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JP3698866B2 - Differential device - Google Patents
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JP3698866B2 - Differential device - Google Patents

Differential device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3698866B2
JP3698866B2 JP20605197A JP20605197A JP3698866B2 JP 3698866 B2 JP3698866 B2 JP 3698866B2 JP 20605197 A JP20605197 A JP 20605197A JP 20605197 A JP20605197 A JP 20605197A JP 3698866 B2 JP3698866 B2 JP 3698866B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
differential
tapered roller
bearings
shield plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP20605197A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH1148805A (en
Inventor
康夫 浅井
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
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Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
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Priority to JP20605197A priority Critical patent/JP3698866B2/en
Publication of JPH1148805A publication Critical patent/JPH1148805A/en
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Publication of JP3698866B2 publication Critical patent/JP3698866B2/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • F16C33/6674Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles related to the amount supplied, e.g. gaps to restrict flow of the liquid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/546Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F16C19/547Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings
    • F16C19/548Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings in O-arrangement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • F16C33/667Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles related to conditioning, e.g. cooling, filtering
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0469Bearings or seals
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38Constructional details
    • F16H48/42Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon
    • F16H2048/423Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon characterised by bearing arrangement

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、各種自動車の走行駆動系に用いられるデファレンシャル装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来のデファレンシャル装置として、例えば実開平2−58156号公報に示すようなものがある。
【0003】
この公報例のデファレンシャル装置は、一般的な構造であり、要するに、ドライブシャフトにより回転駆動されるピニオンギヤ軸と、このピニオンギヤにより回転駆動される差動変速機構とを備えており、前述のピニオンギヤ軸は、その軸方向に離れた2カ所がそれぞれ円錐ころ軸受を介して回転自在にデファレンシャルケースに対して支持されている。
【0004】
