JP3713330B2 - Roll crusher drive control method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a drive control method for a roll crusher, and more particularly to a drive control method for a roll crusher for facilitating the flow of an object to be crushed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The roll crusher is provided with two crushing rolls that rotate in reverse to each other, guides the object to be crushed between the two crushing rolls, and tears and crushes with the crushing blades of the two crushing rolls that rotate in reverse. It is widely used to reduce the particle size by secondary crushing rocks and the like that have been primarily crushed and have a large particle size.
[0003]
The two crushing rolls are each provided with a plurality of radial crushing blades oriented in the direction perpendicular to the axis. Objects to be crushed that have complicated shapes and various shapes may stagnate without being smoothly guided to the crushing space between the two crushing rolls. In particular, a soft and thin plate-like material such as asphalt waste is often not lifted down and lifted by two crushing rolls to be floated, and the crushing efficiency is significantly reduced.
[0004]
Recently, it has become a social problem regarding the treatment of asphalt waste. From the viewpoint of economic efficiency, it is desirable that the waste is efficiently crushed at a place where the waste is discharged and reused as an aggregate at the site. A roll crusher crushed material guiding device improved from such a viewpoint is known from Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-299372. According to this apparatus, it can prevent in advance that it will be in the state which floated by the crushing roll of both sides, and the state which does not penetrate | invade below crushing space and stagnates.
[0005]
Although it has become possible to prevent the stagnation of flat objects to be crushed in this way, the development of such a device has caused the existence of other stagnation. Even if the object to be crushed has entered the crushing space and can be crushed, the hard object to be crushed may not be crushed while being sandwiched between crushing blades of adjacent crushing rolls. The crushing rolls on both sides are driven by a hydraulic motor or an electric motor that is controlled at a constant torque. Another reason for obtaining a state where the material is not crushed below a certain torque is related not only to the hardness of the material to be crushed, but also to the shape of the material to be crushed, the shape of the crushing blades on both sides, and the shape of the material to be crushed. It has become clear that they are in a positional relationship. Since such a crushable state once enters this state, it becomes a steady state that cannot be crushed, so the motor drive must be stopped to artificially change the state.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been invented under the technical background described above and achieves the following object.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a drive control method for a roll crusher that smoothes the flow of an object to be crushed and stabilizes the crushed state.
[0008]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a roll crusher drive control method that stabilizes the flow of an object to be crushed and avoids a state where crushing is impossible.
[0009]
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a roll crusher drive control method capable of controlling the flow of a material to be crushed and performing secondary crushing to a smaller particle size.
[0010]
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a roll crusher drive control method for improving the crushing efficiency by controlling the flow of the object to be crushed.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The roll crusher drive control method according to the first aspect of the present invention is a drive control method for two crushing rolls, each having a plurality of crushing blades extending radially and facing each other and rotating in opposite directions. The phase relationship of the crushing roll is changed in conjunction with torque fluctuation.
[0017]
The drive control method of the roll crusher of the present invention 2 is a drive control method of two crushing rolls that are provided with a plurality of crushing blades that extend radially and are opposed to each other and rotate in opposite directions. At least one crushing roll of crushing rolls is reversed to change the phase relationship between the two crushing rolls, and after the flow of the material to be crushed is temporarily stopped, the changed phase relationship is restored. It is something to return.
[0020]
In the roll crusher drive control method according to the present invention, the crushable state is not steady. Even if it becomes temporarily unbreakable, it immediately recovers to normal. The unbreakable state that is not crushed even if it is sandwiched between the crushed blades of two crushing rolls is the phase of both crushing blades due to the relative reversal of the two crushing rolls, that is, the reversal of at least one of the two crushing rolls. By changing the relationship, the relationship between the two crushing blades and the object to be crushed can be changed. By such a change in the relationship, the state where the unbreakable state is made steady is destroyed, and the original steady state is restored. That is, the roll crusher drive control method of the present invention can release the condition that the crushing object cannot be crushed by changing the flow state of the object to be crushed.
[0021]
When the crushing rolls rotate reversely to reverse the phase, the object to be crushed temporarily stops in the input side space above the crushing space in the recovery process. When the object to be crushed with a large amount of temporarily retaining material is sandwiched between adjacent crushing blades, the object to be crushed destroys the other side during normal rotation. Is secondarily crushed to a particle size smaller than that during crushing with only a crushing roll. That is, the primary crushed material is crushed by pressing the materials to be crushed, and further directly crushed by a crushing blade, and subjected to the second and third crushing.
