JP3713634B2 - Nitrogen oxide removal method and flue gas denitration equipment in exhaust gas - Google Patents
Nitrogen oxide removal method and flue gas denitration equipment in exhaust gas Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、排ガス中の窒素酸化物(NOx)を低温域で効率的にアンモニアで接触還元する方法と排煙脱硝装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
発電所、各種工場、自動車などから排出される排煙中のNOxは、光化学スモッグや酸性雨の原因物質であり、その効果的な除去方法として、アンモニア(NH3)を還元剤とした選択的接触還元による排煙脱硝法が火力発電所を中心に幅広く用いられている。触媒には、バナジウム(V)、モリブデン(Mo)あるいはタングステン(W)を活性成分にした酸化チタン(TiO2)系触媒が使用されており、特に活性成分の一つとしてバナジウムを含むものは活性が高いだけでなく、排ガス中に含まれている不純物による劣化が小さいこと、より低温から使用できることなどから、現在の脱硝触媒の主流になっている(特開昭50−89291号、特開昭49−122473号等)。
【0003】
排ガス中のNOxの大部分はNOであるが,このNOのNH3による還元反応は、次式(1)
NO+NH3+1/4O2 → N2+3/2H2O (1)
で表される反応により進行する。
【0004】
一方、NOとNO2がガス中に当モル量存在する場合、NH3との還元反応は、次式(2)
NO+NO2+2NH3 → 2N2+3H2O (2)
によって進行し、反応式(2)の速度は反応式(1)の速度に比べて格段に大きいことが知られている。
【0005】
そこで、排ガス中のNOの一部をオゾン(O3)、過酸化水素(H2O2)、塩素(Cl2)、硝酸等の酸化剤によってNO2にするか、またはNO2ガスや分解によりNO2を生成する物質(NH3)等を排ガス中に添加し、ガス中のNO/NO2モル比をほぼ等しくすることで高い脱硝率を得る方法が数多く提案されている(特開昭52−94863号、特公昭56−50613号、特開昭63−236522号、特開昭54−23068号、特開昭54−142172号等)。
【0006】
中でも硝酸を酸化剤として用いる方法は、脱硝触媒上で硝酸とNOを次式(3)に従ってNO2とし、
2HNO3+NO → 3NO2 +H2O (3)
続いて反応式(2)によりNOxをN2に還元する方法である。この方法はオゾン発生装置のような高価な設備を必要とせず、溶液を用いるためコンパクトな装置設計が可能となり、現在増加の一途をたどっているゴミ焼却炉のように排ガス温度が低く、小規模施設の脱硝装置として非常に有望である。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし硝酸を用いる方法は、次のような問題を有するため実用化に至っていない。まず、硝酸水溶液を直接煙道に噴霧するために排ガス温度が150〜200℃といった低温域では、硝酸水溶液の蒸発が不十分で、十分な性能が得られないばかりか、煙道内に硝酸水溶液がドレン水として付着してダクトを腐食する。さらに、硝酸とNH3の反応により、触媒上に硝酸アンモニウムが析出し、亜酸化窒素(N2O)が発生する。N2OはCO2とともに地球温暖化の原因物質として近年排出規制の対象となっており、発生することは望ましくない。
【0008】
本発明の課題は、上記した従来技術の問題点を無くし、100〜250℃の低温域で従来の350℃近辺での同等の脱硝性能が得られる排煙脱硝方法と装置を提供することにある。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の上記課題は、次の構成により達成される。
【0010】
すなわち、排ガス中のNOとNO 2 のモル比をほぼ等しくすることで100〜250℃の温度域で窒素酸化物(NOx)をアンモニアにより脱硝触媒上で接触還元する排ガス浄化方法において、排ガス中に、あらかじめ硝酸(HNO 3 )を硝酸分解触媒に接触させることにより生成させたNO 2 を主成分とするガスを注入することを特徴とする排ガス中の窒素酸化物除去方法である。
【0011】
また、本発明には硝酸を分解してNO2を主成分とするガスを生成させる硝酸分解触媒を充てんした反応器と、該反応器に硝酸水溶液を送る手段と、硝酸の分解で生成した分解ガスを排ガス中に送るための手段とから構成される硝酸送入装置を有する排煙硝装置も含まれる。
【0012】