そして、前述の2つの円錐ころ軸受の潤滑形態としては、デファレンシャルケースに貯溜されるオイルを、リングギヤの回転に伴い上方に跳ね上げるようにし、このオイルを2つの円錐ころ軸受の中間部分に導いて、当該軸受内部へ流入させるようにしている。この円錐ころ軸受の内部を通過したオイルは、リングギヤ側へ戻される。このように、デファレンシャルケース内部において、オイルを循環させることにより、円錐ころ軸受の潤滑を行わせるようにしている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、一般的に、運転中においては、デファレンシャルケース内のオイルが、リングギヤによるオイル跳ね上げ作用によって、円錐ころ軸受の配置空間側へ偏る現象が起こる。このオイルの偏りは、高速回転になるほど顕著に発生するために、甚だしい場合には2つの円錐ころ軸受がオイル中に完全に浸かってしまう状態になることがある。
【0006】
このように、円錐ころ軸受がオイル中に完全に浸かった状態では、各円錐ころ軸受内へのオイル通過量が過剰になってしまい、内外輪の軌道面や円錐ころの外周面が損傷しやすくなる。というのは、通常、オイル中にはギヤ摩耗粉が含まれているため、前述のようにオイル通過量が多くなると、各円錐ころ軸受の内部を通過するギヤ摩耗粉の量が膨大になると言え、それが原因となって前述のような内部損傷が発生しやすくなるのである。
【0007】
したがって、本発明は、デファレンシャル装置において、各円錐ころ軸受の構成要素の軌道部分の損傷を抑制し、寿命向上を図ることを目的としている。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の第1のデファレンシャル装置は、デファレンシャルケース内のオイルを、ピニオンギヤによって回転駆動されるリングギヤの回転に伴い、上方に跳ね上げるとともに、前記デファレンシャルケースに対してピニオンギヤ軸の軸方向に離れた2カ所を回転自在に支持する2つの円錐ころ軸受の中間領域に導いた後、前記リングギヤ側に戻すようにしたオイル循環構造を有するデファレンシャル装置であって、前記両円錐ころ軸受の対向する端面の近傍に、上半分の領域から当該両軸受内へのオイル流入を制限するとともに下半分の領域から当該両軸受内へのオイルの流入を許容する障壁が設けられ、前記障壁は、デファレンシャルケース内の軸受装着壁の内周面に装着されるシールド板とされ、前記シールド板は、環状板の下半分を切欠いて馬蹄形状に形成されるものである。この場合、2つの円錐ころ軸受の上半分からのオイル流入を制限しているから、各円錐ころ軸受へのオイル通過総量が少なくなり、結果的にギヤ摩耗粉の侵入を低減できるようになる。但し、オイルは円錐ころ軸受の下半分から流入可能であるので、各円錐ころ軸受は適度に通過するオイルによって潤滑されることになる。また、既存のデファレンシャルケースを流用できるので、無駄なコストアップが避けられるようになる。さらに、シールド板を例えば打ち抜き加工などにより容易に製作できるようになるなど、コスト的に有利となる。
【0009】
本発明の第2のデファレンシャル装置は、デファレンシャルケース内のオイルを、ピニオンギヤによって回転駆動されるリングギヤの回転に伴い、上方に跳ね上げるとともに、前記デファレンシャルケースに対してピニオンギヤ軸の軸方向に離れた2カ所を回転自在に支持する2つの円錐ころ軸受の中間領域に導いた後、前記リングギヤ側に戻すようにしたオイル循環構造を有するデファレンシャル装置であって、前記両円錐ころ軸受の対向する端面の近傍に、上半分の領域から当該両軸受内へのオイル流入を制限するとともに下半分の領域から当該両軸受内へのオイルの流入を許容する障壁が設けられ、前記障壁は、デファレンシャルケース内の軸受装着壁の内周面に装着されるシールド板とされ、前記シールド板は、中心にピニオンギア軸の挿通孔が設けられているとともに下半分領域にオイル通路用の透孔が設けられている環状板とされている。この場合、2つの円錐ころ軸受の上半分からのオイル流入を制限しているから、各円錐ころ軸受へのオイル通過総量が少なくなり、結果的にギヤ摩耗粉の侵入を低減できるようになる。但し、オイルは円錐ころ軸受の下半分から流入可能であるので、各円錐ころ軸受は適度に通過するオイルによって潤滑されることになる。また、既存のデファレンシャルケースを流用できるので、無駄なコストアップが避けられるようになる。さらに、シールド板を例えば打ち抜き加工などにより容易に製作できるようになるなど、コスト的に有利となる。さらに、シールド板の全周を軸受装着壁に圧入嵌合などにより装着できるので、シールド板の固定強度が高められるとともに、シールド板の変形が避けられる。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の詳細を図1ないし図5に示す実施形態に基づいて説明する。
【0013】
図1ないし図3は本発明の一実施形態にかかり、図1は、自動車に使用されるデファレンシャル装置の縦断側面図、図2は、図1の(2)−(2)線断面の矢視図、図3は、図1のシールド板の斜視図である。
【0014】
図中、Aはデファレンシャル装置の全体を示しており、1はデファレンシャルケース、2は差動変速機構、3はピニオンギヤ、4はピニオンギヤ軸である。
【0015】
デファレンシャルケース1は、板金プレス製のケース本体1aと、ケース本体1aの前部に連結される鋳造製の軸受ケース部1bとからなり、これらの内部には、潤滑用のオイルが運転停止状態において図1および図2中にLで示すようなレベルで貯溜されている。なお、前述の軸受ケース部1bは、下記2つの円錐ころ軸受5,6が装着される2つの軸受装着用の環状壁13,14と、これら両環状壁13,14の中間部分に対して運転に伴い流動するオイルを導くためのオイル導入路11と、オイル導入路11から導かれたオイルをケース本体1a側へ戻すためのオイル還流路12とが設けられている。
【0016】
