JP3675253B2 - Method for producing Mn-containing very low carbon steel - Google Patents
Method for producing Mn-containing very low carbon steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3675253B2 JP3675253B2 JP27969799A JP27969799A JP3675253B2 JP 3675253 B2 JP3675253 B2 JP 3675253B2 JP 27969799 A JP27969799 A JP 27969799A JP 27969799 A JP27969799 A JP 27969799A JP 3675253 B2 JP3675253 B2 JP 3675253B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- decarburization
- molten steel
- concentration
- low carbon
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、Ｍｎを含有した極低炭素鋼を迅速に溶製する製造方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
極低炭素鋼は、自動車外装材やほうろう材など幅広い用途に用いられる鋼材であり、鋼材中の炭素濃度は６０ppm 以下、場合によって３０ppm 以下の低濃度が要求される。
【０００３】
このような極低炭素濃度にする方法として、真空脱ガス脱炭法が一般的に用いられている。
【０００４】
この真空脱ガス脱炭法は、溶鋼中の酸素（以下、［Ｏ］ともいう）と溶鋼中の炭素（以下、［Ｃ］ともいう）が反応し、生成したＣＯガスが溶鋼から離脱する際に、減圧下で脱炭反応を進行させると、生成ＣＯガスの離脱が容易になるという基本原理に基づいている。
【０００５】
真空脱ガス脱炭法によりＣＯガスの離脱が容易となり、極低炭素濃度まで脱炭を行うことが可能であり、この真空脱ガス脱炭法をさらに効率化するために、これまでに多数の脱炭方法が提案されている。
【０００６】
例えば、特開平２−１９４１１６号公報には脱炭時に減圧下の溶鋼表面に酸素を吹き付ける方法が、特開昭５８−１１３３１４号公報には酸化物粉体を減圧下溶鋼表面に吹き付ける方法がそれぞれ示されている。これらの方法は主に、溶鋼中の［Ｃ］と反応する［Ｏ］の濃度を上昇させ、脱炭反応速度を速めるというものである。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
これまでの技術は、溶鋼中の［Ｏ］の濃度を高めることにより脱炭反応速度を向上させるものであるが、Ｍｎを含有した極低炭素鋼を製造する場合、脱炭反応速度が低下するという問題があった。
【０００８】
すなわち、溶鋼中にＭｎ（以下、［Ｍｎ］ともいう）を含まない、または［Ｍｎ］濃度が低い極低炭素鋼を製造する場合に比較して、溶鋼中に［Ｍｎ］濃度が０．２〜０．５質量％（以下、単に％で質量％を表す）であると、脱炭時間が１．３〜２倍長くなるという問題があり、Ｍｎを含有した極低炭素鋼を製造する場合、脱炭時間の短縮化が求められていた。
【０００９】
本発明の目的は、脱炭時間の短縮化が可能なＭｎ含有極低炭素鋼の製造方法を提供することにある。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
真空脱炭反応は溶鋼中の［Ｃ］と溶鋼中の［Ｏ］との反応により進行するが、Ｍｎは弱脱酸剤であるため溶鋼中の［Ｏ］と反応し、ＭｎＯを形成し、溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度を低下させる。
【００１１】
しかし、真空下で溶鋼中の［Ｃ］と平衡する［Ｏ］濃度は、Ｍｎと平衡する溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度より低いため、Ｍｎ脱酸反応は脱炭反応に影響しないと従来考えられていた。
【００１２】
本発明者らは溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度が脱炭速度に影響を与えると仮定し試験を行い溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度および［Ｍｎ］濃度と脱炭反応との関係を定量化し、Ｍｎ含有鋼でも高速で脱炭反応が可能であることを明らかにした。
【００１３】
本発明は、以上の知見に基づいてなされたもので、その要旨は、下記の通りである。
【００１４】
転炉でＣ： 0.03 ％以上に粗脱炭されたMn：0.3〜1.2％の溶鋼をＲＨ真空脱ガス装置で仕上げ脱炭し溶鋼中の炭素濃度を50ppm 以下の極低炭素鋼域まで低減する処理において、真空脱炭処理前の溶鋼中の[Mn]濃度 (質量％)と、真空脱炭処理前および処理後のそれぞれの溶鋼中の[O]濃度 (質量％)とが下記式を満足する条件で10分以下脱炭処理を行うことを特徴とするMn含有極低炭素鋼の製造方法。
【００１５】
【数２】
【発明の実施の形態】
Ｍｎ含有極低炭素鋼中のＭｎ含有量は、Ｍｎが含有されている限り特に制限ない。しかし、Ｍｎ含有量が０．２％以上となると脱炭速度が急激に低下することから、本発明を適用するＭｎ含有量は０．２％以上、一般には０．３〜１．２％である。
なお、Ｍｎ含有極低炭素鋼中のＣ含有量は、一般には０．０００５〜０．００５％である。
【００１７】
転炉とＲＨ真空脱ガス装置（以下、単にＲＨ装置またはＲＨともいう）を用いてＭｎ含有極低炭素鋼を製造する場合を例に説明する。
【００１８】
本発明では転炉で溶鋼中の［Ｃ］濃度を０．０３％まで粗脱炭した溶鋼３００ｔをＲＨで更に０．００２％まで真空脱炭した試験を行った。
【００１９】
図１は、脱炭処理前の溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度が０．４％である場合における溶鋼中の酸素濃度と脱炭所要時間との関係を示すグラフである。
