JP3703535B2 - Fish intrusion prevention device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fish intrusion prevention apparatus installed in an intake channel branched from a river.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Rivers are sometimes provided with intake channels for agriculture, industry, and hydroelectric power generation, and fish often enter these intake channels during intake. Measures are usually taken to prevent the entry of fish, as fish that enter the intake channel may infringe on fishing rights.
[0003]
As a countermeasure, it is common to install a net at the intake of the intake channel to prevent fish from entering, but if the network of the net is not made sufficiently small, small fish will dive into the intake channel. Inconvenience occurs. Therefore, if the mesh is made small in order to eliminate such inconvenience, algae or the like adheres to the net and grows, thereby causing a new problem that the mesh is easily blocked and a predetermined amount of water intake cannot be secured. .
[0004]
Therefore, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-111143, a net stretched around the intake of the intake channel is always moved up and down, and the movement of this net gives a sense of awe to the fish, thereby taking the fish into the intake. A fish intrusion prevention device that is not allowed to approach is disclosed. By exercising the net, fish are surprised by this movement and do not get close to the net, so that the invasion of fish can be prevented without making the mesh small.
[0005]
Further, in JP-A-3-247810, electrodes that are opposite to each other in the vertical direction are provided along both side wall surfaces of the intake channel, and a voltage barrier region is formed between the electrodes by applying a voltage to these electrodes. A fish intrusion prevention device is disclosed in which fish is prevented from entering the intake channel by repelling the voltage barrier region.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the fish intrusion prevention device for moving the net up and down disclosed in the Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-111143, the power is always required for the movement of the net, which increases the energy cost. Has a point.
[0007]
Further, the fish intrusion prevention device for applying a voltage to the electrode disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-247810 has a problem that power must be constantly supplied to the electrode, resulting in an increase in power cost. Yes.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and does not incur any energy cost during operation, and can prevent fish from entering the intake channel with certainty. The object is to provide a device.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the fish intrusion prevention device of the present invention , the support frame 3 is constituted by the left and right vertical frame members 31 and the upper and lower horizontal frame members 32, and rattling is caused in the door groove 12 a formed on the inner wall surface of the intake channel 12. The vertical frame member 31 having the prevention shoe 22 projecting thereon is fitted, and the support frame 3 is crossed into the intake passage 12 between the bar screen 15 that prevents foreign substances from flowing in and the intake gate 14 that moves up and down. On the other hand, the support shaft 45 is provided with a plurality of rotary blades 43 that rotate by a water flow so as to extend over substantially the entire length in the longitudinal direction, and the upper and lower ends of the support shaft 45 are The upper bearing 33b of the upper horizontal frame member 32 and the lower bearing 33a of the lower horizontal frame member 32 are supported while being fitted, and the tapered sharpened portion 45a at the lower end of the support shaft 45 is pointed. In contact with the bottom plate 33f in the lower bearing 35a. It is, is characterized in that the through-hole 33b, 32a is bored in the bottom plate 33f and the horizontal frame member 32.
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the rotating blade of the fish intrusion prevention device between the bar screen and the intake gate rotates around the support shaft by the water flow of the intake channel, and the fish is afraid of this rotation and avoids the rotating blade, This reliably prevents the fish from entering the water intake channel and is advantageous in preventing the fish from entering the water intake channel. Since this rotating blade rotates only by a water flow without relying on external power, there is no energy cost in operating the fish stray device, which is convenient for reducing the operating cost of the device. is there.
[0011]
In addition, since the rotary blades are provided on the support shaft in a radial direction so as to cover the entire length of the support shaft in the longitudinal direction, the space volume occupied by the rotary blades in the water increases, which causes the fear of fish. Is very effective in reliably preventing fish from entering the intake channel.