差動変速機構2は、図示しない左右の車軸を差動連動するもので、デファレンシャルケース1のケース本体1a側に配設されている。
【0017】
ピニオンギヤ3は、差動変速機構2のリングギヤ2aに噛合されるもので、ピニオンギヤ軸4の内端部に一体形成されている。
【0018】
ピニオンギヤ軸4は、その軸方向に離れた2カ所がそれぞれ円錐ころ軸受5,6を介してディファレンシャルケース1の軸受ケース部1bの所要位置に回転自在に支持されている。このピニオンギヤ軸4の外端部には、図示しないドライブシャフトが連結されるフランジ継手7が設けられている。つまり、ディファレンシャル装置Aでは、ピニオンギヤ軸4が駆動軸となり、前述の差動変速機構2を駆動するようになっている。
【0019】
そして、前述の2つの円錐ころ軸受5,6は、それらの間に介装される円筒形スペーサ8により相対位置が規定されている。また、ピニオンギヤ軸4の外端部側の外周面とディファレンシャルケース1の軸受ケース部1bの小端部側内周面との間には、外部へのオイル漏洩を防止するためのオイルシール9が装着されており、さらに、ピニオンギヤ軸4の外端部側には、オイルシール9を外部から隠蔽するためのシール保護カップ10が取り付けられている。なお、前側(図1右側)の円錐ころ軸受5は、軸受ケース部1bの小端部側開口から組み込まれ、また、後側(図1左側)の円錐ころ軸受6は、軸受ケース部1bの大端部側開口から組み込まれる。
【0020】
次に、本発明の特徴構成について説明する。つまり、ディファレンシャルケース1の軸受ケース部1bに、オイル導入路11に導かれるオイルが各円錐ころ軸受5,6の内部へその上半分から流入するのを阻止する一方で、各円錐ころ軸受5,6の内部へその下半分から流入するのを許容する障壁を設けている。この障壁として、この実施形態では、軸受ケース部1bと別体のシールド板15,15を利用している。具体的に、シールド板15,15は、図2および図3に示すように、中心にピニオンギヤ軸4の挿通孔を備えた環状板の下半部を切り欠いた馬蹄形状に形成されている。そして、これらシールド板15,15は、図1に示すように、軸受ケース部1bの軸受装着用の環状壁13,14の内周面において、それらの向き合う側の端縁に、各円錐ころ軸受5,6の向き合う側の端面の上半分を隠蔽するような状態で圧入嵌合されている。
【0021】
次に、上述したディファレンシャル装置Aの動作時におけるオイルの流れを簡単に説明する。
【0022】
ここで、差動変速機構2のリングギヤ2aは、例えば正転駆動状態において図1中の矢印で示すように、時計方向に回転駆動されるようになっており、このリングギヤ2aの回転により、ディファレンシャルケース1内のオイルが上方に跳ね上げられるようになる。
【0023】
このようにしてディファレンシャルケース1の上方に跳ね上げられてきたオイルは、軸受ケース部1bの上部に設けられているオイル導入路11から下方へ案内されて、2つ一対の円錐ころ軸受5,6の間へと流れる。
【0024】
ここで、前述のオイルは、シールド板15,15により各円錐ころ軸受5,6内への流入が阻止されるので、ピニオンギヤ軸4に外嵌される円筒形スペーサ8により左右に分流させられて、下方に落とされる。この下方に落ちたオイルの一部が、シールド板15,15の下半分の切欠きにより軸受装着用の環状壁13,14との間で形成されるオイル通路16から、シールド板15,15により隠蔽されていない各円錐ころ軸受5,6の内部に流入することになり、各円錐ころ軸受5,6を潤滑することになる。その一方で、下方に落ちた大半のオイルは、軸受ケース部1bのオイル還流路12によりケース本体1a側へ戻される。
【0025】
このように、ディファレンシャル装置Aの動作中は、ディファレンシャルケース1内のオイルが上述したような流路で循環されることになり、ディファレンシャル装置内部の各要素を潤滑するようになっている。但し、上述しているように、各円錐ころ軸受5,6の内部へのオイル流入量を規制しているから、結果的に、オイルに含まれるギヤ摩耗粉によって各円錐ころ軸受5,6が損傷するのを抑制できるようになり、各円錐ころ軸受5,6の耐久性向上に貢献できるようになる。しかも、各円錐ころ軸受5,6へのオイル流入を規制しているものの、各円錐ころ軸受5,6の下半分によりオイル流入を許容しているから、その潤滑作用としては十分なものとなる。
【0026】
なお、本発明は上記実施形態のみに限定されるものではなく、種々な応用や変形が考えられる。
【0027】
(1) 図4は、シールド板15の他の例を示している。ここでのシールド板15は、中心に円形の軸挿通孔17を備えた円板とされ、その下半部に適当な大きさの透孔18が適当数設けられている。この場合、シールド板15の全周が軸受装着用の環状壁13,14に圧入嵌合されるが、シールド板15の透孔18が上記実施形態でのオイル通路16を形成するようになる。
【0028】
(2) 図5は、シールド板15のさらに他の例を示している。ここでのシールド板15は、中心に長円形の軸挿通孔17を備えた円板とされている。この場合、シールド板15の軸挿通孔17においてピニオンギヤ軸4の挿通域を除く孔部分が上記実施形態でのオイル通路16となる。
【0029】
(3) 上記各シールド板15の組み込み形態としては、軸受装着用の環状壁13,14の奥部に形成した開口に、遊嵌状態で嵌め入れておいて、サークリップや円錐ころ軸受5,6の外輪自体でシールド板を抜け止め支持することも可能である。
【0030】
(4) 上記各実施形態では、軸受ケース部1bの障壁として別体のシールド板15を用いているが、軸受装着用の環状壁13,14の奥部を垂れ下げて一体形成したものも本発明に含む。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
