Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP3689538B2 - Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP3689538B2 - Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor - Google Patents

Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3689538B2
JP3689538B2 JP24714597A JP24714597A JP3689538B2 JP 3689538 B2 JP3689538 B2 JP 3689538B2 JP 24714597 A JP24714597 A JP 24714597A JP 24714597 A JP24714597 A JP 24714597A JP 3689538 B2 JP3689538 B2 JP 3689538B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
double layer
electric double
layer capacitor
electrolyte
carbonate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP24714597A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH11214269A (en
Inventor
田 聡 子 三
池 恒 明 小
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsui Chemicals Inc
Panasonic Corp
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsui Chemicals Inc
Panasonic Corp
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsui Chemicals Inc, Panasonic Corp, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsui Chemicals Inc
Priority to JP24714597A priority Critical patent/JP3689538B2/en
Priority to SG1998003603A priority patent/SG65094A1/en
Priority to TW087115106A priority patent/TW400660B/en
Priority to KR1019980037328A priority patent/KR100279521B1/en
Priority to CN98119167A priority patent/CN1211053A/en
Priority to US09/151,663 priority patent/US6315918B1/en
Priority to EP98307367A priority patent/EP0908905A3/en
Publication of JPH11214269A publication Critical patent/JPH11214269A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3689538B2 publication Critical patent/JP3689538B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54Electrolytes
    • H01G11/58Liquid electrolytes
    • H01G11/62Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の技術分野】
本発明は、環状炭酸エステルを含む電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液に関し、さらに詳しくは、エネルギー密度が高く、耐電圧および充放電サイクル特性に優れた電気二重層コンデンサを提供しうる非水電解液に関する。
【0002】
【発明の技術的背景】
従来、ICやメモリのバックアップ電源、二次電池の補助・代替用として、電池とコンデンサとの中間の容量をもつ電気二重層コンデンサは小電力の直流電源として広く使用されている。しかし、近年、カメラ一体型VTR、携帯電話、ラップトップコンピュータ等の新しいポータブル電子機器が次々出現する中、このようなポータブル電子機器のさらなる機能向上を達成するため、バックアップ電源、二次電池の補助・代替などの用途に用いられていた電気二重層コンデンサに対して、高エネルギー密度化が要求されている。
【0003】
この電気二重層コンデンサは、蓄電池のように化学変化を電気エネルギーに変換するものではなく、電極と電解液との界面に生じる電気二重層の大きな容量を利用し、この二重層の電荷を電池の充放電と同じように出し入れするものである。このような電気二重層コンデンサの構成は、通常耐食性の電解液を使用し、活性炭のような表面積の大きな材料とフッ素樹脂などの結着剤とで成形した2枚の電極が、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン製の多孔性セパレータを介して、対向するように配置されている。
【0004】
このような電気二重層コンデンサの電解液としては、水溶液系電解液と有機溶媒系電解液(非水電解液)が用いられている。しかしながら、水溶液系電解液は、耐電圧が低く(約1.2V)、高エネルギー密度の電気二重層コンデンサを得るのが難しいという問題があった。
【0005】
これに対し、有機溶媒系電解液(非水電解液)は、水溶液系電解液に比べ、耐電圧が高いので、高エネルギー密度のコンデンサを得ることが可能であり、このため、非水電解液を用いた電気二重層コンデンサは、民生用電子機器のバックアップ電源として急速に普及し始めている。
【0006】
このような非水電解液としては、一般に高誘電率の溶媒である炭酸プロピレン、γ-ブチロラクトンなどの非水溶媒に4フッ化ほう酸4エチルアンモニウムなどの電解質を混合したものが用いられている。
【0007】
しかしながら、上記のような電解液では、電気伝導性が低いため、コンデンサの内部抵抗が増大し、高出力のコンデンサが得られないという問題があった。また、今後の大幅な高エネルギー密度化がなされた場合には、上記電解液では耐電圧が不充分な場合もあり、より充放電サイクル特性に優れた非水電解液の出現が望まれていた。
【0008】
【発明の目的】
本発明は、上記のような従来技術に伴う問題点を解決しようとするものであって、耐電圧および充放電サイクル特性に優れ、安全性に優れた非水電解液を提供することを目的としている。
【0009】
【発明の概要】
本発明に係る電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液は、下記式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルを含有する電解質溶媒と電解質とからなることを特徴としている。
【0010】
【化2】

Figure 0003689538
【0011】
(式中、R1、R2、R3およびR4は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数2〜4の不飽和炭化水素基または炭素数6〜12のアリール基であり、R1〜R4の少なくとも1つが炭素数2〜4の不飽和炭化水素基である。)
前記式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルは、R1がCH=CH2であることが好ましく、さらに、R1がCH=CH2であり、R3がCH=CH2または水素原子であり、R2およびR4が水素原子であることが好ましい。
【0012】
また、上記電解質溶媒は、式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルと他の炭酸エステルとの混合溶媒であることが好ましい。
本発明に係る電気二重層コンデンサは、上記の電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液を用いることを特徴としている。
【0013】
【発明の具体的説明】
以下、本発明に係る電解液について具体的に説明する。
電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液
本発明に係る非水電解液は、下記式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルを含有する電解質溶媒と電解質とからなる。
【0014】
環状炭酸エステル
まず式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルについて説明する。
【0015】
【化3】
Figure 0003689538
【0016】
式中、R1、R2、R3およびR4は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数2〜4の不飽和炭化水素基または炭素数6〜12のアリール基であり、R1〜R4の少なくとも1つが炭素数2〜4の不飽和炭化水素基である。
【0017】
このような環状炭酸エステルとしては、具体的に、4-ビニルエチレンカーボネート、4,5-ジビニルエチレンカーボネート、4-メチル-4-ビニルエチレンカーボネート、4-ビニル-5-メチルエチレンカーボネート、4-(1',3'-ブタジエニル)エチレンカーボネート、4-(2',2'-ジメチル)ビニルエチレンカーボネートなどが挙げられる。
【0018】
本発明では上記式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルは、R1がCH=CH2であることが好ましく、特に、R1がCH=CH2であり、R3がCH=CH2または水素原子であり、R2およびR4が水素原子である4-ビニルエチレンカーボネート、4,5-ジビニルエチレンカーボネートが好ましい。
【0019】
このような式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルは、耐酸性に優れ、かつ空気中に放置しても酸化されることもなく、かつ化学的に安定で、通常の保存状態で水と反応したり、金属リチウムのような反応性の高い物質と反応することもない。さらに、このような環状炭酸エステルは、物理的に安全で、熱分解されにくく、難燃性で電気化学的な酸化・還元を受けにくいという特性を有している。
【0020】
したがって、このような環状炭酸エステルは、コンデンサ、電池、電気化学反応等の電解液用の溶媒として好適に用いることができる。また、電解液以外に、医農薬、アクリル繊維加工剤、高分子化合物溶剤、有機中間原料としても好適に用いることができる。
【0021】
電解質溶媒
本発明では、電解質溶媒として、上記の環状炭酸エステルを含む溶媒が用いられる。このような電解質溶媒は、上記環状炭酸エステルの単独溶媒であっても、また他の溶媒との混合溶媒であってもよい。
【0022】
他の溶媒としては、
エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、ブチレンカーボネート、ビニレンカーボネートなどの環状炭酸エステル、
ジメチルカーボネート、メチルエチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、メチルプロピルカーボネート、メチルイソプロピルカーボネートなどの鎖状炭酸エステル、
γ-ブチロラクトン、γ-バレロラクトン、3-メチル-γ-ブチロラクトン、2-メチル-γ-ブチロラクトンなどの環状エステル、
蟻酸メチル、蟻酸エチル、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸プロピル、プロピオン酸メチル、酪酸メチル、吉草酸メチルなどの鎖状エステル、
1,4-ジオキサン、1,3-ジオキソラン、テトラヒドロフラン、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン、3-メチル-1,3-ジオキソラン、2-メチル-1,3-ジオキソランなどの環状エーテル、
1,2-ジメトキシエタン、1,2-ジエトキシエタン、ジエチルエーテル、ジメチルエーテル、メチルエチルエーテル、ジプロピルエーテルなどの鎖状エーテル、
スルホランなどのような含イオウ化合物、
リン酸トリメチルなどのリン酸エステルを挙げることができる。
【0023】
また、環状炭酸エステルとして、上記例示の環状炭酸エステルの他に、特開平9−63644号公報に記載されたハロゲン原子置換アルキルを有する環状炭酸エステルを用いることができる。このような環状炭酸エステルとしては、モノフルオロメチルエチレンカーボネート、ジフルオロメチルエチレンカーボネート、トリフルオロメチルエチレンカーボネートなどが挙げられる。
【0024】
これらの溶媒は、1種または2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
本発明において、電解質溶媒として、式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルと他の溶媒との混合溶媒を使用する場合、式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルと上記のような鎖状炭酸エステルまたは環状炭酸エステルとの混合溶媒が好ましい。このような電解質溶媒では、式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルは、電解質溶媒総量に対して、10容量%以上、好ましくは30容量%以上、特に50容量%以上の量で含まれていることが望ましい。
【0025】
電解質
本発明に係る電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液中に含まれる電解質としては、具体的に、
4フッ化ほう酸4ブチルアンモニウム((C49)4NBF4)、4フッ化ほう酸4エチルアンモニウム((C25)4NBF4)、6フッ化リン酸4ブチルアンモニウム((C49)4NPF6)、6フッ化リン酸4エチルアンモニウム((C25)4NPF6)等のアンモニウム塩、4フッ化ほう酸4ブチルホスホニウム((C49)4PBF4)、4フッ化ほう酸4エチルホスホニウム((C25)4PBF4)、6フッ化リン酸4ブチルホスホニウム((C49)4PPF6)、6フッ化リン酸4エチルホスホニウム((C25)4PPF6)等のホスホニウム塩などの通常電気二重層コンデンサ用電解液に用いられる電解質が挙げられる。これらの電解質は、1種または2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
【0026】
これらのうち、(C49)4NBF4、(C25)4NBF4が好ましく使用される。
このような電解質は、電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液中に、通常0.1〜3モル/リットル、好ましくは、0.5〜1.5モル/リットルの量で含まれていることが望ましい。
【0027】
本発明に係る電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液は、上記式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルを含んでいるため、耐電圧が高く、充放電サイクル特性に優れている。また、本発明に係る非水電解液は、従来電解液に用いられている1,3-ジオキソラン、テトラヒドロフラン、1,2-ジエトキシエタンなどの溶媒よりも、引火点が高く、安全性に優れている。
【0028】
このため、本発明に係る電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液を用いると、安全で、耐電圧が高く、充放電サイクル特性に優れた電気二重層コンデンサを得ることができる。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係る非水電解液は、耐電圧が高く、安全性、充放電サイクル特性に優れている。
【0030】
特に、本発明に係る非水電解液を用いて電気二重層コンデンサを形成すると、高電圧を発生することができ、充放電サイクル特性に優れ、かつエネルギー密度が高い電気二重層コンデンサを得ることができる。
【0031】
【実施例】
以下、本発明について実施例に基づいてさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は、これら実施例により何等限定されるものではない。
【0032】
【実施例1】
4-ビニルエチレンカーボネートに4フッ化ほう酸4エチルアンモニウム((C25)4NBF4)2.71g(0.0125モル)を溶解し、25ミリリットルの電解液を調製した(電解質濃度0.5モル/リットル)。
【0033】
得られた電解液について耐電圧を測定した。
耐電圧
作用極および対極にグラッシィカーボン電極を使用し、参照極にAg/Ag+電極を使用した3極式耐電圧測定セルに上記電解液を入れ、ポテンショガルバノスタットで10mV/secで電位を掃引し、Ag/Ag+電極を基準として酸化還元分解電流が1μA以上流れなかった範囲を耐電圧とした。
【0034】
結果を表1に示す。
【0035】
【実施例2】