【００２０】
なお、脱炭処理前の溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度は０．４％であり、脱炭所要時間は溶鋼中の［Ｃ］濃度が０．０３％から０．００２％まで低下したときの脱炭所要時間である。
【００２１】
また、図中の○印は脱炭前の溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度と脱炭所要時間との関係を、●印は脱炭後の溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度と脱炭所要時間との関係をそれぞれ表す。
【００２２】
図２は、脱炭処理前の溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度が０．８％である場合における溶鋼中の酸素濃度と脱炭所要時間との関係を示すグラフである。
【００２３】
図１、２から明らかなように、溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度が低くなると、脱炭所要時間が長くなる。
【００２４】
この理由は、溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度が低くなると、溶鋼中の［Ｏ］と［Ｍｎ］が反応し易くなり、溶鋼中の［Ｏ］の大部分がＭｎＯとなり、脱炭速度が低下するからである。
【００２５】
また、図１、２から明らかなように、溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度が高くなると、脱炭所要時間が長くなる。
【００２６】
この理由は、溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度が高くなると、溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度が低い場合と同様に溶鋼中の［Ｏ］と［Ｍｎ］と反応し易くなり、生成物ＭｎＯのＭｎとＯとの結合力が強まるため、溶鋼中の［Ｃ］がＭｎＯ中のＯを奪う反応の速度が低下するからである。
【００２７】
上記図１および２では、脱炭処理前の溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度を０．４％および０．８％に変えた試験結果を示したが、脱炭処理前の溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度を０．１〜１．３％に連続的に変えた試験を行った。
【００２８】
図３は、脱炭時間が１０分以内の高速脱炭を可能とする溶鋼中のＭｎ濃度と酸素濃度との関係を示すグラフである。
【００２９】
同図から脱炭時間が１０分以内である高速脱炭可能な範囲は、下記式の範囲であることがわかった。
【００３０】
【数３】
【実施例】
転炉で溶鋼中の［Ｃ］を０．０４％とした溶鋼３００ｔを取鍋へ出鋼した。
【００３２】
なお、転炉でＭｎを添加し転炉出鋼後、取鍋をＲＨへ移動して真空脱炭を行った。
【００３３】
表１に、実施例の結果を示す。
【００３４】
【表１】
なお、表中に示す「計算溶鋼中の［Ｏ］濃度」とは、「溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度」から下記式で計算される濃度範囲を示す。
【００３６】
【数４】
また表中に示す「計算溶鋼中の[O]濃度と実測溶鋼中の濃度比較評価」は、前記計算された濃度範囲に「脱炭前実測溶鋼中の[O]濃度」および「脱炭後実測溶鋼中の[O]濃度」がいずれも入っていれば○印を、いずれかでも外れていれば×印を付けた。
【００３８】
さらに「脱炭前実測溶鋼中の[O]濃度」および「脱炭後実測溶鋼中の[O]濃度
」には、前記計算された濃度範囲から外れている数値は括弧（数値）を付けた。
【００３９】
表１に示すように、「溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度」と「脱炭処理前後で［Ｏ］濃度」との関係が上記式を満たした本発明例は、脱炭所要時間が１０分以内であったが、満たさない比較例は、脱炭所要時間が１８分以上であった。
【００４０】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、脱炭時間の短縮化が可能となる。
【００４１】
具体的には、従来約２０分を要したＭｎ含有極低炭素鋼の溶製が１０分以内に溶製できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】脱炭処理前の溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度が０．４％である場合における溶鋼中の酸素濃度と脱炭所要時間との関係を示すグラフである。
【図２】脱炭処理前の溶鋼中の［Ｍｎ］濃度が０．８％である場合における溶鋼中の酸素濃度と脱炭所要時間との関係を示すグラフである。
【図３】脱炭時間が１０分以内の高速脱炭を可能とする溶鋼中のＭｎ濃度と酸素濃度との関係を示すグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a production method for rapidly melting ultra-low carbon steel containing Mn.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Extremely low carbon steel is a steel material used in a wide range of applications such as automobile exterior materials and enamel materials, and the carbon concentration in the steel material is required to be as low as 60 ppm or less, and in some cases as low as 30 ppm or less.