請求項1または2の発明では、高速回転するリングギヤの跳ね上げによってケース内のオイルが両円錐ころ軸受の中間部位に多く供給されたとしても、障壁によって各円錐ころ軸受へのオイル流入を制限するように工夫しているから、各円錐ころ軸受へのオイル通過総量を少なくできるようになり、結果的にギヤ摩耗粉の侵入を低減できるようになる。したがって、円錐ころ軸受の構成要素の軌道の損傷を可及的に抑制できるようになって、軸受寿命の向上に貢献できるようになる。
【0032】
特に、障壁として、デファレンシャルケースと別体のシールド板を用いるようにしているから、既存のデファレンシャルケースを流用できるようになるなど、無駄なコストアップを避けることができる。しかも、このようなシールド板であれば、デファレンシャルケースの軸受装着壁に対して圧入嵌合により装着できるので、シールド板の形状精度を比較的低くすることができるとともに、その組付けも容易となる他、肉厚を厚くすることで耐圧性を高く設定することができる。
【0033】
また、請求項1,2の発明では、シールド板を例えば打ち抜き加工などにより容易に製作できるようになるなど、コスト的に有利となる。しかも、請求項の発明では、上記効果に加えて、シールド板の全周を軸受装着壁に圧入嵌合などにより装着できるので、シールド板の固定強度を高めることができるとともに、シールド板の変形を回避できるようになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態のデファレンシャル装置の縦断側面図
【図2】図1の(2)−(2)線断面の矢視図
【図3】図1のシールド板の斜視図
【図4】図3のシールド板の他の例を示す斜視図
【図5】図3のシールド板のさらに他の例を示す正面図
【符号の説明】
1 デファレンシャルケース
1a ケース本体
1b 軸受ケース部
2 差動変速機構
2a リングギヤ
3 ピニオンギヤ
4 ピニオンギヤ軸
5,6 円錐ころ軸受
11 軸受ケース部のオイル導入路
12 軸受ケース部のオイル還流路
13,14 軸受ケース部の軸受装着用の環状壁
15 シールド板
16 オイル通路
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a differential device used in a traveling drive system of various automobiles.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional differential device, for example, there is one as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-58156.
[0003]
The differential apparatus of this publication example has a general structure. In short, the differential apparatus includes a pinion gear shaft that is rotationally driven by a drive shaft, and a differential transmission mechanism that is rotationally driven by the pinion gear, and the above-described pinion gear shaft is The two locations separated in the axial direction are rotatably supported by the differential case via tapered roller bearings.
[0004]
As a lubricating form of the above-mentioned two tapered roller bearings, the oil stored in the differential case is caused to splash upward with the rotation of the ring gear, and this oil is guided to the middle part of the two tapered roller bearings. , So as to flow into the bearing. The oil that has passed through the tapered roller bearing is returned to the ring gear side. In this way, the tapered roller bearing is lubricated by circulating the oil inside the differential case.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in general, during operation, a phenomenon occurs in which the oil in the differential case is biased toward the arrangement space side of the tapered roller bearing due to the oil splashing action by the ring gear. Since the oil bias is more noticeable as the rotation speed is higher, in a severe case, the two tapered roller bearings may be completely immersed in the oil.
