JP3703713B2 - Ratchet device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ratchet device that transmits a continuous rotational force of a power shaft to an input shaft as a periodic motion that repeatedly rotates and stops.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, in order to intermittently transfer the object to be transported on the conveyor, when a periodic motion of rotation and stop is transmitted to the rotation shaft (input shaft) of the conveyor, a ratchet device as shown in FIG. It has been adopted.
This ratchet device is connected via a crank 6 to a swing plate 4 that is rotatably arranged coaxially with a rotary shaft 8 from the side of the power shaft 2 to which a rotational force is continuously transmitted from a power source. An arc motion having a predetermined swing width is transmitted.
[0003]
That is, the crank 6 is pivotally connected to the index adjustment part 6a attached to the power shaft 2, the first metal 6b rotatably connected to the index adjustment part 4a, and the swing plate 4. The second metal 6c and the crank rod 6d connected between the first and second metals 6b and 6c. The center of rotation of the first metal 6b is adjusted by adjusting the index adjusting portion 6a. By decentering a predetermined distance from the rotation center of the power shaft 2, the swing plate 4 is moved in a circular arc by the transmission force of the swinging crank rod 6 d as shown in the figure.
[0004]
A ratchet gear 10 is coaxially fixed to the rotary shaft 8, the feed claw 12 mounted on the swing plate 4 is engaged with predetermined teeth of the ratchet gear 10, and the swing plate 4 is circular. By reciprocating in an arc shape, the ratchet gear 10 is intermittently fed with a predetermined feed width (the rotation shaft 8 has a predetermined rotation width). That is, when the feed claw 12 of the swing plate 4 engages with a predetermined tooth, the feed claw 12 pushes the tooth by a predetermined number of teeth (the number of feed teeth) by the forward movement of the swing plate 4 to rotate the rotating shaft 8. And the feed claw 12 moves so as to slide on the tooth tip surface by the backward movement of the swing plate 4 and returns to the original position, and this operation is repeated to intermittently rotate the ratchet gear 10 with a predetermined feed width. By doing so, the rotation and stop periodic motion are transmitted to the rotating shaft 8, and the object to be conveyed on the conveyor is intermittently transferred.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the transmission mechanism described above, when changing the feed width of the ratchet gear 10 (changing the number of feed teeth) in order to change the transfer amount of the object to be conveyed on the conveyor, first, the rotation of the power shaft 2 is performed. Stop and temporarily stop the transfer work of the object to be conveyed, change the eccentric amount of the rotation center of the first metal 6b with respect to the rotation center of the power shaft 2 by operating the index adjustment unit 6a, and swing transmitted from the crank 6 By changing the swing width of the plate 4, the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear 10 is changed.
[0006]
As described above, if the rotation of the power shaft 2 is stopped and the transfer operation of the object to be conveyed is stopped in order to change the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear 10, the conveyance efficiency of the conveyor is lowered.
Further, the specific operation of changing the number of feed dogs of the ratchet gear 10 is as follows. The index adjusting unit 6a is operated many times, and whether or not the feed claw 12 is pushed by the changed number of feed teeth is determined many times. Tests must be repeated and require a lot of work time.
[0007]
Further, when the transmission device is re-driven while the engagement state of the feed claw 12 and the ratchet gear 10 is incomplete, the feed claw 12 does not reliably engage with the teeth of the ratchet gear 10, and the top of the teeth of the ratchet gear 10. There may be a phenomenon of jumping on contact. If such a phenomenon occurs frequently, the transfer amount of the object to be conveyed may not be constant, and the feed claw 12 may be lost. For this reason, it is the present condition that the skilled worker who fully acquired the technique is changing the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear 10.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can change the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear in a short adjustment time without stopping the transmission operation of the rotational force from the power shaft. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ratchet device that can easily change the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear even if it is not necessary.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a ratchet in which a ratchet feed claw for transmitting rotation of a power shaft as an arc motion of a predetermined swing width via a crank is fixed coaxially to an input shaft. engage the gear, splashing in the ratchet device for transmitting rotational motion to the input shaft by rotating the ratchet gear by feeding a predetermined number of teeth, the ratchet feed pawl repeating circular motion from the teeth of the ratchet gear A claw flip-up portion that stops the rotation of the ratchet gear by raising or changing the number of feed dogs to rotate the ratchet gear intermittently adjacent to the ratchet gear; Comprises a cam that is coaxially disposed adjacent to the ratchet gear, and a cam rotation adjusting portion that rotates the cam about its axis. A convex cam surface that has an outer diameter larger than the diameter of the tooth tip circle of the ratchet gear, and has a smaller outer diameter than the diameter of the root circle of the ratchet gear. The cam rotation adjusting portion has the same number of teeth as the ratchet gear and is coaxially fixed to the cam. Spur gear, an adjustment gear meshing with the spur gear, an adjustment shaft that is coaxially fixed to the adjustment gear, and an adjustment shaft that is disposed on the other end side of the adjustment shaft to rotate the cam to a specific angle. A feed dog number indexing portion to be engaged, and the feed dog number indexing portion engages with an adjustment lever fixed to the other end side of the adjustment shaft in a direction perpendicular to the shaft and a tip of the adjustment lever. Fitting pin and the adjustment The shaft penetrates and is fixed to the support at a position along the moving direction of the adjusting lever, and corresponds to a plurality of angular positions where the adjusting shaft for changing the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear should be rotated. A plurality of indexing holes provided on the same circumference, and by engaging the fitting pin with a specific indexing hole of the indexing board and rotating the adjustment lever, the ratchet feed claw is The feed dog of the ratchet gear corresponding to the specific index hole by rotating the cam to a predetermined angle so that the convex cam surface, the concave cam surface, or one corresponds to the position of the circular movement It is a device that selects numbers .