[0003]
As a method for obtaining such an extremely low carbon concentration, a vacuum degassing decarburization method is generally used.
[0004]
In this vacuum degassing decarburization method, oxygen in molten steel (hereinafter also referred to as [O]) reacts with carbon in molten steel (hereinafter also referred to as [C]), and the generated CO gas is released from the molten steel. Furthermore, it is based on the basic principle that when the decarburization reaction proceeds under a reduced pressure, the generated CO gas can be easily detached.
[0005]
The vacuum degassing decarburization method facilitates the removal of CO gas, and it is possible to perform decarburization to an extremely low carbon concentration. In order to further improve the efficiency of this vacuum degassing decarburization method, A decarburization method has been proposed.
[0006]
For example, JP-A-2-194116 discloses a method of spraying oxygen on the surface of molten steel under reduced pressure during decarburization, and JP-A-58-113314 discloses a method of spraying oxide powder on the surface of molten steel under reduced pressure. It is shown. These methods mainly increase the concentration of [O] that reacts with [C] in the molten steel to increase the decarburization reaction rate.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional technology improves the decarburization reaction rate by increasing the concentration of [O] in the molten steel. However, when producing an ultra-low carbon steel containing Mn, the decarburization reaction rate decreases. There was a problem.
[0008]
That is, compared with the case of producing ultra-low carbon steel that does not contain Mn (hereinafter also referred to as [Mn]) in the molten steel or has a low [Mn] concentration, the [Mn] concentration in the molten steel is 0.2. When there is a problem that the decarburization time is 1.3 to 2 times longer when it is -0.5 mass% (hereinafter, simply expressed as mass%), when producing an ultra-low carbon steel containing Mn Therefore, shortening of decarburization time has been demanded.
[0009]
The objective of this invention is providing the manufacturing method of Mn containing ultra-low carbon steel which can shorten decarburization time.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The vacuum decarburization reaction proceeds by the reaction between [C] in the molten steel and [O] in the molten steel. However, since Mn is a weak deoxidizer, it reacts with [O] in the molten steel to form MnO. [O] concentration in molten steel is reduced.
[0011]
However, since the [O] concentration in equilibrium with [C] in the molten steel under vacuum is lower than the [O] concentration in the molten steel in equilibrium with Mn, it is conventionally considered that the Mn deoxidation reaction does not affect the decarburization reaction. It was.
[0012]
The present inventors performed tests assuming that the [Mn] concentration in the molten steel affects the decarburization rate, and quantified the relationship between the [O] concentration and the [Mn] concentration in the molten steel and the decarburization reaction. It was clarified that the decarburization reaction can be performed at high speed even with contained steel.
[0013]
The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the gist thereof is as follows.
[0014]
Finished decarburization of molten steel with Mn: 0.3-1.2% roughly decarburized C: 0.03 % or more in the converter to reduce the carbon concentration in the molten steel to an extremely low carbon steel region of 50 ppm or less. In the treatment, the [Mn] concentration (mass%) in the molten steel before vacuum decarburization and the [O] concentration (mass%) in each molten steel before and after vacuum decarburization satisfy the following formula: A method for producing Mn-containing ultra-low carbon steel, characterized in that decarburization treatment is performed for 10 minutes or less under the conditions of
[0015]
[Expression 2]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The Mn content in the Mn-containing ultra-low carbon steel is not particularly limited as long as Mn is contained. However, when the Mn content is 0.2% or more, the decarburization rate is drastically reduced. is there.