図1にそのシステムフローを示す。脱硝装置は、硝酸水溶液1、ポンプ2、硝酸分解触媒4を設置した反応器3、分解ガスを搬送する搬送ガス5、NH3注入装置8、脱硝反応器10などからなる。ポンプ2によって反応器3に送られた硝酸水溶液1が反応器3内の硝酸分解触媒4上でNO2に分解され、排ガス中に注入される。ここで、硝酸分解触媒4には、酸化チタンにMn、Coの少なくとも一種以上の金属の酸化物を担持した触媒の他に公知の硝酸分解触媒も用いることができる。
【0013】
本発明の方法に用いる脱硝触媒には、
▲1▼酸化チタンにバナジウム、モリブデン、タングステン等の酸化物を担持した触媒や
▲2▼ゼオライトに遷移金属(鉄、コバルト、銅、ニッケル、マンガンなど)を担持したものや
▲3▼酸化鉄の成形体等
を公知のハニカム状、板状、粒状等として使用できる。
【0014】
本発明者らは硝酸水溶液を直接排ガス煙道に噴霧する場合に生じる問題点は以下のことが原因であることを見い出した。
すなわち、この方法では、脱硝触媒上で硝酸とNOからNO2が生成した後、脱硝反応が進行しなければ成り立たないが、
NO+NH3+1/4O2 → N2+3/2H2O (1)
2HNO3+NO → 3NO2+H2O (3)
反応式(1)の脱硝反応が反応式(3)の酸化反応よりも先に進行するため、残った硝酸とNH3とが次式(4)により反応して、脱硝触媒上に硝酸アンモニウムが蓄積したり、これが分解してN2Oが生成したりして脱硝率が低下するのである。
HNO3+NH3 → NH4NO3 (4)
【0015】
さらに本発明者らは、硝酸の熱分解挙動について詳細に研究し、硝酸が次式(5)のように熱分解する反応が、
2HNO3 → 2NO2+1/2O2+H2O (5)
脱硝触媒、例えば酸化チタンにMn、Coの少なくとも一種以上の金属の酸化物を担持した触媒などの上で非常に顕著に進行することを見い出した。
【0016】
すなわち、本発明による硝酸分解触媒を用いて硝酸をあらかじめNO2に分解してから排ガスに注入すれば、硝酸を直接排ガス中に注入するのではないので脱硝触媒に硝酸アンモニウムが析出することもないし、N2Oの発生も防ぐことが可能になった。
【0017】
この方法によれば、煙道に直接、硝酸水溶液を噴霧するときに生じる問題であった硝酸アンモニウム、N2Oの生成を防げるばかりか、煙道内での硝酸水溶液の不完全蒸発に基づく脱硝率の低下、煙道の腐食を完全に防止できる。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1に本発明による排煙脱硫システムのフローを示す。硝酸水溶液1は、ポンプ2により反応器3に噴霧され、反応器3内に設置された硝酸分解触媒4上でNO2、水、酸素に熱分解される。硝酸分解触媒4は内部又は外部加熱式ヒータにより300〜500℃に加熱されている。分解により生じたガスは搬送ガス5により排ガス煙道6内に注入される。NOx発生源7から排出された排ガス中に含まれるNO及びNO2の濃度をモニタにより検出して信号を硝酸水溶液注入ポンプ2に送り、硝酸注入後の排ガス中のNOとNO2とのモル比を調整する。その後、NH38を注入し、脱硝反応器10内の脱硝触媒9上でN2に還元して煙突11から排出する。
【0019】
なお、注入するNO2含有ガスの濃度を、例えば数%程度とするとNOの濃度にもよるが、硝酸分解触媒で硝酸からNO2を生成させる反応器3の大きさは、脱硝反応器10の数百分の一程度となる。
【0020】
本発明を実施するに当たり、硝酸分解触媒のMn、Coの担持量は特に限定されるものではないが、Tiに対して1〜20原子%に選定すると好結果が得られる。1原子%より少なすぎる場合には十分な活性が得られないし、20原子%より多すぎる場合には細孔が閉塞して望ましくない。
【0021】
硝酸の濃度及び供給量は、排ガス中のNO、NO2濃度を計測した結果から制御される。NOとNO2のモル比がほぼ等しい場合が最も高脱硝性能が得られるが、NO/NO2モル比が1以上でも、NOのみの場合と比較すれば高い性能を得ることができる。NO/NO2モル比が1以下の場合でも同様のことが言えるが、NO2を多くすることはすなわち硝酸供給量を多くすることになり、さらに、その後添加するNH3量が増加することにもなるので好ましくない。
【0022】
硝酸分解ガスの煙道内への供給を良好にするために空気、窒素、あるいは排ガス等をキャリアガスとすると好結果が得られる。その供給量はどのような量であっても良いが多すぎると熱損失が増加して好ましくない。
【0023】
硝酸分解ガス中のNO2の濃度は、特に限定されないが、高濃度の方が触媒量を少なくでき、空間速度(SV)を低くできるので望ましく、1000ppm以上であれば好結果が得られる。アンモニアは硝酸注入後に排ガス中に注入され、その注入量は、排ガス中の全NOxモル量の0を越えて2程度の範囲で用いる。
