JP3686104B2 - High pressure spray combustion device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a high-pressure spray combustion apparatus applied to a heat source such as a submarine power source Stirling engine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional high-pressure spray combustion apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. 2. 1 is a high-pressure combustor, 2 is a fuel tank, 3 is a fuel supply pump, 4 is fuel oil, 5 is a two-fluid sprayer, 7 is combustion exhaust gas, and 11 is an oxidizer. A tank, 12 is an oxidant supply pump, 13 is an oxidant, 14 is an oxygen gas generator, 15 is an oxygen gas, 16 is a mixed gas, and 17 is a mixed gas supply line.
[0003]
21 is seawater, 22 is a cooling water cooler, 23 is a Stirling engine, and 24 is a generator.
31 is a steam generator, 32 is a spray medium steam, 33 is a mixed gas heater, 34 is a H ₂ O condenser, 35 is a H ₂ O circulation pump, 36 is a CGR fan, 37 is a CO ₂ condenser, and 38 is CO ₂ condensate, 39 is a drainage pump.
[0004]
Reference numeral 41 denotes a starting oxygen gas generator, 42 denotes an oxidizer pipe, 43 denotes a branch pipe, 44 denotes a liquid amount adjusting valve, 45 denotes a bypass valve, and 46 and 47 denote valves.
51 is a CO ₂ cylinder, 52-54 is an on-off valve, 55 is an atmospheric discharge pipe, and 56 is an on-off valve.
[0005]
In the high-pressure spray combustion apparatus, fuel oil 4 such as light oil and kerosene in the fuel tank 2 is boosted by the fuel supply pump 3 and supplied to the two-fluid sprayer 5 provided at the upper portion of the high-pressure combustor 1, and high pressure Is supplied to the two-fluid sprayer 5 to spray the fuel oil 4 onto the high-pressure combustor 1.
On the other hand, the oxidant 13 such as liquid oxygen is supplied to the oxygen gas generator 14 via the oxidant tank 11 → the oxidant supply pump 12, where it is heated by the combustion exhaust gas 7 to become the oxygen gas 15. And a part 7a of the combustion exhaust gas exiting the oxygen gas generator 14 are mixed, and then this mixed gas is subjected to high-pressure combustion from the upper part of the high-pressure combustor 1 around the two-fluid sprayer 5 via the mixed gas supply line 17. Then, the fuel oil 4 sprayed into the high-pressure combustor 1 is combusted.
[0006]
By burning the fuel oil 4, for example, a combustion gas having a large amount of heat energy having a combustion pressure of 70 atm and a theoretical combustion temperature of about 2000 ° C. is obtained. Most of the components of this combustion gas are carbon dioxide and moisture, and in addition, a very small amount of oxygen gas and carbon monoxide gas are included.
The thermal energy drives a generator 24 through a Stirling engine 23 having the high-pressure combustor 1 and a cooling water cooler 22 using seawater 21.
[0007]
The combustion exhaust gas 7 is sent to the steam generator 31 discharged from the high-pressure combustor 1, where it dissipates heat and generates steam. Then, the flue gas 7 exiting the steam generator 31 is sent to the mixed gas heater 33 where the mixed gas 16 is heated and then sent to the H ₂ O condenser 34 where it is cooled by the seawater 21, The water vapor in the combustion exhaust gas 7 is condensed and moisture is separated, and a part of the separated water is sent to the steam generator 31 by the H ₂ O circulation pump 35 and is heated by the combustion exhaust gas 7 to have a high pressure. The steam is supplied to the two-fluid sprayer 5 as a spray medium.
[0008]
The remaining combustion exhaust gas 7 from which water has been removed by the H ₂ O condenser 34 is sent to the oxygen gas generator 14 where the oxidant 13 is heated to generate oxygen gas 15. Part of the flue gas 7a is circulated by the CGR fan 36, mixed with the oxygen gas 15, and returned to the high-pressure combustor 1 as described above. Further, the remaining combustion exhaust gas is sent to the CO ₂ condenser 37 where it is cooled by the seawater 21 to become the condensate 38, and is discharged out of the system through the drainage pump 39 together with the remaining condensed water and the cooling seawater. Is done.
