JP3694155B2

JP3694155B2 - Optical transceiver

Info

Publication number: JP3694155B2
Application number: JP27801297A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 正良加藤
Original assignee: Ricoh Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ricoh Co Ltd
Priority date: 1996-10-14
Filing date: 1997-09-26
Publication date: 2005-09-14
Anticipated expiration: 2017-09-26
Also published as: JPH10178393A

Description

【０００１】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は，光無線ＬＡＮや光インターコネクションなど，たとえば，オフィス空間に分散・配置されたパーソナルコンピュータなどの情報機器間における情報の伝送を光信号により行うシステムに利用され，光信号の送信および受信を相互に行う光送受信装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
近年，情報機器の普及に伴い，オフィス内に分散された複数の情報機器間のデータ伝送を光通信を介して行う，いわゆる室内光無線ＬＡＮシステムの需要が増加している。
【０００３】
上記システムに利用される光送受信装置として，たとえば特開平４−９８９１４号公報に開示されている『光送受信装置』が知られている。これは図２０および図２１に示すように，発光素子２００１が配設された送光ユニット２００２と，受光素子２００３が配設された受光ユニット２００４と，送光ユニット２００２および受光ユニット２００４との間に設けられた遮光板２００５と，を備え，装置自体の小型化および送光部分と受光部分との信号干渉を回避させた構造となっている。
【０００４】
また，他の光送受信装置として，１９９５年電子情報通信学会総合大会Ｂ−４９０に開示されている。ここでは，図２２に示すように，垂直方向と複数の周辺方向とを向いたビームを発する送信器２２０１を設け，受信器２２０２は垂直方向を指向し，広範囲の照射と一部分からの反射光を受信することにより，アライメントフリーな構成を実現している。
【０００５】
さらに，他の光送受信装置が特開平８−３３１０５７号公報に開示されている。この装置の構成を図２３に示す。この公報における屋内用光空間伝送装置２３００は，ディジタル変調多重化器２３０２と，駆動回路２３０３と，発光素子２３０４とを有する送信系２３０１と，ディジタル分離復調器２３１１と，受光回路２３１２と，受光素子２３１３と，半球レンズ２３１４とを有する受信系２３１０とから構成されている。
【０００６】
この装置では，発光素子２３０４の光を変調して屋内空間に放射し，天井１や壁２などの屋内構造物で反射させた光を伝達させ，これを受光素子２３１３で受光することにより情報の伝送を行っている。さらに，発光素子２３０４から出射される光を散乱板などを介して放射させる構成により，眼に安全な出射光を得るようにしている。また，ここでは多値変調復調方式により，マルチパス化による符号間干渉を軽減している。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記図２０に示されるような従来の光送受信装置にあっては，送光ユニットと受光ユニットとの間に遮光板を設けることにより自己の信号を直接に受光することを回避できる利点があるものの，反面，所定の範囲を伝送品質を損なうことなく照射するにはある程度以上の個数の発光素子が必要となるため，コストおよび消費電力の上昇を招来させるという問題点があった。
【０００８】
また，上記図２２に示されるような従来の光送受信装置にあっては，アライメントフリーな構成が可能であるが，反面，広範囲な照明系がもたらす反射光のマルチパス化によりインパルス応答特性が劣化するため，高速化に対応できないという問題点があった。
【０００９】
さらに，上記図２３に示す装置にあっては，アライメントフリーな構成が可能である。しかしながら，広範囲な照明系がもたらす反射光のマルチパス化による符号間干渉による高速化を図るには，複雑な変復調方式を用いるため，コストアップを招来させ，かつ装置の小型化および低消費電力化を阻害していた。
【００１０】
本発明は，上記に鑑みてなされたものであって，経済的に小型化が可能で，かつ低消費電力を実現し，高速な光送受信装置を提供することを目的とする。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するために，請求項１に係る光送受信装置にあっては，ネットワーク上のホストコンピュータなどと接続したホスト側光送受信装置と，任意の位置に分散・配置された情報端末機器などに接続し，単数あるいは複数の端末側光送受信装置との間で，その情報の伝送を光信号を用いて送受信する光送受信装置において，前記ホスト側光送受信装置が，伝送情報に対応し，狭指向あるいは集光性を有する光信号を発する発光素子が配設された送光手段と，前記端末側光送受信装置からの光信号を受光する受光素子が配設された受光手段と，前記送光手段から投射された光信号を拡散・変換し，透過あるいは反射する光束変換面と，を備え，前記発光素子より前記光束変換面の所定位置に光信号を照射し，前記光束変換面上に前記端末側光送受信装置からみて二次光源を形成し，該二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たしており，該二次光源からの光を前記端末側光送受信装置に送るものである。
【００１２】
また，請求項２に係る光送受信装置にあっては，ネットワーク上のホストコンピュータなどと接続したホスト側光送受信装置と，任意の位置に分散・配置された情報端末機器などに接続し，単数あるいは複数の端末側光送受信装置との間で，その情報の伝送を光信号を用いて送受信する光送受信装置において，前記ホスト側光送受信装置が，平板上に拡散反射面を有し，光信号を拡散・反射する光束変換面と，前記光束変換面に対し，所定距離隔てた略平行な平面上に設けられ，前記端末側光送受信装置からの光信号を受光する受光素子が配設された受光手段と，前記受光手段と前記光束変換面との間の略平面上に略等間隔に配設され，伝送情報に対応し，狭指向あるいは集光性を有する光信号を発する複数の発光素子でなる送光手段と，を備え，前記発光素子より前記光束変換面の所定位置に光信号を照射し，前記光束変換面上に前記端末側光送受信装置からみて二次光源を形成し，該二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たしており，該二次光源からの光を前記端末側光送受信装置に送るものである。
【００１３】
すなわち，請求項１あるいは請求項２では，狭指向あるいは集光性を有する光信号が光束変換面にスポット照射すると，この照射された光を端末側光送受信装置からみた場合，二次光源が疑似的に光束変換面に配置され，二次光源から所定範囲に比較的なだらかな光量分布になるように光信号が照射されるので，上記範囲内においては端末側光送受信装置の位置によらず所望の受信光強度を保つことが可能となる。特に、二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たすことで，光信号間における干渉を軽減することが可能となる。
【００１４】
また，請求項３に係る光送受信装置にあっては，ネットワーク上のホストコンピュータなどと接続したホスト側光送受信装置と，任意の位置に分散・配置された情報端末機器などに接続し，単数あるいは複数の端末側光送受信装置との間で，その情報の伝送を光信号を用いて送受信する光送受信装置において，前記ホスト側光送受信装置が，伝送情報に対応し，狭指向あるいは集光性を有する光信号を発する発光素子が配設された送光手段と，前記端末側光送受信装置からの光信号を受光する受光素子が配設された受光手段と，前記送光手段の前面に設けられ，前記送光手段から投射された光信号を透過・拡散し，前記端末側光送受信装置に送る光束変換面と，を備え，前記発光素子より前記光束変換面の所定位置に光信号を照射し，前記光束変換面上に前記端末側光送受信装置からみて二次光源を形成し，該二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たしており，該二次光源からの光を前記端末側光送受信装置に送るものである。
【００１５】
すなわち，送光手段の前面に送光手段の光信号を透過・拡散する光束変換面を設けることにより，さらに小型化の促進が可能となる。特に、二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たすことで，光信号間における干渉を軽減することが可能となる。
【００１６】
また，請求項４に係る光送受信装置にあっては，ネットワーク上のホストコンピュータなどと接続したホスト側光送受信装置と，任意の位置に分散・配置された情報端末機器などに接続した端末側光送受信装置との間で，その情報の伝送を光信号を用いて送受信する光送受信装置において，前記ホスト側光送受信装置が，所定の高さを有する支持部材の上の略中央部分に前記端末側光送受信装置からの光信号を受光する受光素子が配設された受光手段と，伝送情報に対応し，狭指向あるいは集光性を有する光信号を略垂直方向に照射する発光素子が前記受光手段の周辺部分に略等間隔に配設された送光手段と，前記送光手段に対し，所定距離隔てた平面で，かつ該平面の限定された範囲内に前記発光素子からの光が照射される位置に設置され，前記送光手段から投射された光信号がスポット照射され，該照射光を前記端末側光送受信装置に送る光束変換面と，を備え，前記発光素子より前記光束変換面の所定位置に光信号を照射し，前記光束変換面上に前記端末側光送受信装置からみて二次光源を形成し，該二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たしており，該二次光源からの光を前記端末側光送受信装置に送るものである。
【００１７】
すなわち，たとえば室内天井など所定距離隔てた位置に設けられた光束変換面に対し，支持部材上に構成された光送受信装置から略垂直上方向に光信号を照射する構成としたので，天井へのＬＡＮケーブルなどの面倒な配線工事を省略することができ，経済的なシステムが実現する。特に、二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たすことで，光信号間における干渉を軽減することが可能となる。
【００１８】
また，請求項５に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記光束変換面の二次光源は，前記複数の発光素子の照射により形成されるものである。
【００１９】
すなわち，光束変換面上の１つの照射スポットを複数の発光素子が一対となって二次光源を形成するように構成することにより，十分な光量の二次光源が得られる。
【００２０】
また，請求項６に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記受光手段は，凸レンズと該凸レンズの焦点位置が受光面となるように半球レンズを一体化した受光素子により構成されるものである。
【００２１】
すなわち，半球レンズの光学特性を利用し，凸レンズの視野角の劣化を補正することにより，広い受光視野角における受光強度を確保することが可能になる。
【００２４】
また，請求項７に係る光送受信装置にあっては，ネットワーク上のホストコンピュータなどと接続したホスト側光送受信装置と，任意の位置に分散・配置された情報端末機器などに接続し，単数あるいは複数の端末側光送受信装置との間で，その情報の伝送を光信号を用いて送受信する光送受信装置において，前記ホスト側光送受信装置が，伝送情報に対応し，狭指向あるいは集光性を有する光信号を発する発光素子が配設された送光手段と，前記端末側光送受信装置からの光信号を受光する受光素子が配設された受光手段と，微小レンズ群で構成したレンズアレイを用い，前記送光手段からの光信号を波面変換し，前記端末側光送受信装置に投射する光束拡散手段と，を備えたものである。
【００２５】
すなわち，ホスト側光送受信装置が端末側光送受信装置に光信号を送る場合に，光束拡散手段により送光手段からの光信号を波面変換して投射することにより，光信号が拡散されるので，広範囲で，かつ均一な光照射が可能となる。
【００２６】
また，請求項８に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記光束拡散手段は，前記送光手段の発光素子の光軸近傍のレンズに対し，外側になるに従って焦点距離を長く設定したレンズアレイで構成するものである。
【００２７】
すなわち，発光素子に対し，より外側のレンズによる信号光の拡散過多を抑制し，所定の範囲内での照射光量を増加させることにより，端末側光送受信装置側の受光光量を確保する。
【００２８】
また，請求項９に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記光束拡散手段は，レンズアレイ部材が同一基板内に形成され，かつ前記基板の表面形状加工あるいは基板内部に所定の屈折率分布を形成してなるレンズアレイ基板を用いるものである。
【００２９】
すなわち，レンズアレイ部材を同一基板内に形成し，かつ基板の表面形状加工あるいは基板内部に所定の屈折率分布を形成してなるレンズアレイ基板を用いることにより，生産性に優れたレンズアレイを経済的に得ることが可能となる。
【００３０】
また，請求項１０に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記光束拡散手段が，レンズアレイを形成する基板が熱伝導性の高い材料の反射型のレンズアレイで構成され，前記光束拡散手段を，前記送光手段の発光素子を駆動，および前記受光手段の受光信号を処理する信号処理回路部品に対して全部／一部を接触させるものである。
【００３１】
すなわち，レンズアレイを熱伝導性の高い材料の反射型とし，これを信号処理回路部品に対して全部あるいは一部を接触させて取り付けることにより，信号処理回路部品が発する熱を積極的に放熱することが可能となる。
【００３２】
また，請求項１１に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記光束拡散手段は，前記受光手段が受光する光を集光する集光レンズを一体的に構成したものである。
【００３３】
すなわち，端末側光送受信装置から送られる光信号を受光するための集光レンズを，光拡散用のレンズアレイと一体化することにより，集光レンズを別個に設ける必要がなくなる。
【００３４】
また，請求項１２に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記光束拡散手段は，レンズアレイを構成するレンズ群と，該レンズ群以外の部分に光を散乱する光散乱手段を有しているものである。
【００３５】
すなわち，レンズアレイのレンズ群の間の領域を発光素子からの投射光を散乱するための手段，たとえば微小凹凸を表面に形成して設けることにより，レンズ群による拡散効果に加え，レンズ群以外を透過する投射光を散乱させることが可能となる。
【００３６】
また，請求項１３に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記光束拡散手段は，前記送光手段の発光素子と対応するレンズとの光軸を略一致させ，所定の曲率を有する曲面形状に配置したものである。
【００３７】
すなわち，発光素子と対応するレンズとの光軸を略一致させて曲面形状のレンズアレイを形成することにより，平板のレンズアレイと比べて，発光素子の光軸から離れた位置での入射光量を確保することが可能となる。
【００３８】
また，請求項１４に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記端末側光送受信装置は，少なくとも，前記送光手段と前記受光手段とを同一筐体に配置し，前記送光手段と前記受光手段の光軸を，前記ホスト側光送受信装置側に対して送受信可能な位置に可動・調整する構成としたものである。
【００３９】
すなわち，端末側光送受信装置をホスト側光送受信装置側に対して可動調整する構造とすることにより，ホスト側光送受信装置側に対し，最も光送受信効率のよい位置に簡単に調整することが可能となる。
【００４０】
また，請求項１５に係る光送受信装置にあっては，前記筐体が前記ホスト側光送受信装置側に対して可動する構造であって，光軸調整用光信号を照射・選択するための調整用スイッチと，前記光軸調整用光信号を受信し，その光強度を表示する表示手段と，をさらに備えたものである。
【００４１】
すなわち，上記請求項１４に加え，光軸調整用光信号を用い，その光信号の強度を知ることにより，的確な光軸調整作業が可能となる。
【００４２】
また，請求項１６に係る光送受信装置にあっては，それぞれ波長が異なる複数の発光素子と，該発光素子の波長と対応する複数の受光素子とを用いるものである。
【００４３】
すなわち，異なる波長の発光素子と受光素子とを用いての光通信が実現するので，通信の多重化および通信容量の増加を図ることが可能となる。
【００４４】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下，本発明の光送受信装置について添付図面を参照し，詳細に説明する。
【００４５】
〔実施の形態１〕
図１は，実施の形態１に係る光送受信装置の構成および該装置を用いたシステム例を示す説明図，図２は，光送受信装置の細部構成を示す説明図であり，（ａ）は外観図，（ｂ）は断面構成図である。また，図３は，送受信装置の細部構成を示す説明図である。
【００４６】
図１において，１００はたとえばＨＵＢ（ＬＡＮを構築するケーブルで１０ＢＡＳＥ−Ｔを用いる場合に必要な集線装置）などのＬＡＮノード（ｎｏｄｅ）に接続し，オフィスなどの天井に配置されるホスト側光送受信装置，１０１ａおよび１０１ｂはパーソナルコンピュータや携帯端末機器などの端末装置に接続し，卓上などに配置される端末側光送受信装置である。なお，この実施の形態では，端末側光送受信装置を２台で示しているが，単数あるいは３台以上であっても勿論よい。また，説明の上で支障がなければ複数であっても端末側光送受信装置１０１と記述する。
【００４７】
端末側光送受信装置１０１ａおよび１０１ｂは，発光素子とその駆動回路からなる送信部と可視光カットフィルタおよび広視野角で，かつ受光光量が多くとれる光学系からなる受光部とその信号処理回路からなる光送受信部１１０と，端末装置との通信を仲介するためのインターフェイス回路１１１とから構成されている。
【００４８】
また，ホスト側光送受信装置１００は，拡散反射面を有する平板１０２，すなわち，具体的にはランダムに微小な凹凸が表面に形成された反射板（光束変換面）と，所定の距離だけ離れた略平行な平面上に受光素子とレンズ（ここでは受光素子表面に密着させた半球レンズ）および可視光を遮断するためのフィルタとから構成される受光手段としての受光部１０３と，支持部材１０４に固定され，受光された信号を処理し，後段へ情報を伝送するための信号処理回路基板からなる受光ユニット１０５（図２参照）と，受光ユニット１０５と平板１０２との間に支持部材１０４により固定され，かつ受光ユニット１０５と略等間隔になるように配置された平面に略平行な円周上に発光素子（レンズ系も含む）１０８がＬＡＮノードからの信号を光空間伝送に適した変調あるいは符号化して発光素子１０８を駆動する回路と共に実装された送光手段としての送光ユニット１０７と，から構成されている。
【００４９】
また，平板１０２は，二次光源１０６が形成されるように配置・構成されている。さらに，これらを防塵・保護する透明なダストカバー１０９が外郭部材として設けられている。
【００５０】
以上の構成において，光学系ではＬＡＮノードからの信号を基に発光素子１０８が駆動されて光信号が発光され，この光信号は，一旦，平板１０２の拡散反射面に照射される。その際，送光ユニット１０７上の各発光素子１０８からの投射光は，レンズ系により狭指向または集光性を有し，上記反射面上の略同一円周上にスポット照射される。
【００５１】
このため，この光信号を受信する端末側光送受信装置１０１ａおよび１０１ｂからみた場合，疑似的に二次光源１０６が上記反射面上に配置されたと同等の効果を生む。すなわち，二次光源１０６から所定の範囲に比較的なだらかな光量分布になるように信号光が照射され，上記範囲内においては端末側光送受信装置１０１ａおよび１０１ｂの位置によらずに所望の受信強度を保つことが可能となる。
【００５２】
また，上記光送受信部１１０は，図３に示すように発光素子と光学系とからなる発光素子３０１と端末装置からの信号を光空間伝送に適した変調あるいは符号化して発光素子３０１を駆動するための駆動回路３０２とからなる光送信部と，凸レンズ３０３とその焦点位置に受光面がくるように配置された半球レンズ３０４とを表面に実装した受光素子３０５から構成された受光部と該受光された信号を処理し，後段のインターフェイス回路１１１へ情報を伝送するための信号処理回路３０６と，からなる光受信部とから構成されている。
【００５３】
なお，上記受光光学系は半球レンズのみにより構成することも可能である。これは十分に広い視野が確保される光学系ではあるが，反面，受光量はレンズの屈折率に二乗に比例した量しか増加させることができず，ホスト側光送受信装置１００からの光信号が微弱な場合に十分な受光光量を確保することができない。
【００５４】
また，上記において，凸レンズのみの構成も可能であるが，受光光量はレンズの面積に比例して増加させることができる反面，焦点距離に反比例して視野角が狭くなってしまう。
【００５５】
そこで，この実施の形態の光学系は，半球レンズ３０４の効果により，凸レンズ３０３での視野角の劣化を補正するように構成されている。
【００５６】
また，光送受信部１１０は，受光部の視野範囲内にホスト側光送受信装置１００がある場合，垂直方向に固定されてもよいが，端末側光送受信装置１０１ａおよび１０１ｂをより自由に配置可能にするためにホスト側光送受信装置１００方向に光送受信部が対向するように可動機構を設けてもよい。なお，この可動機構は，電動／手動の何れでもよく，また，受光部の視野内であれば多少の方向ずれがあっても十分な受光光強度が確保できるために目測での調整でも十分である。
【００５７】
さらに，端末側光送受信装置１０１ａおよび１０１ｂにスイッチによる選択機構を設け，それにより光軸調整用の光信号を照射し，ホスト側光送受信装置１００側でその光信号の強度を検出・比較し，受信光強度に応じた光信号を発信し，端末側送受信装置１０１ａおよび１０１ｂで上記光信号を受信し，該信号に応じた情報を表示する表示手段，たとえばホスト側光送受信装置１００の所定の場所にＬＥＤ点灯光源を複数用意し，その点灯するＬＥＤの個数により強度情報を表示するなど，を設けて調整を容易にすることも可能である。
【００５８】
〔実施の形態２〕
ここでは，複数の発光素子からの光を１つの照射スポットに照射し，光量増加を図る例について述べる。
【００５９】
図４は，実施の形態２に係る発光素子の配置・構成を示す説明図であり，（ａ）は１つの発光素子からの光を１つの照射スポットに照射する場合，（ｂ）は複数の発光素子からの光を１つの照射スポットに照射する場合，を各々示している。
【００６０】
すなわち，図４に示すように，ホスト側光送受信装置１００において送光ユニット１０７の各発光素子１０８の構成を，平板１０２の光束変換面上の１つの照射スポットである二次光源４０１に対し，複数の発光素子（ここでは発光素子１０８ａ，１０８ｂ）が一対となって二次光源４０１ａを形成するようにする。これにより十分な光量の二次光源４０１ａを形成することが可能となる。
【００６１】
〔実施の形態３〕
図５は，実施の形態３に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。図５に示すように，このホスト側光送受信装置５００は，所定の高さを有する支持部材５０１の上に固定されてなり，支持部材５０１の上面の略中央部に受光部１０３を配置すると共に，該受光部１０３の同一円周上で略等間隔になるように発光素子１０８を配置した構成とする。
【００６２】
さらに，天井面の照射位置には光束変換面を有する平板１０２あるいは拡散反射性を有する外装材を光束変換面として設ける。そして，ホスト側光送受信装置５００の所定の距離上に設置された上記光束変換面上の略同一円周上に投射光をスポット照射するようにする。
【００６３】
以上の構成において，発光素子１０８からの投射光は，光学系により狭指向あるいは集光性が付加され，略垂直方向上向きに照射される。この際，天井面の照射位置には光束変換面を有する平板１０２あるいは拡散反射性を有する外装材が設けられているので，上記照射光がスポット照射される。これにより，天井への配線敷設のための工事が不要となり，経済的に有利なシステムを構築することが可能となる。
【００６４】
〔実施の形態４〕
図６は，実施の形態４に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。図６に示すように，このホスト側光送受信装置６００は，発光素子１０８の前面に透過光を拡散する光束変換面６０１を配置する。
【００６５】
あるいは（ｂ）に示すように，上記光束変換面６０１の代わりに，上記光送受信装置６００に塵埃侵入防止のためのダストカバー６０２を設け，このダストカバー６０２の表面あるいは裏面にランダムで微小な凹凸を形成し，光束変換機能を備えたものとする。
【００６６】
すなわち，以上の構成において，狭指向あるいは集光性を有した送光ユニット上の各発光素子１０８からの投射光を，上記光束変換面上に投射光がスポット照射する。
【００６７】
〔実施の形態５〕
ところで，前述した拡散用二次光源１０６を配置する際に，符号間干渉を考慮した場合，信号処理回路への負担を軽減するためにある範囲内にすることが望ましい。以下，図７および図８を用いて説明する。
【００６８】
図８は，実施の形態５に係る受信回路の構成を示すブロック図であり，受光した光信号を増幅する増幅器８０１と，バンドパスフィルタ８０２と，該バンドパスフィルタ８０２の出力を判定処理する判定器８０３とから構成される。
【００６９】
図７において対称性を考慮した場合，上記二次光源を半径ｒの略円周上に配置すると端末側光送受信装置１０１からのぞむ二次光源１０６のうち，最大の光路差を与えるのは端末側光送受信装置１０１に近い二次光源１０６ａと中心に対称な位置にある二次光源１０６ｂとである。
【００７０】
上記光路差をΔＩとすると，ΔＩ＝２ｒｓｉｎαで表される。また，光速をＣとし，上記二次光源１０６の点灯が，発光素子１０８との距離がホスト側光送受信装置１００と端末側送受信装置１０１との距離に比べ近いことを考慮すると，ほぼ同時に行われていると考えて実用上問題がない。したがって，光信号の遅延時間ΔｔはΔＩ／Ｃで与えられる。