[0006]
As described above, when the tapered roller bearing is completely immersed in the oil, the amount of oil passing through each tapered roller bearing becomes excessive, and the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings and the outer peripheral surface of the tapered rollers are easily damaged. Become. This is because oil usually contains gear wear powder, so if the amount of oil passing increases as described above, the amount of gear wear powder passing through the inside of each tapered roller bearing becomes enormous. As a result, internal damage as described above is likely to occur.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to suppress damage to the raceway portions of the components of each tapered roller bearing in the differential device and to improve the life.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first differential device of the present invention, the oil in the differential case jumps upward as the ring gear rotated by the pinion gear rotates, and is separated from the differential case in the axial direction of the pinion gear shaft. A differential device having an oil circulation structure that is guided to an intermediate region of two tapered roller bearings that rotatably support a portion and then returned to the ring gear side, in the vicinity of opposing end surfaces of the two tapered roller bearings Are provided with a barrier that restricts the oil inflow from the upper half region into the bearings and allows the oil to flow from the lower half region into the bearings. The barrier is a bearing in the differential case. The shield plate is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the mounting wall, and the shield plate cuts the lower half of the annular plate. Are those formed in the horseshoe shape are. In this case, since the oil inflow from the upper half of the two tapered roller bearings is limited, the total amount of oil passing through each tapered roller bearing is reduced, and as a result, intrusion of gear wear powder can be reduced. However, since oil can flow in from the lower half of the tapered roller bearing, each tapered roller bearing is lubricated by the oil that passes appropriately. In addition, since an existing differential case can be used, unnecessary cost increases can be avoided. Furthermore, the shield plate can be easily manufactured, for example, by punching, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
[0009]
According to the second differential device of the present invention, the oil in the differential case jumps upward with the rotation of the ring gear driven to rotate by the pinion gear, and is separated from the differential case in the axial direction of the pinion gear shaft. A differential device having an oil circulation structure that is guided to an intermediate region of two tapered roller bearings that rotatably support a portion and then returned to the ring gear side, in the vicinity of opposing end surfaces of the two tapered roller bearings Are provided with a barrier that restricts the oil inflow from the upper half region into the bearings and allows the oil to flow from the lower half region into the bearings. The barrier is a bearing in the differential case. The shield plate is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the mounting wall, and the shield plate has a pinion gear at the center. There is a circular plate having a through hole for the oil passage is provided in the lower half area with insertion hole is provided. In this case, since the oil inflow from the upper half of the two tapered roller bearings is limited, the total amount of oil passing through each tapered roller bearing is reduced, and as a result, intrusion of gear wear powder can be reduced. However, since oil can flow in from the lower half of the tapered roller bearing, each tapered roller bearing is lubricated by the oil that passes appropriately. In addition, since an existing differential case can be used, unnecessary cost increases can be avoided. Furthermore, the shield plate can be easily manufactured, for example, by punching, which is advantageous in terms of cost. Further, since the entire circumference of the shield plate can be mounted on the bearing mounting wall by press-fitting or the like, the fixing strength of the shield plate can be increased and deformation of the shield plate can be avoided.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The details of the present invention will be described below based on the embodiment shown in FIGS.
[0013]
1 to 3 relate to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of a differential device used in an automobile, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line (2)-(2) in FIG. FIG. 3 and FIG. 3 are perspective views of the shield plate of FIG.
[0014]
In the figure, A indicates the entire differential device, where 1 is a differential case, 2 is a differential transmission mechanism, 3 is a pinion gear, and 4 is a pinion gear shaft.
[0015]
The differential case 1 includes a case main body 1a made of a sheet metal press and a cast bearing case portion 1b connected to a front portion of the case main body 1a. In these, lubricating oil is in a stopped state. 1 and 2 are stored at a level indicated by L. The above-described bearing case portion 1b operates with respect to two bearing mounting annular walls 13 and 14 to which the following two tapered roller bearings 5 and 6 are mounted, and an intermediate portion between the two annular walls 13 and 14. Accordingly, there are provided an oil introduction path 11 for guiding the flowing oil, and an oil return path 12 for returning the oil guided from the oil introduction path 11 to the case body 1a side.
