the tip of the bolt 33. The vertical portion 27 is fixed to the horizontal member 30 so as to be integral and capable of transmitting stress by the tightening force of the nut 34. An inclined portion 28 of the metal bracket 22 extends from the lower end of the vertical portion 27 to the outer wall side. The inclination angle of the inclined portion 28 matches the inclination angle of the inclined portion 25, and the tip portions of the inclined portions 28, 25 overlap each other in the hollow region between the inner wall 3 and the outer wall 2. Bolt holes (not shown) are formed in the overlapping region of the inclined portions 28 and 25 at a predetermined interval, and the inclined portions 28 and 25 are fastened to the bolts 29a inserted into the bolt holes and the bolts 29a. It is firmly connected by a bolt / nut assembly 29 comprising a nut 29b.
[0032]
Thus, the inner wall 3 is connected to the outer wall 4 via the shear reinforcement hardware 10 and the shear reinforcement means 20, and short-term horizontal loads such as seismic loads or wind loads acting on the inner wall 3 and the roof assembly 4 are applied to the shear reinforcement hardware 10 and It is transmitted to the outer wall via the shear reinforcement means 20. Since the outer wall 4 made of a brick wall of the DUP (Distributed and Unbonded Prestress) method has sufficient strength to withstand short-term horizontal loads, the inner wall 3 substantially bears only vertical loads.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a loading test result (loading history curve) of the DUP brick wall constituting the outer wall 2. The loading history curve shown by the solid line in FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the horizontal load acting on the brick wall and the shear deformation angle of the brick wall. In FIG. 7, as a comparative example, a loading history curve of a steel frame pure ramen is shown by a broken line. The diagram of FIG. 7 shows the short-term allowable shear force Q._ASRatio of in-plane horizontal load Q to (Q / Q_AS) Is the vertical axis and the shear deformation angle is the horizontal axis. The brick wall used in the experiment was assembled using M12 steel bolts, and 7.0 kN / piece of prestress was uniformly introduced into each bolt.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 7, the loading history curve of the brick wall is generally similar to the loading history curve of the steel structure and draws a spindle-shaped stable steady loop. This is thought to be due to the fact that slips that absorb short-term horizontal loads such as seismic forces occur between bricks and plates in the dry material structure consisting of metal plates and bricks. Responds flexibly to short-term horizontal loads and avoids overall destruction or collapse of the wall. That is, the brick wall exhibits a high energy absorption capability and possesses a proof strength that does not cause the entire wall to be destroyed or collapsed against a considerable seismic force. Here, the short-term allowable shearing force of the brick wall is set to a condition that does not allow the occurrence of plastic deformation due to sliding in order to ensure a high safety factor up to the ultimate proof stress (Q / Q)._AS≦ 1).
[0034]
The shear stress-deformation angle analysis formula used for brick wall design is as follows.
Θ = {(H · h_m ²/ 2E_WI_W− H_m ^Three/ 6E_WI_W) ・ A / H + 1 / G} τ
[0035]
θ: Wall shear deformation angle τ: Shear stress
A: Effective sectional area of wall body H: Height of wall body
h_m: Measurement point height
G: Shear elastic modulus of dry material structure (structure consisting of brick, plate, bolt and nut)
[0036]
However,
E_WI_W= E_bI_b+ EI
E_b: Young's modulus of bolt E: Young's modulus of dry material structure
I_b : Cross-sectional secondary moment of all bolts
I: Sectional moment of the entire cross section of dry material structure
[0037]
The ratio that each wall of the building bears the short-term horizontal load is determined based on the deformation angle etc. generated per unit shear stress, and the short-term design shear force of each wall corresponding to the building design seismic force (In-plane shear) is set.
[0038]
The design formula for the in-plane shear of the DUP brick wall is as follows.
_DQ_S/ Q_AS≦ 1 (1)
[0039]
_DQ_S: Shear force for short-term design of wall
Q_AS: Short-term allowable shear force of the wall (shear strength at the limit of damage)
[0040]
Q_AS(Short-term allowable shearing force) is obtained by the following formula (2) (in the case of an open wall)
Q_AS = T ・ j ・ f_s  ... (2)
[0041]
t: Effective thickness of wall body j: Stress center distance of wall body
fs: Short-term allowable shear stress of the wall (shear strength at the limit of damage)
J = 7d / 8 (d is the distance from the wall compression side end to the vertical reinforcing element center (bolt center) at the tension side end)
[0042]
fs (short-term allowable shear stress degree) is determined by the prestress introduced into the bolt, and is obtained by the following equation (3).
fs = μN_P/ A (3)
N_P: Sum of pre-stress (force) introduced in the layer where slip occurs
μ: Friction coefficient of brick-horizontal reinforcing plate contact surface
A: Effective sectional area of wall
[0043]
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a test result (out-of-plane bending test result) regarding the out-of-plane rigidity of the brick wall constituting the outer wall 2. FIG. 8 shows the degree of bending stress acting on the brick wall due to the horizontal load acting at right angles to the wall surface.