【００７１】
ここで，変調速度で発光素子に最も負担のかからない変調方式であるＯｎ−Ｏｆｆ−Ｋｅｙｉｎｇ（ＯＯＫ）で伝送した場合，図８に示す受信回路で受信すると考える。ここでの信号の伝送レートをＢ，判定器８０３が信号のクロックの中心でサンプリングしたとすると，サンプリング点の前のビット信号が干渉しないためには，信号のひずみが少ない場合，Δｔ≦１／２Ｂの関係になることが望ましい。
【００７２】
すなわち，実際のホスト側光送受信装置１００（あるいは５００，６００）と端末側光送受信装置１０１との配置関係からｓｉｎα≒１より，半径ｒは，
ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂ・・・・（１）
上式（１）を満たすことが望ましい。
【００７３】
なお，実際には信号のひずみや変調，符号化方式によって上記ｒの上限は異なるが，少なくとも上記の制限より広く配置させた場合には符号間干渉が生じるため，何らかの信号処理を施す必要があり，この場合，装置のコストや伝送品質に影響を及ぼすことがある。
【００７４】
以上，本発明を実現する実施の形態について説明してきたが，本発明の主旨を逸脱しない限りこれらに限定されるものではなく，その他様々な形態が考えられる。たとえば，図１において，スポット径を調節し，光束変換面を配置する部屋天井の外装部材をそのまま用いてもよい。
【００７５】
また，上述した各装置において，中心発光波長の異なる複数の発光素子とそれぞれの波長に透明なバンドパスフィルタと受光部とを用意し，波長多重化を行ってもよい。
【００７６】
また，端末側送受信装置１０１を小型化し，さらにインターフェイス回路部分にＰＣＭＣＩＡカードとのインターフェイス機能を付加することにより，直接，携帯情報機器のカードスロットに搭載することも可能である。
【００７７】
〔実施の形態６〕
ところで，上記の実施の形態で述べた発明によれば，発光素子の光を一旦拡散反射面を介して拡散し，これを端末側送受信装置に送るため，広範囲の受信エリアを確保することができる。しかし，一方で，拡散光を用いて光通信を行う場合には平均的な受信レベルの低下が考えられる。このため，以下の実施の形態では拡散光を用いて広い照射範囲を実現し，かつ一定の伝送品質を確保する例について説明する。
【００７８】
（実施の形態６の構成）
図９は，実施の形態６に係る光送受信装置の構成および該装置を用いたシステム例を示す説明図である。この実施の形態６（図９）は，先に述べた図１の構成に対して天井側に設けたホスト側光送受信装置の構成が異なり，他の構成は基本的には同一である。
【００７９】
すなわち，ＨＵＢなどのＬＡＮノード（Ａ）に接続され，室内天井に配置されたホスト側光送受信装置９００と，パーソナルコンピュータ（ＰＣ）や携帯情報端末などの端末装置（Ｂ）に接続され，卓上などに配置された単数あるいは複数の端末側光送受信装置９１０と，からなる。
【００８０】
ホスト側光送受信装置９００は，発光部として，発光素子による光を所定の位置関係で配置した複数のマイクロレンズ群でなる光束拡散手段としてのレンズアレイ９０１を設け，端末側光送受信装置９１０からの光信号を受光するための受光部９０２を略中心部分に設けた構成となっている。また，端末側光送受信装置９１０は，ホスト側光送受信装置９００に対して光信号を受信あるいは該装置に光信号を送信する光送受信部９１１と，信号処理などを行う回路を備えたインターフェイス回路９１２と，から構成されている。
【００８１】
さらに，構成について詳述する。図１０は，図９におけるホスト側光送受信装置９００の構成を断面で示す説明図である。ホスト側光送受信装置９００は，略平行な円周上に等間隔に配置されたレンズ系を含む発光素子１００１と，前段（Ａ）からの信号を光空間伝送に適した変調あるいは符号化し，発光素子１００１を駆動する回路と，受光した信号を処理し，前段（Ａ）へ情報を伝送するための信号処理回路とが実装された回路基板１００２と，を有する。また，レンズアレイ９０１は，図１０に示す如く，略同一平面内に凸レンズ（マイクロレンズ）を最密充填して構成する。
【００８２】
また，受光部９０２は，回路基板１００２の略中心位置に所定の高さで，かつ回路基板１００２に略平行な平面に受光素子１００３と，該受光素子１００３の先端に設けた半球レンズ１００４と，可視光を遮断するためのフィルタ１００５と，から構成されている。
【００８３】
また，端末側光送受信装置９１０の光送受信部９１１（受信部および発光部）は，広視野を有するＰｉｎ構造のフォトダイオードなどの受光素子表面に不要な可視光を遮断するためのフィルタを介して半球レンズを密着させた構成とする。なお，小型化や低消費電力などを考慮する場合には，受光部分と一体の筐体（光送受信部９１１）に比較的狭指向性のレンズ付きのＬＥＤ素子などを一個ないし複数個配置し，これを天井に配置されたホスト側光送受信装置９００に対向させて通信する構成を取ることを可能である。
【００８４】
（実施の形態６の動作）
次に，以上のように構成された光送受信装置の動作について説明する。図１１は，実施の形態６に係る発光・受光状態を示す説明図である。ホスト側光送受信装置９００は，ＨＵＢなどのＬＡＮノード（Ａ）からの信号に基づいて発光素子１００１を駆動する。発光素子１００１から発せられた光はレンズアレイ９０１に照射され，そこで波面変換されて空間に放射される。換言すれば，発光素子１００１の照射光は，レンズアレイ９０１を構成する各レンズのＮＡ（開口数）による放射角により変換が行われ，端末装置（Ｂ）に接続された端末側光送受信装置９１０に投射される。
【００８５】
このときにおける受信範囲および光強度の状態を図１２に模式的に示す。図１２に示すように，レンズアレイ９０１を介して光照射することにより，ピークパワーは減少するものの，レンズアレイ９０１を用いずに直接放射する場合の光量分布１２０２に対し，広範囲で，かつ均一な光量分布１２０１が得られると共に，一定の伝送品質を確保することが可能となる。また，レンズアレイ９０１に用いるレンズの焦点距離は，レンズ半径程度に短い方がより広い照射範囲を得ることができる。
【００８６】
また，端末側光送受信装置９１０の受信部および発光部を，広視野を有するＰｉｎ構造のフォトダイオードなどの受光素子表面に不要な可視光を遮断するためのフィルタを介して半球レンズを密着させた構成とすることにより，光軸合わせを行う必要もなくなり，任意の位置による通信が可能となる。
【００８７】
〔実施の形態７〕
図１３は，実施の形態７に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。この実施の形態７では，レンズアレイ９０１の構成を，発光素子１００１の光軸近傍のレンズ９０１ａから離れるに従って所定範囲内で焦点距離を増加（長く）するように設定する。
【００８８】
このように，発光素子１００１近傍のレンズ９０１ａに対し，外側になるほど焦点距離を長くとることにより，先の述べた実施の形態６に対しては照射範囲が狭くなるものの，所定範囲の外側において信号光が過多に拡散するのを抑制し，外側部分における照射光量を確保することが可能となる。
【００８９】
すなわち，発光素子１００１に対してより外側のレンズによる信号光の拡散効果を減少させ，所定範囲内における照射光量を増加することができる。したがって，照射光量の増加により，端末側光送受信装置９１０の受光光量が増加し，より高速な伝送システムが実現する。
【００９０】
また，レンズアレイ９０１を，たとえばレンズアレイ部材が同一の樹脂基板で構成させ，さらに射出成形技術などを用いて基板表面を球面加工するか，あるいは屈折率を増大するモノマーを選択的に熱拡散することにより作製する。これにより，経済的で，かつ生産性の高い装置が実現する。
【００９１】
〔実施の形態８〕
図１４は，実施の形態８に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。この実施の形態８では，レンズアレイの代わりに，図１４に示すような微小な反射面を有する凹レンズアレイ１４０１を端末側光送受信装置９１０側に向けた状態で回路基板１００２側に設ける。さらに，発光素子１００１を凹曲面板１４０１に向けて発光する構成とする。
【００９２】
この凹レンズアレイ１４０１として，熱伝導率の高い部材，たとえばアルミニウムなどの金属基板の表面に凹形状のレンズアレイを形成する。また，必要であれば凹形状の内側に反射率を向上させるための鏡面加工や薄膜形成を施してもよい。そして，このように形成した凹レンズアレイ１４０１を，発光素子１００１を駆動する電子回路部品および受光信号を処理する信号処理回路部品の一部あるいは全部に接触させて取り付ける。このように熱伝導性の高い材料で形成した凹レンズアレイ１４０１と回路基板１００２とを接触した状態とすることで，前述の光拡散効果により光通信の高速化に加え，回路基板１００２の電子部品が発する熱を積極的に放熱することができる。したがって，回路の信頼性も向上する。
【００９３】
〔実施の形態９〕
図１５は，実施の形態９に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。この実施の形態９では，先に述べた受光する光を集光する半球レンズ１００４（図１０参照）の機能をレンズアレイ側に設けた例について示している。つまり，図１５に示すように，レンズアレイ１５０５に集光用のレンズ形状１５０１ａを設け，レンズアレイと半球レンズとを一体的に構成する。
【００９４】
このように，レンズアレイ１５０５に集光用の半球レンズの機能を付加することで，半球レンズを別個に設ける必要がなくなり，部品点数を削減することができる。
【００９５】
〔実施の形態１０〕
図１６は，実施の形態１０に係るレンズアレイの構成を示す説明図である。このレンズアレイ９０１は，図１６に示すように，レンズ１６０２以外の基板表面部分に研磨加工などにより光拡散手段としての微小凹凸部１６０１を付加する。これにより，レンズ１６０２による光拡散効果と同時に，微小凹凸部１６０１による散乱効果も得られる。したがって，ホスト側光送受信装置９００は端末側光送受信装置９１０に対して，より均一な照射分布の光を照射することができ，光利用効率が向上する。
【００９６】
〔実施の形態１１〕
図１７および図１９は，実施の形態１１に係る光送受信装置およびそのレンズアレイ部分の構成を示す説明図である。この実施の形態１１では，図１７および図１９に示すように，所定の曲率を有する球面上に，レンズ光軸が球面の略中心を通るようにレンズアレイ１７０１を形成し，配置する。さらに，発光素子１００１が球面の略中心部に位置し，レンズアレイ１７０１の所定のレンズの略光軸方向に一致した向きに設定されている。
【００９７】
この構成により，たとえば図１８に示すように，発光素子１００１の光軸から離れたレンズ１８０２の光軸が略光軸方向に一致しているので，平板のレンズ１８０１に比べて斜め入射による入射光量損失を改善することが可能である。
【００９８】
このとき，さらに端末側光送受信装置９１０の受光部と光送信部とを光送受信部９１１の筐体内に収容させ，該筐体部分を可動構造とする。そして，これをホスト側光送受信装置９００に略対向させる。これにより，光軸が最適になるのでさらに受光光量を向上させることが可能となる。
【００９９】
さらに，端末側光送受信装置９１０がスイッチ（図示せず）による選択により光軸調整用の信号光を照射し，他方のホスト側光送受信装置９００において信号光の強度を検出・比較し，その受信光強度に応じた信号光を端末側光送受信装置９１０に対して照射する。この照射された信号光を端末側光送受信装置９１０で受信し，受信した光信号に応じてたとえば異なる色で発光する複数のＬＥＤ表示光を点滅させるなどの手段を設け，ユーザーに光軸調整の成否結果を知らせることにより，光軸調整が容易に行える。
【０１００】
また，本発明による光送受信装置は，波長を多重化して通信容量を増加することもできる。これを実現するものとして，たとえば発光部（送光ユニット）の発光素子１００１を，異なる波長で発光する複数の発光素子で構成し，受光ユニットにおいて複数の受光素子を用いる。このとき，対応する波長のみを透過する，たとえば多層薄膜によるバンドパスフィルタを対応する各受光素子のフィルタ１００５として設けた構成とすばよい。
【０１０１】
さて，以上，本発明を実現する実施の形態を述べてきたが，これらに実施の形態に限らず本発明の要旨を逸脱しなければ様々な構成が可能であることはいうまでもない。たとえば，レンズアレイを特に樹脂成形に限ったものでなく，既存の光学ガラスを用いたものであっても同様な構成をとることができる。また，光送受信装置の前面に信号光を透過するダストカバーを設け，塵埃によるレンズアレイの表面が汚れるのを回避させる構造としてもよい。さらに，端末側光送受信装置を小型化し，さらにインーフェイス回路の部分にＰＣＭＣＩＡカードとのインターフェイスを行う機能を付加し，直接に携帯情報端末機器のカードスロットに搭載することも可能である。
【０１０２】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項１，２）によれば，狭指向あるいは集光性を有する光信号が光束変換面にスポット照射すると，この照射された光を端末側光送受信装置からみた場合，二次光源が疑似的に光束変換面に配置され，二次光源から所定範囲に比較的なだらかな光量分布になるように光信号が照射されるので，上記範囲内においては他の光送受信装置に位置によらず所望の受信光強度を保つことが可能となる。特に、二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たすことで，光信号間における干渉を軽減することが可能となる。したがって，各素子などを最小限化し，しかも効率的な配置としたので，経済的に小型化が可能となり，かつ低消費電力化・光束対応を実現することができる。
【０１０３】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項３）によれば，送光手段の前面に送光手段の光信号を透過・拡散する光束変換面を設けたため，さらに小型化の促進が可能となる。特に、二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たすことで，光信号間における干渉を軽減することが可能となる。
【０１０４】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項４）によれば，たとえば室内天井など所定距離隔てた位置に設けられた光束変換面に対し，支持部材上に構成された光送受信装置から略垂直上方向に光信号を照射する構成としたので，天井へのＬＡＮケーブルなどの面倒な配線工事を省略することができ，経済的なシステムが実現する。特に、二次光源は光束変換面の中心から半径ｒ内に配置され，空気中の光速をＣ，光信号のビットレートをＢとしたとき，ｒ≦Ｃ／４Ｂの関係を満たすことで，光信号間における干渉を軽減することが可能となる。
【０１０５】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項５）によれば，光束変換面上の１つの照射スポットを複数の発光素子が一対となって二次光源を形成するように構成することにより，発光素子を有効的に用い，十分な光量の二次光源が得られる。
【０１０６】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項６）によれば，半球レンズの光学特性を利用し，凸レンズの視野角の劣化を補正するため，広い受光視野角における受光強度を小スペースで確保することができる。
【０１０８】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項７）によれば，ホスト側光送受信装置が端末側光送受信装置に光信号を送る場合に，光束拡散手段により送光手段からの光信号を波面変換して投射することにより，光信号が拡散されるため，広範囲で，かつ均一な光照射を行うことができる。
【０１０９】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項８）によれば，発光素子に対し，より外側のレンズによる信号光の拡散過多を抑制し，所定の範囲内での照射光量を増加させるため，端末側光送受信装置側の受光光量を確保することができる。
【０１１０】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項９）によれば，レンズアレイ部材を同一基板内に形成し，かつ基板の表面形状加工あるいは基板内部に所定の屈折率分布を形成してなるレンズアレイ基板を用いるため，生産性に優れたレンズアレイを経済的に得ることができる。
【０１１１】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項１０）によれば，レンズアレイを熱伝導性の高い材料の反射型とし，これを信号処理回路部品に対して全部あるいは一部を接触させて取り付けるため，信号処理回路部品が発する熱を積極的に放熱することができる。
【０１１２】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項１１）によれば，端末側光送受信装置から送られる光信号を受光するための集光レンズを，光拡散用のレンズアレイと一体化するため，集光レンズを別個に設ける必要がなくなり，経済性が向上する。
【０１１３】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項１２）によれば，レンズアレイのレンズ群の間の領域を発光素子からの投射光を散乱するための手段，たとえば微小凹凸を表面に形成して設けるため，レンズ群による拡散効果に加え，レンズ群以外を透過する投射光を散乱させることができる。
【０１１４】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項１３）によれば，発光素子と対応するレンズとの光軸を略一致させて曲面形状のレンズアレイを形成するため，平板のレンズアレイと比べて，発光素子の光軸から離れた位置での入射光量を確保することができる。
【０１１５】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項１４）によれば，端末側光送受信装置自体をホスト側光送受信装置側に対して可動調整する構造としたため，ホスト側光送受信装置側に対し，最も光送受信効率のよい位置に簡単に調整することができる。
【０１１６】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項１５）によれば，上記の効果に加え，光軸調整用光信号を用い，その強度を知ることができるため，光軸調整を的確，かつ容易に行え，設置作業などの作業性が向上する。
【０１１７】
また，本発明に係る光送受信装置（請求項１６）によれば，異なる波長の発光素子と受光素子とを用いての光通信が実現するため，通信の多重化および通信容量の増加を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】実施の形態１に係る光送受信装置の構成および該装置を用いたシステム例を示す説明図である。
【図２】図１における光送受信装置の細部構成を示す説明図であり，（ａ）は外観図，（ｂ）は断面構成図である。
【図３】図１における送受信装置の細部構成を示す説明図である。
【図４】実施の形態２に係る発光素子の配置・構成を示す説明図であり，（ａ）は１つの発光素子からの光を１つの照射スポットに照射する場合，（ｂ）は複数の発光素子からの光を１つの照射スポットに照射する場合である。
【図５】実施の形態３に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。
【図６】実施の形態４に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。
【図７】実施の形態５に係る光送受信装置の配置関係を示す説明図である。
【図８】実施の形態５に係る受信回路の構成を示すブロック図である。
【図９】実施の形態６に係る光送受信装置の構成および該装置を用いたシステム例を示す説明図である。
【図１０】図９におけるホスト側光送受信装置の構成を断面で示す説明図である。
【図１１】実施の形態６に係る発光・受光状態を示す説明図である。
【図１２】実施の形態６に係る光量分布および光強度を示す説明図である。
【図１３】実施の形態７に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。
【図１４】実施の形態８に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。
【図１５】実施の形態９に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。
【図１６】実施の形態１０に係るレンズアレイの構成を示す説明図である。
【図１７】実施の形態１１に係る光送受信装置のレンズアレイ部分の構成を示す説明図である。
【図１８】実施の形態１１に係る光送受信装置の光照射状態を示す説明図である。
【図１９】実施の形態１１に係る光送受信装置の構成を示す説明図である。
【図２０】従来における光送受信装置の構成例（１）を示す説明図である。
【図２１】図２０における送光ユニットの構成を示す平面図である。
【図２２】従来における光送受信装置の構成例（２）を示す説明図である。
【図２３】従来における光送受信装置の構成例（３）を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１００，５００，６００ホスト側光送受信装置
１０１，９１０端末側光送受信装置
１０２平板
１０３受光部
１０５受光ユニット
１０６二次光源
１０７送光ユニット
１０８，３０１，１００１発光素子
３０３凸レンズ
３０４，１００４半球レンズ
４０１ａ二次光源
５０１支持部材
６０１光束変換面
９０１，１４０１，１５０１，１７０１レンズアレイ
１６０１微小凹凸部[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used in a system for transmitting information between optical devices such as optical wireless LANs and optical interconnections, for example, information devices such as personal computers distributed and arranged in an office space, and transmits and receives optical signals. The present invention relates to an optical transmission / reception apparatus that performs mutual processing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, with the widespread use of information devices, there is an increasing demand for so-called indoor optical wireless LAN systems that perform data transmission between a plurality of information devices distributed in an office via optical communication.
[0003]
As an optical transmission / reception device used in the above system, for example, an “optical transmission / reception device” disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-98914 is known. As shown in FIG. 20 and FIG. 21, this is between the light transmitting unit 2002 in which the light emitting element 2001 is disposed, the light receiving unit 2004 in which the light receiving element 2003 is disposed, and between the light transmitting unit 2002 and the light receiving unit 2004. And a light-shielding plate 2005 provided in the apparatus, and has a structure in which the apparatus itself is miniaturized and signal interference between the light transmitting part and the light receiving part is avoided.
[0004]
Another optical transceiver is disclosed in the 1995 IEICE General Conference B-490. Here, as shown in FIG. 22, a transmitter 2201 that emits a beam directed in the vertical direction and a plurality of peripheral directions is provided, and the receiver 2202 is directed in the vertical direction to transmit a wide range of irradiation and reflected light from a part. By receiving, an alignment-free configuration is realized.
[0005]