The C content in the Mn-containing ultra-low carbon steel is generally 0.0005 to 0.005%.
[0017]
A case where Mn-containing ultra-low carbon steel is manufactured using a converter and an RH vacuum degassing apparatus (hereinafter also simply referred to as RH apparatus or RH) will be described as an example.
[0018]
In the present invention, a test was performed in which 300 t of molten steel, which was roughly decarburized to 0.03% in the molten steel in a converter, was further vacuum decarburized to 0.002% with RH.
[0019]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the oxygen concentration in molten steel and the time required for decarburization when the [Mn] concentration in the molten steel before decarburization is 0.4%.
[0020]
In addition, the [Mn] concentration in the molten steel before decarburization treatment is 0.4%, and the decarburization time is the decarburization when the [C] concentration in the molten steel decreases from 0.03% to 0.002%. Charcoal required time.
[0021]
The ○ mark in the figure indicates the relationship between the [O] concentration in the molten steel before decarburization and the time required for decarburization, and the ● mark indicates the relationship between the [O] concentration in the molten steel after decarburization and the required decarburization time. Represents each relationship.
[0022]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the oxygen concentration in the molten steel and the time required for decarburization when the [Mn] concentration in the molten steel before decarburization is 0.8%.
[0023]
As is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2, when the [O] concentration in the molten steel decreases, the decarburization time becomes longer.
[0024]
The reason for this is that when the [O] concentration in the molten steel becomes low, [O] and [Mn] in the molten steel are likely to react, and most of [O] in the molten steel becomes MnO, which reduces the decarburization rate. Because.
[0025]
As is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2, when the [O] concentration in the molten steel increases, the decarburization time becomes longer.
[0026]
The reason for this is that when the [O] concentration in the molten steel increases, it becomes easier to react with [O] and [Mn] in the molten steel as in the case of the low [O] concentration in the molten steel, and the Mn of the product MnO This is because the bonding force with O increases, and the reaction rate of [C] in the molten steel depriving O in MnO decreases.
[0027]
1 and 2 show the test results in which the [Mn] concentration in the molten steel before the decarburization treatment was changed to 0.4% and 0.8%, but the [Mn] in the molten steel before the decarburization treatment was shown. The test was performed by continuously changing the concentration to 0.1 to 1.3%.
[0028]
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the Mn concentration and the oxygen concentration in molten steel that enables high-speed decarburization with a decarburization time of 10 minutes or less.
[0029]
From the figure, it was found that the range in which high-speed decarburization with a decarburization time within 10 minutes is within the range of the following formula.
[0030]
[Equation 3]
【Example】
In a converter, 300 t of molten steel with 0.04% [C] in the molten steel was taken out into a ladle.
[0032]
In addition, Mn was added with the converter, and after the steel from the converter, the ladle was moved to RH and vacuum decarburization was performed.
[0033]
Table 1 shows the results of the examples.
[0034]
[Table 1]
In addition, the “[O] concentration in the calculated molten steel” shown in the table indicates a concentration range calculated by the following formula from the “[Mn] concentration in the molten steel”.
[0036]
[Expression 4]
Also, the “[O] concentration in the calculated molten steel and the concentration comparison in the measured molten steel” shown in the table show that the “[O] concentration in the measured molten steel before decarburization” and “after decarburization” A circle is marked if any [O] concentration in the measured molten steel is included, and a cross is marked if any of them is off.
[0038]
In addition, “[O] concentration in the measured molten steel before decarburization” and “[O] concentration in the measured molten steel after decarburization” are given parentheses (numerical values) that are out of the calculated concentration range. .
[0039]
As shown in Table 1, the example of the present invention in which the relationship between “[Mn] concentration in molten steel” and “[O] concentration before and after decarburization treatment” satisfies the above formula is decarburization time within 10 minutes. However, in the comparative example which was not satisfied, the decarburization required time was 18 minutes or more.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the decarburization time can be shortened.