[0013]
The invention of claim 2, in ratchet device according to claim 1, the claw crank provided with said ratchet feed pawl integrally rotatably arranged rotated to the intermediate shaft, said input and said intermediate shaft The shaft was placed close to the same axis.
[0014]
Furthermore, the invention according to claim 3 is the ratchet device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the claw crank, the ratchet gear, the cam, the spar gear, the cam adjustment gear, the intermediate shaft, the input shaft, and them. The bearing that supports the shaft was immersed in oil.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, one embodiment of a ratchet device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the ratchet device of the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement position of the ratchet device housed in the device case 19, and FIGS. 3 to 5 show the ratchet device. It is a figure which shows a member.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 1, the ratchet device of the present embodiment includes a claw crank 22 that transmits an arc motion having a maximum swing width H from a crank 20 that transmits a continuous rotational force of the power shaft 18 as an arc motion, The ratchet feed claw 24 mounted on the claw crank 22 engages with the teeth, and the ratchet gear 26 rotates intermittently, and is fixed coaxially to the ratchet gear 26, and the output gear 28 is rotated and stopped. An output shaft 30 for transmitting a periodic motion and a nail flip-up unit 32 are provided.
[0017]
The crank 20 includes an index adjustment unit 20a attached to the end of the power shaft 20, a power-side crank 20b rotatably connected to the index adjustment unit 20a, and the output shaft 30 described above on the same axis. The output side crank 20c connected to the intermediate shaft 34 disposed in the vicinity of the power source crank 20c and the crank rod 20d connected between the power side crank 20b and the output side crank 20c are provided by adjusting the index adjusting portion 6a. The arc movement of the output side crank 20c is set to the maximum swing width H by decentering the rotation center of the power side crank 20b from the rotation center of the power 18 to the maximum distance.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 3, the claw crank 22 is a crank member to which the arc motion of the output side crank 20 c is transmitted as the maximum swing width H through the intermediate shaft 30, and is connected to the ratchet gear 26 and a cam 36 described later. The ratchet feed claw 24 with its tip directed is rotatably supported, and a pressing member 22a having a coil spring presses the ratchet feed claw 24 toward the ratchet gear 26 and the cam 36.
[0019]
The claw flip-up unit 32 is a mechanism for stopping the rotation of the ratchet gear 26 without changing the rotation of the power shaft 20 or changing the number of feed teeth to rotate the ratchet gear 26. And a cam rotation adjusting portion 38.
As shown in FIG. 2, the cam 36 is adjacently disposed on the same axis as the ratchet gear 26 and is rotatably fitted to the input shaft 30. As shown in FIG. 4, the outer peripheral surface shape of the cam 36 has an outer diameter larger than the tooth tip circle diameter D _{T of} the ratchet gear 26, and the feed claw 24 that tries to contact the teeth of the ratchet gear 26. A convex cam surface 36 a that jumps up and a concave cam surface 36 b that has an outer diameter smaller than the root diameter D _B of the ratchet gear 26 and that engages the feed pawl 24 with the teeth of the ratchet gear 26 are provided. It has a different shape.
[0020]
2 and 3, the cam rotation adjusting unit 38 has the same number of teeth as the ratchet gear 26 and is coaxially fixed to the cam 36, and the same number of the spur gears 40. An adjustment gear 42 having the number of teeth or a half number of teeth and meshing with the spar gear 40, an adjustment shaft 44 having one end side fixed to the adjustment gear 42 coaxially, and an adjustment shaft at a predetermined angle And a feed dog number indexing portion 46 that rotates 44. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the feed dog number indexing portion 46 is fixed to the other end of the adjustment shaft 44 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the adjustment shaft 44, and the adjustment lever 48. The fitting pin 50 engaged with the tip of the screw, the handle 52 integrally fixed to the adjustment lever 48, the adjustment shaft 44 penetrates, and the device case is located at a position along the direction in which the adjustment lever 48 is movable. 19 and an approximately half-moon-shaped indexing board 54 fixed to 19.