Furthermore, another optical transmitter / receiver is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-331057. The configuration of this apparatus is shown in FIG. An indoor optical space transmission apparatus 2300 in this publication includes a digital modulation multiplexer 2302, a drive circuit 2303, a transmission system 2301 having a light emitting element 2304, a digital separation demodulator 2311, a light receiving circuit 2312, and a light receiving element. 2313 and a receiving system 2310 having a hemispherical lens 2314.
[0006]
In this apparatus, the light of the light emitting element 2304 is modulated and radiated into the indoor space, the light reflected by the indoor structure such as the ceiling 1 and the wall 2 is transmitted, and the light receiving element 2313 receives the light to transmit information. We are transmitting. Further, light emitted from the light emitting element 2304 is radiated through a scattering plate or the like so that outgoing light that is safe for the eyes is obtained. Here, intersymbol interference due to multipath is reduced by a multi-level modulation demodulation method.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional optical transmission / reception apparatus as shown in FIG. 20 has an advantage that it can avoid receiving its own signal directly by providing a light shielding plate between the light transmission unit and the light reception unit. However, in order to irradiate a predetermined range without impairing the transmission quality, a certain number of light emitting elements are required, which causes an increase in cost and power consumption.
[0008]
The conventional optical transmitter / receiver as shown in FIG. 22 can have an alignment-free configuration, but on the other hand, the impulse response characteristics deteriorate due to the multi-path of reflected light caused by a wide range of illumination systems. Therefore, there was a problem that it could not cope with high speed.
[0009]
Furthermore, the apparatus shown in FIG. 23 can have an alignment-free configuration. However, in order to increase the speed by intersymbol interference due to the multi-path of reflected light caused by a wide range of illumination systems, a complicated modulation / demodulation method is used, which increases the cost and reduces the size and power consumption of the device. Was inhibiting.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed optical transmission / reception apparatus that can be miniaturized economically and realizes low power consumption.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to claim 1 is a host-side optical transmission / reception apparatus connected to a host computer or the like on a network, and information terminal devices distributed and arranged at arbitrary positions. In the optical transmission / reception apparatus that transmits / receives transmission of information to / from one or a plurality of terminal-side optical transmission / reception apparatuses using optical signals, the host-side optical transmission / reception apparatus corresponds to transmission information, and Light transmitting means provided with a light emitting element that emits an optical signal having narrow directivity or light condensing property, light receiving means provided with a light receiving element that receives an optical signal from the terminal side optical transceiver, and A light beam conversion surface that diffuses, converts, and transmits or reflects an optical signal projected from the light means, and irradiates the light signal to a predetermined position on the light beam conversion surface from the light emitting element, and on the light beam conversion surface Above The secondary light source formed as viewed from the end side optical transceiver,The secondary light source is disposed within a radius r from the center of the light beam conversion surface, and satisfies the relationship r ≦ C / 4B where C is the speed of light in the air and B is the bit rate of the optical signal,Light from the secondary light source is sent to the terminal side optical transceiver.
[0012]
  The optical transmission / reception apparatus according to claim 2 is connected to a host-side optical transmission / reception apparatus connected to a host computer or the like on a network and to information terminal devices distributed / arranged at arbitrary positions. In an optical transmission / reception apparatus that transmits / receives transmission of information to / from a plurality of terminal-side optical transmission / reception apparatuses using an optical signal, the host-side optical transmission / reception apparatus has a diffuse reflection surface on a flat plate, and transmits optical signals. A light receiving surface provided with a light beam conversion surface that diffuses and reflects, and a light receiving element that is provided on a substantially parallel plane that is separated from the light beam conversion surface by a predetermined distance and that receives an optical signal from the terminal-side optical transceiver. And a plurality of light emitting elements which are arranged at substantially equal intervals on a substantially plane between the light receiving means and the light beam conversion surface and which emit optical signals corresponding to transmission information and having narrow directivity or light condensing properties. A light transmission means For example,An optical signal is irradiated from the light emitting element to a predetermined position of the light beam conversion surface, and a secondary light source is formed on the light beam conversion surface as viewed from the terminal side optical transceiver, and the secondary light source is formed from the center of the light beam conversion surface. When the light velocity in the air is C and the bit rate of the optical signal is B, the relationship r ≦ C / 4B is satisfied, and light from the secondary light source is transmitted and received at the terminal side. Sent to deviceIs.
[0013]
  That is, in claim 1 or claim 2, when an optical signal having narrow directivity or light condensing is spot-irradiated on the light flux conversion surface, the secondary light source is simulated when the irradiated light is viewed from the terminal side optical transceiver. Since the optical signal is radiated from the secondary light source so as to have a relatively gentle light amount distribution within a predetermined range, a desired light source within the above range can be obtained regardless of the position of the terminal side optical transceiver. It is possible to maintain the received light intensity.In particular, the secondary light source is disposed within a radius r from the center of the light flux conversion surface, and satisfies the relationship r ≦ C / 4B where C is the speed of light in the air and B is the bit rate of the optical signal. Interference between signals can be reduced.
[0014]
  The optical transmission / reception apparatus according to claim 3 is connected to a host-side optical transmission / reception apparatus connected to a host computer or the like on a network and to information terminal devices distributed / arranged at arbitrary positions. In an optical transmitter / receiver that transmits / receives transmission of information to / from a plurality of terminal-side optical transmitter / receivers using an optical signal, the host-side optical transmitter / receiver responds to transmission information and has a narrow directivity or condensing property. A light-transmitting means provided with a light-emitting element that emits an optical signal, a light-receiving means provided with a light-receiving element that receives an optical signal from the terminal-side optical transmitter / receiver, and a front surface of the light-transmitting means. A light beam conversion surface that transmits and diffuses the optical signal projected from the light transmitting means and sends the light signal to the terminal-side optical transceiver.The light emitting element emits an optical signal to a predetermined position of the light beam conversion surface, and a secondary light source is formed on the light beam conversion surface as viewed from the terminal side optical transmitter / receiver. The secondary light source is the center of the light beam conversion surface. And the light velocity in the air is C and the bit rate of the optical signal is B, the relationship r ≦ C / 4B is satisfied, and the light from the secondary light source is converted to the terminal side light. Send to transceiverIs.
[0015]
  That is, it is possible to further reduce the size by providing a light beam conversion surface that transmits and diffuses the optical signal of the light transmitting means on the front surface of the light transmitting means.In particular, the secondary light source is disposed within a radius r from the center of the light flux conversion surface, and satisfies the relationship r ≦ C / 4B where C is the speed of light in the air and B is the bit rate of the optical signal. Interference between signals can be reduced.
[0016]
  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optical transmission / reception apparatus including a host-side optical transmission / reception apparatus connected to a host computer or the like on a network, and a terminal-side optical connection connected to information terminal equipment distributed / arranged at arbitrary positions. In an optical transmission / reception apparatus that transmits / receives transmission of information to / from the transmission / reception apparatus using an optical signal, the host-side optical transmission / reception apparatus is arranged at the terminal side at a substantially central portion on a support member having a predetermined height. A light receiving means provided with a light receiving element for receiving an optical signal from the optical transceiver, and a light emitting element corresponding to transmission information and emitting a light signal having a narrow directivity or a condensing property in a substantially vertical direction are the light receiving means. Light transmitting means disposed at substantially equal intervals on the periphery of the light source, and light from the light emitting element is irradiated to the light transmitting means on a plane separated by a predetermined distance and within a limited range of the plane. Installed Optical signal projected from the light-sending means is illuminated spot comprises a light beam conversion surface Send 該照 Shako to the terminal-side optical transceiver, theThe light emitting element emits an optical signal to a predetermined position of the light beam conversion surface, and a secondary light source is formed on the light beam conversion surface as viewed from the terminal side optical transmitter / receiver. The secondary light source is the center of the light beam conversion surface. And the light velocity in the air is C and the bit rate of the optical signal is B, the relationship r ≦ C / 4B is satisfied, and the light from the secondary light source is converted to the terminal side light. Send to transceiverIs.
[0017]
  That is, for example, a light beam conversion surface provided at a predetermined distance, such as an indoor ceiling, is configured to irradiate an optical signal in a substantially vertical upward direction from an optical transceiver configured on a support member. Troublesome wiring work such as LAN cable can be omitted, and an economical system is realized.In particular, the secondary light source is disposed within a radius r from the center of the light flux conversion surface, and satisfies the relationship r ≦ C / 4B where C is the speed of light in the air and B is the bit rate of the optical signal. Interference between signals can be reduced.
[0018]
In the optical transmitter / receiver according to claim 5, the secondary light source of the light flux conversion surface is formed by irradiation of the plurality of light emitting elements.