【0024】
以下硝酸の分解触媒の製造例と脱硝プロセスについて詳細に説明する。
分解触媒の製造例1硝酸コバルト(Co(NO3)2・6H2O)40.4gを30gの水に溶かした触媒液を調製し、これに粒状の酸化チタン(4〜5mmφ)を破砕して10〜20メッシュとしたもの100gを加え含浸させた。これを150℃で2時間乾燥後、大気中400℃で2時間焼成した。このときの組成はCo/Ti=1/9(原子比)である。
【0025】
分解触媒の製造例2
製造例1の硝酸コバルトを硝酸マンガン(Mn(NO3)2・6H2O)39.8gに換え、後は同様に触媒を調製した。Mn/Ti=1/9(原子比)である。
【0026】
比較製造例1
製造例1の硝酸コバルトを硝酸ニッケル40.4gに換え、後は同様に触媒を調製した。Ni/Ti=1/9(原子比)である。
【0027】
実施例1及び2
得られた製造例1、2及び比較製造例1の触媒について、表1の条件で硝酸の熱分解特性を触媒の無い場合とともに調べ、NOx変換率及びNO変換率を測定した。さらに、製造例1の触媒を用い、表1の条件の硝酸濃度を500〜10%に変更して反応温度350℃での硝酸熱分解試験を行い、出口のNO2濃度を測定した。
【0028】
【表1】
【0029】
なお、NOx変換率は次の通りに定義する。
NOx変換率(%)={出口NOx(ppm)}/{入口HNO3(ppm)}
NO変換率(%)={出口NO(ppm)}/{入口HNO3(ppm)}
NO2変換率(%)={出口NO2(ppm)}/{入口HNO3(ppm)}
【0030】
得られた結果を図2に示した。上の図はNOx変換率、下の図はNO変換率である。これら図から明らかなように、硝酸の熱分解反応は無触媒では400℃でも20%程度しか進行しないのに対し、製造例1(実施例1)及び2(実施例2)の触媒を用いると350〜400℃でほぼ100%進行し、そのほとんどがNO2となっていることが分かる。また、比較製造例1の触媒(比較例1)が300℃では20%程度しかNO2に分解できないのと比較すれば、本発明の触媒が特に高活性なことがわかる。
【0031】
さらに、図3に硝酸の濃度とNO2への変換率の関係を示した。製造例1の触媒(実施例1)を用いれば、高濃度なNO2ガスを得ることが出来ることを示している。
【0032】
実験例3
実験例1で発生させた硝酸の分解ガスを図1の系統を有する脱硝装置を用い、表2の条件で脱硝試験を行った。この時のガス中のNOとNO2のモル比は1となる。比較のため、硝酸の分解ガスをそれぞれNOガス、NO2ガスとした場合の脱硝率も測定した。
【0033】
【表2】
【0034】
図4に脱硝率の温度特性を示す。150℃といった低温でも、ガス中のNOxが全てNOの場合の脱硝率(23%)と比べ、硝酸分解ガスを使用してNOとNO2のモル比を1にした場合は62%と高い。また、この場合は温度特性はNO2ガス使用と同じであった。
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、NO/NO2モル比をコントロールすることにより低温での脱硝を効率的に行う方法において、硝酸を煙道に直接噴霧する場合に生じた硝酸の不完全蒸発に基づく性能低下や触媒上への硝酸アンモニウムの蓄積といった問題を皆無にでき、低温での効率的な脱硝を実現できる。これにより、例えばゴミ処理施設のような小規模な排ガス処理施設に対して、コンパクトで信頼性の高い安価な脱硝法並びに装置を提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の一実施例になる脱硝方法を示すシステムフロー図である。
【図2】 本発明の一実施例になる脱硝方法のNOx変換率とNO変換率を示す図である。
【図3】 本発明の一実施例になる脱硝方法の硝酸の濃度とNO2への変換率の関係を示す図である。
【図4】 本発明の一実施例になる脱硝方法の脱硝率の温度特性を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 硝酸水溶液 2 ポンプ
3 反応器 4 硝酸分解触媒
5 搬送ガス 6 排ガス煙道
7 NOx発生源 8 NH3
9 脱硝触媒 10 脱硝反応器[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for efficiently catalytically reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) in exhaust gas with ammonia in a low temperature range and a flue gas denitration apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
