JP3718659B2 - Heat pump type automotive air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat pump automotive air conditioner that cools and heats the interior of a vehicle using engine cooling water and a refrigerant, and more particularly to a heat pump automotive air conditioner that can finely control the operation during heating.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a dual-type heat pump type automotive air conditioner built into a luxury car or a one-box car with a large interior space does not enter a state in which warm air blows out at the start of operation in the case of heating operation. In other words, so-called instant warming is lacking and the heating performance tends to be insufficient.
[0003]
Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, the applicant of the present invention uses a heat pump that heats the refrigerant using the heat of engine cooling water, uses a refrigerant that has changed enthalpy, and exhibits higher heating performance. An air conditioner for automobiles was proposed (see Japanese Patent Application No. 7-271,621).
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 3, this automobile air conditioner causes the refrigerant that has flowed out of the second heat exchanger 22 of the rear unit 20 to flow into the sub heat exchanger 30, and the sub heat exchanger 30 uses the engine cooling water. The refrigerant is heated.
[0005]
In FIG. 3, "1" is the engine, "Wm" is the main hot water circuit, "Ws" is the sub hot water circuit, "11a, 11b" is the hot water cock, "3" is the first condenser, "10" is the front unit, “11” is a heater core, “12” is a first heat exchanger, and “21” is a second capacitor.
[0006]
The engine cooling water is retained by exchanging heat with the extremely low-temperature refrigerant in the sub heat exchanger 30 in the conventional engine cooling water that cannot be used immediately for heating even after heat exchange with air due to low temperature. After the heat is effectively taken into the refrigerant, it is returned to the compressor 2 and pressurized again, so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 becomes a high-temperature isentropic change refrigerant and enters the second capacitor 21. As a result, the air heat-exchanged in the 2nd capacitor | condenser 21 becomes higher temperature, exhibits high heating performance, and improves immediate warming property.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the air conditioner for automobiles configured as described above, the refrigerant is inevitably heated by the sub heat exchanger 30 in the heating operation. For this reason, excellent heating performance is exhibited in the early stage of the heating operation, but there is a possibility that the amount of heat becomes excessive or the discharge pressure of the compressor becomes high in the heating operation stable period.
[0008]
However, it is possible to close the hot water cock 11b and prevent the engine cooling water from flowing into the sub heat exchanger 30. However, even in this case, the high temperature engine cooling water is sealed in the sub heat exchanger 30. Therefore, if the refrigerant flows through this state, it is heated by the engine cooling water, and unnecessary heat is applied to the refrigerant. In this state, if the engine is operated for a while, the refrigerant itself takes away the heat held by the engine cooling water present in the sub heat exchanger 30 and enters a predetermined operation state. It takes a relatively long time, and there is a possibility that an excessive heating state will continue for a while even when the heating operation stabilization period starts.
[0009]
Further, during cooling operation, even if the hot water cock 11b is closed, the heat of the engine coolant flowing through the main hot water circuit Wm enters the sub heat exchanger 30 and unnecessarily heats the refrigerant flowing therethrough. There is also a possibility that the cooling performance is impaired.
[0010]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and enables heating of the refrigerant by the sub heat exchanger to be selected, so that air conditioning operation can be performed without unnecessarily heating the refrigerant. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heat pump type automobile air conditioner that can perform various heating operations that are finely controlled during heating.
[0011]
Inventions described in 請 Motomeko 1 you achieve the above object, constitutes a heater core engine coolant that flows through the main hot water circuit is conducted, the compressor, the cooling cycle together with the first capacitor and the first expansion valve A first unit in which the first heat exchanger is arranged, and a second capacitor connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger so that a part of the refrigerant of the cooling cycle is introduced using an on-off valve And a second unit in which the second heat exchanger is disposed, and a second expansion valve provided on the inlet side of the second heat exchanger, and a sub heat exchanger outside the first and second units And the refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchanger is returned to the compressor through the sub heat exchanger, and one of engine cooling water flowing through the main hot water circuit to the sub heat exchanger. Sub-warm water part In the structure, and a heat pump type air conditioner for a motor vehicle which is adapted to heat the engine cooling water the refrigerant in this sub heat exchanger to direct the bypass said refrigerant is allowed to flow by bypassing the sub heat exchanger A circuit , an opening / closing operation valve provided in the bypass circuit, and a hot water cock provided in the main hot water circuit and the sub hot water circuit, and selectively opening / closing the opening / closing operation valve and the hot water cock. It is characterized by doing so.