[0012]
Further, since the upper and lower ends of the support shaft are supported in a state where they are fitted into the upper bearing and the lower bearing of the support frame, the intake of the rotating blades can be taken in by attaching and detaching the support frame to the door groove of the water channel. It can be easily attached to the road and removed from the intake channel, which is effective in facilitating the maintenance and management of the fish stray device.
[0013]
Further, since the rattle for preventing rattling is provided on the vertical frame member, the support frame fitted with the door groove does not rattle. Furthermore, since the tapered sharpened portion of the support shaft is brought into contact with the bottom plate in the lower bearing in a point contact state, it becomes easy to rotate around the axis of the support shaft of the rotary blade. Further, since the through hole is formed in the bottom plate and the horizontal frame member in the lower bearing, foreign matters such as dust entering the lower bearing are discharged to the lower part through the through hole.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a water intake channel to which the fish intrusion prevention device of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. As shown in these drawings, a water intake 1a is provided on one bank 11 of the main river 1, and a water intake path 12 is branched from the water intake 1a. A water intake weir 13 is provided on the downstream side of the intake channel 12 of the main river 1, and the amount of inflow water flowing into the intake channel 12 is secured by blocking the water flow of the main river 1 by the intake weir 13. .
[0015]
A water intake gate 14 is provided at a portion downstream of the water intake port 1 a of the water intake passage 12 by a predetermined distance. The intake gate 14 is pulled upward as shown by a solid line at the time of water intake so that the water flow is directed to the downstream side of the intake channel 12, and when intake is stopped, the water intake gate 14 is lowered downward as shown by a two-dot chain line, and downstream of the water flow. Inflow to the side is prevented.
[0016]
A bar screen 15 is provided slightly downstream from the intake port 1a so as to cross the intake channel 12, and the bar screen 15 prevents foreign substances from flowing into the intake channel 12 from the mainstream river 1. Yes. The fish intrusion prevention device 2 is mounted between the bar screen 15 and the intake gate 14 so as to cross the intake channel 12.
[0017]
In the present embodiment, the fish intrusion prevention device 2 and the bar screen 15 are formed independently of each other, but the bar screen 15 is fixed upstream of the fish intrusion prevention device 2, thereby the fish intrusion prevention device 2. And the bar screen 15 may be integrated.
[0018]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the first embodiment of the fish intrusion prevention apparatus. As shown in this figure, the fish intrusion prevention device 2 includes a support frame 3 and a rotary blade member 4 provided in the support frame 3. The support frame 3 includes a pair of left and right vertical frame members 31 and a pair of upper and lower horizontal frame members (frame members) 32 integrally bridged between the upper end portions and the lower end portions of the pair of vertical frame members 31. It is configured.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, the vertical frame member 31 and the horizontal frame member 32 are each made of U-shaped stainless steel channel steel in a cross-sectional view, but instead of using a U-shaped one in a cross-sectional view. Any material that is structurally strong, such as a rectangular shape in cross-sectional view, an H shape, or an L shape, can be used. Moreover, instead of using a stainless steel material, a soft steel material, aluminum material, aluminum alloy material, or synthetic resin material may be used. They are cut into predetermined dimensions (for example, the length of 1/1 to 1/3 of the depth dimension of the intake channel 12 and the length of the width dimension of the intake channel 12), respectively, and the vertical frame member 31 and the horizontal frame member. 32. The vertical frame member 31 is disposed so that the grooves face each other, and the horizontal frame member 32 is disposed so that the back surfaces of the grooves face each other. Between the pair of upper and lower horizontal frame members 32 of the support frame 3, a plurality of rotary blade members 4 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.
[0020]
In the present embodiment, the gap dimension between the rotary blade members 4 is set to approximately 200 mm. However, the gap dimension is not limited, and various types of fish intrusion prevention devices 2 set to various gap dimensions can be used. A repelling test may be performed on each fish, and a gap size may be set according to each fish.