[0041]
Specifically, the melting of the Mn-containing ultra-low carbon steel that conventionally required about 20 minutes can be melted within 10 minutes.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the oxygen concentration in molten steel and the time required for decarburization when the [Mn] concentration in the molten steel before decarburization is 0.4%.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the oxygen concentration in molten steel and the time required for decarburization when the [Mn] concentration in the molten steel before decarburization is 0.8%.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the Mn concentration and the oxygen concentration in molten steel that enables high-speed decarburization with a decarburization time of 10 minutes or less.
Claims (1)
［数１］
0.016×[Mn]＋0.028≦[O]≦0.023×[Mn]＋0.05Finished decarburization of molten steel with Mn: 0.3-1.2% roughly decarburized C: 0.03 % or more in the converter to reduce the carbon concentration in the molten steel to an extremely low carbon steel region of 50 ppm or less. In the treatment, the [Mn] concentration (mass%) in the molten steel before vacuum decarburization and the [O] concentration (mass%) in each molten steel before and after vacuum decarburization satisfy the following formula: A method for producing Mn-containing ultra-low carbon steel, characterized in that decarburization treatment is performed for 10 minutes or less under the conditions of
[Equation 1]
0.016 × [Mn] + 0.028 ≦ [O] ≦ 0.023 × [Mn] +0.05
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27969799A JP3675253B2 (en) | 1999-09-30 | 1999-09-30 | Method for producing Mn-containing very low carbon steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27969799A JP3675253B2 (en) | 1999-09-30 | 1999-09-30 | Method for producing Mn-containing very low carbon steel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001107131A JP2001107131A (en) | 2001-04-17 |
| JP3675253B2 true JP3675253B2 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
Family
ID=17614625
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27969799A Expired - Fee Related JP3675253B2 (en) | 1999-09-30 | 1999-09-30 | Method for producing Mn-containing very low carbon steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3675253B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108676966B (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2020-06-19 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Smelting method of automobile steel |
-
1999
- 1999-09-30 JP JP27969799A patent/JP3675253B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2001107131A (en) | 2001-04-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1074712A (en) | The method of refining of high purity steel | |
| WO1995005492A1 (en) | Steel containing ultrafine oxide inclusions dispersed therein | |
| JP3675253B2 (en) | Method for producing Mn-containing very low carbon steel | |
| JP6410311B2 (en) | Stainless steel refining method | |
| CN1013280B (en) | Decarbonization method of high-chromium molten iron | |
| JP4111352B2 (en) | High-cleaning refining method for stainless steel | |
| JP3728922B2 (en) | Method for melting molybdenum-containing molten steel | |
| JP3548273B2 (en) | Melting method of ultra low carbon steel | |
| JPH07207316A (en) | Wire for desulfurization of molten iron having high desulfurization efficiency | |
| JP4555505B2 (en) | Mass dispersion method for fine oxides in molten steel | |
| JP3994641B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of high clean ultra low carbon steel | |
| JP3282544B2 (en) | Demanganese method for high chromium molten iron alloy | |
| JPH06306442A (en) | Production of extra low sulfur steel | |
| JP3797206B2 (en) | Hot metal pretreatment method | |
| JP2005015890A (en) | Melting method of low carbon high manganese steel | |
| JP2002322508A (en) | Method for producing ultra-low Ti steel | |
| CN118256683A (en) | Smelting method of molten steel with extremely low sulfur content and application thereof | |
| JP2684307B2 (en) | Highly efficient method for preventing Al2O3 aggregation in molten steel | |
| JP2007270178A (en) | Method for producing ultra-low sulfur steel | |
| KR20050062260A (en) | Method for refining molten steel of low core loss and isotropic electromagnetic steel sheet | |
| JP3697987B2 (en) | Desulfurization agent for molten steel desulfurization | |
| JP2855333B2 (en) | Modification method of molten steel slag | |
| JPS6230810A (en) | Dephosphorizing method for high-manganese alloy | |
| JP2025162401A (en) | Method for refining chromium-containing molten steel | |
| JP3757435B2 (en) | Method for decarburizing and refining chromium-containing molten steel |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20040226 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20040309 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20040510 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20040608 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20040809 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20050412 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20050425 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 3675253 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090513 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100513 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110513 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110513 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120513 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120513 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130513 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130513 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313111 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130513 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140513 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |