JP3674263B2 - Synchronous cable for toroidal type continuously variable transmission and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A synchronization cable for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission and a method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention include a synchronous cable incorporated in a toroidal type continuously variable transmission to be used, for example, as a transmission for an automobile or a transmission for various industrial machines. The improvement of the cable is intended to facilitate the assembly work of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The use of a toroidal continuously variable transmission as schematically shown in FIGS. This toroidal continuously variable transmission, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-71465, supports an input side disk 2 concentrically with an input shaft 1, and outputs arranged concentrically with the input shaft 1. An output side disk 4 is fixed to the end of the shaft 3. Inside the casing containing the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, there is a trunnion that swings around pivots 5 and 5 that are twisted with respect to the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 3, each of which is a swing member. 6 and 6 are provided.
[0003]
Each trunnion 6, 6 is provided with the pivots 5, 5 on the outer surfaces of both ends. Further, by supporting the base ends of the displacement shafts 7 and 7 at the center of the trunnions 6 and 6, and by swinging the trunnions 6 and 6 around the pivot shafts 5 and 5, 7 tilt angle can be adjusted freely. Power rollers 8 and 8 are rotatably supported around the displacement shafts 7 and 7 supported by the trunnions 6 and 6, respectively. The power rollers 8 and 8 are sandwiched between the input side and output side disks 2 and 4. The inner side surfaces 2a and 4a of the input side and output side discs 2 and 4 facing each other are obtained by rotating an arc centering on the pivot shaft 5 around the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 3 respectively. It has a concave surface. And the peripheral surfaces 8a and 8a of each power roller 8 and 8 formed in the spherical convex surface are made to contact | abut to the said inner surface 2a and 4a.
[0004]
A loading cam type pressing device 9 is provided between the input shaft 1 and the input side disc 2, and the pressing device 9 makes the input side disc 2 toward the output side disc 4 elastically pressable. Yes. The pressing device 9 includes a cam plate 10 that rotates together with the input shaft 1 and a plurality of (for example, four) rollers 12 and 12 held by a cage 11. A cam surface 13 that is an uneven surface extending in the circumferential direction is formed on one side surface (the right side surface in FIGS. 3 to 4) of the cam plate 10, and the outer side surface (the left side in FIGS. 3 to 4) of the input side disk 2 is formed. The same cam surface 14 is also formed on the surface). The plurality of rollers 12 and 12 are supported so as to be rotatable about a radial axis with respect to the center of the input shaft 1.
[0005]
When the toroidal type continuously variable transmission configured as described above is used, when the cam plate 10 rotates with the rotation of the input shaft 1, the plurality of rollers 12, 12 are moved by the cam surface 13 to the outside of the input side disk 2. It is pressed by the cam surface 14 formed on the side surface. As a result, the input side disk 2 is pressed by the plurality of power rollers 8 and 8 and at the same time, based on the pressing of the pair of cam surfaces 13 and 14 and the plurality of rollers 12 and 12, The input side disk 2 rotates. The rotation of the input side disk 2 is transmitted to the output side disk 4 via the plurality of power rollers 8, 8, and the output shaft 3 fixed to the output side disk 4 rotates.
[0006]
When changing the rotational speed ratio (transmission ratio) between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 3, and when first decelerating between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 3, the pivots 5 and 5 are used as the centers. The trunnions 6 and 6 are swung in a predetermined direction, and the peripheral surfaces 8a and 8a of the power rollers 8 and 8 are located near the center of the inner surface 2a of the input disk 2 and the output disk as shown in FIG. The displacement shafts 7 and 7 are inclined so as to abut against the outer peripheral portion of the inner side surface 4a. On the contrary, when the speed is increased, the trunnions 6 and 6 are swung in the opposite directions around the pivots 5 and 5, and the peripheral surfaces 8a and 8a of the power rollers 8 and 8 are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the displacement shafts 7 and 7 are inclined so as to contact the outer peripheral portion of the inner side surface 2a of the input side disk 2 and the central portion of the inner side surface 4a of the output side disc 4, respectively. If the inclination angle of each of the displacement shafts 7 and 7 is set intermediate between those shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, an intermediate transmission ratio can be obtained between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 3.
