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JP3718477B2 - Optical circuit - Google Patents
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JP3718477B2 - Optical circuit - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3718477B2
JP3718477B2 JP2002061156A JP2002061156A JP3718477B2 JP 3718477 B2 JP3718477 B2 JP 3718477B2 JP 2002061156 A JP2002061156 A JP 2002061156A JP 2002061156 A JP2002061156 A JP 2002061156A JP 3718477 B2 JP3718477 B2 JP 3718477B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
optical waveguide
optical
monitor
monitoring
waveguide
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002061156A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003255168A (en
Inventor
博 照井
啓三 首藤
真司 美野
亮一 笠原
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NTT Electronics Corp
NTT Inc
NTT Inc USA
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NTT Electronics Corp
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
NTT Inc USA
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Priority to JP2002061156A priority Critical patent/JP3718477B2/en
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  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、光回路に関し、より詳細には、光通信や光情報処理の分野で用いられる種々の光回路の内で、特に主光導波路中を伝搬する光信号の一部を取り出してモニタするためのタップ光回路に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
光モジュールからの出力光をモニタし、それによって光伝送系にフィードバックをかけようとした場合、伝送系の機能に影響を与えないように、5%程度の少光量をタッピングしてモニタするわけであるが、従来は専らファイバ型タップカプラが用いられていた。
【0003】
すなわち、光モジュールとタップカプラをファイバ接続し、タップカプラの95%出力側は、主光伝送路とファイバ接続し、5%出力側は、フォトダイオードモジュール(以下、PDモジュールという)とファイバ接続してモニタとしていた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、このような従来構成では以下のような問題があった。つまり、光モジュールとタップカプラ、タップカプラと主光伝送路及びモニタ用PDモジュールとをファイバ接続するわけであるが、その際には接続されるべき両者のファイバには、接続作業において接続装置にファイバをセットするためや、ファイバ接続のミス対策、および装置内でのモジュールレイアウト上の必要性等から十分な余長処理を施しておかなければならなかった。
【0005】
そのため、上述した構成では、合計6箇所ものファイバ余長処理が必要であった。さらに、3箇所のファイバ接続補強部も必要であり、これらが装置内での実装上大きな面積を占めて、光装置の小型化を阻んでいるとともに、当然のことながら、人手にたよるファイバ余長処理が必要である等価格も高いものであった。
【0006】
本発明は、このような問題に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、実装密度が高く、かつ量産性の高い、より高性能な光通信網を実現するようにした光回路を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、このような目的を達成するために、請求項1に記載の発明は、光モジュールの主光導波路からの出力光をモニタするためのモニタ用光導波路を備えた光回路において、平坦な基板上に形成された直線状の主光導波路と、該主光導波路と所定角度で交差する第1の交差部を構成する直線状の第1のモニタ用光導波路と、前記主光導波路の両側において平行で、かつ前記第1のモニタ用光導波路の両先端部で交差する第2の交差部を構成する2本の直線状の第2のモニタ用光導波路と、前記主光導波路及び前記第1のモニタ用光導波路の前記第1の交差部と前記2本の第2のモニタ用光導波路を横切り、かつ前記主光導波路と前記第1のモニタ用光導波路間に所定の入反射の関係をなすように設置された基板に略垂直な溝と、該溝に形成されたフィルタ手段と、前記第1及び第2のモニタ用光導波路の前記第2の交差部のそれぞれに配置され、前記モニタ用光導波路間に所定の入反射角の関係を満足するようなモニタ光反射膜を備えたモニタ光反射溝とからなり、前記主光導波路と前記第1のモニタ用光導波路との前記第1の交差部における交差角が、前記第1のモニタ用光導波路と前記第2のモニタ用光導波路との前記第2の交差部における交差角であることを特徴とする。
【0009】
また、請求項に記載の発明は、請求項1に記載の光回路を複数設けて集積化させたことを特徴とする。
【0010】
また、請求項に記載の発明は、請求項に記載の発明において、前記主光導波路及び前記第2のモニタ用光導波路を曲がり導波路としたことを特徴とする。
【0011】
また、請求項に記載の発明は、請求項2又は3に記載の発明において、前記第2のモニタ用光導波路の端部に受光素子を設けたことを特徴とする。
【0012】
また、請求項に記載の発明は、請求項2,3又は4に記載の発明において、前記第2のモニタ用光導波路の端部にミラー形成溝を設けるとともに、該ミラー形成溝に反射部材を設け、該反射部材により反射された導波光を受光すべく受光素子を、前記第2のモニタ用光導波路の上部に設けたことを特徴とする。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施例について説明する。
図1(a),(b)は、本発明の光回路の一実施例を示す図で、図1(a)は平面図、図1(b)は、図1(a)における直線A−A′で基板に垂直に切った断面図である。平坦な基板1上に、直線状の主光導波路2と、これに平行で図1(a)に示す上下に所定の間隔をなす第2のモニタ用光導波路4と、これらと角度2αで交差する第1のモニタ用光導波路3が形成されている。
【0014】
主光導波路2と第1のモニタ用光導波路3の交差部には、これら2本の光導波路間で入反射角αの関係が成り立つように、基板1に垂直なフィルタ挿入溝5が設置されている。このフィルタ挿入溝5は結果的に主光導波路2に平行な第2のモニタ用光導波路4も横切っている。フィルタ挿入溝5には、主光導波路2からモニタ光をタッピングするための光フィルタ6が、その反射面が主光導波路2と第1のモニタ用光導波路3の反射面と一致するように挿入されている。
【0015】
第1のモニタ用光導波路3と第2のモニタ用光導波路4の交差部には、図1(b)に示すように、基板1まで達する深さのモニタ光反射溝8が掘られており、かつこの溝8を構成する基板1に垂直な壁面の一つは、上述した交差部にて両光導波路3,4間で入反射角αの関係を満足するような反射面となっており、この壁面にはモニタ光反射膜7がコーティングされている。
【0016】
このような構成において、図1(a)に示す右方から主光導波路2を伝搬してきた導波光は、その一部がタッピング光として光フィルタ6によって反射されて、第1のモニタ用光導波路3の右側へ伝搬していく。このままでもタッピング光が取り出せたわけであり、タッピング機能は実現できるわけである。しかし、その伝搬経路である第1のモニタ用光導波路3は主光導波路2と2αの角度がついており、主光導波路2と平行にするには曲がり導波路が必要となること、さらに、主伝搬光とは逆方向にモニタ光が取り出される等、回路レイアウト上の制約が多い。