[0009]
At the time of start-up, the oxidant 13 is bypassed from the branch line 43 of the oxidant line 42 to the start-up oxygen gas generator 41 by the flow rate adjusting valve 44 and the bypass valve 45, and oxygen gas is utilized by utilizing the sensible heat of the seawater 21. Is generated.
A part of oxygen is sprayed from the two-fluid sprayer 5 to the high-pressure combustor 1 through the valve 46 instead of the spraying water vapor 32 to burn the fuel oil 4. Further, the remaining oxygen is sprayed on the valve 47 → the mixed gas supply line 17 → the high pressure combustor 1 to burn the fuel oil 4.
[0010]
After that, when the combustion is stable and the flow rate of the condensed water necessary for the spray medium water vapor 32 and the calorific value of the combustion exhaust gas necessary for generating the oxygen gas 15 from the oxidant 13 are secured, the bypass valve 45 is closed. And shift to normal operation.
During assembly / opening inspection, the on-off valves 52 to 54 and 56 are opened to supply the high-pressure carbon dioxide in the CO ₂ cylinder 51 to the oxidizer / oxygen gas system and the combustion exhaust gas system, and the remaining air is removed. It discharges to the atmosphere via the atmospheric discharge line 55. Thereafter, the on-off valve (release valve) 56 is closed and carbon dioxide is sealed until the start of operation to prevent air from entering. In this way, performance deterioration of the H ₂ O condenser 34 and the CO ₂ condenser 37 due to nitrogen in the air, which is a non-condensable component, is prevented.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional high-pressure spray combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 2, since the degassing mechanism is not provided in the CO ₂ condenser 37 that is the final stage of the exhaust gas treatment, the combustion that has flowed into the CO ₂ condenser 37 as the operation time elapses. Concentrations of non-condensable gas components such as oxygen gas and carbon monoxide contained in the exhaust gas are increased. As a result, the condensation characteristics are deteriorated and the efficiency is lowered.
[0012]
Further, since the oxygen gas remaining in the CO ₂ condenser 37 cannot be recovered as the combustion oxygen gas, it is necessary to mount an extra oxidant in excess of the required amount of combustion oxygen, which also leads to a reduction in efficiency. On top, it becomes costly.
In addition, the CGR fan 36 is used because it is necessary to recirculate the combustion exhaust gas. However, since the exhaust gas pressure is 70 atm or higher during normal operation, it is necessary to make this CGR fan 36 a special high-pressure fan. From this point, there was a problem that the cost was high.
[0013]
The present invention is proposed in view of the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is high-pressure spray combustion that can perform high-efficiency operation despite low cost compared to conventional high-pressure spray combustion devices. The point is to provide a device.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-pressure combustor, a two-fluid sprayer for spraying fuel oil in the high-pressure combustor with a spray medium, and a part of combustion exhaust gas generated in the high-pressure combustor. condensing the mixed gas supply pipeline for supplying to the high-pressure combustor by mixing an oxygen gas is generated by heating the oxidizing agent, water vapor and cooling the combustion exhaust gas the combustion exhaust gas by the combustion exhaust gas A H ₂ O condenser to be cooled, a CO ₂ condenser for further cooling the combustion exhaust gas to condense carbon dioxide in the combustion exhaust gas, and a part of the water condensed by the H ₂ O condenser with the combustion exhaust gas. A steam generator for heating and vaporizing, a spray medium supply line for supplying the steam generated by the steam generator as a spray medium to the two-fluid sprayer, and heating the oxidant by sensible heat of water to generate oxygen gas Generated startup And an oxygen gas generator, in the high pressure spray combustion device with an oxygen gas supply means for supplying an oxygen gas generated at the same starting oxygen gas generator to the mixed gas supply pipe and the spraying medium supply pipe, CO ₂ CO ₂ condensate supply line for mixing a part of the condensate with the oxidant in a liquid state , a mixed gas generator for heating and vaporizing the mixture, and non-condensation in the CO ₂ condenser An introduction line for introducing gas into the oxidant tank and a discharge line for releasing residual gas components in the oxidant tank are provided.