NOx in flue gas discharged from power plants, various factories, automobiles, etc. is a causative substance of photochemical smog and acid rain. As an effective removal method, selective using ammonia (NH 3 ) as a reducing agent The flue gas denitration method by catalytic reduction is widely used mainly in thermal power plants. As the catalyst, a titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) -based catalyst containing vanadium (V), molybdenum (Mo) or tungsten (W) as an active component is used, and those containing vanadium as an active component are particularly active. In addition to being high, the deterioration due to impurities contained in the exhaust gas is small, and since it can be used at a lower temperature, it has become the mainstream of current denitration catalysts (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-89291, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 49-122473 etc.).
[0003]
Most of the NOx in the exhaust gas is NO, but the reduction reaction of this NO with NH 3 is represented by the following formula (1)
NO + NH 3 + 1 / 4O 2 → N 2 + 3 / 2H 2 O (1)
It progresses by reaction represented by these.
[0004]
On the other hand, when NO and NO 2 are present in an equimolar amount in the gas, the reduction reaction with NH 3 is represented by the following formula (2):
NO + NO 2 + 2NH 3 → 2N 2 + 3H 2 O (2)
It is known that the speed of the reaction formula (2) is much higher than the speed of the reaction formula (1).
[0005]
Therefore, a part of NO in the exhaust gas is converted to NO 2 by an oxidizing agent such as ozone (O 3 ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), chlorine (Cl 2 ), nitric acid, or NO 2 gas or decomposition. A number of methods have been proposed for obtaining a high denitration rate by adding a substance (NH 3 ) or the like that generates NO 2 to the exhaust gas by making the NO / NO 2 molar ratio in the gas substantially equal (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho). No. 52-94863, JP-B-56-50613, JP-A-63-236522, JP-A-54-23268, JP-A-54-142172, etc.).
[0006]
Among them, the method using nitric acid as an oxidizing agent is to convert nitric acid and NO into NO 2 according to the following formula (3) on the denitration catalyst,
2HNO 3 + NO → 3NO 2 + H 2 O (3)
Subsequently, NOx is reduced to N 2 by the reaction formula (2). This method does not require expensive equipment such as an ozone generator, and the use of a solution makes it possible to design a compact device. The exhaust gas temperature is low as in the incinerators that are currently increasing, and the scale is small. It is very promising as a facility for denitration.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method using nitric acid has not been put into practical use because it has the following problems. First, in order to spray the nitric acid aqueous solution directly onto the flue, the nitric acid aqueous solution is not sufficiently evaporated in a low temperature range such as an exhaust gas temperature of 150 to 200 ° C., and sufficient performance cannot be obtained. It adheres as drain water and corrodes the duct. Furthermore, due to the reaction between nitric acid and NH 3 , ammonium nitrate is deposited on the catalyst and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is generated. N 2 O has been subject to emission regulations in recent years as a cause of global warming together with CO 2 , and it is not desirable to generate it.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to provide a flue gas denitration method and apparatus that eliminates the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and obtains the same denitration performance near 350 ° C. in the low temperature range of 100 to 250 ° C. .
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object of the present invention, Ru is achieved by the following configuration.
[0010]
That is, in an exhaust gas purification method in which nitrogen oxide (NOx) is contact-reduced on a denitration catalyst with ammonia in a temperature range of 100 to 250 ° C. by making the molar ratio of NO and NO 2 in the exhaust gas substantially equal, A method for removing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas, characterized by injecting a gas mainly composed of NO 2 generated by previously contacting nitric acid (HNO 3 ) with a nitric acid decomposition catalyst .
[0011]
The present invention also includes a reactor filled with a nitric acid decomposition catalyst that decomposes nitric acid to generate a gas mainly composed of NO 2 , a means for sending an aqueous nitric acid solution to the reactor, and a decomposition generated by decomposition of nitric acid. Also included is a flue gas nitric device having a nitric acid infeed device comprised of means for sending gas into the exhaust gas.
[0012]
FIG. 1 shows the system flow. The denitration apparatus includes a nitric acid
[0013]
In the denitration catalyst used in the method of the present invention,
(1) Catalysts in which oxides such as vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten are supported on titanium oxide, (2) Transition metals (iron, cobalt, copper, nickel, manganese, etc.) are supported in zeolite, and (3) Iron oxide A molded body or the like can be used in a known honeycomb shape, plate shape, granular shape or the like.
[0014]
The present inventors have found that the following problems are caused when the aqueous nitric acid solution is sprayed directly on the flue gas flue.
That is, in this method, after NO 2 is produced from nitric acid and NO on the denitration catalyst, it does not hold unless the denitration reaction proceeds.
NO + NH 3 + 1 / 4O 2 → N 2 + 3 / 2H 2 O (1)
2HNO 3 + NO → 3NO 2 + H 2 O (3)
Since the denitration reaction in reaction formula (1) proceeds before the oxidation reaction in reaction formula (3), the remaining nitric acid reacts with NH 3 according to the following formula (4), and ammonium nitrate accumulates on the denitration catalyst. Or it decomposes to produce N 2 O, and the denitration rate decreases.
HNO 3 + NH 3 → NH 4 NO 3 (4)
[0015]
Furthermore, the present inventors have studied in detail the thermal decomposition behavior of nitric acid, and the reaction in which nitric acid is thermally decomposed as shown in the following formula (5)
2HNO 3 → 2NO 2 + 1 / 2O 2 + H 2 O (5)
It has been found that it proceeds very remarkably on a denitration catalyst such as a catalyst in which at least one metal oxide of Mn and Co is supported on titanium oxide.
[0016]
That is, if the nitric acid is previously decomposed into NO 2 using the nitric acid decomposition catalyst according to the present invention and then injected into the exhaust gas, the nitric acid is not directly injected into the exhaust gas, so ammonium nitrate does not precipitate on the denitration catalyst, Generation of N 2 O can be prevented.
[0017]
According to this method, not only the formation of ammonium nitrate and N 2 O, which was a problem occurring when spraying a nitric acid aqueous solution directly on the flue, can be prevented, but the denitration rate based on the incomplete evaporation of the nitric acid aqueous solution in the flue can be prevented. Degradation and flue corrosion can be completely prevented.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a flow of a flue gas desulfurization system according to the present invention. The nitric acid
[0019]
If the concentration of the NO 2 -containing gas to be injected is about several percent, for example, it depends on the concentration of NO, but the size of the
[0020]
In carrying out the present invention, the supported amounts of Mn and Co in the nitric acid decomposition catalyst are not particularly limited, but good results can be obtained by selecting 1 to 20 atomic% with respect to Ti. If it is less than 1 atomic%, sufficient activity cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 20 atomic%, the pores are blocked, which is undesirable.
[0021]
The concentration and supply amount of nitric acid are controlled from the results of measuring the NO and NO 2 concentrations in the exhaust gas. The highest NOx removal performance is obtained when the molar ratio of NO and NO 2 is approximately equal, but even if the NO / NO 2 molar ratio is 1 or more, higher performance can be obtained compared to the case of NO alone. The same can be said even when the NO / NO 2 molar ratio is 1 or less. However, increasing NO 2 means increasing the amount of nitric acid supplied, and further increasing the amount of NH 3 added thereafter. This is not preferable.
[0022]
In order to improve the supply of the nitric acid decomposition gas into the flue, good results are obtained when air, nitrogen, exhaust gas or the like is used as a carrier gas. The supply amount may be any amount, but too much is not preferable because heat loss increases.
[0023]
The concentration of NO 2 in the nitric acid decomposition gas is not particularly limited, but a higher concentration is desirable because the amount of catalyst can be reduced and the space velocity (SV) can be lowered, and good results can be obtained at 1000 ppm or more. Ammonia is injected into the exhaust gas after injecting nitric acid, and the injection amount is used in the range of about 2 exceeding 0 of the total NOx molar amount in the exhaust gas.
[0024]
Hereinafter, a production example of a decomposition catalyst for nitric acid and a denitration process will be described in detail.
Production Example 1 of Cracking Catalyst A catalyst solution prepared by dissolving 40.4 g of cobalt nitrate (Co (NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O) in 30 g of water was prepared, and granular titanium oxide (4 to 5 mmφ) was crushed. 100 g of a 10-20 mesh was added and impregnated. This was dried at 150 ° C. for 2 hours and then calcined in the atmosphere at 400 ° C. for 2 hours. The composition at this time is Co / Ti = 1/9 (atomic ratio).
[0025]
Production example 2 of cracking catalyst
The cobalt nitrate of Production Example 1 was replaced with 39.8 g of manganese nitrate (Mn (NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O), and the catalyst was similarly prepared thereafter. Mn / Ti = 1/9 (atomic ratio).
[0026]
Comparative production example 1
The cobalt nitrate of Production Example 1 was replaced with 40.4 g of nickel nitrate, and the catalyst was similarly prepared thereafter. Ni / Ti = 1/9 (atomic ratio).
[0027]
Examples 1 and 2
For the catalysts of Production Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Production Example 1 obtained, the thermal decomposition characteristics of nitric acid were examined under the conditions shown in Table 1 together with the absence of the catalyst, and the NOx conversion rate and NO conversion rate were measured. Furthermore, using the catalyst of Production Example 1, the nitric acid concentration under the conditions in Table 1 was changed to 500 to 10%, a nitric acid thermal decomposition test at a reaction temperature of 350 ° C. was performed, and the NO 2 concentration at the outlet was measured.
[0028]
[Table 1]
[0029]
The NOx conversion rate is defined as follows.