[0019]
That is, a secondary light source with a sufficient amount of light can be obtained by configuring one irradiation spot on the light beam conversion surface so that a plurality of light emitting elements are paired to form a secondary light source.
[0020]
In the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to claim 6, the light receiving means is constituted by a light receiving element in which a convex lens and a hemispherical lens are integrated so that a focal position of the convex lens is a light receiving surface.
[0021]
That is, by using the optical characteristics of the hemispherical lens and correcting the deterioration of the viewing angle of the convex lens, it is possible to ensure the light receiving intensity in a wide light receiving viewing angle.
[0024]
  Claims7The optical transmitter / receiver according to the above is connected to a host-side optical transmitter / receiver connected to a host computer on a network and information terminal equipment distributed / arranged at an arbitrary position, and one or more terminal-side optical transmitters are connected. In an optical transmission / reception apparatus that transmits / receives information to / from the transmission / reception apparatus using an optical signal, the host-side optical transmission / reception apparatus emits an optical signal having narrow directivity or condensing property corresponding to the transmission information. A light transmitting means provided with a light emitting element, a light receiving means provided with a light receiving element for receiving an optical signal from the terminal side optical transmission / reception device, and a lens array composed of a micro lens group, And a light beam diffusing means for wave-front-converting the optical signal from the means and projecting it on the terminal side optical transceiver.
[0025]
That is, when the host-side optical transceiver transmits an optical signal to the terminal-side optical transceiver, the optical signal is diffused by wave-front-converting and projecting the optical signal from the light transmitter by the light beam diffusing unit. A wide range of uniform light irradiation is possible.
[0026]
  Claims8In the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the above, the light beam diffusing means is constituted by a lens array in which the focal length is set longer toward the outside with respect to the lens near the optical axis of the light emitting element of the light transmitting means. .
[0027]
That is, excessive light diffusion of the signal light by the lens on the outer side of the light emitting element is suppressed, and the amount of light received within the predetermined range is increased, thereby ensuring the amount of light received on the terminal side optical transceiver device side.
[0028]
  Claims9In the optical transmitter / receiver according to the above, the light beam diffusing means includes a lens array in which a lens array member is formed in the same substrate and a surface shape processing of the substrate or a predetermined refractive index distribution is formed in the substrate. A substrate is used.
[0029]
In other words, a lens array having excellent productivity can be obtained by using a lens array substrate in which a lens array member is formed on the same substrate and the surface shape of the substrate is processed or a predetermined refractive index distribution is formed inside the substrate. Can be obtained.
[0030]
  Claims10In the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the above, the light beam diffusing unit is configured such that the substrate on which the lens array is formed is a reflective lens array made of a material having high thermal conductivity, and the light beam diffusing unit is connected to the light transmitting unit. All / part of the light-emitting element is brought into contact with a signal processing circuit component that drives the light-emitting element and processes the light-receiving signal of the light-receiving means.
[0031]
That is, the lens array is made of a reflection type made of a material having high thermal conductivity, and is attached in contact with all or part of the signal processing circuit component, thereby actively dissipating heat generated by the signal processing circuit component. It becomes possible.
[0032]
  Claims11In the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the above, the light beam diffusing unit is configured integrally with a condensing lens that condenses the light received by the light receiving unit.
[0033]
That is, it is not necessary to provide a condensing lens separately by integrating the condensing lens for receiving the optical signal transmitted from the terminal side optical transceiver with the lens array for light diffusion.
[0034]
  Claims12In the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the above, the light beam diffusing means includes a lens group constituting the lens array and a light scattering means for scattering light to a part other than the lens group.
[0035]
In other words, the area between the lens groups of the lens array is provided with a means for scattering the projection light from the light emitting element, for example, by forming minute irregularities on the surface, so that in addition to the diffusion effect by the lens group, It is possible to scatter the transmitted projection light.
[0036]
  Claims13In the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the above, the light beam diffusing means is arranged in a curved surface shape having a predetermined curvature with the optical axes of the light emitting elements of the light transmitting means and the corresponding lenses being substantially matched.
[0037]
That is, by forming a curved lens array by making the optical axes of the light emitting element and the corresponding lens substantially coincide with each other, the amount of incident light at a position away from the optical axis of the light emitting element can be reduced compared to a flat lens array. It can be secured.
[0038]
  Claims14In the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the first aspect, the terminal-side optical transmission / reception apparatus has at least the light transmission means and the light reception means arranged in the same housing, and the optical axes of the light transmission means and the light reception means are: It is configured to be movable and adjusted to a position at which transmission and reception are possible with respect to the host side optical transmission and reception device side.
[0039]
In other words, by adopting a structure in which the terminal side optical transceiver is movable and adjusted with respect to the host side optical transceiver, the host side optical transceiver can be easily adjusted to the position where the optical transmission and reception efficiency is the highest. It becomes.
[0040]
  Claims15In the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the above, the housing is structured to be movable with respect to the host-side optical transmission / reception apparatus side, the adjustment switch for irradiating and selecting the optical signal for adjusting the optical axis, And a display means for receiving the optical signal for adjusting the optical axis and displaying the light intensity.
[0041]
  That is, the above claims14In addition, by using the optical signal for adjusting the optical axis and knowing the intensity of the optical signal, it is possible to perform an accurate optical axis adjustment operation.
[0042]
  Claims16In the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the above, a plurality of light emitting elements having different wavelengths and a plurality of light receiving elements corresponding to the wavelengths of the light emitting elements are used.
[0043]
That is, since optical communication using light emitting elements and light receiving elements having different wavelengths is realized, it is possible to multiplex communications and increase communication capacity.
[0044]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The optical transceiver according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0045]
[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical transmission / reception device according to the first embodiment and a system example using the device, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the optical transmission / reception device, and FIG. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional configuration diagram. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a detailed configuration of the transmission / reception apparatus.
[0046]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 100 denotes a host side optical transmission / reception connected to a LAN node (node) such as HUB (concentrator required when 10BASE-T is used as a cable for constructing a LAN) and placed on the ceiling of an office or the like. The devices 101a and 101b are terminal-side optical transmission / reception devices that are connected to a terminal device such as a personal computer or a portable terminal device and are arranged on a desk or the like. In this embodiment, two terminal side optical transmission / reception devices are shown. However, a single device or three or more devices may be used. Further, if there is no problem in the description, even a plurality of terminals are described as the terminal side optical transceiver 101.
[0047]
The terminal-side optical transmission / reception devices 101a and 101b are composed of a transmission unit composed of a light emitting element and its driving circuit, a visible light cut filter, a light receiving unit composed of an optical system with a wide viewing angle and a large amount of received light, and its signal processing circuit. The optical transmission / reception unit 110 and an interface circuit 111 for mediating communication with the terminal device are configured.
[0048]
Further, the host-side optical transceiver 100 is separated from the flat plate 102 having a diffuse reflection surface, that is, a reflection plate (light beam conversion surface) having minute irregularities randomly formed on the surface thereof by a predetermined distance. A light receiving section 103 as a light receiving means comprising a light receiving element, a lens (here, a hemispherical lens in close contact with the surface of the light receiving element) and a filter for blocking visible light on a substantially parallel plane, and a support member 104 The light receiving unit 105 (see FIG. 2), which is a signal processing circuit board for processing the received and received light signal and transmitting information to the subsequent stage, is fixed by the support member 104 between the light receiving unit 105 and the flat plate 102. And a light emitting element (including a lens system) 108 receives a signal from the LAN node on a circumference substantially parallel to a plane arranged so as to be substantially equidistant from the light receiving unit 105. And sending unit 107 as implemented sending means together with a circuit for driving the light emitting element 108 is modulated or coded suitable for wireless transmission, and a.
[0049]
The flat plate 102 is arranged and configured so that the secondary light source 106 is formed. Further, a transparent dust cover 109 that protects and protects them is provided as an outer member.
[0050]
In the above configuration, in the optical system, the light emitting element 108 is driven based on the signal from the LAN node to emit an optical signal, and this optical signal is once irradiated on the diffuse reflection surface of the flat plate 102. At that time, the projection light from each light emitting element 108 on the light transmission unit 107 has a narrow directivity or light condensing property by the lens system, and is spot-irradiated on substantially the same circumference on the reflection surface.