【0017】
本発明では、このような制約を取り除くため、第1のモニタ用光導波路3の先にモニタ光反射膜7を設置してある。するとタッピング光は、モニタ光反射膜7で反射して主光導波路2と平行な第2のモニタ用光導波路4に入射して主伝搬光の向きと同じ左方へ伝搬していく。但し、途中で光フィルタ6を通過することになり、図中の点線で示すように、ここで光フィルタ6の反射率分だけ導波路外へ放出され、モニタ光強度は減少することになる。この損失をαで表すと、通常、タップ率αは微小な値を用いるので、この損失αは、無視出来る程小さくなる。
【0018】
例えば、タップ率αとしての代表的な値として、光フィルタ6の反射率を5%と仮定する。すると主光導波路2の伝搬光強度からみれば、導波路外へ放出されて損失となる光量は、タップされた光量5%の内、その5%、すなわち0.25%(−26dB)にすぎず、この値はモジュール化する際のファイバと光導波路の接続損失やコネクタ間損失に比較すればひと桁小さくなり無視できる。
【0019】
従って、上述した主信号をフィルタによって分岐し、分岐した光を反射させて、更にフィルタを通過させることによって、その伝搬方向を主信号と同一の方向とする構成は、タップ用途の場合特に有効である。
【0020】
以上のように、図1(a)において、主光導波路2を右方から進入してきた伝搬光について述べたが、左方から進入してきた伝搬光については、タッピング光は同様の過程で左方に設けられたモニタ光反射膜7で反射して上方の第2のモニタ用光導波路4を右方へ伝搬していくことになる。
【0021】
このように、タッピングポイントの近傍に反射膜7を設置すれば、曲がり導波路を使用するよりも短い伝搬距離でタッピング光の伝搬方向を変えて主光導波路2中の伝搬光と同一方向に取り出すことができる。また、反射機能を得るためのモニタ光反射溝8に要する面積も高々導波路膜厚の数倍程度でよく、従って小型な光回路が実現できる。
【0022】
なお、主光導波路2と第1のモニタ用光導波路3の交差角と、第1のモニタ用光導波路3と第2のモニタ用光導波路4の交差角は必ずしも同一とする必要はない。この場合、第1のモニタ用光導波路3に若干の曲げて加えることにより、主信号出力端において、主光導波路2と第1のモニタ用光導波路3を平行に揃えることが出来る。
【0023】
[第1実施例]
まず、本発明を適用した光導波路について説明する。まず、適用導波光の波長は光通信における代表的波長である1.55μmとした。基板としてSi基板1を用い、これにSiOを主成分とするガラスから成る石英系光導波回路を火炎直接堆積法、及びドライエッチング法にて作製した。コアークラッド間の比屈折率差は0.5%、下部クラッドの厚みは20μm、導波路コアは7μm角、上下両クラッドを含む全厚みは50μmである。
【0024】
この光導波路を用いて、図1(a)に示すような間隔D=125.1μmの3本の平行な直線光導波路とこれを角度20度(すなわちα=10度)で横切る1本の直線導波路から成る光回路を作製した。
【0025】
次に、第1及び第2のモニタ用光導波路3,4の交差部に、図1(b)に示すように、Si基板1まで達する深さ50μmで一辺が60μmの平行四辺形状のモニタ光反射溝7をホトリソグラフィ工程とドライエッチング法で形成した後、反射面となる壁面に斜め蒸着法により、反射率98%の金を1500Å(オングストローム)の厚みに付着せしめてモニタ光反射膜7とした。
【0026】
次に、刃厚15μmのダイヤモンドブレードを備えたダイシングソーを用いて、主光導波路2と第1のモニタ用光導波路3の交差部、及び第2のモニタ用光導波路4を横切るように、幅20μm、深さ150μmのSi基板1に垂直なフィルタ挿入溝5を形成した。その際に、図1(a)において、フィルタ挿入溝5の右側壁面を主光導波路2と第1のモニタ用光導波路3に対する反射面と一致するようにした。
【0027】
最後に、フィルタ挿入溝5に反射率5%(波長1.55μm)、厚み17μmの誘電体多層膜フィルタを、反射面が右側になるように(すなわち、主光導波路2と第1のモニタ用光導波路3に対する反射面と一致するように)挿入し、エポキシ樹脂を流し込んで硬化固定した。
【0028】
この光回路の波長1.55μmでの特性を調べたところ、主光導波路2の交差点通過後の挿入損失は、導波路自身の伝搬損失も含めて0.5dBと原理損失(95%、0.2dB)に比較して0.3dBの過剰損失に抑えられていた。また、タッピング光については、主光導波路2を右方から入射した伝搬光のタッピング光の挿入損失は14.0dB、左方からのそれは14.5dBであり、原理損失(5%、13dB)に比較してその損失増は十分実用的な範囲内に抑えられていた。
【0029】
[第2実施例]
次に、本発明の光回路と他の光回路とを一体集積化した例について説明する。図2は、本発明の光回路をアレイ化してその入力側にAWG9(ARRAYED WAVEGUIDE GRATING)を一体化した例である。第1実施例で述べた図1に示す構成の光回路にて、左方にモニタ光を取り出す部分を8アレイ化し、曲がり導波路アレイを介して8chAWG9の254μm間隔8出力と一体化したものである。
【0030】
すなわち、光回路の右側より導入される波長多重光はAWG9で分波され左側端面から出力されるとともに、モニタ光も同じ左側端面から出力される。一体化した光回路の出力端には、主光導波路2と第2のモニタ用光導波路4が127μm間隔で交互に並んでいる。作製工程は第1実施例と全く同様であり、導波回路作製、ドライエッチング法によるモニタ光反射溝8の形成、斜め蒸着法によるモニタ光反射膜7の形成、ダイシングソーによるフィルタ挿入溝5の形成、及び光フィルタ6の挿入固定の順でプロセスを実施した。
【0031】
作製光回路の特性について、本回路が付属していない8chAWG9の特性と比較した結果、1〜8chで主光導波路2からの出力の損失増は0.3〜0.5dB、第2のモニタ用光導波路4からの出力は主光導波路2からの出力より14.2〜15.0dBの低下となっており、ch間の特性のバラツキは0.8dBであった。
【0032】
なお、図2に示すように、曲がり導波路アレイを用いることにより、主光導波路2と第2のモニタ用光導波路4とを平行に揃えることができるとともに、これら二つの導波路間隔を狭くすることができ、小型化することができた。この効果は、図2に示したように、アレイ化したことによりさらに小型化することが可能となった。
【0033】
[第3実施例]
次に、上述した第2実施例とは逆に、本発明の光回路の出力側(すなわち、モニタ光出力側)にホトダイオード(以下、PDという)を集積一体化した例について説明する。
【0034】
図3(a),(b)は、第2のモニタ用光導波路の端に端面入射型PDを集積化した4chモニタPD付光タップ回路を示す図で、図3(a)は平面図、図3(b)は断面図である。端面入射型PD10にはInP−InGaAsのPDを用いた。受光感度は波長1.55μmで0.9A/Wである。端面入射型PD10は、図3(a)に示すように、端面光吸収部直上の表面にp電極11、及びその左方表面に絶縁層を介して設置された2本の位置合わせ用マーカを兼ねた金蒸着膜からなる固定パッド12を備えている。
【0035】
端面入射型PD10の大きさは、300μm角で150μmの厚みである。この端面入射型PD10を本発明の光回路と一体集積化すべく、図3(a)の平面図、及び図3(b)の断面図に示すように、第2のモニタ用光導波路4の端部計4箇所に導波路を掘り込んだPD装着部13を設けたPLCを作製した。
【0036】
まず、250μm間隔でアレイ化した本発明の光回路の導波路部を作製した。その際、PD装着部13では端面入射型PD10の幅(300μm)が主光導波路2の間隔(250μm)より大きいため、主光導波路2は装着部を迂回する構成となっている。次に、ドライエッチング法により、深さ30μmのPD装着部13とモニタ光反射溝8を形成した。PD装着部13の大きさは550μm角である。
【0037】
次に、厚み1μmのCr/Au膜を蒸着、パターン化することで、PD装着部13底面とPLC表面上にp電極配線14、及び共通n電極配線15を形成した。次に、厚み2μmのAu/Sn膜を蒸着、パターン化することで導波回路側マーカを兼ねたAu/Sn半田膜パターン16を形成した。次に、斜め蒸着法により、厚み1500ÅのAu膜を蒸着、パターン化することでモニタ光反射溝8の反射側面にモニタ光反射膜7を形成した。
【0038】
