JP3708160B2 - Purification method of contaminated groundwater - Google Patents
Purification method of contaminated groundwater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3708160B2 JP3708160B2 JP09313895A JP9313895A JP3708160B2 JP 3708160 B2 JP3708160 B2 JP 3708160B2 JP 09313895 A JP09313895 A JP 09313895A JP 9313895 A JP9313895 A JP 9313895A JP 3708160 B2 JP3708160 B2 JP 3708160B2
- Authority
- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- iron powder
- groundwater
- contaminated
- powder layer
- contaminated groundwater
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、土壌中を流れる地下水の浄化方法に関し、更に詳しくは地下水に含有される重金属や有機塩素化合物を鉄粉の作用により一括除去することを目的とする。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、重金属等で汚染された土壌を処理する方法としては、汚染土壌そのものを固化あるいは不溶化処理して埋め立てを行う埋め立て処分方法や、熱処理を行って汚染物質が気化したガスを除去することにより無害化する熱処理方法が一般的に実施されている。
【0003】
その他特殊な処理方法として、汚染土壌を分級して重金属を多く含有する細粒を水等で洗浄する洗浄分級方法や、土壌中に生息するバクテリアを利用して汚染物質を処理する生物処理方法も知られている。
【0004】
以上のように対象とする汚染物質の種類によって処理方法も異なるように、これらの方法はいずれも一長一短があった。
【0005】
上記、固定安定化法は、無機系の汚染物質が対象であるが、長期間に渡ると雨水等の作用による浸出等によりその維持は困難となり、一方、熱処理方法は有機汚染物質への適用には適しているものの、特にアルカリ塩による汚染土壌の処理には不適である上、無機系の重金属に対しても水銀等2〜3種類のものにしか適用できなかった。
【0006】
更に、洗浄分級方法も非揮発性物質等には対応が可能であるが、土壌の掘り出しや汚染物質が深層に及んでいる場合には採掘費がかかり不適であり、バクテリアによる生物処理方法も、反応時間が長く更に単鎖構造の炭水化物に対しては限界があり、無機物に対しては殆ど適用が不可であった。
【0007】
上記土壌中の汚染物質は、その後雨水等により地下水脈に混入して井戸水等の水資源を害することになるため、汚染地下水を揚水して重金属分を除去する排水処理方法や、揚水した地下水を爆気しながら抽出する抽出方法も知られているが、この方法は、揚水時の電力費や抽出費等のコストがかかるという問題を有していた。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記のように汚染土壌を直接処理する方法は、汚染源が狭い範囲であればコストを安く処理できる方法であるが、長期に渡って広い範囲で汚染された場合には不向きな手法である。
【0009】
従って本発明は、汚染された地下水を処理対象として、安価に且つ恒久的に重金属分あるいは有機塩素化合物を一括除去できる新規な処理法の開発を目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は斯かる課題を解決するために鋭意研究したところ、地下水中に含有される重金属分にも、また有機塩素化合物の除去にも安価な鉄粉を使用できることを見い出し本発明法を提供することができた。
【0011】
すなわち本発明法は、開口を有するピットを土壌中を流れ重金属と有機塩素化合物で汚染された地下水面まで掘削した後、大気と連通した雰囲気の該ピット底面に大気雰囲気に接して鉄粉層を設け、該汚染地下水流をpH2〜7の範囲内で該鉄粉層を通過せしめることにより、該鉄粉で、該重金属の吸着除去と該有機塩素化合物の分解除去を一括して行い、所定期間経過後に該鉄粉層を入れ替えることにより該水流を恒久的に浄化することを特徴とする汚染地下水の浄化方法である。
【0012】
【作用】
本発明法によれば、地下水面まで掘削したピット底面に鉄粉を層状に配置することによって、その鉄粉層を通過する汚染地下水に含有される汚染物質(主として有機塩素化合物および無機系重金属)が鉄粉中で分解あるいは吸着、置換等の反応を受けて無害化される。
【0013】
このうち有機塩素化合物の分解のメカニズムは解明されていないが、鉄により還元されるものと推察される。一方、無機系重金属と鉄粉との反応は、還元反応、置換反応、吸着反応、均一化反応、中和反応、共沈反応等が各重金属イオン毎に起こって鉄粉に吸着される。
【0014】
尚、一般に地下水の移動は1〜1.5m/日の速度であるとされ、本発明で処理対象とする汚染地下水も同程度の速度であると判断されることから、本発明法では鉄粉層中をSV=1となるように汚染地下水を通過させた。
【0015】
以下、実施例をもって本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明法はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0016】
【実施例1】
図1に示すように汚染源1から流出した地下水面までピットを掘削した後、該ピット内に鉄粉層を形成した。
【0017】
鉄粉層を通過させる前の上流側の汚染地下水を分析したところ、pH4.9であり、Cr6+0.76mg/l、T・Cr1.2mg/l、Ni8.5mg/lの割合で各種重金属を含有していた。
【0018】
該汚染地下水をSV=1の速度で鉄粉層中を通過させた後の地下水を採取して分析したところ、pH5.5、Cr6+不検出、T・Cr不検出、Ni0.1mg/lと重金属を十二分に除去できた。
【0019】
【参考例1】
重金属含有排水としてpH5.5、Cu2+、Cd2+、Zn2+を各々50mg/l含有する排水を、実施例1における鉄粉層形成の条件と実質的同条件に充填したカラム中を通過させたところ、通過後の濾液は、pH6.6、Cd0.01mg/l、Cu0.01mg/l、Zn0.01mg/lであり、この程度の汚染排水にも本発明法を適用できることを確認した。
【0020】
【実施例2】
トリクロロエチレン、テトラクロロエチレンを各々5mg/l含有する他の汚染地下水を対象とした以外は、実施例1に示すとほぼ同一の条件下で、鉄粉処理したところ、鉄粉層中を通過後の地下水は、トリクロロエチレン、テトラクロロエチレンが各々0.1mg/l以下となっており、本発明法は有機塩素化合物除去にも適していることが確認できた。
【0021】
【発明の効果】
本発明法は上述のように安価な鉄粉を用い、汚染地下水の重金属分や有機塩素化合物を一括除去できる処理方法であり、ある期間経過後に鉄粉を入れ替えることによって恒久的に汚染地下水を浄化できるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明法の処理システムを説明する概略図である。
【符号の説明】
1 汚染源
2 地下水
3 ピット
4 鉄粉層
5 土中[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for purifying groundwater flowing in soil, and more specifically, an object is to collectively remove heavy metals and organic chlorine compounds contained in groundwater by the action of iron powder.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, soil contaminated with heavy metals, etc. is treated as a landfill disposal method in which the contaminated soil itself is solidified or insolubilized and landfilled, or by heat treatment to remove the gas vaporized by the pollutant and harmless. In general, a heat treatment method is employed.