[0051]
For this reason, when viewed from the terminal-side optical transceivers 101a and 101b that receive this optical signal, the same effect is obtained as when the secondary light source 106 is artificially arranged on the reflecting surface. That is, the signal light is irradiated from the secondary light source 106 so as to have a relatively gentle light amount distribution within a predetermined range, and within the above range, a desired reception intensity is obtained regardless of the positions of the terminal side optical transceivers 101a and 101b. Can be maintained.
[0052]
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the optical transceiver 110 drives the light emitting element 301 by modulating or encoding a light emitting element 301 including a light emitting element and an optical system and a signal from a terminal device suitable for optical space transmission. And a light receiving unit composed of a light receiving element 305 on which a convex lens 303 and a hemispherical lens 304 arranged so that the light receiving surface comes to the focal position are mounted on the surface. The optical receiving unit includes a signal processing circuit 306 for processing the received signal and transmitting information to the interface circuit 111 in the subsequent stage.
[0053]
Note that the light receiving optical system can also be composed of only a hemispherical lens. This is an optical system that ensures a sufficiently wide field of view, but on the other hand, the amount of received light can only be increased in proportion to the square of the refractive index of the lens, and the optical signal from the host-side optical transceiver 100 is received. A sufficient amount of received light cannot be ensured in a weak case.
[0054]
In addition, in the above, a configuration with only a convex lens is possible. However, while the amount of received light can be increased in proportion to the area of the lens, the viewing angle becomes narrow in inverse proportion to the focal length.
[0055]
Therefore, the optical system of this embodiment is configured to correct the deterioration of the viewing angle at the convex lens 303 by the effect of the hemispherical lens 304.
[0056]
Further, the optical transceiver 110 may be fixed in the vertical direction when the host-side optical transceiver 100 is within the field of view of the light-receiving section, but the terminal-side optical transceivers 101a and 101b can be arranged more freely. Therefore, a movable mechanism may be provided so that the optical transmission / reception unit faces the host-side optical transmission / reception device 100. This movable mechanism may be either electric or manual. In addition, even if there is a slight misalignment within the field of view of the light receiving unit, sufficient received light intensity can be secured, so adjustment by eye measurement is sufficient. is there.
[0057]
Further, a selection mechanism using a switch is provided in the terminal side optical transceivers 101a and 101b, thereby irradiating an optical signal for optical axis adjustment, and detecting and comparing the intensity of the optical signal on the host side optical transceiver 100 side, Display means for transmitting an optical signal corresponding to the received light intensity, receiving the optical signal by the terminal-side transmitting / receiving devices 101a and 101b, and displaying information corresponding to the signal, for example, a predetermined location of the host-side optical transmitting / receiving device 100 It is also possible to prepare a plurality of LED lighting light sources and display intensity information according to the number of LEDs to be lit to facilitate adjustment.
[0058]
[Embodiment 2]
Here, an example will be described in which light from a plurality of light emitting elements is irradiated to one irradiation spot to increase the amount of light.
[0059]
4A and 4B are explanatory views showing the arrangement and configuration of the light emitting elements according to the second embodiment. FIG. 4A shows a case where light from one light emitting element is irradiated to one irradiation spot, and FIG. Each of the cases where light from a light emitting element is irradiated to one irradiation spot is shown.
[0060]
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the configuration of each light emitting element 108 of the light transmitting unit 107 in the host-side optical transceiver 100 is changed with respect to the secondary light source 401 that is one irradiation spot on the light flux conversion surface of the flat plate 102. A plurality of light emitting elements (here, the light emitting elements 108a and 108b) are paired to form the secondary light source 401a. As a result, it is possible to form the secondary light source 401a having a sufficient amount of light.
[0061]
[Embodiment 3]
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the third embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the host-side optical transceiver 500 is fixed on a support member 501 having a predetermined height, and a light receiving unit 103 is disposed at a substantially central portion on the upper surface of the support member 501. The light emitting elements 108 are arranged so as to be substantially equidistant on the same circumference of the light receiving portion 103.
[0062]
Further, a flat plate 102 having a light beam conversion surface or an exterior material having diffuse reflection is provided as a light beam conversion surface at the irradiation position of the ceiling surface. Then, the projection light is spot-irradiated on substantially the same circumference on the light beam conversion surface installed on a predetermined distance of the host-side optical transceiver 500.
[0063]
In the above configuration, the projection light from the light emitting element 108 is irradiated with a narrow directivity or light condensing property by the optical system and is directed substantially upward in the vertical direction. At this time, the irradiation light on the ceiling surface is provided with the flat plate 102 having the light beam conversion surface or the exterior material having diffuse reflection, so that the irradiation light is spot-irradiated. This eliminates the need for wiring work on the ceiling and makes it possible to construct an economically advantageous system.
[0064]
[Embodiment 4]
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the fourth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the host-side optical transmission / reception device 600 has a light beam conversion surface 601 for diffusing transmitted light on the front surface of the light emitting element 108.
[0065]
Alternatively, as shown in (b), instead of the light beam conversion surface 601, a dust cover 602 for preventing dust intrusion is provided in the optical transceiver 600, and random and minute irregularities are formed on the front or back surface of the dust cover 602. And has a light beam conversion function.
[0066]
That is, in the above configuration, the projection light from each light emitting element 108 on the light transmission unit having narrow directivity or light condensing property is projected onto the light flux conversion surface by spot irradiation.
[0067]
[Embodiment 5]
By the way, when the above-described diffusion secondary light source 106 is disposed, it is desirable that the range be within a certain range in order to reduce the burden on the signal processing circuit in consideration of intersymbol interference. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIGS.
[0068]
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the receiving circuit according to the fifth embodiment. The amplifier 801 that amplifies the received optical signal, the bandpass filter 802, and the determination for determining the output of the bandpass filter 802 are performed. 803.
[0069]
In consideration of symmetry in FIG. 7, it is the terminal side that gives the maximum optical path difference among the secondary light sources 106 viewed from the terminal side optical transceiver 101 when the secondary light source is arranged on a substantially circumference of the radius r. The secondary light source 106a close to the optical transceiver 101 and the secondary light source 106b located symmetrically with respect to the center.
[0070]
When the optical path difference is ΔI, ΔI = 2rsinα. Considering that the speed of light is C and the secondary light source 106 is turned on, considering that the distance from the light emitting element 108 is shorter than the distance between the host-side optical transceiver 100 and the terminal-side transceiver 101. There is no problem in practical use. Therefore, the delay time Δt of the optical signal is given by ΔI / C.
[0071]
Here, when transmission is performed by On-Off-Keying (OOK), which is a modulation method that places the least burden on the light emitting element at the modulation speed, it is assumed that the signal is received by the receiving circuit shown in FIG. Assuming that the transmission rate of the signal here is B and the decision unit 803 samples at the center of the clock of the signal, the bit signal before the sampling point does not interfere. Therefore, if the distortion of the signal is small, Δt ≦ 1 / It is desirable to have a 2B relationship.
[0072]
That is, from the arrangement relationship between the actual host-side optical transceiver 100 (or 500, 600) and the terminal-side optical transceiver 101, sin α≈1, and the radius r is
r ≦ C / 4B (1)
It is desirable to satisfy the above formula (1).
[0073]
In practice, the upper limit of r is different depending on the distortion, modulation, and coding method of the signal, but at least if it is arranged wider than the above limit, intersymbol interference occurs, so it is necessary to perform some signal processing. In this case, the cost of equipment and transmission quality may be affected.
[0074]
As mentioned above, although embodiment which implement | achieves this invention was described, unless it deviates from the main point of this invention, it is not limited to these, Various other forms can be considered. For example, in FIG. 1, the exterior member of the room ceiling in which the spot diameter is adjusted and the light beam conversion surface is arranged may be used as it is.
[0075]
Further, in each of the above-described apparatuses, wavelength multiplexing may be performed by preparing a plurality of light emitting elements having different central emission wavelengths, a bandpass filter transparent to each wavelength, and a light receiving unit.
[0076]
Further, the terminal-side transmitting / receiving device 101 can be miniaturized, and further, an interface function with a PCMCIA card can be added to the interface circuit portion, so that it can be directly mounted in a card slot of a portable information device.
[0077]
[Embodiment 6]
By the way, according to the invention described in the above embodiment, since the light of the light emitting element is once diffused through the diffusive reflection surface and sent to the terminal side transmitting / receiving device, a wide reception area can be secured. . However, on the other hand, when optical communication is performed using diffused light, an average reception level can be lowered. For this reason, the following embodiment demonstrates the example which implement | achieves a wide irradiation range using diffused light, and ensures fixed transmission quality.
[0078]
(Configuration of Embodiment 6)
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical transmission / reception device according to the sixth embodiment and a system example using the device. In the sixth embodiment (FIG. 9), the configuration of the host-side optical transmitter / receiver provided on the ceiling side is different from the configuration of FIG. 1 described above, and the other configurations are basically the same.
[0079]
In other words, it is connected to a LAN side node (A) such as a HUB and is connected to a host side optical transmission / reception device 900 arranged on the indoor ceiling, and a terminal device (B) such as a personal computer (PC) or a portable information terminal, etc. 1 or a plurality of terminal-side optical transceivers 910 arranged in the network.
[0080]
The host-side optical transceiver 900 is provided with a lens array 901 as a light beam diffusing unit composed of a plurality of microlens groups in which light from the light-emitting elements is arranged in a predetermined positional relationship as a light emitting unit. A light receiving portion 902 for receiving an optical signal is provided at a substantially central portion. The terminal side optical transmission / reception device 910 receives an optical signal from the host side optical transmission / reception device 900 or transmits an optical signal to the device, and an interface circuit 912 including a circuit for performing signal processing and the like. And is composed of.
[0081]
Further, the configuration will be described in detail. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the host-side optical transceiver 900 in FIG. 9 in section. The host-side optical transmitter / receiver 900 modulates or encodes a light-emitting element 1001 including a lens system arranged at equal intervals on a substantially parallel circumference and a signal from the previous stage (A) suitable for optical space transmission, and emits light. A circuit board 1002 on which a circuit for driving the element 1001 and a signal processing circuit for processing a received signal and transmitting information to the previous stage (A) are mounted. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the lens array 901 is configured by closely packing convex lenses (microlenses) in substantially the same plane.
[0082]
The light receiving unit 902 has a light receiving element 1003 at a predetermined height at a substantially central position of the circuit board 1002 and a plane substantially parallel to the circuit board 1002, a hemispherical lens 1004 provided at the tip of the light receiving element 1003, And a filter 1005 for blocking visible light.
[0083]
Also, the optical transceiver 911 (receiver and light emitter) of the terminal side optical transceiver 910 passes through a filter for blocking unnecessary visible light on the surface of the light receiving element such as a pin structure photodiode having a wide field of view. A hemispherical lens is in close contact. When considering miniaturization, low power consumption, etc., one or a plurality of LED elements with relatively narrow directivity lenses are arranged in a housing (light transmitter / receiver 911) integrated with the light receiving portion, It is possible to adopt a configuration in which this is opposed to the host-side optical transmission / reception device 900 disposed on the ceiling for communication.
[0084]
(Operation of Embodiment 6)
Next, the operation of the optical transceiver configured as above will be described. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a light emission / light reception state according to the sixth embodiment. The host-side optical transceiver 900 drives the light emitting element 1001 based on a signal from a LAN node (A) such as a HUB. The light emitted from the light emitting element 1001 is applied to the lens array 901, where it is wavefront converted and emitted to the space. In other words, the irradiation light of the light emitting element 1001 is converted by the radiation angle by the NA (numerical aperture) of each lens constituting the lens array 901, and the terminal side optical transceiver 910 connected to the terminal device (B). Projected on.
[0085]
The reception range and light intensity state at this time are schematically shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, although the peak power is reduced by irradiating light through the lens array 901, the light amount distribution 1202 when directly radiating without using the lens array 901 is wide and uniform. A light quantity distribution 1201 can be obtained and a certain transmission quality can be ensured. Further, when the focal length of the lens used in the lens array 901 is as short as the lens radius, a wider irradiation range can be obtained.
[0086]
In addition, the hemispherical lens is closely attached to the surface of the light receiving element such as a pin structure photodiode having a wide field of view through the filter for blocking unnecessary visible light between the receiving unit and the light emitting unit of the terminal side optical transceiver 910. With this configuration, it is not necessary to align the optical axes, and communication at an arbitrary position is possible.
[0087]
[Embodiment 7]
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the seventh embodiment. In the seventh embodiment, the configuration of the lens array 901 is set so that the focal length is increased (lengthened) within a predetermined range as the distance from the lens 901a near the optical axis of the light emitting element 1001 increases.
[0088]
In this way, the longer the focal length is, the longer the focal distance is with respect to the lens 901a in the vicinity of the light emitting element 1001, so that the irradiation range becomes narrower with respect to the sixth embodiment described above, but the signal is output outside the predetermined range. It is possible to suppress excessive diffusion of light and to secure the irradiation light amount in the outer portion.
[0089]
That is, it is possible to reduce the diffusion effect of the signal light by the lens outside the light emitting element 1001 and increase the amount of irradiation light within a predetermined range. Therefore, the amount of light received by the terminal side optical transmission / reception device 910 increases due to the increase in the amount of irradiation light, thereby realizing a higher-speed transmission system.
[0090]
In addition, the lens array 901 is made of, for example, a resin substrate having the same lens array member, and the substrate surface is processed into a spherical surface by using an injection molding technique or the like, or a monomer that increases the refractive index is selectively thermally diffused. To make. This realizes an economical and highly productive device.
[0091]
[Embodiment 8]
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the eighth embodiment. In the eighth embodiment, instead of the lens array, a concave lens array 1401 having a minute reflecting surface as shown in FIG. 14 is provided on the circuit board 1002 side facing the terminal side optical transceiver 910 side. Further, the light emitting element 1001 emits light toward the concave curved surface plate 1401.
[0092]
As the concave lens array 1401, a concave lens array is formed on the surface of a member having high thermal conductivity, for example, a metal substrate such as aluminum. Further, if necessary, mirror processing or thin film formation for improving the reflectance may be performed inside the concave shape. The concave lens array 1401 formed in this way is attached in contact with part or all of the electronic circuit components that drive the light emitting element 1001 and the signal processing circuit components that process the received light signal. By bringing the concave lens array 1401 formed of a material having high thermal conductivity into contact with the circuit board 1002, the electronic components of the circuit board 1002 can be used in addition to speeding up optical communication by the light diffusion effect described above. The generated heat can be actively dissipated. Therefore, the reliability of the circuit is also improved.
[0093]
[Embodiment 9]
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the ninth embodiment. The ninth embodiment shows an example in which the function of the hemispherical lens 1004 (see FIG. 10) for condensing received light is provided on the lens array side. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, the lens array 1505 is provided with a condensing lens shape 1501a, and the lens array and the hemispherical lens are integrally configured.
[0094]
In this way, by adding the function of a condensing hemispherical lens to the lens array 1505, it is not necessary to provide a hemispherical lens separately, and the number of parts can be reduced.
[0095]
[Embodiment 10]
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of a lens array according to the tenth embodiment. In the lens array 901, as shown in FIG. 16, a minute uneven portion 1601 as a light diffusing means is added to a substrate surface portion other than the lens 1602 by polishing or the like. As a result, a light scattering effect by the lens 1602 and a scattering effect by the minute uneven portion 1601 are obtained. Therefore, the host-side optical transmission / reception device 900 can irradiate the terminal-side optical transmission / reception device 910 with light having a more uniform irradiation distribution, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency.
[0096]
[Embodiment 11]
FIG. 17 and FIG. 19 are explanatory diagrams showing the configuration of the optical transceiver according to the eleventh embodiment and the lens array portion thereof. In the eleventh embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 19, a lens array 1701 is formed and disposed on a spherical surface having a predetermined curvature so that the lens optical axis passes through the approximate center of the spherical surface. Further, the light emitting element 1001 is positioned at a substantially central portion of the spherical surface, and is set in a direction that coincides with a substantially optical axis direction of a predetermined lens of the lens array 1701.
[0097]
With this configuration, for example, as shown in FIG. 18, the optical axis of the lens 1802 away from the optical axis of the light emitting element 1001 is substantially coincident with the optical axis direction. It is possible to improve the loss.
[0098]
At this time, the light receiving unit and the light transmitting unit of the terminal-side optical transmission / reception device 910 are further accommodated in the casing of the optical transmission / reception unit 911, and the casing portion has a movable structure. Then, this is substantially opposed to the host-side optical transmission / reception device 900. As a result, the optical axis is optimized, so that the amount of received light can be further improved.
[0099]
Further, the terminal-side optical transceiver 910 emits signal light for optical axis adjustment by selection by a switch (not shown), and the other host-side optical transceiver 900 detects and compares the intensity of the signal light, and receives it. The terminal-side optical transceiver 910 is irradiated with signal light corresponding to the light intensity. The irradiated signal light is received by the terminal side optical transmission / reception device 910, and a means for blinking, for example, a plurality of LED display lights emitting different colors according to the received optical signal, is provided to the user to adjust the optical axis. By notifying the success / failure result, the optical axis can be adjusted easily.
[0100]
The optical transceiver according to the present invention can also increase the communication capacity by multiplexing wavelengths. In order to realize this, for example, the light emitting element 1001 of the light emitting unit (light transmitting unit) is constituted by a plurality of light emitting elements that emit light at different wavelengths, and a plurality of light receiving elements are used in the light receiving unit. At this time, a configuration in which only a corresponding wavelength is transmitted, for example, a band-pass filter using a multilayer thin film may be provided as the filter 1005 of each corresponding light receiving element.
[0101]
Although the embodiments for realizing the present invention have been described above, it is needless to say that various configurations are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the lens array is not particularly limited to resin molding, and a similar configuration can be adopted even if an existing optical glass is used. In addition, a dust cover that transmits signal light may be provided on the front surface of the optical transmission / reception device so as to prevent the surface of the lens array from becoming dirty due to dust. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the size of the terminal side optical transmission / reception device, add a function for interfacing with the PCMCIA card to the interface circuit portion, and directly mount it in the card slot of the portable information terminal device.
[0102]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, according to the optical transmitting and receiving apparatus according to the present invention (Claims 1 and 2), when the light signal having narrow directivity or light condensing property is spot-irradiated on the light beam conversion surface, the irradiated light is transmitted to the terminal. When viewed from the side optical transmitter / receiver, the secondary light source is artificially arranged on the light beam conversion surface, and the light signal is emitted from the secondary light source so that the light intensity distribution is relatively gentle within a predetermined range. In this case, the desired received light intensity can be maintained regardless of the position of other optical transmission / reception devices.In particular, the secondary light source is disposed within a radius r from the center of the light flux conversion surface, and satisfies the relationship r ≦ C / 4B where C is the speed of light in the air and B is the bit rate of the optical signal. Interference between signals can be reduced.Therefore, since each element is minimized and has an efficient arrangement, it is possible to economically reduce the size, and to realize low power consumption and light flux correspondence.
[0103]
  In addition, according to the optical transmitter / receiver according to the present invention (Claim 3), since the light beam conversion surface that transmits and diffuses the optical signal of the light transmitting means is provided on the front surface of the light transmitting means, further miniaturization can be promoted. Become.In particular, the secondary light source is disposed within a radius r from the center of the light flux conversion surface, and satisfies the relationship r ≦ C / 4B where C is the speed of light in the air and B is the bit rate of the optical signal. Interference between signals can be reduced.
[0104]
  Further, according to the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the present invention (claim 4), the optical transmission / reception apparatus configured on the support member is substantially perpendicular to the light beam conversion surface provided at a predetermined distance, such as an indoor ceiling. Since it is configured to emit an optical signal upward, troublesome wiring work such as a LAN cable to the ceiling can be omitted, and an economical system is realized.In particular, the secondary light source is disposed within a radius r from the center of the light flux conversion surface, and satisfies the relationship r ≦ C / 4B where C is the speed of light in the air and B is the bit rate of the optical signal. Interference between signals can be reduced.
[0105]
Further, according to the optical transmission / reception apparatus (Claim 5) of the present invention, by configuring one irradiation spot on the light beam conversion surface to form a secondary light source with a plurality of light emitting elements as a pair, A secondary light source having a sufficient amount of light can be obtained by effectively using a light emitting element.
[0106]
In addition, according to the optical transceiver according to the present invention (claim 6), in order to correct the deterioration of the viewing angle of the convex lens using the optical characteristics of the hemispherical lens, the light receiving intensity in a wide light receiving viewing angle is secured in a small space. can do.
[0108]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)7), When the host-side optical transmitter / receiver sends an optical signal to the terminal-side optical transmitter / receiver, the optical signal is diffused by projecting the light signal from the light-transmitting means by wavefront conversion by the light beam diffusing means. Therefore, a wide range and uniform light irradiation can be performed.
[0109]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)8), In order to suppress excessive diffusion of signal light by the outer lens and to increase the amount of irradiation light within a predetermined range, the amount of light received on the terminal side optical transmitter / receiver side is ensured. Can do.
[0110]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)9), The lens array member is formed on the same substrate, and the lens array substrate formed by processing the surface shape of the substrate or forming a predetermined refractive index distribution inside the substrate is used. Can be obtained economically.
[0111]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)10), The lens array is made of a reflection type made of a material with high thermal conductivity, and is attached in contact with all or part of the signal processing circuit component. It can dissipate heat.
[0112]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)11), Since the condensing lens for receiving the optical signal sent from the terminal side optical transceiver is integrated with the light diffusion lens array, it is not necessary to provide a condensing lens separately, which is economical. Will improve.
[0113]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)12), The area between the lens groups of the lens array is provided with a means for scattering the projection light from the light emitting element, for example, by forming minute irregularities on the surface. It is possible to scatter projection light that passes through the other.
[0114]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)13), The optical axis of the light emitting element and the corresponding lens are substantially aligned to form a curved lens array, so that the incident light is farther from the optical axis of the light emitting element than the flat lens array. The amount of light can be secured.
[0115]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)14), The terminal side optical transmitter / receiver itself is movable and adjusted with respect to the host side optical transmitter / receiver side. Therefore, the host side optical transmitter / receiver side can be easily adjusted to the position with the highest optical transmission / reception efficiency. Can do.
[0116]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)15), In addition to the above effects, the optical axis adjustment optical signal can be used to know the intensity, so that the optical axis adjustment can be performed accurately andEasyThis improves the workability of installation work.
[0117]
  An optical transceiver according to the present invention (claims)16) Realizes optical communication using a light emitting element and a light receiving element having different wavelengths, so that communication multiplexing and communication capacity can be increased.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical transmission / reception device according to a first embodiment and a system example using the device.
2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams showing a detailed configuration of the optical transmission / reception apparatus in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A is an external view, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional configuration diagram;
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a detailed configuration of the transmission / reception apparatus in FIG. 1;
FIGS. 4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams showing the arrangement and configuration of light emitting elements according to Embodiment 2, wherein FIG. 4A shows a case where light from one light emitting element is irradiated to one irradiation spot, and FIG. This is a case where light from the light emitting element is irradiated to one irradiation spot.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical transmission / reception device according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an optical transmission / reception apparatus according to a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement relationship of the optical transceiver according to the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a receiving circuit according to the fifth embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical transmission / reception device according to a sixth embodiment and a system example using the device.
10 is an explanatory diagram showing in cross section the configuration of the host-side optical transceiver in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing light emission / light reception states according to the sixth embodiment.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a light amount distribution and light intensity according to the sixth embodiment.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an optical transmission / reception device according to a seventh embodiment.
14 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an optical transmission / reception apparatus according to Embodiment 8. FIG.
15 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an optical transmission / reception apparatus according to Embodiment 9. FIG.
16 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a lens array according to Embodiment 10. FIG.
17 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a lens array portion of an optical transmission / reception device according to Embodiment 11. FIG.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a light irradiation state of the optical transceiver according to the eleventh embodiment.
FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of the optical transmission / reception apparatus according to the eleventh embodiment;
FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example (1) of a conventional optical transceiver.
21 is a plan view showing a configuration of a light transmission unit in FIG.
FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example (2) of a conventional optical transceiver.
FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example (3) of a conventional optical transceiver.
[Explanation of symbols]
100, 500, 600 Host-side optical transceiver
101,910 Terminal side optical transceiver
102 flat plate
103 Light receiver
105 Light receiving unit
106 Secondary light source
107 Light transmission unit
108, 301, 1001 Light emitting element
303 Convex lens
304,1004 hemispherical lens
401a Secondary light source
501 Support member
601 Light flux conversion surface
901, 1401, 1501, 1701 Lens array
1601 Minute irregularities