[0016]
The differential transmission mechanism 2 is configured to differentially link left and right axles (not shown), and is disposed on the case body 1a side of the differential case 1.
[0017]
The pinion gear 3 is meshed with the ring gear 2 a of the differential transmission mechanism 2 and is formed integrally with the inner end portion of the pinion gear shaft 4.
[0018]
The pinion gear shaft 4 is rotatably supported at two required positions in the axial direction in the bearing case portion 1b of the differential case 1 via tapered roller bearings 5 and 6, respectively. A flange joint 7 to which a drive shaft (not shown) is connected is provided at the outer end of the pinion gear shaft 4. That is, in the differential device A, the pinion gear shaft 4 serves as a drive shaft and drives the above-described differential transmission mechanism 2.
[0019]
The relative positions of the above-mentioned two tapered roller bearings 5 and 6 are defined by a cylindrical spacer 8 interposed therebetween. An oil seal 9 is provided between the outer peripheral surface on the outer end side of the pinion gear shaft 4 and the inner peripheral surface on the small end side of the bearing case portion 1b of the differential case 1 to prevent oil leakage to the outside. Further, a seal protection cup 10 for concealing the oil seal 9 from the outside is attached to the outer end side of the pinion gear shaft 4. The tapered roller bearing 5 on the front side (right side in FIG. 1) is incorporated from the small end side opening of the bearing case portion 1b, and the tapered roller bearing 6 on the rear side (left side in FIG. 1) is connected to the bearing case portion 1b. It is incorporated from the large end side opening.
[0020]
Next, the characteristic configuration of the present invention will be described. In other words, the oil guided to the oil introduction path 11 is prevented from flowing into the inside of each tapered roller bearing 5, 6 from the upper half thereof into the bearing case portion 1 b of the differential case 1, while each tapered roller bearing 5, 5. A barrier is provided to allow the interior of 6 to flow from its lower half. In this embodiment, shield plates 15 and 15 that are separate from the bearing case portion 1b are used as this barrier. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the shield plates 15, 15 are formed in a horseshoe shape in which the lower half of an annular plate provided with an insertion hole for the pinion gear shaft 4 at the center is cut out. As shown in FIG. 1, the shield plates 15 and 15 are provided on the inner peripheral surfaces of the bearing mounting annular walls 13 and 14 of the bearing case portion 1 b on the tapered edges of the tapered roller bearings on the opposite edges. It is press-fitted so as to conceal the upper half of the end faces on the opposite sides of 5 and 6.
[0021]
Next, the oil flow during the operation of the above-described differential device A will be briefly described.
[0022]
Here, the ring gear 2a of the differential transmission mechanism 2 is rotated in the clockwise direction, for example, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 1 in the forward rotation driving state, and the differential is caused by the rotation of the ring gear 2a. The oil in the case 1 will be splashed upward.
[0023]
The oil splashed upward in the differential case 1 in this way is guided downward from the oil introduction path 11 provided in the upper part of the bearing case portion 1b, so that two pairs of tapered roller bearings 5, 6 are provided. It flows between.
[0024]
Here, since the oil described above is prevented from flowing into the tapered roller bearings 5 and 6 by the shield plates 15 and 15, the oil is divided into left and right by the cylindrical spacer 8 fitted on the pinion gear shaft 4. , Dropped down. Part of the oil that has fallen downward is shielded by the shield plates 15 and 15 from the oil passage 16 formed between the shield plates 15 and 15 and the annular walls 13 and 14 for mounting the bearings by notches in the lower half of the shield plates 15 and 15. The tapered roller bearings 5 and 6 are lubricated by flowing into the tapered roller bearings 5 and 6 which are not concealed. On the other hand, most of the oil that has fallen downward is returned to the case main body 1a side by the oil return path 12 of the bearing case portion 1b.