[0007]
5 to 6 show a more specific toroidal type continuously variable transmission described in the microfilm of Japanese Utility Model Application No. 63-69293 (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-173552). The input side disk 2 and the output side disk 4 are rotatably supported around needle-shaped input shafts 15 via needle bearings 16 and 16, respectively. The cam plate 10 is spline-engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the end portion (left end portion in FIG. 5) of the input shaft 15 and is prevented from moving away from the input side disk 2 by the flange portion 17. Then, a loading cam type pressing device 9 that rotates the input side disk 2 while pressing the input side disk 2 toward the output side disk 4 based on the rotation of the input shaft 15 by the cam plate 10 and the rollers 12 and 12. It is composed. An output gear 18 is coupled to the output side disk 4 by means of keys 19, 19, so that the output side disk 4 and the output gear 18 rotate in synchronization.
[0008]
Both ends of the pair of trunnions 6 and 6 are supported on the pair of support plates 20 and 20 so as to be swingable and displaceable in the axial direction (front and back direction in FIG. 5, left and right direction in FIG. 6). The displacement shafts 7 and 7 are supported in the circular holes 23 and 23 formed in the intermediate portions of the trunnions 6 and 6. Each of these displacement shafts 7 and 7 has support shaft portions 21 and 21 and pivot shaft portions 22 and 22 that are parallel to each other and eccentric, respectively. Of these, the support shaft portions 21 and 21 are rotatably supported inside the circular holes 23 and 23 via radial needle bearings 24 and 24. Further, power rollers 8 and 8 are rotatably supported around the pivot shaft portions 22 and 22 via radial needle bearings 25 and 25, respectively.
[0009]
The pair of displacement shafts 7 and 7 are provided at positions opposite to the input shaft 15 by 180 degrees. The direction in which the pivot shafts 22 and 22 of the displacement shafts 7 and 7 are eccentric with respect to the support shafts 21 and 21 is the same as the rotation direction of the input side and output side disks 2 and 4. It is set as a direction (left-right reverse direction in FIG. 6). The eccentric direction is a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the input shaft 15 is disposed. Accordingly, the power rollers 8 and 8 are supported so as to be slightly displaceable in the direction in which the input shaft 15 is disposed. As a result, due to fluctuations in the amount of elastic deformation of the constituent members based on fluctuations in the torque transmitted by the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, the power rollers 8 and 8 move in the axial direction of the input shaft 15 (see FIG. 5 can be absorbed without applying an excessive force to each component, even when it tends to be displaced in the left-right direction of FIG.
[0010]
In addition, between the outer surface of each of the power rollers 8 and 8 and the inner surface of the intermediate portion of each of the trunnions 6 and 6, thrust ball bearings 26 and 26, in order from the outer surface of the power rollers 8 and 8, Thrust needle bearings 28 and 28 for supporting a thrust load applied to the outer rings 27 and 27 of the thrust ball bearings 26 and 26 are provided. Among these, the thrust ball bearings 26 and 26 allow the power rollers 8 and 8 to rotate while supporting the load in the thrust direction applied to the power rollers 8 and 8. The thrust needle bearings 28, 28 support the thrust load applied to the outer rings 27, 27 from the power rollers 8, 8, while the pivot shaft portions 22, 22 and the outer rings 27, 27 are connected to each other. The support shafts 21 and 21 are allowed to swing around the center. Further, driving rods 29 and 29 are coupled to one end portion (left end portion in FIG. 6) of each trunnion 6 and 6, respectively, and driving pistons 30 and 30 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of each driving rod 29 and 29. doing. The drive pistons 30 and 30 are oil-tightly fitted in the drive cylinders 31 and 31, respectively. The drive pistons 30 and 30 and the drive cylinders 31 and 31 constitute an actuator for displacing the trunnions 6 and 6 along the axial directions of the pivots 5 and 5, respectively.
[0011]
During operation of the toroidal continuously variable transmission configured as described above, the rotation of the input shaft 15 is transmitted to the input side disk 2 via the pressing device 9. Then, the rotation of the input side disk 2 is transmitted to the output side disk 4 through a pair of power rollers 8 and 8, and the rotation of the output side disk 4 is further taken out from the output gear 18. When changing the rotational speed ratio between the input shaft 15 and the output gear 18, the pair of drive pistons 30, 30 are displaced by the same distance in opposite directions. As the drive pistons 30 and 30 are displaced, the pair of trunnions 6 and 6 are displaced in the opposite directions. For example, the lower power roller 8 in FIG. The power rollers 8 are displaced to the left in the figure. As a result, the direction of the tangential force acting on the contact portion between the peripheral surfaces 8a and 8a of the power rollers 8 and 8 and the inner surfaces 2a and 4a of the input side disk 2 and the output side disk 4 changes. To do. The trunnions 6 and 6 swing in opposite directions around the pivots 5 and 5 pivotally supported on the support plates 20 and 20 in accordance with the change in the direction of the force. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 4 described above, the contact position between the peripheral surfaces 8a and 8a of the power rollers 8 and 8 and the inner surfaces 2a and 4a changes, and the input shaft 15 and The rotational speed ratio with the output gear 18 changes.