次に、ダイシングソーでフィルタ挿入溝5を形成した。次に、パッシブアラインメント法により、端面入射型PD10の表面を下向きにして、端面入射型PD10側の固定パッド12とPD装着部13のAu/Sn半田膜パターン16を位置合わせして仮止めした後、280℃でリフローして4個の端面入射型PD10をPLC上に半田固定した。次に、上述した第1及び第2の実施例と同様の工程、材料を用いて、光フィルタ6をフィルタ挿入溝5に挿入してエポキシ樹脂で固定した。最後に、PD装着部13の段差を接続するためのp電極側ワイヤボンディング17と、端面入射型PD10の裏面であるn側と共通n電極配線15間を接続するn電極側ワイヤボンディング17aを実施して完成した。
【0039】
このようにして作製した4chモニタPD付きタップモジュールの波長1.55μmでの1〜4chの特性は、主光導波路2の挿入損失0.5〜0.8dB、主光導波路2への入射光強度に対するタップ光の受光感度は0.032〜0.036A/Wであった。
【0040】
受光素子の一つであるPDを光回路と一体集積化したことにより、さらなる小型化が可能となるとともに、受光素子と光回路との物理的な距離が短くなることにより、応答速度の高速化を実現することができた。
【0041】
[第4実施例]
本発明の光回路の出力側(すなわち、モニタ光出力側)にホトダイオード(以下、PDという)を集積一体化した第2の例として、表面入射型PD18を集積化した例について説明する。受光感度は波長1.55μmで0.9A/Wである。ところで、表面入射型PD18を光導波回路に集積するには、導波光を垂直に取り出すための45°ミラーが必要となる。このミラーは、例えば、特開平09−318850号公報「光導波回路及びその製造方法」によって形成することができる。
【0042】
まず、図4(a),(b)に従ってミラー形成法について説明する。光回路の面内のミラーを形成しようとする箇所に図4(a)に示すようなコの字状の基板Si1まで達する深さ50μmのミラー形成溝19をドライエッチングによって形成する。図中のWは、ミラー幅となるべき長さであり、190μm、また導波路端と対向壁面との距離dは70μmとした。このミラー形成溝19には、樹脂供給溝20がつながっており、その幅は30μmである。さて、このようなミラー形成溝19と樹脂供給溝20を形成しておいて、これに以下の表面処理を施す。
【0043】
まず、図4(a)に示す座標軸に示した太線矢印、すなわち、xy軸と45度(x=45度)をなし、かつ上方35.3度の角度(φ=35.3度)からTiを0.1μmの厚みに斜め蒸着する。すると図4の網点の部分は影となって、ここにはTiはつかない。次に、光回路を回転させながら、影ができないようにして全面にCrを0.1μmの厚みに蒸着する。
【0044】
次に、希フッサン液に浸漬してTiでCrをリフトオフすると、図4の網点の部分、すなわちTi斜め蒸着の時に影になった部分にCrが残る。次に、全面にグリース溶液を塗布して、後に使用する液状硬化樹脂21に対する接触角を45度以上の角度にする。次に、Crエッチング液で表面処理膜をリフトオフすると、図4の網点の領域は、液状硬化樹脂21に対してヌレが良く、一方それ以外の領域は接触角が45度以上となって液状硬化樹脂21に対してヌレが悪くなる。
【0045】
このようなヌレ性を呈するコの字状のミラー形成溝19に樹脂供給溝20を伝って表面張力で形成される液面形状が平面となる圧力で液状硬化樹脂21を供給し、しかる後に硬化させると図4(b)に示すように導波路端(ここでは第2のモニタ用光導波路4)と対向する部位に45度の平面斜面が形成される。斜面角度が45度となるのは、上述した蒸着角度の関係から図4の座標軸に示した角度φが45度となるからである。この斜面上にミラー膜22として金を付着せしめれば、導波路端から出射した導波光は回路面に垂直に出射する。ここでは液状硬化樹脂21としてエポキシ樹脂を用いた。
【0046】
図5(a),(b)は、以上のようにして形成されるミラーを用いた表面入射型PDと本発明の光回路の集積化例を示す図で、図5(a)は平面図、図5(b)は断面図で、4chモニタPD付光タップ回路を示している。表面入射型PD18にはInP−InGaAsのPDを用いた。PDは、図5の(a)に示すように、表面に直径80μmφの受光部とそれにつながるp電極11、及びその左方表面に2個の位置合わせ用マーカとn電極を兼ねた金蒸着膜からなる固定パッド12を備えている。
【0047】
PDチップの大きさは、500μm角で150μmの厚みである。このPD18を本発明の光回路と一体集積化すべく、第2のモニタ用光導波路4の端部に45°ミラーを設けたPLCを作製した。まず、250μm間隔でアレイ化した本発明の光回路の導波路部を作製した。次に、ドライエッチング法により、Si基板1まで達する深さ50μmのミラー形成溝19とそれにつながる樹脂供給溝20、及びモニタ光反射溝8を形成した。
【0048】
次に、上述したように、図5(a)の左斜め上方35.3°角度からの斜め蒸着を含む一連の表面処理工程を行った後、樹脂供給溝20の左端から液状硬化樹脂21としてエポキシ樹脂を滴下供給して硬化させ、45°斜面を形成した。次に、溶剤にて表面処理剤を除去洗浄した後、厚み1μmのCr/Au膜を蒸着、パターン化することで、オーバークラッド表面にp電極配線14と共通n電極配線15、及び45°斜面上にミラー膜22を形成した。
【0049】
次に、厚み2μmのAu/Sn膜を蒸着、パターン化することで導波回路側マーカを兼ねたAu/Sn半田膜パターン16を形成した。次に、斜め蒸着法により、厚み150ÅのAu膜を蒸着、パターン化することでモニタ光反射溝8の反射側面にモニタ光反射膜7を形成した。次に、ダイシングソーでフィルタ挿入溝5を形成した。
【0050】
次に、パッシブアラインメント法により、PD18の表面を下側に向けた状態で、PD側の固定パッド12とPD装着部のAu/Sn半田膜パターン16を位置合わせして仮止めした後、280℃でリフローしてPDをPLC上に半田固定した。最後に光フィルタ6をフィルタ挿入溝5に挿入してエポキシ樹脂で固定した。
【0051】
このようにして作製した4chモニタPD付タップモジュールの波長1.55μmでの1〜4chの特性は、主光導波路2の挿入損失0.5〜0.8dB、主光導波路2への入射光強度に対するタップ光の受光感度は0.032〜0.036A/Wであり、上述した第3実施例と同様の特性であった。
【0052】
光回路の直上に受光素子の一つであるPDを、ミラーを介して光接続して集積化したことにより、さらなる小型化が可能となった。また、受光素子と光回路との物理的な距離が短くなることにより、応答速度の高速化を実現することができた。
【0053】
なお、上述した第1〜4実施例では、モニタ光反射膜7として金を用いたが同様に近赤外域で高い反射率をもつアルミニウムも適用できる。
【0054】
また、図6は、主光導波路と第1のモニタ用光導波路と第2のモニタ用光導波路を各々直線状とした例を示す図である。作製方法は図2と同じである。直線状としたことで、挿入損失が下がり、かつ、図2と同様な効果があった。
【0055】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、主光導波路に〜100μm程度に近接した平行導波路である第2のモニタ用光導波路に主伝搬光と同一伝搬方向のモニタ光を取り出せるとともにモニタ光反射溝に要する面積も100μm角以下でよいため、光ファイバアレイの間隔でアレイ化した光機能回路と集積化することが可能である。従って、本発明の光回路を用いれば実施例に示したように、大面積を占めるモニタ用ファイバカプラが不要となり、光装置内デバイス実装が従来に比較して飛躍的に簡素化、小型化され、光通信用装置の経済化に資することは明らかである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の光回路の一実施例を示す図で、(a)は平面図、(b)は、(a)における直線A−A′で基板に垂直に切った断面図である。
【図2】本発明の光回路をAWGに付属せしめた形態を示す平面図である。
【図3】本発明の光回路に端面入射型PDを一体集積化した形態を示す図で、(a)は平面図、(b)は断面図である。
【図4】(a),(b)は45°ミラーの構造を示す図である。
【図5】本発明の光回路に45°ミラーを用いて表面入射型PDを一体集積化した形態を示す図で、(a)は平面図、(b)は断面図である。
【図6】図6は、主光導波路と第1のモニタ用光導波路と第2のモニタ用光導波路を直線状とした例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 基板
2 主光導波路
3 第1のモニタ用光導波路
4 第2のモニタ用光導波路
5 フィルタ挿入溝
6 光フィルタ
7 モニタ光反射膜
8 モニタ光反射溝
9 AWG
10 端面入射型PD
11 P電極
12 固定パッド
13 PD装着部
14 P電極配線
15 共通n電極配線
16 Au/Sn半田膜パターン
17 p電極側ワイヤボンディング
17a n電極側ワイヤボンディング