[0044]
When the load in the out-of-plane direction orthogonal to the brick wall (for example, wind pressure) is increased, the wall body begins to bend and deforms, and a slight gap is generated between the upper and lower bricks on the pulling side wall (tension edge opening). point). When a bending stress exceeding this value is applied to the wall, the curve indicating the relationship between the deformation angle and the bending stress degree becomes a gentle gradient (gradient decreases) from the point when the stiffness reduction point is exceeded, as if plastic deformation occurs. A tendency similar to the relationship between the deformation angle and the bending stress degree in the region is shown. However, by releasing the out-of-plane load, the wall body is almost restored to the initial state, and the residual strain or residual deformation is very small. This is due to the prestress introduced into the bolt. As a result of such experiments, the brick wall is substantially elastically deformed to a considerable deformation angle with respect to a short-term horizontal load acting in the out-of-plane direction such as wind pressure. It has been found that it is possible to design and construct properly so as not to cause total destruction or collapse due to seismic force or wind pressure in the out-of-plane direction by using the function of appropriately transmitting stress to the brick wall etc. did.
[0045]
9 to 16 are perspective views schematically showing a construction process of a two-story house.
In the building using the wall structure of the present invention, the inner wall 3 is constructed before the brick wall construction of the outer wall 2 as shown in FIGS. In the foundation / floor process and the first floor inner wall assembly process shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, after the foundation and floor slab 1 are constructed, the wooden panel members 3 a constituting the first floor inner wall 3 are sequentially built on the foundation and floor slab 1. Include. Next, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the second floor set 5 and the second floor inner wall 3 are assembled. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the hut set 4 and the roof are constructed on the second floor inner wall 3. Since the inner wall 3 has a load resistance enough to withstand a vertical load, the structure in which the inner wall 3, the cabin set 4, and the second floor set 5 are built is transiently stable.
[0046]
As shown in FIG. 14, the bricks of the outer wall 2 are stacked in the outer peripheral zone of the foundation and the floor slab 1 by the above-described DUP method. Since the hut assembly 4 has already been constructed, the masonry work of bricks is advantageous because it is not easily affected by the weather and in particular does not require curing against rainwater. In addition, since the inner wall 3 has already been constructed, the interior work can be performed simultaneously with the brick building process of the outer wall 2, so that the entire construction period of the construction work can be shortened.
[0047]
As shown in FIG. 14, the outer wall 2 on the first floor is stacked to the second floor level, and at this stage, the above-described shear reinforcing means 20 (FIG. 6) is applied, and the outer wall 2 and the inner wall 3 are interconnected. . Next, as shown in FIG. 15, the bricks of the outer wall 2 of the second floor portion are stacked, and the upper end portion of the outer wall 2 is connected to the uppermost end portion of the inner wall 3 by the shear reinforcement hardware 10 (FIG. 5), thus FIG. As shown, the outer wall 2 is constructed on the entire outer periphery of the building.
[0048]
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made within the scope of the present invention described in the claims. Needless to say, such modifications and variations are also included in the scope of the present invention.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention described in claim 1, both the brick wall of the distributed unbonded prestressing method and the relatively inexpensive construction material of the overseas specification or the low price specification are appropriately used. It can be used to provide a wall structure for a building that can properly bear the long-term load and short-term load of Japan.
[0050]
According to the configuration of the present invention described in claim 2 or 3, the structure part mainly bearing a long-term load and the structure part mainly bearing a short-term load are provided. It is possible to provide a wall structure of a building that exhibits structural strength against a design load.
[0051]
In addition, according to the configuration of the present invention described in claim 4 or 5, not only can the outer wall be designed as a load-bearing wall effective for earthquake resistance, but also the earthquake-resistant effect of the brick wall by appropriate setting of prestress. Can be set arbitrarily.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a residential building having a wall structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a brick building process of an outer wall.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a brick building process of an outer wall.
4A is a perspective view of a brick alone, and FIGS. 4B and 4C are a perspective view and a front view showing a brick building state. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure and a mounting method of a shear reinforcement metal member arranged at the uppermost ends of the outer wall and the inner wall.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a configuration of shear reinforcement means arranged on the second floor portion.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a loading test result (loading history curve) of a brick wall constituting the outer wall.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a test result (out-of-plane bending test result) regarding out-of-plane rigidity of a brick wall constituting the outer wall.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a construction process of a two-story house, showing a construction process of a foundation and a first floor basement.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a process of erection of the inner wall of the first floor.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a construction process of the second floor set.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a process of second-floor inner wall construction.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a process of roof construction.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a brick building process of an outer wall on the first floor.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a brick building process of the second floor outer wall.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a two-story house showing a state when the outer wall construction is completed.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Foundation and floor slab
2 outer wall
3 inner walls
4 huts
5 Second floor assembly
6 Ceiling
10 Shear reinforcement hardware
20 Shear reinforcement means
21, 22 Metal bracket

Claims (11)

A brick masonry structure in which a brick and a metal plate are laminated, and a fastener that penetrates the bolt insertion hole of the brick and the metal plate is fastened and the upper and lower bricks are integrally interconnected under the prestress of the fastener. In the wall structure of buildings with outer walls,
An inner wall constructed inside the outer wall, and a metal shear reinforcement member interconnecting the outer wall and the inner wall,
The inner wall is constructed as a dry construction wall capable of supporting a roof load, the inner end of the shear reinforcement member is fixed to the inner wall, and the outer end of the shear reinforcement member is the upper surface of the brick or The building is arranged between the bricks, fixed to the bricks by the tightening force of the fasteners, and the seismic force acting on the roof and the inner wall is transmitted to the outer wall through the shear reinforcement member. The wall structure of things. The wall structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the shear reinforcement member has a total length extending over the plurality of bricks. The shear reinforcement member is an outer wall side bracket fixed between the upper surface of the brick or the brick (twenty one) And an inner wall side bracket firmly fixed to the structural member of the inner wall (twenty two) And consists of
The wall structure of a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall side bracket and the inner wall side bracket are interconnected so as to be able to transmit stress. In the wall structure of a building having a double wall structure of the outer walls and inner walls,
The outer wall is a brick in which bricks and metal plates are laminated, and a fastener that penetrates the bolt insertion holes of the bricks and the metal plate is fastened to integrally interconnect the upper and lower bricks under the prestress of the fasteners. It consists of an outer wall of masonry structure,
The outer wall has a strength to bear the own weight of the outer wall and a short-term horizontal load acting on the outer wall and the inner wall, and the inner wall has a strength to bear the own weight of the inner wall and a long-term vertical load acting on the inner wall. And
The outer wall and the inner wall are interconnected by a metal shear reinforcement member that transmits a shear force of the inner wall to the outer wall, and an outer end portion of the shear reinforcement member is disposed between the upper surface of the brick or the brick,
A wall structure of a building, wherein a short-term horizontal load that is fixed to the brick by the tightening force of the fastener and acts on the inner wall is transmitted to the outer wall by the shear reinforcement member. The wall structure of a building according to claim 4, wherein the shear reinforcement member has a total length straddling a plurality of the bricks. Short-term permissible shear force of the outer wall, the wall structure of the building according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that in proportion to the prestress applied to the fastener. The short-term allowable shear force Q _AS of the outer wall is set by Q _AS = t · j · μ · N _P / A, where
t: effective thickness of the wall j: stress center distance of the wall N _P: sum of prestress (force) that slip is introduced into the layer generated mu: Brick - Friction coefficient of the horizontal reinforcing plate contact surface A: The wall structure of a building according to claim 6, wherein the wall structure is an effective sectional area of the wall.   In the construction method of building walls,
  The process of constructing the inner wall of the dry method that can support the roof load,
  Building a hut on the inner wall;
  Laminating bricks and metal plates on the outside of the inner wall, and building an outer wall of a brick masonry structure under the eaves of the hut assembly,
  The upper and lower bricks are integrally interconnected under the prestress of the fasteners by fastening the fasteners that penetrate the bolt insertion holes of the brick and the metal plate,
  When the brick is stacked up to a predetermined number of steps, a metal shear reinforcing member that transmits a short-term horizontal load acting on the inner wall to the outer wall is disposed on the upper surface of the brick, and the brick is applied to the brick by the tightening force of the fastener. A wall construction method for a building, comprising fixing and interconnecting the outer wall and the inner wall by the shear reinforcement member. The method for constructing a building wall according to claim 8, wherein the shear reinforcement member has a total length extending over the plurality of bricks. The building according to claim 8 or 9, wherein when the brick is built up to the level of the floor portion of the building and the level of the uppermost end of the inner wall, the outer wall and the inner wall are interconnected by the shear reinforcement member. Wall construction method for objects. External wall side bracket fixed between the upper surface of the brick or the brick (twenty one) And an inner wall side bracket firmly fixed to the inner wall (twenty two) The outer wall side bracket is fixed to the brick, the inner wall side bracket is fixed to the inner wall, and the outer wall side bracket and the inner wall side bracket are integrally interconnected. The wall construction method for a building according to any one of claims 8 to 10.

Images