Claims

The host-side optical transceiver connected to a host computer on the network and the information terminal equipment distributed / arranged at an arbitrary location are connected to one or more terminal-side optical transceivers. In an optical transceiver that transmits and receives transmission using optical signals,
The host side optical transceiver is
A light transmission means provided with a light emitting element that emits an optical signal having a narrow directivity or light condensing property corresponding to transmission information;
A light receiving means provided with a light receiving element for receiving an optical signal from the terminal side optical transceiver;
A light beam conversion surface that diffuses and converts an optical signal projected from the light transmission means and transmits or reflects the light signal;
An optical signal is irradiated from the light emitting element to a predetermined position of the light beam conversion surface, and a secondary light source is formed on the light beam conversion surface as viewed from the terminal side optical transceiver, and the secondary light source is formed from the center of the light beam conversion surface. When the light velocity in the air is C and the bit rate of the optical signal is B, the relationship r ≦ C / 4B is satisfied, and light from the secondary light source is transmitted and received at the terminal side. An optical transceiver characterized by being sent to a device.

The host-side optical transceiver connected to a host computer on the network and the information terminal equipment distributed / arranged at an arbitrary location are connected to one or more terminal-side optical transceivers. In an optical transceiver that transmits and receives transmission using optical signals,
The host side optical transceiver is
A light flux conversion surface having a diffuse reflection surface on a flat plate and diffusing and reflecting an optical signal;
A light receiving means provided on a substantially parallel plane separated by a predetermined distance with respect to the light flux conversion surface and provided with a light receiving element for receiving an optical signal from the terminal side optical transceiver;
Light transmission comprising a plurality of light emitting elements that are arranged at substantially equal intervals on a substantially plane between the light receiving means and the light beam conversion surface, and that correspond to transmission information and emit optical signals having narrow directivity or light condensing properties. Means, and
An optical signal is irradiated from the light emitting element to a predetermined position of the light beam conversion surface, and a secondary light source is formed on the light beam conversion surface as viewed from the terminal side optical transceiver, and the secondary light source is formed from the center of the light beam conversion surface. When the light velocity in the air is C and the bit rate of the optical signal is B, the relationship r ≦ C / 4B is satisfied, and light from the secondary light source is transmitted and received at the terminal side. optical transceiver according to claim Rukoto sent to device.

The host-side optical transceiver connected to a host computer on the network and the information terminal equipment distributed / arranged at an arbitrary location are connected to one or more terminal-side optical transceivers. In an optical transceiver that transmits and receives transmission using optical signals,
The host side optical transceiver is
A light transmission means provided with a light emitting element that emits an optical signal having a narrow directivity or light condensing property corresponding to transmission information;
A light receiving means provided with a light receiving element for receiving an optical signal from the terminal side optical transceiver;
A light beam conversion surface provided on the front surface of the light transmission means, transmitting and diffusing the optical signal projected from the light transmission means, and sending the light signal to the terminal side optical transceiver ,
An optical signal is irradiated from the light emitting element to a predetermined position of the light beam conversion surface, and a secondary light source is formed on the light beam conversion surface as viewed from the terminal side optical transceiver, and the secondary light source is formed from the center of the light beam conversion surface. When the light velocity in the air is C and the bit rate of the optical signal is B, the relationship r ≦ C / 4B is satisfied, and light from the secondary light source is transmitted and received at the terminal side. optical transceiver and wherein the sending the device.

An optical signal is transmitted between the host-side optical transceiver connected to the host computer on the network and the terminal-side optical transceiver connected to the information terminal equipment distributed or arranged at any location. In an optical transmitter / receiver that transmits and receives using
The host side optical transceiver is
A light receiving means provided with a light receiving element for receiving an optical signal from the terminal side optical transceiver at a substantially central portion on a support member having a predetermined height; A light-emitting element that irradiates a light signal having a vertical characteristic in a substantially vertical direction, a light-transmitting means disposed at a substantially equal interval in a peripheral portion of the light-receiving means, a plane spaced a predetermined distance from the light-transmitting means, and It is installed at a position where light from the light emitting element is irradiated within a limited range of the plane, the optical signal projected from the light transmitting means is spot irradiated, and the irradiated light is transmitted to the terminal side optical transceiver A luminous flux conversion surface to be sent ,
An optical signal is irradiated from the light emitting element to a predetermined position of the light beam conversion surface, and a secondary light source is formed on the light beam conversion surface as viewed from the terminal side optical transceiver, and the secondary light source is formed from the center of the light beam conversion surface. When the light velocity in the air is C and the bit rate of the optical signal is B, the relationship r ≦ C / 4B is satisfied, and light from the secondary light source is transmitted and received at the terminal side. optical transceiver and wherein the sending the device.

Secondary light source of the light beam conversion surface, optical transceiver according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is formed by the irradiation of the plurality of light emitting elements.

Said light receiving means, light according to any one of claims 1 to 4 focal position of the convex lens and the convex lens is characterized in that it is constituted by the light receiving element with an integrated hemispherical lens such that the light receiving surface Transmitter / receiver.

The host-side optical transceiver connected to a host computer on the network and the information terminal equipment distributed / arranged at an arbitrary location are connected to one or more terminal-side optical transceivers. In an optical transceiver that transmits and receives transmission using optical signals,
The host side optical transceiver is
A light transmission means provided with a light emitting element that emits an optical signal having a narrow directivity or light condensing property corresponding to transmission information;
A light receiving means provided with a light receiving element for receiving an optical signal from the terminal side optical transceiver;
A light beam diffusing means for converting a wavefront of an optical signal from the light transmitting means and projecting it on the terminal-side optical transmitting and receiving device, using a lens array composed of micro lens groups;
An optical transmission / reception apparatus comprising:

8. The optical transmission / reception according to claim 7 , wherein the light beam diffusing unit is configured by a lens array in which a focal length is set longer toward the outside of a lens near the optical axis of a light emitting element of the light transmitting unit. apparatus.

2. The light beam diffusing means uses a lens array substrate in which a lens array member is formed in the same substrate and the surface shape of the substrate is processed or a predetermined refractive index distribution is formed inside the substrate. 8. The optical transmission / reception device according to 7 .

The light beam diffusing means includes a reflective lens array of a material having a high thermal conductivity as a substrate forming the lens array, the light beam diffusing means drives the light emitting element of the light transmitting means, and the light receiving means 8. The optical transmission / reception apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein all / part of the signal processing circuit component for processing the received light signal is brought into contact with the signal processing circuit part.

8. The optical transmission / reception apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the light beam diffusing unit integrally forms a condensing lens that collects light received by the light receiving unit.

8. The optical transmission / reception apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the light beam diffusing unit includes a lens group constituting a lens array and a light scattering unit that scatters light to a portion other than the lens group.

8. The optical transmission / reception device according to claim 7 , wherein the light beam diffusing unit is arranged in a curved surface shape having a predetermined curvature with the optical axes of the light emitting element of the light transmitting unit and the corresponding lens being substantially coincident with each other. .

In the terminal side optical transceiver, at least the light transmitting means and the light receiving means are arranged in the same casing, and the optical axes of the light transmitting means and the light receiving means are relative to the host side optical transceiver apparatus side. claims 1, characterized in that a configuration in which the movable and adjusted capable of sending and receiving position any one of 4, or an optical transceiver according to claim 7.

The housing is movable with respect to the host-side optical transmission / reception device side, receives an adjustment switch for irradiating and selecting an optical axis adjustment optical signal, and the optical axis adjustment optical signal; 15. The optical transmission / reception apparatus according to claim 14 , further comprising display means for displaying the light intensity.

A plurality of light emitting elements of different wavelengths, respectively, the optical transceiver according to a plurality of claims 1, characterized by using a light receiving element of any one of 4 or claim 7, which corresponds to the wavelength of the light emitting element apparatus.