実施例1において、4-ビニルエチレンカーボネートの代わりに、4,5-ジビニルエチレンカーボネートを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして電解液を調製し、評価した。
【0036】
結果を表1に示す。
【0037】
【比較例1】
実施例1において、4-ビニルエチレンカーボネートの代わりに、プロピレンカーボネートを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして電解液を調製し、評価した。
【0038】
結果を表1に示す。
【0039】
【表1】
Figure 0003689538
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte for an electric double layer capacitor containing a cyclic carbonate, and more specifically, a non-aqueous electrolysis that can provide an electric double layer capacitor having a high energy density and excellent withstand voltage and charge / discharge cycle characteristics. Regarding liquids.
[0002]
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electric double layer capacitor having an intermediate capacity between a battery and a capacitor has been widely used as a low-power DC power source as a backup power source for ICs and memories and as a secondary battery auxiliary / substitute. However, in recent years, new portable electronic devices such as camera-integrated VTRs, mobile phones, laptop computers and the like have appeared one after another, and in order to achieve further functional improvements of such portable electronic devices, backup power supplies and secondary battery auxiliary -Higher energy density is required for electric double layer capacitors that have been used for alternative applications.
[0003]
This electric double layer capacitor does not convert chemical changes into electric energy like a storage battery, but utilizes the large capacity of the electric double layer generated at the interface between the electrode and the electrolyte, and the electric charge of this double layer is transferred to the battery. It is the same as charging / discharging. Such an electric double layer capacitor has a structure in which two electrodes formed of a material having a large surface area such as activated carbon and a binder such as a fluororesin are usually made of polyethylene or polypropylene using a corrosion-resistant electrolyte. It arrange | positions so that it may oppose through the porous separator.
[0004]
As an electrolytic solution of such an electric double layer capacitor, an aqueous electrolytic solution and an organic solvent electrolytic solution (nonaqueous electrolytic solution) are used. However, the aqueous electrolyte has a problem that the withstand voltage is low (about 1.2 V) and it is difficult to obtain an electric double layer capacitor having a high energy density.
[0005]
On the other hand, the organic solvent electrolyte (non-aqueous electrolyte) has a higher withstand voltage than the aqueous electrolyte, and thus a high energy density capacitor can be obtained. The electric double layer capacitor using the capacitor is rapidly spreading as a backup power source for consumer electronic devices.
[0006]
As such a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, a mixture of an electrolyte such as tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate with a nonaqueous solvent such as propylene carbonate or γ-butyrolactone, which is a high dielectric constant solvent, is generally used.
[0007]
However, the above-described electrolyte has a problem in that since the electrical conductivity is low, the internal resistance of the capacitor increases, and a high output capacitor cannot be obtained. In addition, when the energy density is greatly increased in the future, the withstand voltage of the above electrolyte may be insufficient, and the appearance of a nonaqueous electrolyte with better charge / discharge cycle characteristics has been desired. .
[0008]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is intended to solve the problems associated with the prior art as described above, and an object thereof is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte having excellent withstand voltage and charge / discharge cycle characteristics and excellent safety. Yes.
[0009]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitors according to the present invention is characterized by comprising an electrolyte solvent containing a cyclic carbonate represented by the following formula (I) and an electrolyte.
[0010]
[Chemical formula 2]
Figure 0003689538
[0011]
Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or carbon. (It is an aryl group having 6 to 12 and at least one of R 1 to R 4 is an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.)
In the cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (I), R 1 is preferably CH═CH 2 , R 1 is CH═CH 2 , R 3 is CH═CH 2 or a hydrogen atom. And R 2 and R 4 are preferably hydrogen atoms.
[0012]
The electrolyte solvent is preferably a mixed solvent of a cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (I) and another carbonate.
The electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention is characterized by using the above-described non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitors.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the electrolytic solution according to the present invention will be specifically described.
Nonaqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor The nonaqueous electrolyte according to the present invention comprises an electrolyte solvent containing a cyclic carbonate represented by the following formula (I) and an electrolyte.
[0014]
Cyclic carbonate First, the cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (I) will be described.
[0015]
[Chemical 3]
Figure 0003689538
[0016]
In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different, and are a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, or a carbon number. 6 to 12 aryl group, at least one of R 1 to R 4 is a unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
[0017]
Specific examples of such cyclic carbonates include 4-vinylethylene carbonate, 4,5-divinylethylene carbonate, 4-methyl-4-vinylethylene carbonate, 4-vinyl-5-methylethylene carbonate, 4- ( Examples include 1 ′, 3′-butadienyl) ethylene carbonate, 4- (2 ′, 2′-dimethyl) vinylethylene carbonate, and the like.
[0018]
In the present invention, in the cyclic carbonate represented by the above formula (I), R 1 is preferably CH═CH 2 , in particular, R 1 is CH═CH 2 and R 3 is CH═CH 2 or 4-vinylethylene carbonate and 4,5-divinylethylene carbonate, which are hydrogen atoms and R 2 and R 4 are hydrogen atoms, are preferred.
[0019]
Such a cyclic ester carbonate represented by the formula (I) is excellent in acid resistance, is not oxidized when left in the air, is chemically stable, and is water-stable under normal storage conditions. It does not react or react with highly reactive substances such as metallic lithium. Furthermore, such cyclic carbonates have the characteristics that they are physically safe, hardly decomposed thermally, are flame retardant, and are not susceptible to electrochemical oxidation / reduction.
[0020]
Accordingly, such a cyclic carbonate can be suitably used as a solvent for an electrolytic solution for capacitors, batteries, electrochemical reactions, and the like. In addition to the electrolytic solution, it can also be suitably used as medical pesticides, acrylic fiber processing agents, polymer compound solvents, and organic intermediate materials.
[0021]
Electrolyte solvent In the present invention, a solvent containing the above cyclic carbonate is used as the electrolyte solvent. Such an electrolyte solvent may be a single solvent of the above cyclic carbonate or a mixed solvent with other solvents.
[0022]
Other solvents include
Cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate,
Chain carbonate esters such as dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, methyl isopropyl carbonate,
cyclic esters such as γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, 3-methyl-γ-butyrolactone, 2-methyl-γ-butyrolactone,
Chain esters such as methyl formate, ethyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, methyl butyrate, methyl valerate,
Cyclic ethers such as 1,4-dioxane, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 3-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane,
Chain ethers such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane, diethyl ether, dimethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, dipropyl ether,
Sulfur-containing compounds such as sulfolane,
Mention may be made of phosphate esters such as trimethyl phosphate.
[0023]
In addition to the cyclic carbonates exemplified above, cyclic carbonates having a halogen atom-substituted alkyl described in JP-A-9-63644 can be used as the cyclic carbonate. Examples of such cyclic carbonates include monofluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, difluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, and the like.
[0024]
These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
In the present invention, when a mixed solvent of the cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (I) and another solvent is used as the electrolyte solvent, the cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (I) and the chain as described above are used. A mixed solvent with a carbonate ester or a cyclic carbonate ester is preferred. In such an electrolyte solvent, the cyclic ester carbonate represented by the formula (I) is contained in an amount of 10% by volume or more, preferably 30% by volume or more, particularly 50% by volume or more based on the total amount of the electrolyte solvent. It is desirable.
[0025]
Electrolyte As the electrolyte contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, specifically,
4-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate ((C 4 H 9 ) 4 NBF 4 ), 4-ethylammonium tetrafluoroborate ((C 2 H 5 ) 4 NBF 4 ), 4-butylammonium hexafluorophosphate ((C 4 H 9 ) 4 NPF 6 ), ammonium salts such as tetraethylammonium hexafluorophosphate ((C 2 H 5 ) 4 NPF 6 ), 4-butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate ((C 4 H 9 ) 4 PBF 4 ) 4-ethylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate ((C 2 H 5 ) 4 PBF 4 ), 4-butylphosphonium hexafluorophosphate ((C 4 H 9 ) 4 PPF 6 ), 4-ethylphosphonium hexafluorophosphate (( Examples thereof include electrolytes that are usually used in electrolytic solutions for electric double layer capacitors such as phosphonium salts such as C 2 H 5 ) 4 PPF 6 ). These electrolytes can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0026]
Of these, (C 4 H 9 ) 4 NBF 4 and (C 2 H 5 ) 4 NBF 4 are preferably used.
Such an electrolyte is usually contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte for an electric double layer capacitor in an amount of 0.1 to 3 mol / liter, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mol / liter. desirable.
[0027]
Since the non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitors according to the present invention contains the cyclic carbonate represented by the above formula (I), the withstand voltage is high and the charge / discharge cycle characteristics are excellent. In addition, the nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to the present invention has a higher flash point and superior safety than solvents such as 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, and 1,2-diethoxyethane conventionally used in electrolytic solutions. ing.
[0028]
For this reason, when the non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitors according to the present invention is used, an electric double layer capacitor that is safe, has a high withstand voltage, and is excellent in charge / discharge cycle characteristics can be obtained.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
The non-aqueous electrolyte according to the present invention has a high withstand voltage and is excellent in safety and charge / discharge cycle characteristics.
[0030]
In particular, when an electric double layer capacitor is formed using the non-aqueous electrolyte according to the present invention, a high voltage can be generated, and an electric double layer capacitor having excellent charge / discharge cycle characteristics and high energy density can be obtained. it can.
[0031]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further more concretely based on an Example, this invention is not limited at all by these Examples.
[0032]
[Example 1]
In 4-vinylethylene carbonate, 2.71 g (0.0125 mol) of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate ((C 2 H 5 ) 4 NBF 4 ) was dissolved to prepare 25 ml of an electrolyte (electrolyte concentration of 0.1). 5 mol / liter).
[0033]
The withstand voltage of the obtained electrolyte was measured.
Using the glassy I carbon electrode withstand voltage <br/> working electrode and the counter electrode, placed above the electrolyte in the reference electrode in the tripolar withstand voltage measuring cell using Ag / Ag + electrode, 10 mV at potentiogalvanostat / The potential was swept in sec, and the withstand voltage was defined as the range in which the oxidation-reduction decomposition current did not flow 1 μA or more with respect to the Ag / Ag + electrode.
[0034]
The results are shown in Table 1.
[0035]
[Example 2]
In Example 1, an electrolytic solution was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4,5-divinylethylene carbonate was used instead of 4-vinylethylene carbonate.
[0036]
The results are shown in Table 1.
[0037]
[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, an electrolytic solution was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that propylene carbonate was used instead of 4-vinylethylene carbonate.
[0038]
The results are shown in Table 1.
[0039]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003689538

Claims (5)

下記式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルを含有する電解質溶媒と電解質とからなることを特徴とする電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液。
Figure 0003689538
(式中、R1、R2、R3およびR4は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、炭素数2〜4の不飽和炭化水素基または炭素数6〜12のアリール基であり、R1〜R4の少なくとも1つが炭素数2〜4の不飽和炭化水素基である。)
A nonaqueous electrolytic solution for an electric double layer capacitor, comprising an electrolyte solvent containing a cyclic carbonate represented by the following formula (I) and an electrolyte.
Figure 0003689538
(In formula, R < 1 >, R < 2 >, R < 3 > and R < 4 > may be the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C2-C4 unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or carbon. (It is an aryl group having 6 to 12 and at least one of R 1 to R 4 is an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.)
前記式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルのR1がCH=CH2であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液。 2. The non-aqueous electrolyte for an electric double layer capacitor according to claim 1, wherein R 1 of the cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (I) is CH═CH 2 . 前記式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルのR1がCH=CH2であり、R3がCH=CH2または水素原子であり、R2およびR4が水素原子であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液。In the cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (I), R 1 is CH═CH 2 , R 3 is CH═CH 2 or a hydrogen atom, and R 2 and R 4 are hydrogen atoms, The non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitors according to claim 1 or 2. 電解質溶媒が、式(I)で表される環状炭酸エステルと他の炭酸エステルとの混合溶媒であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液。The electrolyte solvent is a mixed solvent of a cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (I) and another carbonate ester, non-aqueous electrolysis for electric double layer capacitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 liquid. 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の電気二重層コンデンサ用非水電解液を用いることを特徴とする電気二重層コンデンサ。An electric double layer capacitor using the non-aqueous electrolyte for an electric double layer capacitor according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
JP24714597A 1997-09-11 1997-09-11 Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor Expired - Lifetime JP3689538B2 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP24714597A JP3689538B2 (en) 1997-09-11 1997-09-11 Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor
TW087115106A TW400660B (en) 1997-09-11 1998-09-10 Non-aqueous electrolytic solution for capacitor and capacitor containing non-aqueous electrolytic solution
KR1019980037328A KR100279521B1 (en) 1997-09-11 1998-09-10 Non-aqueous electrolytic solution for capacitors and capacitors containing the same
SG1998003603A SG65094A1 (en) 1997-09-11 1998-09-10 Non-aqueous electrolytic solution for capacitor and capacitor containing non-aqueous electrolytic solution
CN98119167A CN1211053A (en) 1997-09-11 1998-09-11 Non-aqueous electrolytic solution for capacitor and capacitor containing non-aqueous electrolytic solution
US09/151,663 US6315918B1 (en) 1997-09-11 1998-09-11 Non-aqueous electrolytic solution for capacitor and capacitor containing non-aqueous electrolytic solution
EP98307367A EP0908905A3 (en) 1997-09-11 1998-09-11 Non-aqueous electrolytic solution for capacitor and capacitor containing non-aqueous electrolytic solution