[0015]
[Action]
High pressure spray combustion apparatus of the present invention is constructed as above, the fuel tank fuel oil and pressurized by the fuel supply pump, if you supplied to the two-fluid sprayer provided in an upper portion of the high pressure combustor together, high pressure Is supplied to the two-fluid atomizer to spray the fuel oil to the high-pressure combustor. On the other hand, the oxidizing agent in the liquid oxygen such sends out through the oxidizer tank → oxidizing agent supply pump, a portion of the CO ₂ condensate for CGR of CO ₂ condensate leaving the CO ₂ condenser CO ₂ condenser outlet -Side branch pipe → CGR CO ₂ condensate pump and send to the oxidant supply system as combustion exhaust gas recirculation gas. After joining and mixing each other, mixed gas generator (O ₂ / CGR mixing) To the gas generator) as an O ₂ / CGR mixed solution. The O ₂ / CGR mixed liquid is evaporated in the mixed gas generator to become an O ₂ / CGR mixed gas, and then supplied to the high pressure combustor. Further, most of the oxygen gas that has become a non-condensed component in the CO ₂ condenser and a small amount of oxygen gas are exhausted to the CO ₂ condenser → the non-condensable gas discharge line → the on-off valve → the oxidant tank. After the operation is completed, the gas remaining in the oxidizer tank is released to the atmosphere through the atmospheric discharge line → the on-off valve.
[0016]
【Example】
Next, the high-pressure spray combustion apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in FIG. 1. 1 is a high-pressure combustor, 2 is a fuel tank, 3 is a fuel supply pump, 4 is fuel oil, 5 is a two-fluid sprayer, 7 Is combustion exhaust gas, 11 is an oxidant tank, 12 is an oxidant supply pump, 13 is an oxidant, 13a is an O ₂ / CGR mixed solution, 14a is a mixed gas generator (O ₂ / CGR mixed gas generator), 16 A mixed gas 17 is a mixed gas supply pipe.
[0017]
21 is seawater, 22 is a cooling water cooler, 23 is a Stirling engine, and 24 is a generator.
31 is a steam generator, 32 is steam, 34 is an H ₂ O condenser, 35 is an H ₂ O circulation pump, 37 is a CO ₂ condenser, 38 is a CO ₂ condensate, 38a is a CGR CO ₂ condensate, 39 Is a drainage pump, and 39a is a CGR CO ₂ condensate pump.
[0018]
Reference numeral 41 denotes a starting oxygen gas generator, 42 denotes an oxidizer pipe, 43 denotes a branch pipe, 44 denotes a liquid amount adjusting valve, 45 denotes a bypass valve, and 46 and 47 denote valves.
51 is a CO ₂ cylinder, 52 to 54 are open / close valves, 55 and 62 are atmospheric discharge pipes, 56, 61 and 63 are open / close valves (release valves), and 60 is a non-condensable gas discharge pipe of the CO ₂ condenser 37. is there.
[0019]
Next, the operation of the high pressure spray combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described in detail. Fuel oil 4 such as light oil and kerosene in the fuel tank 2 is pressurized by a fuel supply pump 3 and supplied to a two-fluid sprayer 5 provided on the upper portion of the high-pressure combustor 1, and high-pressure steam 32 is supplied to the same two-fluid. The fuel oil 4 is sprayed onto the high-pressure combustor 1 by being supplied to the sprayer 5.
On the other hand, the oxidizing agent 13 of liquid oxygen, etc. sends out through the oxidizer tank 11 → oxidizer supply pump 12, CO for some CGR of CO ₂ condensate 38 exiting the CO ₂ condenser 37 ₂ condensate 38a Is sent as a combustion exhaust gas recirculation gas to the oxidant supply system via the branch pipe on the outlet side of the CO ₂ condenser 37 → CGR CO ₂ condensate pump 39a. generator (O ₂ / CGR mixed gas generator) is supplied as the O ₂ / CGR mixture 13a to 14a.
[0020]
The O ₂ / CGR mixed solution 13a evaporates in the mixed gas generator 14a to become an O ₂ / CGR mixed gas 16, and is then supplied to the high pressure combustor 1.
Further, most of the oxygen gas which has become a non-condensed component in the CO ₂ condenser 37 and a small amount of oxygen gas are transferred to the CO ₂ condenser 37 → the non-condensable gas discharge pipe 60 → the on-off valve 61 → the oxidant tank 11. Exhausted.