[0012]
Further, arcuate surfaces 32 and 32 concentric with the pivots 5 and 5 are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the ends of the trunnions 6 and 6. The synchronous cable 33 is stretched between the two circular arc surfaces 32, 32. For example, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-178008, the synchronous cable 33 is fixed to a cable 34 formed in a closed ring shape and a circumferentially opposite position of the cable 34 as shown in FIG. And a pair of stops 35, 35. When such a synchronous cable 33 is incorporated in a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, the cable 34 is twisted so that the cable 34 is formed into an eight shape as shown in FIG. It engages with a concave step formed in the middle part of each arc surface 32, 32. Based on this engagement, the circumferentially opposite side portion of the synchronous cable 33 and the circular arc surfaces 32 and 32 engage with each other without slipping.
[0013]
Such a synchronization cable 33 serves to synchronize the tilting of the two trunnions 6 and 6 (the swinging motion about the pivots 5 and 5). Even when an actuator (hydraulic drive device) including the drive rods 29, 29, drive pistons 30, 30, and drive cylinders 31, 31 etc. fails, both the trunnions 6, 6 are tilted in synchronization with each other. Let Accordingly, even when the actuator fails, the inclination directions of the plurality of power rollers 8 and 8 sandwiched between the input side disk 2 and the output side disk 4 do not vary. As a result, an excessive frictional force does not act between the inner surfaces 2a, 4a of the disks 2, 4 and the peripheral surfaces 8a, 8a of the power rollers 8, 8, and the toroidal type continuously variable transmission. Will not be fatally damaged, and minimum power transmission can be ensured.
[0014]
As for the arrangement structure of the synchronous cable 33 that fulfills such a role, it has been conventionally described in the above-mentioned microfilm of Japanese Utility Model No. 63-69293 (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 1-173552), Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-178008. In addition to the structures described above, those described in JP-A-63-67458, JP-A-4-327051, JP-A-62-200852, and the like are known. In any case, the conventional synchronization cable 33 is formed in an endless annular shape as shown in FIG. 7 and has the shape described in the above-mentioned JP-A-63-67458, and the stopper 35 is disposed at the opposite position in the circumferential direction. 35 is fixed. Further, the pair of end portions of the synchronous cable 33 that originally existed are connected and fixed inside one of the stoppers 35.
[0015]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As shown in FIG. 7, the synchronization cable 33 is formed in an eight-character shape when assembled to the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission. However, in the case of the conventional synchronization cable 33, the synchronization cable 33 is formed in a simple ring shape as shown in FIG. 8, and an external force is applied to the synchronization cable 33 at the time of assembly, and the cable 34 constituting the synchronization cable 33 is twisted. As a result, an 8-character shape as shown in FIG. 7 was obtained. For this reason, in the case of the conventional synchronization cable 33, if the external force applied to the synchronization cable 33 is eliminated, the synchronization cable 33 has a simple loop shape as shown in FIG. Become.
[0016]
Therefore, when the conventional synchronization cable 33 is assembled to the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, an external force is applied to the synchronization cable 33 to form an 8-character shape as shown in FIG. , 35 need to be engaged with a concave step formed at the intermediate portion of each arc surface 32, 32 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of each trunnion 6, 6. As described above, it is troublesome to apply the external force to the synchronous cable 33 and to incorporate the synchronous cable 33 into the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, thereby impairing the efficiency of the assembly work of the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission.
In view of such circumstances, the toroidal continuously variable transmission synchronization cable and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention are designed to improve the efficiency of the work for assembling the synchronization cable to the toroidal continuously variable transmission.
[0017]
[Means for solving the problems]
A synchronous cable for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission that is an object of the present invention includes at least one input-side disk that is rotatably supported, and a state in which an inner surface thereof is opposed to an inner surface of the input-side disk. At least one output-side disk arranged concentrically with the input-side disk, and provided between the input-side disk and the output-side disk and centered on a pivot that is twisted with respect to the center axis of both disks A plurality of swinging members swinging, a plurality of displacement shafts protruding from the inner surface of each of the swinging members, and the input side disk and the output side in a state of being rotatably supported around each of the displacement shafts Incorporated into a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission having a plurality of power rollers sandwiched between inner surfaces of a disk, and any one of the plurality of swing members and other swing members A cable formed in a closed ring shape is connected to both the swinging members by being hooked between the moving members and the swinging motions of both the swinging members are mutually restricted. And a pair of stoppers fixed at opposite positions in the circumferential direction.