[0025]
As described above, during the operation of the differential device A, the oil in the differential case 1 is circulated through the flow path as described above to lubricate each element in the differential device. However, as described above, the amount of oil flowing into the tapered roller bearings 5 and 6 is restricted, and as a result, the tapered roller bearings 5 and 6 are caused by gear wear powder contained in the oil. It becomes possible to suppress damage, and to contribute to improving the durability of the tapered roller bearings 5 and 6. In addition, although the oil inflow to the tapered roller bearings 5 and 6 is restricted, the lower half of each of the tapered roller bearings 5 and 6 allows the oil to flow, so that the lubricating action is sufficient. .
[0026]
In addition, this invention is not limited only to the said embodiment, Various application and deformation | transformation can be considered.
[0027]
(1) FIG. 4 shows another example of the shield plate 15. Here, the shield plate 15 is a disc having a circular shaft insertion hole 17 in the center, and an appropriate number of through holes 18 of an appropriate size are provided in the lower half thereof. In this case, the entire circumference of the shield plate 15 is press-fitted into the bearing mounting annular walls 13 and 14, but the through holes 18 of the shield plate 15 form the oil passage 16 in the above embodiment.
[0028]
(2) FIG. 5 shows still another example of the shield plate 15. Here, the shield plate 15 is a disc having an oval shaft insertion hole 17 in the center. In this case, the hole portion of the shaft insertion hole 17 of the shield plate 15 excluding the insertion region of the pinion gear shaft 4 becomes the oil passage 16 in the above embodiment.
[0029]
(3) As a form of incorporation of each of the shield plates 15, a circlip or a tapered roller bearing 5, which is fitted in an opening formed in the inner part of the annular walls 13 and 14 for bearing mounting in a loosely fitted state. It is also possible to support the shield plate with the outer ring 6 itself.
[0030]
(4) In each of the above embodiments, the separate shield plate 15 is used as the barrier of the bearing case portion 1b. However, the one formed integrally by hanging down the inner portions of the annular walls 13 and 14 for mounting the bearings. Included in the invention.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
In the first or second aspect of the invention, even if a large amount of oil in the case is supplied to the intermediate portion of the double tapered roller bearing by the spring-up of the ring gear rotating at high speed, the oil flow into each tapered roller bearing is limited by the barrier. Thus, the total amount of oil passing through each tapered roller bearing can be reduced, and as a result, the penetration of gear wear powder can be reduced. Therefore, the damage to the raceway of the component of the tapered roller bearing can be suppressed as much as possible, and the bearing life can be improved.
[0032]
In particular, as the barriers, because they to use a shield plate of the differential case and another member, such as will be able to divert the existing differential case, it is possible to avoid unnecessary costs. In addition, such a shield plate can be mounted by press-fitting to the bearing mounting wall of the differential case, so that the shape accuracy of the shield plate can be made relatively low and its assembly is facilitated. In addition, the pressure resistance can be set high by increasing the thickness.
[0033]
In the first and second aspects of the invention, the shield plate can be easily manufactured, for example, by punching, which is advantageous in terms of cost. Moreover, in addition to the above effects, the invention of claim 2 can mount the entire circumference of the shield plate on the bearing mounting wall by press fitting or the like, so that the fixing strength of the shield plate can be increased and the deformation of the shield plate can be improved. Can be avoided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a longitudinal side view of a differential device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line (2)-(2) of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a shield plate of FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another example of the shield plate of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a front view showing still another example of the shield plate of FIG.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Differential case 1a Case main body 1b Bearing case part 2 Differential transmission mechanism 2a Ring gear 3 Pinion gear 4 Pinion gear shaft 5, 6 Tapered roller bearing 11 Oil introduction path 12 of bearing case part Oil return path 13 and 14 of bearing case part Bearing case part Annular wall 15 for mounting the bearing of the shield plate 16 oil passage

Claims (2)

デファレンシャルケース内のオイルを、ピニオンギヤによって回転駆動されるリングギヤの回転に伴い、上方に跳ね上げるとともに、前記デファレンシャルケースに対してピニオンギヤ軸の軸方向に離れた2カ所を回転自在に支持する2つの円錐ころ軸受の中間領域に導いた後、前記リングギヤ側に戻すようにしたオイル循環構造を有するデファレンシャル装置であって、
前記両円錐ころ軸受の対向する端面の近傍に、上半分の領域から当該両軸受内へのオイル流入を制限するとともに下半分の領域から当該両軸受内へのオイルの流入を許容する障壁が設けられ、
前記障壁は、デファレンシャルケース内の軸受装着壁の内周面に装着されるシールド板とされ、
前記シールド板は、環状板の下半分を切欠いて馬蹄形状に形成されるものである、ことを特徴とするデファレンシャル装置。
As the ring gear driven by the pinion gear rotates, the oil in the differential case jumps upward, and two cones that rotatably support the differential case at two locations separated in the axial direction of the pinion gear shaft A differential device having an oil circulation structure that is guided to an intermediate region of a roller bearing and then returned to the ring gear side,
A barrier is provided in the vicinity of the opposing end surfaces of the two tapered roller bearings to restrict the oil inflow from the upper half area into the two bearings and allow the oil to flow into the two bearings from the lower half area. And
The barrier is a shield plate mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing mounting wall in the differential case,
The differential plate according to claim 1, wherein the shield plate is formed in a horseshoe shape by cutting out the lower half of the annular plate .