NOx conversion rate (%) = {outlet NOx (ppm)} / {inlet HNO 3 (ppm)}
NO conversion rate (%) = {Outlet NO (ppm)} / {Inlet HNO 3 (ppm)}
NO 2 conversion rate (%) = {outlet NO 2 (ppm)} / {inlet HNO 3 (ppm)}
[0030]
The obtained results are shown in FIG. The upper diagram shows the NOx conversion rate, and the lower diagram shows the NO conversion rate. As is apparent from these figures, the thermal decomposition reaction of nitric acid proceeds only at about 20% even at 400 ° C. without catalyst, whereas when the catalysts of Production Example 1 (Example 1) and 2 (Example 2) are used. It can be seen that almost 100% proceeds at 350 to 400 ° C., most of which is NO 2 . Further, when the catalyst of Comparative Production Example 1 (Comparative Example 1) can be decomposed into NO 2 only at about 20% at 300 ° C., it can be seen that the catalyst of the present invention is particularly highly active.
[0031]
Further, FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the concentration of nitric acid and the conversion rate to NO 2 . It shows that a high concentration of NO 2 gas can be obtained by using the catalyst of Production Example 1 (Example 1).
[0032]
Experimental example 3
A denitration test was performed on the decomposition gas of nitric acid generated in Experimental Example 1 using the denitration apparatus having the system shown in FIG. At this time, the molar ratio of NO to NO 2 in the gas is 1. For comparison, the NOx removal rate was also measured when the decomposition gas of nitric acid was NO gas and NO 2 gas, respectively.
[0033]
[Table 2]
[0034]
FIG. 4 shows the temperature characteristics of the denitration rate. Even when the temperature is as low as 150 ° C., the NOx removal rate (23%) when NOx in the gas is all NO is high as 62% when the NO / NO 2 molar ratio is set to 1 using nitric acid decomposition gas. In this case, the temperature characteristics were the same as when NO 2 gas was used.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, in a method of efficiently performing denitration at a low temperature by controlling the NO / NO 2 molar ratio, performance degradation and catalyst based on incomplete evaporation of nitric acid generated when nitric acid is sprayed directly onto the flue The problem of accumulation of ammonium nitrate on the top can be eliminated, and efficient denitration at low temperatures can be realized. Thereby, a compact, reliable and inexpensive denitration method and apparatus can be provided for a small-scale exhaust gas treatment facility such as a garbage treatment facility.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system flow diagram showing a denitration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a NOx conversion rate and a NO conversion rate of a denitration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of nitric acid and the conversion rate to NO 2 in the denitration method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing temperature characteristics of a denitration rate of a denitration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Nitric acid
9
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25479995A JP3713634B2 (en) | 1995-10-02 | 1995-10-02 | Nitrogen oxide removal method and flue gas denitration equipment in exhaust gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25479995A JP3713634B2 (en) | 1995-10-02 | 1995-10-02 | Nitrogen oxide removal method and flue gas denitration equipment in exhaust gas |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0994437A JPH0994437A (en) | 1997-04-08 |
| JP3713634B2 true JP3713634B2 (en) | 2005-11-09 |
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| ES2882548T3 (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2021-12-02 | Haldor Topsoe As | Method and system for the removal of particulate matter and harmful compounds from flue gas using a ceramic filter with an SCR catalyst |
| CN106994302A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-01 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | A kind of new and effective SCR denitration system |
| US11573155B2 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2023-02-07 | Southwest Research Institute | Generation of nitrogen dioxide for use with burner-based exhaust replication system |
| US12038347B2 (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2024-07-16 | Southwest Research Institute | Method and apparatus for steady state and transient generation of NO2 and no for use with burner-based exhaust replication systems |
| CN115253671A (en) * | 2022-08-13 | 2022-11-01 | 嘉兴复翼环保科技有限公司 | NO capable of assisting power by utilizing 2 Method for realizing SCR (selective catalytic reduction) efficient denitration by using generated additive |
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