In particular, in the toroidal type continuously variable transmission synchronous cable according to claim 1, each of the stoppers is twisted to form an 8-character shape without applying an external force. The cable is fixed to both ends in the circumferential direction.
Further, in the method for manufacturing a synchronous cable for a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, an external force is applied by twisting the cable in a state where one stopper is fixed to a central portion in the longitudinal direction of the cable. In a state where the shape of the cable in the absence of the cable is an eight-letter shape, the other stopper is fixed between both ends of the cable in the lengthwise direction and is fixed between the ends.
[0018]
[Action]
As described above, according to the synchronous cable for toroidal continuously variable transmission and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention, the shape of the synchronous cable without applying external force is the state in which the synchronous cable is incorporated in the toroidal continuously variable transmission. The figure is an 8-character shape. Therefore, when the synchronization cable of the present invention is incorporated in a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, it is not necessary to apply an external force to the synchronization cable in order to make the shape of the synchronization cable into an 8-character shape. As a result, it is possible to concentrate on the work of connecting the stopper fixed at the opposite position in the circumferential direction of the synchronous cable to the swing member, and to improve the efficiency of the assembling work of the toroidal continuously variable transmission.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a first example of an embodiment of the present invention. In the case of the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. 1A, a predetermined length {just enough to be spanned between a pair of trunnions 6 and 6 (FIGS. 5 to 6)} is obtained. One stopper 35a is fixed to the central portion of the cable 34 in the longitudinal direction. In this fixing work, after the stopper 35a is loosely fitted to the center of the cable 34, a large compressive force is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the stopper 35a, and the inner peripheral surface of the stopper 35a is applied to the cable 34. This is performed by a conventionally known method such as pressing strongly against the outer peripheral surface of the central portion.
[0020]
Next, by twisting the two halves of the cable 34 in opposite directions to each other with the one stop 35a as a boundary, the two halves are respectively S-shaped as shown in FIG. The cable 34 is deformed in the opposite direction so that both ends of the cable 34 face each other. Then, as shown in FIG. 1C, the other stopper 35b is fixed between both ends of the cable 34 in the length direction. In this fixing operation, both ends of the cable 34 in the length direction are inserted into the stopper 35b from both ends of the stopper 35b, and then a large compressive force is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the stopper 35b. For example, the inner peripheral surfaces of both half portions of 35b are strongly pressed against the outer peripheral surfaces of both ends of the cable 34. In the case of the synchronous cable 33a of the present invention completed through the steps of FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (C), a force in the twisting direction is applied to the cable 34, so that no external force is applied. The shape at is an 8-character shape.
[0021]
Thus, in the case of the present invention, since the synchronous cable 33a is formed in an 8-character shape in a state where the synchronous cable 33a is incorporated in a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, the synchronous cable 33a is toroidal. When incorporated in the type continuously variable transmission, there is no need to apply an external force to the synchronization cable 33a in order to make the synchronization cable 33a into an 8-character shape. As a result, it is possible to concentrate on the work of connecting the stoppers 35a and 35b fixed to the opposite positions in the circumferential direction of the synchronous cable 33a to the trunnions 6 and 6 which are swing members, and the assembly work of the toroidal continuously variable transmission can be performed. Increase efficiency.
[0022]
Next, FIG. 2 shows a second example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, the cable 34a is configured by connecting a pair of cable elements 36, 36 in series with each other. That is, one end portions of the pair of cable elements 36, 36 each having a length almost less than half the length of the cable 34a are coupled in series with each other via one stopper 35a. The other end portions of the cable elements 36 and 36 corresponding to both end portions in the length direction of the cable 34a are joined by the other stopper 35b. In the case of this example, after one end portions of the pair of cable elements 36 and 36 are coupled to each other by the one stopper 35a, the cable elements 36 and 36 are twisted and the cable elements 36 and 36 are twisted. Each of the cable elements 36 and 36 is joined to each other by the other stopper 35b. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first example described above.