18 表面入射型PD
19 ミラー形成溝
20 樹脂供給溝
21 液状硬化樹脂
22 ミラー膜
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an optical circuit, and more specifically, extracts and monitors a part of an optical signal propagating in a main optical waveguide among various optical circuits used in the fields of optical communication and optical information processing. The present invention relates to a tap optical circuit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When the output light from the optical module is monitored and it is going to give feedback to the optical transmission system, the small amount of light of about 5% is tapped and monitored so as not to affect the function of the transmission system. In the past, fiber-type tap couplers have been used exclusively.
[0003]
That is, the optical module and the tap coupler are fiber-connected, the 95% output side of the tap coupler is fiber-connected to the main optical transmission line, and the 5% output side is fiber-connected to a photodiode module (hereinafter referred to as PD module). And used to be a monitor.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such a conventional configuration has the following problems. In other words, the optical module and the tap coupler, and the tap coupler and the main optical transmission line and the monitor PD module are connected by fiber. In this case, both fibers to be connected are connected to the connecting device in the connection work. Sufficient extra length processing had to be performed in order to set the fiber, to prevent mistakes in fiber connection, and to necessitate module layout in the apparatus.
[0005]
Therefore, in the configuration described above, a total of 6 extra fiber lengths are required. In addition, three fiber connection reinforcements are also required, which occupy a large area for mounting in the apparatus, which obstructs the downsizing of the optical apparatus, and of course, the extra fiber connection by hand. The price was high because long processing was required.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical circuit that realizes a high-performance optical communication network having a high mounting density and high mass productivity. It is to provide.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an optical circuit including a monitoring optical waveguide for monitoring output light from a main optical waveguide of an optical module. such a linear main optical waveguide formed on a substrate, a straight first monitoring optical waveguide constituting the first cross section intersecting at the main optical waveguide and the predetermined angle, of the main optical waveguide parallel on both sides, and two a linear second monitoring optical waveguide constituting the second cross section intersecting at both ends of the first monitoring optical waveguide, the main optical waveguide and the the first of the first intersection of the monitoring optical waveguide and traverses the two second monitoring optical waveguide, and a predetermined incident reflection angle between the said main optical waveguide first monitoring optical waveguide A groove that is substantially perpendicular to the substrate installed so as to form the relationship And made a filter means, said being disposed in each of the second intersection of the first and second monitoring optical waveguide, so as to satisfy the relation given incident reflection angle between the monitoring optical waveguide Ri Do and a monitor light reflecting groove having a monitor light reflecting film, crossing angle in the first intersections of the said main optical waveguide first monitoring optical waveguide, the first monitoring optical waveguide And an angle of intersection at the second intersection between the second monitoring optical waveguide and the second monitoring optical waveguide .