[0021]
The indexing board 54 has a plurality of indexing holes 56 ₁ , 56 ₂ ... 56 _N−1 , 56 _N formed at a predetermined pitch on a predetermined circumference where the axis of the adjustment shaft 44 coincides with the axis. The fitting pin 50 of the adjusting lever 48 rotated to a predetermined angle is fitted into any one of the plurality of index holes 56 ₁ , 56 ₂ ... 56 _N−1 , 56 _N.
[0022]
The positions of the plurality of index holes 56 ₁ , 56 ₂ ... 56 _N−1 , 56 _N are adjusted by rotating the adjustment lever 48 so that the fitting pins 50 are fitted into the predetermined index holes. The cam 36 rotates to an angle corresponding to the gear ratio of the ratchet feed claw 24 and the ratchet feed claw 24 moves in a circular arc with a swing width H within one of the convex cam surface 36a and the concave cam surface 36b A part of this is a convex cam surface 36a and the remaining range is a concave cam surface 36b, so that the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear 26 is changed or the rotation of the ratchet gear 26 is stopped.
[0023]
That is, for example, the indexing hole 56 ₃ of the indexing machine 54 shown in FIG. 5, when an operation of rotating the adjusting lever 48 so that the fitting pins 50 writes fits, as shown in FIG. 6, the ratchet feed pawl 24 The cam 36 rotates so that the convex cam surface 36a is positioned within the range in which the arc movement is performed with the swing width H, and the convex cam surface 36a (part indicated by A in FIG. 6) within the range is The ratchet feed claw 24 to be engaged with the teeth of the ratchet gear 26 is in a state in which the ratchet feed pawl 24 is raised by the number of three teeth. Thus, by selecting the indexing hole 56 ₃ of the indexing plate 54, the intermittent rotation of the ratchet gear 26 having a reduced feed number of teeth corresponding to three.
[0024]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the adjusting lever 48 is rotated so that the index hole 56 ₁ , 56 ₂ ... 56 _N−1 , 56 _N in the intermediate position and the fitting pin 50 are fitted. As shown in FIG. 7, the cam 36 rotates so that the convex cam surface 36a is positioned in a substantially half region within the range in which the ratchet feed claw 24 is arc-moving with the swing width H, as shown in FIG. The convex cam surface 36a (shown by B in FIG. 7) within the above range causes the ratchet feed claw 24 to be engaged with the teeth of the ratchet gear 26 to jump up by approximately half the number of teeth. . Thus, by selecting the index hole, the ratchet gear 26 is intermittently rotated with the number of feed dogs being reduced to approximately half.
[0025]
Further, when the adjustment lever 48 is rotated so that the fitting pin 50 is fitted into the final index hole 56 _N of the index board 54 shown in FIG. 5, the ratchet feed claw 24 is moved as shown in FIG. The cam 36 rotates so that the convex cam surface 36a is located in the entire area within the range in which the circular arc movement is performed with the swing width H (portion indicated by C in FIG. 8), and this convex cam surface 36a is the ratchet. The ratchet feed pawl 24 that is to be engaged with all the teeth of the gear 26 is held in a state where it is flipped up. Accordingly, the rotation of the ratchet gear 26 is stopped by selecting the last index hole 56 _N of the index board 54.
[0026]
As described above, by selecting the index hole of the index board 54 and rotating the adjusting lever 48, the intermittent rotation of the ratchet gear 26 with the number of feed teeth changed or the rotation of the ratchet gear 26 is stopped.
In the present embodiment, sump lubricating oil O _IL in an apparatus case 19, in the lubricating oil O _IL, nail crank 22, the ratchet gear 26, the cam 36, the spur gear 40, the output gear 28, intermediate these Bearing members 58a, 58b, 58c, and 58d supported through the shaft 34 and the output shaft 30 are immersed.
[0027]
According to the ratchet device of the present embodiment, by operating the cam rotation adjusting unit 38, the intermittent rotation of the ratchet gear 26 with the number of feed teeth changed or the rotation of the ratchet gear 26 can be stopped. It is possible to reliably transmit the intermittent motion or the stop in which the rotation amount is changed to various values from the output gear 28 to another rotating machine.
[0028]
Since the number of feed dogs of the ratchet gear 26 can be changed while the power shaft 20 is continuously rotated, the efficiency of changing the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear 26 can be greatly improved as compared with the prior art. it can.
The operation of changing the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear 26 is such that the fitting pin 50 is fitted into any one of the index holes 56 ₁ , 56 ₂ ... 56 _N−1 , 56 _N of the feed dog number indexing portion 46. Therefore, even if it is not an expert, the number of feed teeth can be changed easily and with high accuracy.