[0023]
5 to 6 described above, a pair of the input side disk 2 and the output side disk 4 are provided, and the inclination angles of the plurality of power rollers 8 and 8 provided between the disks 2 and 4 are provided. 1 shows a structure in which a cable 34 is provided in a so-called single cavity type toroidal continuously variable transmission. In contrast, a so-called double-cavity toroidal type, in which two input-side disks and two output-side disks are provided, and two sets of input-side disks and output-side disks are arranged in parallel with each other in the power transmission direction. A step transmission has also been widely known. In the case of such a double cavity type toroidal continuously variable transmission, it is necessary to tilt the trunnions provided in the respective cavity portions in synchronization with each other even when the actuator fails. For this reason, in the case of a double-cavity toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, cables are routed between trunnions existing in the same cavity, and cables are also connected between trunnions existing in different cavities. Hang over. The present invention is not limited to a cable that spans between trunnions that exist in the same cavity, and it goes without saying that a cable that spans between trunnions that exist in different cavities is also covered. .
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, it is possible to contribute to the cost reduction of the toroidal continuously variable transmission by increasing the efficiency of assembling the synchronous cable to the toroidal continuously variable transmission.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first example of an embodiment of the present invention in the order of manufacturing steps of a synchronous cable.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the second example in a state after completion.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a basic configuration of a conventionally known toroidal continuously variable transmission in a state of maximum deceleration.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing the state of the maximum speed increase.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a first example of a conventional concrete structure.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
7 is a diagram showing an example of a conventionally known synchronous cable as it is viewed from the side of FIG. 6 by twisting it by applying an external force so as to be assembled to a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission.
FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 7, showing a state in which an external force is not applied to a conventionally known synchronous cable.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Input shaft 2 Input side disk 2a Inner side surface 3 Output shaft 4 Output side disk 4a Inner side surface 5 Pivot 6 Trunnion 7 Displacement shaft 8 Power roller 8a Circumferential surface 9 Pressing device 10 Cam plate 11 Retainer 12 Rollers 13, 14 Cam surface 15 Input shaft 16 Needle bearing 17 collar 18 output gear 19 key 20 support plate 21 support shaft 22 pivot shaft 23 circular hole 24, 25 radial needle bearing 26 thrust ball bearing 27 outer ring 28 thrust needle bearing 29 drive rod 30 drive piston 31 Drive cylinder 32 Arc surface 33, 33a Synchronous cable 34, 34a Cable 35, 35a, 35b Stopper 36 Cable element

Claims (2)

At least one input-side disk rotatably supported, and at least one output-side disk disposed concentrically with the input-side disk in a state where the inner side surface is opposed to the inner side surface of the input-side disk; A plurality of oscillating members provided between the input-side disc and the output-side disc and oscillating around a pivot that is twisted with respect to the central axes of the two discs; A plurality of displacement shafts protruding from the side surfaces, and a plurality of power rollers sandwiched between the inner side surfaces of the input side disk and the output side disk in a state of being rotatably supported around each of the displacement axes; Are incorporated in a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission including the above-described swing members, and the swing members are spanned between one of the swing members and the other swing member. Coupled to this In order to mutually restrict the swinging of both swinging members, a toroidal continuously variable transmission comprising a cable formed in a closed annular shape and a pair of stoppers fixed at opposite positions in the circumferential direction of the cable. In the machine synchronous cable, each of the stoppers is fixed to both ends in the circumferential direction of the cable in a state where the cable is twisted to form an 8-character shape without applying external force. Synchronous cable for toroidal continuously variable transmissions. At least one input-side disk rotatably supported, and at least one output-side disk disposed concentrically with the input-side disk in a state where the inner side surface is opposed to the inner side surface of the input-side disk; A plurality of oscillating members provided between the input-side disc and the output-side disc and oscillating around a pivot that is twisted with respect to the central axes of the two discs; A plurality of displacement shafts protruding from the side surfaces, and a plurality of power rollers sandwiched between the inner side surfaces of the input side disk and the output side disk in a state of being rotatably supported around each of the displacement axes; Are incorporated in a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission including the above-described swing members, and the swing members are spanned between one of the swing members and the other swing member. Coupled to this In order to mutually restrict the swinging of both swinging members, a toroidal continuously variable transmission comprising a cable formed in a closed annular shape and a pair of stoppers fixed at opposite positions in the circumferential direction of the cable. A method for manufacturing a synchronous cable for a machine, wherein the cable is twisted in a state where one stopper is fixed to the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the cable, so that the shape of the cable in a state where no external force is applied is an 8-character shape. A manufacturing method of a synchronous cable for a toroidal continuously variable transmission, in which the other stopper is fixed between both ends of the cable in the lengthwise direction in a state where the cable is spanned between the ends.

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