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of optical circuits according to the first aspect are provided and integrated.
[0010]
The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 2 , the main optical waveguide and the second monitoring optical waveguide are bent waveguides.
[0011]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second or third aspect of the present invention, a light receiving element is provided at an end of the second monitor optical waveguide.
[0012]
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the invention of the second, third, or fourth aspect , a mirror forming groove is provided at an end of the second monitor optical waveguide, and a reflecting member is provided in the mirror forming groove. And a light receiving element is provided above the second optical waveguide for monitoring so as to receive the guided light reflected by the reflecting member.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
1A and 1B are diagrams showing an embodiment of the optical circuit of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a plan view, and FIG. 1B is a straight line A- in FIG. It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected by A 'at right angles to the board | substrate. A straight main optical waveguide 2 on a flat substrate 1 and a second monitoring optical waveguide 4 which is parallel to the main optical waveguide 2 and has a predetermined interval in the vertical direction shown in FIG. A first monitoring optical waveguide 3 is formed.
[0014]
A filter insertion groove 5 perpendicular to the substrate 1 is installed at the intersection of the main optical waveguide 2 and the first monitoring optical waveguide 3 so that the relation of the incident / reflection angle α is established between the two optical waveguides. ing. As a result, the filter insertion groove 5 also crosses the second monitoring optical waveguide 4 parallel to the main optical waveguide 2. An optical filter 6 for tapping monitor light from the main optical waveguide 2 is inserted into the filter insertion groove 5 so that the reflection surfaces thereof coincide with the reflection surfaces of the main optical waveguide 2 and the first monitor optical waveguide 3. Has been.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 1B, a monitor light reflecting groove 8 having a depth reaching the substrate 1 is dug at the intersection of the first monitor optical waveguide 3 and the second monitor optical waveguide 4. One of the wall surfaces perpendicular to the substrate 1 constituting the groove 8 is a reflecting surface that satisfies the relationship of the incident / reflection angle α between the optical waveguides 3 and 4 at the intersection described above. The monitor light reflecting film 7 is coated on the wall surface.
[0016]
In such a configuration, a part of the guided light propagating through the main optical waveguide 2 from the right shown in FIG. 1A is reflected by the optical filter 6 as tapping light, and the first monitoring optical waveguide is obtained. Propagate to the right side of 3. Even in this state, the tapping light can be extracted, and the tapping function can be realized. However, the first monitoring optical waveguide 3 that is the propagation path has an angle of 2α with the main optical waveguide 2, and a curved waveguide is required to be parallel to the main optical waveguide 2. There are many restrictions on circuit layout, such as monitoring light being extracted in the direction opposite to the propagating light.
[0017]
In the present invention, in order to remove such a restriction, the monitor light reflecting film 7 is provided at the end of the first monitor optical waveguide 3. Then, the tapping light is reflected by the monitor light reflecting film 7, enters the second monitor optical waveguide 4 parallel to the main optical waveguide 2, and propagates to the left in the same direction as the main propagation light. However, it passes through the optical filter 6 on the way, and as shown by the dotted line in the figure, here, it is emitted to the outside of the waveguide by the reflectance of the optical filter 6, and the monitor light intensity decreases. When this loss is represented by α 2 , since the tap rate α normally uses a minute value, the loss α 2 becomes negligibly small.
[0018]
For example, as a representative value as the tap rate α, the reflectance of the optical filter 6 is assumed to be 5%. Then, from the viewpoint of the propagation light intensity of the main optical waveguide 2, the amount of light emitted to the outside of the waveguide and lost is only 5% of the tapped light amount of 5%, that is, 0.25% (−26 dB). However, this value is a little smaller than the connection loss between the fiber and the optical waveguide and the loss between connectors when modularized, and can be ignored.
[0019]
Therefore, the configuration in which the main signal is branched by a filter, the branched light is reflected, and further passed through the filter so that the propagation direction is the same as that of the main signal is particularly effective for tap applications. is there.
[0020]
As described above, in FIG. 1A, the propagation light that has entered the main optical waveguide 2 from the right side has been described. However, for the propagation light that has entered from the left side, the tapping light is the left side in the same process. The light is reflected by the monitor light reflecting film 7 provided on the upper side and propagates rightward through the upper second monitor optical waveguide 4.
[0021]
As described above, if the reflection film 7 is provided in the vicinity of the tapping point, the propagation direction of the tapping light is changed with a shorter propagation distance than when the curved waveguide is used, and the light is extracted in the same direction as the propagation light in the main optical waveguide 2. be able to. Further, the area required for the monitor light reflecting groove 8 for obtaining the reflecting function may be at most several times the waveguide film thickness, so that a small optical circuit can be realized.
[0022]
The crossing angle between the main optical waveguide 2 and the first monitoring optical waveguide 3 and the crossing angle between the first monitoring optical waveguide 3 and the second monitoring optical waveguide 4 are not necessarily the same. In this case, the main optical waveguide 2 and the first monitoring optical waveguide 3 can be aligned in parallel at the main signal output end by adding a slight bend to the first monitoring optical waveguide 3.
[0023]
[First embodiment]
First, an optical waveguide to which the present invention is applied will be described. First, the wavelength of the applied guided light was set to 1.55 μm, which is a typical wavelength in optical communication. Using a Si substrate 1 as a substrate, a quartz optical waveguide circuit made of glass mainly composed of SiO 2 was produced by a flame direct deposition method and a dry etching method. The relative refractive index difference between the core and the clad is 0.5%, the thickness of the lower clad is 20 μm, the waveguide core is 7 μm square, and the total thickness including the upper and lower clads is 50 μm.
[0024]
Using this optical waveguide, three parallel linear optical waveguides with a distance D = 12.5 .mu.m as shown in FIG. 1A and one straight line crossing the optical waveguide at an angle of 20 degrees (that is, α = 10 degrees). An optical circuit consisting of a waveguide was fabricated.