[0021]
After the operation is completed, the gas remaining in the oxidant tank 11 is released to the atmosphere via the atmosphere release pipe 62 → the on-off valve 63.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
After the high-pressure spray combustion apparatus of the present invention obtained by raising the pump CO ₂ condensate leaving the CO ₂ condenser as described above, since the recirculated, without using a special CGR fan, CGR for C0 ₂ The gas pressure can be set high. At the same time, the pressure of the oxidizer can be set high. As a result, the momentum of the 0 ₂ / CGR mixed gas supplied to the high-pressure combustor can be increased, and oxygen can be diffused into the combustion gas in the high-pressure combustor. Can be. At the same time, the amount of oxygen gas required for combustion can be reduced, and even if the oxygen (excess oxygen) concentration in the combustion exhaust gas is lowered, the deterioration of combustion is not caused and the amount of oxidant to be mounted can be reduced as much as possible. . Moreover, the partial pressure of the non-condensable gas in the CO ₂ condenser can be suppressed as much as possible, and deterioration of the condensation performance of the CO ₂ condenser due to the non-condensable gas can be prevented. Also provided by connecting the the oxidizer tank CO ₂ condenser, to release the non-condensable gas remaining in the CO ₂ condenser to the oxidant tank as much as possible the noncondensable gas partial pressure in CO ₂ condenser it can be suppressed, thereby preventing degradation in performance of the CO ₂ condenser according noncondensable gas.
[0023]
For the above reasons, compared with the conventional high-pressure spray combustion apparatus, high-efficiency operation can be performed despite the low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a high-pressure spray combustion apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a conventional high-pressure spray combustion apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 high pressure combustor 2 fuel tank 3 fuel supply pump 4 fuel oil 5 two-fluid sprayer 7 flue gas 11 oxidizer tank 12 oxidizing agent supply pump 13 oxidizing agent 13a O ₂ / CGR mixture 14a mixed gas generator (0 ₂ / CGR Mixed gas generator)
16 Mixed gas 17 Mixed gas supply line 21 Seawater 22 Cooling water cooler 23 Stirling engine 24 Generator 31 Steam generator 32 Steam 34 H ₂ O condenser 35 H ₂ O circulation pump 37 CO ₂ condenser 38 CO ₂ condensate 38a CGR CO ₂ condensate 39 Drain pump 39a CGR CO ₂ condensate pump 41 Start-up oxygen gas generator 42 Oxidant line 43 Branch line 44 Flow control valve 45 Bypass valves 46, 47 Valve 51 CO ₂ pump 52 -54 Open / close valve 55, 62 Atmospheric discharge pipe 56, 61, 63 Open / close valve (release valve)
60 Non-condensable gas discharge line

Claims (1)

A high-pressure combustor, a two-fluid sprayer that sprays fuel oil in the high-pressure combustor with a spray medium, a part of the combustion exhaust gas generated in the high-pressure combustor and oxygen generated by heating the oxidant with the combustion exhaust gas and a are mixed mixed gas supply conduit for supplying to the high-pressure combustor gas, and H _{2 O} condenser by cooling the flue gas to condense water vapor in the flue gas, the flue gas further A CO ₂ condenser that cools and condenses carbon dioxide in the combustion exhaust gas, a steam generator that heats and vaporizes a portion of the water condensed in the H ₂ O condenser, and the steam generation A spray medium supply line for supplying water vapor generated by the apparatus to the above two-fluid sprayer as a spray medium, an oxygen gas generator for activation that generates oxygen gas by heating oxidant by sensible heat of water, and for the activation Oxygen gas In a high-pressure spray combustion apparatus the generated oxygen gas comprises an oxygen gas supply means for supplying to the mixed gas supply line and the atomizing medium supply line in the raw device, remains in a liquid state a part of the CO ₂ condensate A CO ₂ condensate supply line to be mixed with the oxidant at the same time, a mixed gas generator for heating and vaporizing the mixed liquid, and an introduction pipe for introducing the non-condensable gas in the CO ₂ condenser into the oxidant tank A high-pressure spray combustion apparatus comprising a passage and a discharge pipe for discharging a residual gas component in the oxidant tank.

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