[0021]
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the rotary blade member, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. As shown in these drawings, the rotary blade member 4 includes a disk 41 provided at the top and bottom, a cylindrical body 42 concentrically sandwiched between the upper and lower disks 41, and a radial shape from the cylindrical body 42. And a support shaft 45 penetrating the disk 41 and the cylindrical body 42. A tapered point 45 a is formed at the lower end of the support shaft 45.
[0022]
The rotary blade 43 extends in the vertical direction between the pair of upper and lower disks 41 in parallel with the cylindrical body 42. As shown in FIG. 6, such a rotating blade 43 is formed by a curved plate that is curved in an arc shape in plan view, and is arranged so that the bulging direction of the curved plate is in the same direction in the circumferential direction. . The upper and lower ends of the rotary blade 43 are fixed integrally to the upper and lower disks 41, and the upper and lower disks 41 and the support shaft 45 are fixed together by welding or the like, whereby the rotary blade 43 Is reinforced. In addition, when the intensity | strength of the rotary blade 43 is high, it is not necessary to provide the said disc 41 especially.
[0023]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a support structure between the horizontal frame members of the rotary blade member. As shown in this figure, a lower bearing 33a is provided on the upper surface portion of the lower horizontal frame member 32, and an upper bearing 33b is provided on the lower surface portion of the upper horizontal frame member 32, and both the bearings 33a are provided. The rotating blade member 4 is mounted between the upper and lower horizontal frame members 32 with the upper and lower end portions of the support shaft 45 fitted in the shaft holes 33c and 33d of 33b.
[0024]
A hollow portion 33e is formed inside the lower bearing 33a, and a bottom plate 33f is provided below the hollow portion 33e, and the tip of the sharpened portion 45a of the support shaft 45 fitted into the shaft hole 33c is point-contacted. The bottom plate 33f is stopped in a state. By supporting the support shaft 45 in this point contact state, the rotary blade member 4 is in a state where it can easily rotate around the axis of the support shaft 45.
[0025]
A through hole 33g is formed at an appropriate position of the bottom plate 33f, and a through hole 32a is also formed in a portion corresponding to the through hole 33g of the horizontal frame member 32 so as to enter the hollow portion 33e. Foreign matter such as dust is discharged through the through holes 33g and 32a to the lower part.
[0026]
And in this embodiment, the cylindrical body 42 and the rotary blade 43 are integrally shape | molded by the injection molding method from the synthetic resin as a raw material. As the synthetic resin, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile styrene copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like are preferably used. Note that the cylindrical body 42 and the rotating blades 43 may be made of metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, or may be made of wood, instead of being made of synthetic resin.
[0027]
In addition, about the material and surface color of the said rotary blade 43, the repelling test which targets various fish should be performed, and what is necessary is just to select it based on this test result.
[0028]
FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a state where the fish intrusion prevention device is mounted on the intake channel. As shown in this figure, the inner wall surface of the intake channel 12 has a U-shape in plan view, and a door groove 12a whose width is set slightly larger than the thickness of the support frame 3 is provided in the intake channel 12. It is provided over the entire length of the side wall surface in the vertical direction, and the fish intrusion prevention device 2 is mounted in the intake channel 12 in a transverse state by the vertical frame member 31 being fitted into the door groove 12a. It has become. In the example shown in FIG. 8, three fish intrusion prevention devices 2 are sequentially fitted in the door grooves 12 a, and the three fish intrusion prevention devices 2 cover the groove depth of the intake channel 12.
[0029]
Further, the vertical frame member 31 of the support frame 3 has a front shoe 22 projecting from the upper and lower portions of one side surface, thereby reducing the gap when the support frame 3 is mounted in the door groove 12a. It is configured to prevent “rattle” of the intrusion prevention device 2.