[0003]
As other special treatment methods, there are washing classification methods that classify contaminated soil and wash fine particles containing a lot of heavy metals with water, and biological treatment methods that treat bacteria using bacteria that live in the soil. Are known.
[0004]
As described above, each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages so that the treatment method varies depending on the type of pollutant to be processed.
[0005]
The above-mentioned fixation stabilization method is intended for inorganic pollutants, but its maintenance is difficult due to leaching due to the action of rainwater etc. over a long period of time, while the heat treatment method is applicable to organic pollutants. Although it is suitable, it is particularly unsuitable for the treatment of soil contaminated with alkali salts, and can be applied only to a few types of inorganic heavy metals such as mercury.
[0006]
Furthermore, the cleaning classification method can also deal with non-volatile substances, etc., but when soil excavation and pollutants are deep, it is unsuitable for mining costs, and the biological treatment method by bacteria is also The reaction time is long, and there is a limit to carbohydrates having a single chain structure, and it is hardly applicable to inorganic substances.
[0007]
Contaminants in the soil are then mixed into the groundwater veins by rainwater, etc., and the water resources such as well water are harmed. Therefore, wastewater treatment methods for removing contaminated groundwater and removing heavy metals, An extraction method for extracting while explosive gas is also known, but this method has a problem that costs such as power costs and extraction costs at the time of pumping are required.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The method for directly treating contaminated soil as described above is a method that can treat the cost at a low cost if the pollution source is in a narrow range, but is not suitable for a case where it is contaminated in a wide range over a long period of time.
[0009]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to develop a novel treatment method capable of removing heavy metals or organochlorine compounds all at once at a low cost and using contaminated groundwater as a treatment target.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive research to solve such problems, the present inventors have found that inexpensive iron powder can be used for heavy metal contained in groundwater and for removal of organic chlorine compounds. Could be provided.
[0011]
That is, in the method of the present invention, an pit having an opening is excavated to the groundwater surface that flows in the soil and is contaminated with heavy metals and organochlorine compounds, and then an iron powder layer is formed in contact with the air atmosphere on the bottom surface of the pit in an atmosphere communicating with the air. The contaminated groundwater flow is allowed to pass through the iron powder layer within a pH range of 2 to 7, so that the adsorption and removal of the heavy metal and the decomposition and removal of the organochlorine compound are collectively performed with the iron powder for a predetermined period of time. It is a purification method of contaminated groundwater, wherein the water flow is permanently purified by replacing the iron powder layer after the passage.
[0012]
[Action]
According to the method of the present invention, pollutants (mainly organochlorine compounds and inorganic heavy metals) contained in contaminated groundwater that passes through the iron powder layer by arranging iron powder in layers on the bottom of the pit excavated to the groundwater surface Is detoxified by the reaction of decomposition, adsorption or substitution in the iron powder.
[0013]
Of these, the mechanism of decomposition of organochlorine compounds has not been elucidated, but is presumed to be reduced by iron. On the other hand, the reaction between the inorganic heavy metal and the iron powder is adsorbed to the iron powder by a reduction reaction, a substitution reaction, an adsorption reaction, a homogenization reaction, a neutralization reaction, a coprecipitation reaction, etc. for each heavy metal ion.
[0014]
In general, the movement of groundwater is assumed to be 1 to 1.5 m / day, and the contaminated groundwater to be treated in the present invention is also judged to have the same speed. Contaminated groundwater was passed through the bed so that SV = 1.
[0015]
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention method is not limited to these.
[0016]
[Example 1]
As shown in FIG. 1, after excavating a pit to the groundwater surface that flowed out from the pollution source 1, an iron powder layer was formed in the pit.
[0017]
As a result of analysis of upstream contaminated groundwater before passing through the iron powder layer, the pH was 4.9, and various kinds of Cr 6+ 0.76 mg / l, T · Cr 1.2 mg / l, Ni 8.5 mg / l were used. Contains heavy metals.
[0018]
When the contaminated groundwater was collected and analyzed after passing through the iron powder layer at a rate of SV = 1, pH 5.5, Cr 6+ not detected, T / Cr not detected, Ni 0.1 mg / l And heavy metals could be removed.
[0019]
[Reference Example 1]
As a heavy metal-containing wastewater, a wastewater containing 50 mg / l each of pH 5.5, Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ , and Zn 2+ was packed in a column packed under substantially the same conditions as the iron powder layer forming conditions in Example 1. After passing, the filtrate after passing was pH 6.6, Cd 0.01 mg / l, Cu 0.01 mg / l, Zn 0.01 mg / l, and it was confirmed that the method of the present invention can be applied to this level of contaminated waste water. did.
[0020]
[Example 2]
Except for other contaminated groundwater containing 5 mg / l each of trichlorethylene and tetrachlorethylene, the iron powder was treated under almost the same conditions as shown in Example 1, and the groundwater after passing through the iron powder layer was , Trichlorethylene and tetrachlorethylene were each 0.1 mg / l or less, and it was confirmed that the method of the present invention was suitable for removing organic chlorine compounds.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the method of the present invention is a treatment method that can remove heavy metals and organochlorine compounds from contaminated groundwater at once by using inexpensive iron powder, and permanently purifies contaminated groundwater by replacing the iron powder after a certain period of time. It can be done.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a processing system according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pollution source 2 Groundwater 3 Pit 4 Iron powder layer 5 In the soil
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09313895A JP3708160B2 (en) | 1995-03-27 | 1995-03-27 | Purification method of contaminated groundwater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09313895A JP3708160B2 (en) | 1995-03-27 | 1995-03-27 | Purification method of contaminated groundwater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08257570A JPH08257570A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
| JP3708160B2 true JP3708160B2 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
Family
ID=14074173
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09313895A Expired - Lifetime JP3708160B2 (en) | 1995-03-27 | 1995-03-27 | Purification method of contaminated groundwater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3708160B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2927253B2 (en) * | 1996-10-11 | 1999-07-28 | 日本電気株式会社 | Treatment of organic chlorine compounds |
| DE69942497D1 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 2010-07-29 | Canon Kk | Process for the decomposition of halogenated aliphatic and aromatic compounds |
| US6497795B1 (en) | 1998-12-16 | 2002-12-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for decomposing gaseous aliphatic hydrocarbon halide compound |
| EP1151807A4 (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2004-08-18 | Hazama Gumi | SOIL PURIFYING AGENT AND SOIL PURIFYING METHOD |
| JP3825959B2 (en) | 2000-06-16 | 2006-09-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | Pollutant decomposition method and apparatus |
| KR100380547B1 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2003-04-26 | 한라산업개발 주식회사 | Remediation method of the contaminated ground by injecting reactive material |
| JP2003205221A (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2003-07-22 | Canon Inc | Method for treating organochlorine compound and apparatus used therefor, method for repairing soil and apparatus used therefor |
| US7018514B2 (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2006-03-28 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for processing substances to be decomposed |
| JP4905110B2 (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2012-03-28 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Groundwater purification method |
-
1995
- 1995-03-27 JP JP09313895A patent/JP3708160B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08257570A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
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