[0025]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, the monitor light having a parallelogram shape with a depth of 50 μm and a side of 60 μm reaching the Si substrate 1 at the intersection of the first and second monitoring optical waveguides 3 and 4. After the reflection groove 7 is formed by a photolithography process and a dry etching method, the monitor light reflection film 7 is formed by depositing gold with a reflectance of 98% to a thickness of 1500 Å (angstrom) on the wall surface serving as the reflection surface by oblique deposition. did.
[0026]
Next, by using a dicing saw equipped with a diamond blade having a blade thickness of 15 μm, the width is set so as to cross the intersection of the main optical waveguide 2 and the first monitor optical waveguide 3 and the second monitor optical waveguide 4. A filter insertion groove 5 perpendicular to the Si substrate 1 having a depth of 20 μm and a depth of 150 μm was formed. At that time, in FIG. 1A, the right wall surface of the filter insertion groove 5 was made to coincide with the reflection surface for the main optical waveguide 2 and the first monitoring optical waveguide 3.
[0027]
Finally, a dielectric multilayer filter having a reflectivity of 5% (wavelength 1.55 μm) and a thickness of 17 μm is placed in the filter insertion groove 5 so that the reflection surface is on the right side (that is, for the main optical waveguide 2 and the first monitor). It was inserted so as to coincide with the reflection surface with respect to the optical waveguide 3, and an epoxy resin was poured therein and fixed by curing.
[0028]
When the characteristics of this optical circuit at a wavelength of 1.55 μm were examined, the insertion loss after passing through the intersection of the main optical waveguide 2 was 0.5 dB including the propagation loss of the waveguide itself, and the principle loss (95%, 0. Compared to 2 dB), the excess loss was suppressed to 0.3 dB. As for the tapping light, the insertion loss of the tapping light of the propagating light entering the main optical waveguide 2 from the right side is 14.0 dB and that from the left side is 14.5 dB, which is a principle loss (5%, 13 dB). In comparison, the loss increase was kept within a practical range.
[0029]
[Second Embodiment]
Next, an example in which the optical circuit of the present invention is integrated with another optical circuit will be described. FIG. 2 shows an example in which the optical circuit of the present invention is arrayed and an AWG 9 (ARRAYED WAVEGUIDE GRATING) is integrated on the input side. In the optical circuit having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment, the portion from which the monitor light is extracted to the left is made into 8 arrays and integrated with 8 outputs of 254 μm intervals of 8ch AWG 9 through a bent waveguide array. is there.
[0030]
That is, the wavelength multiplexed light introduced from the right side of the optical circuit is demultiplexed by the AWG 9 and output from the left end face, and the monitor light is also output from the same left end face. At the output end of the integrated optical circuit, the main optical waveguide 2 and the second monitoring optical waveguide 4 are alternately arranged at intervals of 127 μm. The manufacturing process is exactly the same as in the first embodiment. The waveguide circuit is manufactured, the monitor light reflecting groove 8 is formed by a dry etching method, the monitor light reflecting film 7 is formed by an oblique deposition method, and the filter insertion groove 5 is formed by a dicing saw. The process was performed in the order of formation and insertion and fixing of the optical filter 6.
[0031]
As a result of comparing the characteristics of the fabricated optical circuit with the characteristics of the 8ch AWG 9 not provided with this circuit, the increase in the loss of the output from the main optical waveguide 2 is 0.3 to 0.5 dB at 1 to 8 ch, for the second monitor. The output from the optical waveguide 4 was 14.2 to 15.0 dB lower than the output from the main optical waveguide 2, and the variation in characteristics between channels was 0.8 dB.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 2, by using a bent waveguide array, the main optical waveguide 2 and the second monitoring optical waveguide 4 can be aligned in parallel, and the distance between these two waveguides is reduced. It was possible to reduce the size. As shown in FIG. 2, this effect can be further reduced by making an array.
[0033]
[Third embodiment]
Next, an example in which a photodiode (hereinafter referred to as PD) is integrated and integrated on the output side (that is, the monitor light output side) of the optical circuit of the present invention, contrary to the second embodiment described above.
[0034]
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing an optical tap circuit with a 4ch monitor PD in which an end-face incident type PD is integrated at the end of the second monitor optical waveguide. FIG. 3A is a plan view. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view. InP-InGaAs PD was used for the edge-incident PD10. The light receiving sensitivity is 0.9 A / W at a wavelength of 1.55 μm. As shown in FIG. 3A, the end-face incident type PD 10 has a p-electrode 11 on the surface immediately above the end-face light absorber and two alignment markers placed on the left surface via an insulating layer. A fixed pad 12 made of a gold vapor deposition film is also provided.
[0035]
The size of the end-face incident type PD10 is 300 μm square and 150 μm thick. In order to integrate the end-face incident type PD 10 with the optical circuit of the present invention, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 3A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. A PLC was prepared in which a PD mounting portion 13 in which a waveguide was dug in a total of four locations was provided.
[0036]
First, waveguide portions of the optical circuit of the present invention arrayed at intervals of 250 μm were produced. At that time, since the width (300 μm) of the end-face incident type PD 10 is larger than the interval (250 μm) of the main optical waveguide 2 in the PD mounting portion 13, the main optical waveguide 2 is configured to bypass the mounting portion. Next, the PD mounting part 13 and the monitor light reflecting groove 8 having a depth of 30 μm were formed by dry etching. The size of the PD mounting portion 13 is 550 μm square.
[0037]
Next, a 1 μm-thick Cr / Au film was deposited and patterned to form a p-electrode wiring 14 and a common n-electrode wiring 15 on the bottom surface of the PD mounting portion 13 and the PLC surface. Next, an Au / Sn film having a thickness of 2 μm was deposited and patterned to form an Au / Sn solder film pattern 16 also serving as a waveguide circuit side marker. Next, the monitor light reflection film 7 was formed on the reflection side surface of the monitor light reflection groove 8 by vapor deposition and patterning an Au film having a thickness of 1500 mm by an oblique vapor deposition method.
[0038]
Next, the filter insertion groove 5 was formed with a dicing saw. Next, after the surface of the edge-incident PD10 is faced down by the passive alignment method, the fixing pad 12 on the edge-incident PD10 side and the Au / Sn solder film pattern 16 of the PD mounting portion 13 are aligned and temporarily fixed. After reflowing at 280 ° C., four end-face incident type PDs 10 were fixed by soldering on the PLC. Next, using the same processes and materials as in the first and second embodiments described above, the optical filter 6 was inserted into the filter insertion groove 5 and fixed with an epoxy resin. Finally, p-electrode-side wire bonding 17 for connecting the steps of the PD mounting portion 13 and n-electrode-side wire bonding 17a for connecting the n-side which is the back surface of the end-face incident type PD 10 and the common n-electrode wiring 15 are performed. And completed.