[0030]
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the fish intrusion prevention apparatus. In the fish intrusion prevention device 2 a of this embodiment, a part of the rotary blade member 4 is replaced with a support pipe 21. Others are the same as the fish intrusion prevention apparatus 2 of the first embodiment. Specifically, through holes 34 are formed in the upper and lower horizontal frame members 32 so as to face each other in the vertical direction, and welding and other operations are performed with the upper and lower ends of the support pipe 21 being inserted into the through holes 34. The support pipe 21 and the horizontal frame member 32 are coupled together. The support frame 3 is reinforced by providing the support pipe 21 between the upper and lower horizontal frame members 32.
[0031]
The operation of the present invention will be described below. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the intake gate 14 is opened, a part of the river water of the main river 1 that is blocked by the intake weir 13 is retained on the upstream side of the intake weir 13. Flow into. In this way, with the river water flowing from the main river 1 into the intake channel 12, the fish intrusion prevention devices 2 and 2a are installed so as to cross the intake channel 12 between the bar screen 15 and the open intake gate 14. Has been. Accordingly, the inflow water flowing into the intake channel 12 from the main river 1 reaches the fish intrusion prevention devices 2 and 2a in a state where large foreign matters are removed by passing through the bar screen 15, and is attached to the support frame 3. The rotating blade member 4 is rotated.
[0032]
By the way, since the gap between the bar screens 15 is set to a size that allows fish to pass through, the fish swimming in the main river 1 pass through the bar screen 15 and enter the intake channel 12. When approaching the fish intrusion prevention devices 2 and 2a, the rotating blade member 4 is astonished and makes a U-turn to avoid it, so that the fish strays downstream from the fish intrusion prevention devices 2 and 2a. Is definitely prevented.
[0033]
Moreover, since the rotary blade 43 is set to a material or paint color that can stimulate the sight or color sense of the fish, such as white, so that it can be easily recognized by the fish and cause repelling behavior, the rotary blade 43 is compatible with the rotation of the rotary blade 43. As a result, the effect of fish repelling the fish intrusion prevention device 2 has been greatly increased.
[0034]
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the fish intrusion prevention apparatus. In the fish intrusion prevention device 2b of this embodiment, a blade rotation mechanism is provided on the upper horizontal frame member 32, and the support shaft 45 is forcibly rotated around its own axis by the blade rotation mechanism. The blade rotation mechanism is formed with a drive motor 5 that is driven by electric power from a natural force-utilizing power generation means 6 such as a solar cell or a wind power generator.
[0035]
In other words, in the present embodiment, the upper end portion of the support shaft 45 passes through the upper bearing 33 b and the upper horizontal frame member 32 and protrudes above the horizontal frame member 32. On the other hand, the drive motor 5 is fixed to the upper part of the horizontal frame member 32 via a support member 51. The drive motor 5 is positioned so that the drive shaft 52 is concentric with the support shaft 45. In this state, the drive shaft 52 and the support shaft 45 are coupled to each other via a coupling 55.
[0036]
The drive shaft 52 is provided with a pulley 53, and a pulley 45 is also provided on a support shaft 45 of another rotary blade member 4 (not shown in FIG. 10). An endless belt or an endless chain is provided between these pulleys. Such a power transmission means 54 is stretched.
[0037]
According to the above-described configuration of the fish intrusion prevention device 2b, the drive motor 5 is rotationally driven by supplying electric power from the natural force utilization power generation means 6 to the drive motor 5, and this rotational force causes the drive shaft 52 and the support shaft 45 to move. Is transmitted to the rotary blade member 4, whereby the rotary blade 43 is forcibly rotated.
[0038]
Therefore, when the amount of water flowing into the intake channel is small and the rotating blade member 4 cannot rotate due to the water flow, the rotating blade member 4 can be forcibly rotated by driving the drive motor 5. Therefore, for example, since the downstream side of the fish intrusion prevention device 2b is blocked, water does not flow into the intake channel, so that the rotating blade member 4 can be forcibly rotated when the rotating blade member 4 does not rotate. It is possible to reliably prevent fish from entering the intake channel.