[0029]
In this embodiment, the claw crank 22, the ratchet gear 26, the cam 36, the spur gear 40, the output gear 28, and the bearing members 58 a, 58 b, 58 c that support these via the intermediate shaft 34 and the output shaft 30. , 58d is because it is immersed in the lubricating oil O _IL in the apparatus casing 19, the sliding portion, the wear of the meshing portion of the gear is extremely small, it is possible to provide a ratchet device having improved durability.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the ratchet feed claw that repeats the circular motion is flipped up from the teeth of the ratchet gear to stop the rotation of the ratchet gear or change the number of feed teeth to rotate the ratchet gear. The jumping part is placed adjacent to the ratchet gear, and the claw jumping part is operated by the cam rotation adjustment part to change the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear, so the transmission of the rotational force from the power shaft is stopped. Without changing the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear, the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear can be easily changed without requiring skill.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ratchet device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which the ratchet device is housed in the device case.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a structure of a claw crank and a ratchet feed claw of the ratchet device.
FIG. 4 is a view showing the relationship between the ratchet gear of the ratchet device and the outer periphery of the cam.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a feed dog number indexing portion of the ratchet device.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a rotation operation of a first cam by an operation of a feeding tooth number indexing unit.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a rotation operation of a second cam by an operation of a feeding tooth number indexing unit.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a rotation operation of a third cam by an operation of a feeding tooth number indexing unit.
FIG. 9 is a view showing a conventional ratchet device.
[Explanation of symbols]
18 Power shaft 19 Device case 20 Power shaft 22 Crank 24 Ratchet feed claw 26 Ratchet gear 28 Output gear 30 Output shaft 32 Claw jumping portion 34 Intermediate shaft 36 Cam 36a Convex cam surface 36b Concave cam surface 38 Cam rotation adjustment unit 40 Spur gear 42 Adjustment gear 44 Adjustment shaft 46 Feed dog number indexing part 48 Adjustment lever 50 Inserting pin 54 Indexing board 56 _{1 to} 56 _N Indexing hole D _T Ratchet gear tip circle diameter D _B Ratchet gear tooth bottom circle diameter

Claims (3)

The ratchet feed pawl that rotation of power shaft is transmitted as circular motion of a predetermined swing width via a crank, and engages the ratchet gear which is fixed coaxially to the input shaft, the ratchet gear by feeding a predetermined number of teeth In a ratchet device that transmits rotational motion to the input shaft by rotating ,
Claw jumping that stops the rotation of the ratchet gear by flipping up the ratchet feed claw that repeats the circular motion from the teeth of the ratchet gear or changes the number of feed teeth to rotate the ratchet gear intermittently A raised portion is disposed adjacent to the ratchet gear;
The claw flip-up section includes a single cam disposed coaxially with the ratchet gear, and a cam rotation adjusting section that rotates the cam around an axis.
The cam has an outer diameter larger than the tip circle diameter of the ratchet gear, and has a convex cam surface that jumps up the feed claw that is in contact with the teeth, and is smaller than the root circle diameter of the ratchet gear. A shape having an outer diameter and a concave cam surface that engages the teeth with the teeth is provided on the outer peripheral surface,
The cam rotation adjusting portion has a spur gear that has the same number of teeth as the ratchet gear and is coaxially fixed to the cam, an adjustment gear meshing with the spur gear, and one end side fixed to the adjustment gear coaxially. An adjustment shaft that is disposed on the other end side of the adjustment shaft, and a feed dog number indexing unit that rotates the cam to a specific angle.
The feed dog number indexing portion includes an adjustment lever fixed to the other end of the adjustment shaft in a direction orthogonal to the shaft, a fitting pin engaged with a tip of the adjustment lever, and the adjustment shaft penetrating. And the same circle corresponding to a plurality of angular positions at which the adjustment shaft for changing the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear is to be rotated. And an indexing plate provided with a plurality of indexing holes on the circumference, and the ratchet feed claw moves in an arc by engaging the fitting pin with a specific indexing hole of the indexing plate and rotating the adjusting lever. The cam is rotated to a predetermined angle so that the convex cam surface and / or the concave cam surface corresponds to the position, and the number of feed teeth of the ratchet gear corresponding to the specific index hole is selected. Ratchet device, characterized in that the the to. 2. A claw crank integrally provided with the ratchet feeding claw is rotatably arranged on an intermediate shaft, and the intermediate shaft and the input shaft are arranged close to each other on the same axis. Ratchet device. 3. The crank, the ratchet gear, the cam, the spur gear, the adjustment gear, the intermediate shaft, the input shaft, and a bearing portion that supports these shafts are immersed in oil. Ratchet device.

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