[0039]
The characteristics of 1 to 4 ch at a wavelength of 1.55 μm of the tap module with a 4 ch monitor PD manufactured in this way are the insertion loss 0.5 to 0.8 dB of the main optical waveguide 2 and the incident light intensity to the main optical waveguide 2. The light receiving sensitivity of the tap light with respect to was 0.032 to 0.036 A / W.
[0040]
The PD, which is one of the light receiving elements, is integrated with the optical circuit to enable further miniaturization, and the physical distance between the light receiving element and the optical circuit is shortened to increase the response speed. Was able to be realized.
[0041]
[Fourth embodiment]
As a second example in which photodiodes (hereinafter referred to as PDs) are integrated and integrated on the output side (that is, the monitor light output side) of the optical circuit of the present invention, an example in which the front-illuminated PD 18 is integrated will be described. The light receiving sensitivity is 0.9 A / W at a wavelength of 1.55 μm. By the way, in order to integrate the front-illuminated PD 18 in the optical waveguide circuit, a 45 ° mirror for taking out the guided light vertically is required. This mirror can be formed by, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-318850 “Optical Waveguide Circuit and Manufacturing Method Thereof”.
[0042]
First, the mirror forming method will be described with reference to FIGS. A mirror forming groove 19 having a depth of 50 μm reaching the U-shaped substrate Si1 as shown in FIG. 4A is formed by dry etching at a location where a mirror in the plane of the optical circuit is to be formed. W in the figure is the length to be the mirror width, 190 μm, and the distance d between the waveguide end and the opposing wall surface is 70 μm. A resin supply groove 20 is connected to the mirror forming groove 19 and has a width of 30 μm. Now, such a mirror forming groove 19 and a resin supply groove 20 are formed, and the following surface treatment is performed on them.
[0043]
First, the thick arrow shown on the coordinate axis shown in FIG. 4A, that is, 45 degrees (x = 45 degrees) with the xy axis, and the upper 35.3 degrees (φ = 35.3 degrees) Ti Is obliquely deposited to a thickness of 0.1 μm. Then, the halftone dot portion of FIG. 4 becomes a shadow, and Ti is not attached here. Next, while rotating the optical circuit, Cr is deposited on the entire surface to a thickness of 0.1 μm so that no shadow is formed.
[0044]
Next, when Cr is lifted off with Ti by dipping in a dilute fluoric acid solution, Cr remains in the halftone dot portion of FIG. 4, that is, the shaded portion during Ti oblique deposition. Next, a grease solution is applied to the entire surface so that the contact angle with respect to the liquid curable resin 21 to be used later is an angle of 45 degrees or more. Next, when the surface treatment film is lifted off with a Cr etching solution, the halftone dot region in FIG. 4 is smooth against the liquid cured resin 21, while the other region is liquid with a contact angle of 45 degrees or more. The dullness of the cured resin 21 becomes worse.
[0045]
The liquid curable resin 21 is supplied to the U-shaped mirror-forming groove 19 exhibiting such a wetting property through the resin supply groove 20 at a pressure at which the liquid surface shape formed by surface tension becomes flat, and then cured. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4B, a plane inclined surface of 45 degrees is formed at a portion facing the waveguide end (here, the second monitoring optical waveguide 4). The reason why the slope angle is 45 degrees is that the angle φ shown on the coordinate axis in FIG. If gold is deposited as a mirror film 22 on the inclined surface, the guided light emitted from the waveguide end is emitted perpendicularly to the circuit surface. Here, an epoxy resin is used as the liquid curable resin 21.
[0046]
5A and 5B are diagrams showing an example of integration of a front-illuminated PD using the mirror formed as described above and the optical circuit of the present invention, and FIG. 5A is a plan view. FIG. 5B is a sectional view showing an optical tap circuit with a 4ch monitor PD. The front-illuminated PD 18 is an InP-InGaAs PD. As shown in FIG. 5A, the PD has a light receiving portion with a diameter of 80 μmφ on the surface and a p-electrode 11 connected to the light-receiving portion, and a gold vapor deposition film serving as two alignment markers and an n-electrode on the left surface. A fixed pad 12 is provided.
[0047]
The size of the PD chip is 500 μm square and 150 μm thick. In order to integrate this PD 18 integrally with the optical circuit of the present invention, a PLC having a 45 ° mirror provided at the end of the second monitor optical waveguide 4 was produced. First, waveguide portions of the optical circuit of the present invention arrayed at intervals of 250 μm were produced. Next, a mirror forming groove 19 having a depth of 50 μm reaching the Si substrate 1, a resin supply groove 20 connected thereto, and a monitor light reflecting groove 8 were formed by dry etching.
[0048]
Next, as described above, after performing a series of surface treatment steps including oblique deposition from the left oblique upper 35.3 ° angle of FIG. 5A, the liquid curable resin 21 is formed from the left end of the resin supply groove 20. An epoxy resin was dropped and cured to form a 45 ° slope. Next, the surface treatment agent is removed and washed with a solvent, and then a 1 μm thick Cr / Au film is deposited and patterned to form a p-electrode wiring 14, a common n-electrode wiring 15, and a 45 ° slope on the overcladding surface. A mirror film 22 was formed thereon.
[0049]
Next, an Au / Sn film having a thickness of 2 μm was deposited and patterned to form an Au / Sn solder film pattern 16 also serving as a waveguide circuit side marker. Next, the monitor light reflection film 7 was formed on the reflection side surface of the monitor light reflection groove 8 by depositing and patterning an Au film having a thickness of 150 mm by oblique vapor deposition. Next, the filter insertion groove 5 was formed with a dicing saw.
[0050]
Next, the PD-side fixed pad 12 and the Au / Sn solder film pattern 16 of the PD mounting portion are aligned and temporarily fixed by the passive alignment method with the surface of the PD 18 facing downward, and then 280 ° C. Then, the PD was soldered and fixed on the PLC. Finally, the optical filter 6 was inserted into the filter insertion groove 5 and fixed with an epoxy resin.
[0051]
The characteristics of 1 to 4 ch at a wavelength of 1.55 μm of the tap module with a 4 ch monitor PD manufactured in this way are the insertion loss of the main optical waveguide 2 of 0.5 to 0.8 dB, and the incident light intensity to the main optical waveguide 2 The light receiving sensitivity of the tap light with respect to is 0.032 to 0.036 A / W, which is the same characteristic as that of the third embodiment described above.
[0052]
The PD, which is one of the light receiving elements, is directly connected to the optical circuit via a mirror and integrated, thereby enabling further miniaturization. Further, the response speed can be increased by shortening the physical distance between the light receiving element and the optical circuit.
[0053]
In the first to fourth embodiments described above, gold is used as the monitor light reflecting film 7, but aluminum having a high reflectance in the near infrared region can also be applied.
[0054]
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example in which the main optical waveguide, the first monitor optical waveguide, and the second monitor optical waveguide are each linear. The manufacturing method is the same as FIG. By adopting a straight line shape, the insertion loss was reduced and the same effect as in FIG. 2 was obtained.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the monitor light in the same propagation direction as that of the main propagation light can be taken out and reflected to the second optical waveguide for monitoring, which is a parallel waveguide close to about 100 μm. Since the area required for the groove may be 100 μm square or less, it can be integrated with an optical functional circuit arrayed at intervals of the optical fiber array. Therefore, if the optical circuit of the present invention is used, as shown in the embodiments, a monitoring fiber coupler that occupies a large area becomes unnecessary, and the mounting of the device in the optical device is dramatically simplified and miniaturized as compared with the prior art. It is clear that this contributes to the economics of optical communication equipment.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B are diagrams showing an embodiment of an optical circuit of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along a line AA ′ in FIG. .
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a configuration in which an optical circuit of the present invention is attached to an AWG.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a configuration in which an end-face incident type PD is integrated in an optical circuit of the present invention, where FIG. 3A is a plan view and FIG.
4A and 4B are diagrams showing the structure of a 45 ° mirror. FIG.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing a form in which a front-illuminated PD is integrated and integrated using a 45 ° mirror in the optical circuit of the present invention, where FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a main optical waveguide, a first monitoring optical waveguide, and a second monitoring optical waveguide are linear.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Substrate 2 Main optical waveguide 3 First monitor optical waveguide 4 Second monitor optical waveguide 5 Filter insertion groove 6 Optical filter 7 Monitor light reflection film 8 Monitor light reflection groove 9 AWG
10 Edge-incident PD
11 P electrode 12 Fixed pad 13 PD mounting portion 14 P electrode wiring 15 Common n electrode wiring 16 Au / Sn solder film pattern 17 p electrode side wire bonding 17a n electrode side wire bonding 18 Surface incident type PD
19 Mirror formation groove 20 Resin supply groove 21 Liquid cured resin 22 Mirror film

Claims (5)

光モジュールの主光導波路からの出力光をモニタするためのモニタ用光導波路を備えた光回路において、
平坦な基板上に形成された直線状の主光導波路と、
該主光導波路と所定角度で交差する第1の交差部を構成する直線状の第1のモニタ用光導波路と、
前記主光導波路の両側において平行で、かつ前記第1のモニタ用光導波路の両先端部で交差する第2の交差部を構成する2本の直線状の第2のモニタ用光導波路と、
前記主光導波路及び前記第1のモニタ用光導波路の前記第1の交差部と前記2本の第2のモニタ用光導波路を横切り、かつ前記主光導波路と前記第1のモニタ用光導波路間に所定の入反射の関係をなすように設置された基板に略垂直な溝と、
該溝に形成されたフィルタ手段と、
前記第1及び第2のモニタ用光導波路の前記第2の交差部のそれぞれに配置され、前記モニタ用光導波路間に所定の入反射角の関係を満足するようなモニタ光反射膜を備えたモニタ光反射溝とからなり、
前記主光導波路と前記第1のモニタ用光導波路との前記第1の交差部における交差角が、前記第1のモニタ用光導波路と前記第2のモニタ用光導波路との前記第2の交差部における交差角であることを特徴とする光回路。
In an optical circuit having a monitoring optical waveguide for monitoring output light from the main optical waveguide of the optical module,
A linear main optical waveguide formed on a flat substrate;
A linear first monitoring optical waveguide constituting a first intersecting portion intersecting the main optical waveguide at a predetermined angle;
Two linear second monitoring optical waveguides that form a second intersecting portion that is parallel on both sides of the main optical waveguide and intersects at both ends of the first monitoring optical waveguide;
It said main optical waveguide and across the first cross section and the two second monitoring optical waveguide of the first monitoring optical waveguide, and between the said main optical waveguide first monitoring optical waveguide A groove substantially perpendicular to the substrate installed to form a predetermined incident / reflection angle relationship,
Filter means formed in the groove;
A monitor light reflecting film is provided at each of the second intersecting portions of the first and second monitor optical waveguides so as to satisfy a predetermined incident / reflection angle relationship between the monitor optical waveguides. Ri Do and a monitor light reflecting groove,
The intersection angle at the first intersection between the main optical waveguide and the first monitor optical waveguide is the second intersection between the first monitor optical waveguide and the second monitor optical waveguide. An optical circuit characterized in that it is a crossing angle in a section .
請求項1に記載の光回路を複数設けて集積化させたことを特徴とする光回路。An optical circuit comprising a plurality of the optical circuits according to claim 1 integrated. 前記主光導波路及び前記第2のモニタ用光導波路を曲がり導波路としたことを特徴とする請求項に記載の光回路。 3. The optical circuit according to claim 2 , wherein the main optical waveguide and the second monitoring optical waveguide are curved waveguides. 前記第2のモニタ用光導波路の端部に受光素子を設けたことを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の光回路。4. The optical circuit according to claim 2 , wherein a light receiving element is provided at an end of the second monitor optical waveguide. 前記第2のモニタ用光導波路の端部にミラー形成溝を設けるとともに、該ミラー形成溝に反射部材を設け、該反射部材により反射された導波光を受光すべく受光素子を、前記第2のモニタ用光導波路の上部に設けたことを特徴とする請求項2,3又は4に記載の光回路。A mirror forming groove is provided at an end of the second monitor optical waveguide, a reflecting member is provided in the mirror forming groove, and a light receiving element is provided to receive the waveguide light reflected by the reflecting member. 5. The optical circuit according to claim 2 , wherein the optical circuit is provided on an upper portion of the monitor optical waveguide.
JP2002061156A 2002-03-06 2002-03-06 Optical circuit Expired - Fee Related JP3718477B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103091788A (en) * 2011-11-02 2013-05-08 福州高意通讯有限公司 Cascaded optical fiber array device

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JP2009139413A (en) * 2007-12-03 2009-06-25 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Optical element and method of manufacturing the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103091788A (en) * 2011-11-02 2013-05-08 福州高意通讯有限公司 Cascaded optical fiber array device

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