[0039]
In the above embodiment, the rotary blade member 4 is provided between the pair of upper and lower horizontal frame members 32 of the support frame 3. Instead of this, it is provided horizontally between the pair of left and right vertical frame members 31. It may be. Alternatively, a pair of upper and lower beam members may be passed so as to cross the intake channel 12 without providing the support frame 3, and the rotary blade member 4 may be provided between these beam members. If it does in this way, it will become possible to respond flexibly to the channel width of intake channel 12 without being restricted by the size of support frame 3 made beforehand.
[0040]
Further, in the above embodiment, the rotary blade members 4 are arranged in the horizontal direction in one support frame 3, but the support frame is several times longer in the vertical direction than that of the present embodiment. A plurality of girders may be passed between the vertical frame members, and the rotary blade member 4 may be juxtaposed between the girders. By doing so, when attaching and detaching the fish intrusion prevention device to and from the water channel 12, it is not necessary to perform a plurality of attaching and detaching operations, and the work efficiency of attaching and detaching the fish intrusion prevention device is improved.
[0041]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the rotary blade 43 is made into white with high brightness, you may employ | adopt the glossy color like the surface of the metal which was grind | polished instead of making it white.
[0042]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the long thing over the full length of the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical body 42 is employ | adopted for the rotary blade 43, it uses with a fan instead of using such a long thing. A plurality of propeller fans as described above may be provided on the support shaft 45 at an equal pitch, for example.
[0043]
Further, the fish repelling mechanism such as a vibration mechanism that vibrates the fish intrusion prevention device 2, 2a, 2b or a member independent thereof vertically or horizontally, and an aeration mechanism that blows air bubbles into water. If the intrusion prevention devices 2, 2a and 2b are arranged in parallel, the intrusion of fish into the intake channel can be prevented more reliably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a water intake channel to which a fish intrusion prevention apparatus of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a fish intrusion prevention device.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a rotary blade member.
5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a support structure between horizontal frame members of a rotary blade member.
FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a state where a fish intrusion prevention device is attached to the intake channel.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the fish intrusion prevention apparatus.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the fish intrusion prevention apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main stream 11 Embankment 12 Intake channel 13 Intake weir 14 Intake gate 15 Bar screen 2 Fish intrusion prevention device 21 Support pipe 22 Front shoe 3 Support frame 31 Vertical frame material 32 Horizontal frame material 33a Lower bearing 33b Upper bearing 33c, 33d Shaft hole 33e Cavity 33f Bottom plate 33g, 34 Insertion hole 4 Rotary blade member 41 Disc 42 Cylindrical body 43 Rotary blade 45 Support shaft 45a Sharpened portion 5 Drive motor 51 Support member 52 Drive shaft 53 Pulley 54 Power transmission means 55 Coupling 6 Natural power generation means

Claims (1)

A fish intrusion prevention device that prevents fish from entering a water intake channel from a river,
The support frame 3 is configured by the left and right vertical frame members 31 and the upper and lower horizontal frame members 32, and a vertical ratchet prevention shoe 22 is provided in a door groove 12a formed on the inner wall surface of the intake channel 12. While the frame material 31 is fitted, the support frame 3 is mounted in a transverse state in the intake passage 12 between the bar screen 15 that prevents foreign substances from flowing in and the intake gate 14 that moves up and down,
The support shaft 45 is provided with a plurality of rotating blades 43 that rotate in a water flow so as to extend over substantially the entire length in the longitudinal direction, and the upper and lower ends of the support shaft 45 are arranged as upper horizontal frame members. 32 is supported in a state of being fitted into the upper bearing 33b of the lower 32 and the lower bearing 33a of the lower horizontal frame member 32,
A tapered sharpened portion 45a at the lower end of the support shaft 45 is brought into contact with the bottom plate 33f in the lower bearing 35a in a point contact state, and through holes 33b and 32a are formed in the bottom plate 33f and the horizontal frame member 32. Fish intrusion prevention device characterized by that .

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