デファレンシャルケース内のオイルを、ピニオンギヤによって回転駆動されるリングギヤの回転に伴い、上方に跳ね上げるとともに、前記デファレンシャルケースに対してピニオンギヤ軸の軸方向に離れた2カ所を回転自在に支持する2つの円錐ころ軸受の中間領域に導いた後、前記リングギヤ側に戻すようにしたオイル循環構造を有するデファレンシャル装置であって、
前記両円錐ころ軸受の対向する端面の近傍に、上半分の領域から当該両軸受内へのオイル流入を制限するとともに下半分の領域から当該両軸受内へのオイルの流入を許容する障壁が設けられ、
前記障壁は、デファレンシャルケース内の軸受装着壁の内周面に装着されるシールド板とされ、
前記シールド板は、中心にピニオンギ軸の挿通孔が設けられているとともに下半分領域にオイル通路用の透孔が設けられている環状板とされている、ことを特徴とするデファレンシャル装置。
As the ring gear driven by the pinion gear rotates, the oil in the differential case jumps upward, and two cones that rotatably support the differential case at two locations separated in the axial direction of the pinion gear shaft A differential device having an oil circulation structure that is guided to an intermediate region of a roller bearing and then returned to the ring gear side,
A barrier is provided in the vicinity of the opposing end surfaces of the two tapered roller bearings to restrict the oil inflow from the upper half area into the two bearings and allow the oil to flow into the two bearings from the lower half area. And
The barrier is a shield plate mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing mounting wall in the differential case,
The shield plate is differential apparatus according to claim Piniongi with insertion hole of the Ya-axis is provided through holes for oil passage lower half area is an annular plate provided, it mainly.
JP20605197A 1997-07-31 1997-07-31 Differential device Expired - Fee Related JP3698866B2 (en)

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JP2005273796A (en) 2004-03-25 2005-10-06 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd Bearing device for supporting pinion shaft
JP4569147B2 (en) * 2004-03-30 2010-10-27 マツダ株式会社 Breather structure of differential equipment
DE102004031470A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-26 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Oil supply
JP4449815B2 (en) 2005-04-28 2010-04-14 株式会社ジェイテクト Liquid lubricated tapered roller bearing device and vehicle pinion shaft support device
JP2006329257A (en) * 2005-05-24 2006-12-07 Jtekt Corp Pinion shaft support device for vehicle
JP4635838B2 (en) 2005-11-15 2011-02-23 株式会社ジェイテクト Liquid lubricated tapered roller bearing device
JP2007205429A (en) * 2006-01-31 2007-08-16 Jtekt Corp Pinion shaft ball bearings
JPWO2008087926A1 (en) 2007-01-15 2010-05-06 株式会社ジェイテクト Tapered roller bearings
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EP2503168B1 (en) 2009-11-19 2018-07-04 NSK Ltd. Rotation support device for pinion shaft
US8794843B2 (en) 2009-11-19 2014-08-05 Nsk Ltd. Rotation support device for pinion shaft
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