[0022]
The operation mode based on the combination of the normal rotation mode capable of crushing and the reverse rotation mode for eliminating the non-crushable state is performed by program control. Program control linked to the torque detection means is also performed, and the program control can create various operation modes, quickly restore the crushing state, and make it steady.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a general roll crusher 1 according to the roll crusher drive control method of the present invention. The roll crusher 1 includes two parallel drive shafts 2 and 3. A plurality of crushing blades 4 and 5 extending radially in the direction perpendicular to the axis are fixed and attached to both drive shafts 2 and 3.
[0024]
Both the crushing rolls 6 and 7 are composed of drive shafts 2 and 3 and crushing blades 4 and 5, respectively. Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, both the crushing rolls 6 and 7 can be controlled in the same phase. Each drive shaft 2 and 3 is provided with a plurality of crushing blades 4 and 5 arranged in the same phase in the axial direction.
[0025]
The crushing blade 4 with the same phase of the drive shaft 2 and the crushing blade 5 with the same phase of the drive shaft 3 are displaced in the axial direction. That is, the crushing blade 5 having the same phase of the drive shaft 3 is positioned between the adjacent crushing blades 4 and 4 having the same phase of the drive shaft 2.
[0026]
FIG. 2 shows a control circuit of a drive control system for driving both crushing rolls 6 and 7. The drive system controller is a roll crusher for controlling the torques of the conventional constant torque control circuit 12 including the controlled hydraulic motor 11, the electromagnetic hydraulic pressure switching valve 13, and the crushing rolls 6 and 7 of the roll crusher to be constant. It comprises a controller 14 that is a control device and a torque detection device or a rotation speed detection device 15 that detects torque.
[0027]
FIG. 3 shows a time chart in a steady state when the crushing blades of both crushing rolls 6 and 7 have five blades. In the graph of FIG. 3, the vertical axis represents elapsed time, and the horizontal axis represents the phases of the two crushing rolls 6 and 7. The phase is displayed as a rotation angle in the range of 360 degrees between the drive shafts 2 and 3. FIG. 3 shows the temporal phase of only one of the crushing rolls 6 and 7, but the rotation directions of the crushing rolls 6 and 7 driven in the same phase are opposite to each other.
[0028]
Only one of the crushing rolls 6 and 7 that are controlled to be rotated in the reverse direction but to have the same program phase, that is, only the crushing roll 6 will be described. The forward rotation angle of the crushing roll 6 is designed to be 108 degrees when there is no load except for the initial movement angle. The reverse rotation angle of the crushing roll 6 is designed to be 90 degrees when no load is applied. Therefore, the crushing roll 6 repeats forward and backward movements and rotates forward 18 degrees by forward and reverse rotation in one cycle.
[0029]
FIG. 4 shows a program in which the downtime Δt is incorporated in consideration of the progress due to the inertia of the crushing roll 6 including the hydraulic circuit. A program for advancing the time chart shown in FIG. 3 or 4 is input to the controller 14. FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the control drive system.
[0030]
When the drive system starts, a forward rotation start command is transmitted from the controller 14 to the electromagnetic hydraulic pressure switching valve 13 and input (step S1). The rotational speed detector 15 detects the rotational speeds of the two crushing rolls 6 and 7. If the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the set rotation speed (step S2), the two crushing rolls 6 and 7 rotate forward by a set normal rotation angle α degree, for example, 108 degrees, and the two crushing rolls 6 and 7 rotate forward (respectively rotate in the reverse direction). Step S3). If the forward rotation angle α is normal, that is, if the reverse rotation angle position has been reached (step S4), a reverse rotation start command for starting the reverse rotation of the crushing roll 6 is input from the controller 14 to the electromagnetic hydraulic pressure switching valve 13. (Step S5).
[0031]
If the reverse rotation speed is equal to or higher than the set rotation speed (step S6), the crushing roll 6 continues the reverse rotation (step S7). The reverse rotation continuation angle β is set to +90 degrees, for example. If the reverse rotation angle of the crushing roll 6 reaches the angle β (step S8), that is, if it reaches the angle to be rotated forward, the process returns to step S1.
[0032]
Although not shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, regardless of whether it is positive or negative, if the rotational speed becomes a specific rotational speed that is less than a specific rotational speed that is close to zero, for example, it is immediately reversed by a certain angle, for example, 10 degrees. Then, when the rotation is further reversed and the forward rotation, that is, the rotation according to the program becomes impossible, an alarm is issued. When such an alarm is issued, manual operation is started or the drive system is automatically stopped. The representation of such an alarm generation and automatic stop chart is omitted from FIG.
[0033]
FIG. 6 shows a state in which both the crushing rolls 6 and 7 are in a non-rotatable state because the large crushing stone 21 is sandwiched between the crushing blades 4 and 5 of the crushing rolls 6 and 7. Show. In this state, the right crushing roll 7 is slightly advanced in phase from the left crushing roll 6. Such a situation can occur due to the elastic nature of the hydraulic circuit.
[0034]
In such a state, the forward rotation mode operation of both crushing rolls 6 and 7 is stopped and switched to the reverse rotation mode operation. The operation in the reverse mode includes a reverse mode in which both the crushing rolls 6 and 7 are relatively reversed. That is, the reverse rotation mode is a single reverse rotation mode in which the crushing roll 7 is stopped and the crushing roll 6 is reversed, a single reverse rotation mode in which the crushing roll 6 is stopped and the crushing roll 7 is reversed, a crushing roll 6 and a crushing roll 7. Includes both reversal modes.
[0035]
FIG. 7 shows a state in which the large stone 21 in FIG. 6 is crushed into two small stones by being subjected to secondary crushing by the crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 5 that have entered the reverse rotation mode from the state of FIG. Yes. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the crushing roll 6 and the crushing roll 7 that have entered the state of FIG.
[0036]
This state is a state in which the primary crushed material, which is the material to be crushed continuously from above, stays between the retreated crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 5. FIG. 9 shows a state in which the crushing blade 4 and the crushing blade 5 in the state of FIG. During the transition from the state of FIG. 8 to the state of FIG. 9, the intermediate stone 21M shown in FIG. 8 is sandwiched between the left and right stones 21R and 21L, and the intermediate stone 21M is crushed.
[0037]
In this case, the left stone 21L is sandwiched between the crushing blade 4 of the left crushing roll 6 and the large intermediate stone 21M, and the right stone 21R is crushed with the crushing blade 5 of the right crushing roll 7 and the large intermediate stone 21M. It is shown that it was sandwiched between and crushed together. It has been found by practical tests that stones that have been passed through and fall into the discharge space below by the crushing are crushed by the present invention and further refinement is promoted.
[0038]
FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of a control circuit of a drive control system that drives both crushing rolls 6 and 7. The control circuit of this embodiment shows a case where an electric motor 31 is used instead of the hydraulic motor of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 of the control circuit.
[0039]
The control circuit of this embodiment includes a motor control device 32 coaxially coupled to the input shaft of the electric motor 31, a torque sensor 33 coaxially coupled to the motor control device 32, and a controller 34 electrically connected to the torque sensor 33. It is comprised from the rotation speed detector 35.
[0040]
The value of the rotational speed detected by the rotational speed detector 35 is input to the controller 34. The rotation speed detected by the rotation speed detector 35 is calculated from the time change of the rotation speed by the controller. The rotational speed corresponds to the torque value. The torque value detected by the torque sensor 33 can also be input to the controller 34. The controller 34 calculates and judges from the rotation speed detected by the motor 31 and the torque detected by the torque sensor 33 by its own calculation circuit, and gives the motor controller 32 a command for normal rotation / reverse rotation mode. Can do.
[0041]
Such drive control can be performed by mechanical switching without being programmed. Various drive controls can be performed in the following modes.
[0042]
Forward / reverse steady mode:
In this mode, normal rotation and reverse rotation are performed only by a program. In this mode, forward rotation and reverse rotation are repeated alternately. The phase can be advanced by making the sum of the forward rotation angles larger than the sum of the reverse rotation angles.
[0043]
Forward / reverse unsteady mode:
In this mode, reverse rotation is temporarily performed when the torque reaches an abnormal value. When the crushing state is recovered, the normal rotation mode returns to the normal rotation mode.
[0044]
Steady unsteady hybrid mode:
This is the mode that immediately enters the reverse rotation mode when the torque becomes an abnormal value during the normal rotation reverse rotation mode.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
The roll crusher to-be-crushed object guiding device of the present invention has the following effects. The flow of the material to be crushed into the crushing space is smoothed, and the steady state that can be crushed is immediately recovered.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a roll crusher according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram of a control device.
FIG. 3 is a time chart.
FIG. 4 is another time chart.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a crushing operation.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another crushing operation.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another crushing operation.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another crushing operation.
FIG. 10 is a block circuit diagram of another control device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Roll crusher 4, 5 ... Crushing blade 6, 7 ... Roll for crushing

Claims (2)

  It is a drive control method for two crushing rolls, each having a plurality of crushing blades extending radially and facing each other and rotating in opposite directions. The phase relationship between the two crushing rolls is linked to torque fluctuations. The roll crusher drive control method.   It is a drive control method of two crushing rolls that are provided with a plurality of crushing blades that extend radially and face each other and rotate in opposite directions, and at least one crushing roll of the two crushing rolls is A roll crusher drive control method for reversing and changing the phase relationship between the two crushing rolls to temporarily stop the flow of the material to be crushed and then restoring the changed phase relationship.

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