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP24714597A JP3689538B2 (en) 1997-09-11 1997-09-11 Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11214269A JPH11214269A (en) 1999-08-06
JP3689538B2 true JP3689538B2 (en) 2005-08-31

Family

ID=17159110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP24714597A Expired - Lifetime JP3689538B2 (en) 1997-09-11 1997-09-11 Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3689538B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1167165C (en) * 2000-04-11 2004-09-15 松下电器产业株式会社 Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and manufacturing method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11214269A (en) 1999-08-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6315918B1 (en) Non-aqueous electrolytic solution for capacitor and capacitor containing non-aqueous electrolytic solution
JP4802243B2 (en) Electrolytic solution additive and electrolytic solution
TWI257726B (en) Overcharge protection for electrochemical cells
CN101587777B (en) Difunctional electrolyte and preparation method thereof
JPH10233345A (en) Nonaqueous electrolytic solution
EP1088317B1 (en) Novel electrolytes for electrochemical double layer capacitors
US6185089B1 (en) Electrolytic solution for capacitor and capacitor
Ebina et al. Use of tetraethylammonium bis (oxalato) borate as electrolyte for electrical double-layer capacitors
JP3793905B2 (en) Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor
JP2000091162A (en) Non-aqueous electrolyte for capacitors and capacitors using non-aqueous electrolyte
JP3689538B2 (en) Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor
JP2001052965A (en) Non-aqueous electrolyte for capacitor, electrode, and capacitor using the same
JP3689542B2 (en) Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor and non-aqueous electric double layer capacitor
CN108232295B (en) Ionic liquid-based electrolyte for lithium-air battery and lithium-air battery system thereof
JP2006190618A (en) Ionic liquid composition and electrochemical device comprising the same
US11177079B2 (en) Aqueous electrolyte and pseudocapacitor comprising same
JP2006196390A (en) Ionic liquid composition and electrochemical device using the same
JP2002222740A (en) Nonaqueous electrolyte for capacitor
JP3853529B2 (en) Electrolyte for capacitor and capacitor
EP1195785A1 (en) Nonaqueous electrolytic solution, electrode, and capacitor containing the same
JP2000091161A (en) Electrolyte for capacitors and capacitors
JPH11238652A (en) Nonaqueous electrolytic solution for electric double-layered capacitor and nonaqueous electric double-layered capacitor
JPH11354385A (en) Nonaqueous electrolytic liquid for capacitor and capacitor using the same
JPH10321479A (en) Non-aqueous electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor, and non-aqueous electrolytic double layer capacitor
JPH1187184A (en) Non aqueous electrical double-layer capacitor and non-aqueous electrolyte therefor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20050302

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20050517

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20050613

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080617

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090617

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090617

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100617

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100617

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110617

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110617

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120617

Year of fee payment: 7

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120617

Year of fee payment: 7

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130617

Year of fee payment: 8

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

EXPY Cancellation because of completion of term