[0012]
In this way, if the opening / closing operation valve is provided in the bypass circuit in which the refrigerant flows by bypassing the sub heat exchanger and is closed, the refrigerant can be heated by the sub heat exchanger and has a wide space. Immediate warming during heating is improved even in a vehicle, and if it is opened, heating of the refrigerant can be avoided, and air conditioning operation can be performed without unnecessarily heating the refrigerant simply by selecting opening / closing of the opening / closing operation valve. Ru can be carried out. Moreover, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the discharge pressure of the compressor abnormally increases by opening the opening / closing operation valve. Furthermore, if the opening / closing operation valve and the hot water cock are selectively controlled to open and close during the heating operation, various modes of heating operation can be performed, and finer heating operation can be performed.
[0015]
請 Motomeko 2 inventions described, the opening and closing valve, at least one of the degree of superheat of the pressure or temperature or return refrigerant return refrigerant or discharge refrigerant of the compressor is detected, the detected value is the predetermined value It is characterized by being configured to open when the above is reached .
[0016]
If it does in this way, since an opening- and-closing operation valve will be automatically opened according to heat load at the time of air conditioning operation, heating of a refrigerant by a sub heat exchanger can be avoided automatically.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0020]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a sub heat exchanger incorporated in the embodiment. In these drawings, the same members as those in FIG. The code | symbol is attached | subjected. In the figure, the white arrow indicates the air flow, the solid arrow indicates the refrigerant flow, and the broken arrow indicates the engine coolant flow.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment includes a front unit 10 that is a first unit for air-conditioning the inside and outside air selectively taken in from an intake unit (not shown) and blowing the air toward the front seat. This is a so-called dual air conditioner having a rear unit 20 that is a second unit for air-conditioning and blowing out the rear seat to the target.
[0022]
The front unit 10 includes an intake unit, an intake door, a blower motor (none of which are not shown), and a first heat in the air flow path 10f formed by the casing in order from the upstream side in the air flow direction indicated by the white arrow. An exchanger 12, an air mix door (not shown) and a heater core 11 are disposed, and a blower outlet (not shown) to the vehicle interior is provided on the downstream side in the air flow direction.
[0023]
The front unit 10 is provided with an air mix door (not shown) on the front surface of the heater core 11 and adjusts the ratio of hot air to cold air to produce air at a predetermined temperature in the downstream area of the heater core 11, or Air is prevented from flowing through the heater core 11.
[0024]
The heater core 11 is provided in a main hot water circuit Wm through which engine cooling water flowing out from the engine 2 flows, and engine cooling water is introduced by opening and closing the hot water cock 11a of the hot water circuit Wm.
[0025]
On the other hand, in the rear unit 20, the second heat exchanger 22 and the second condenser 21 are arranged in order from the upstream side in the air flow direction indicated by the white arrow in the air passage 20f formed by the casing.
[0026]
The rear unit 20 is also provided with an air mix door (not shown) in front of the second condenser 21 and adjusts the ratio of hot air to cold air to produce air at a predetermined temperature in the downstream area of the second condenser 21. Or air is not circulated in the second capacitor 21.
[0027]
In the present embodiment, the first heat exchanger 12, the second condenser 21 and the second heat exchanger 22 provided in the front unit 10 and the rear unit 20, respectively, are used as components. In parallel to the first cooling cycle in which the liquid tank 4a, the first on-off valve V1, the first expansion valve 5a, the first heat exchanger 12 are connected by the refrigerant pipe, and the first heat exchanger 12, A second cooling cycle in which the second on-off valve V2, the second condenser 21, the liquid tank 4b, the second expansion valve 5b, the second heat exchanger 22 and the sub heat exchanger 30 are connected by refrigerant piping. Yes.
[0028]
Further, a bypass circuit 3 </ b> B for bypassing the first condenser 3 by the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is provided so that the cooling operation and the heating operation can be realized in the same cycle. The switching between the first capacitor 3 and the bypass circuit 3B is performed by the four-way valve 7. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor is guided to the bypass circuit 3B during the heating operation, and is guided to the first capacitor 3 during the cooling operation. It is burned.
[0029]
The switching between the first cooling cycle and the second cooling cycle described above is performed by a combination of opening / closing operations of the first opening / closing valve V1 and the second opening / closing valve V2.
[0030]
Note that when the refrigerant from the compressor 1 is switched to the first condenser 3 and the bypass circuit 3B, the four-way valve 7 is used at the time of heating start even though there are only three passages. This is because a return circuit m (part indicated by a broken line) can be provided to temporarily return a large amount of refrigerant accumulated in the first capacitor 3 to the compressor 1.
[0031]
The sub heat exchanger 30 has a shape as shown in FIG. 2, for example, and is provided outside the air paths 10 f and 20 f of the front unit 10 and the rear unit 20. Engine cooling water for exchanging heat with the refrigerant flowing through the sub heat exchanger 30 is introduced from the main hot water circuit Wm through the sub hot water circuit Ws by opening the hot water cock 11b. In this sub-heat exchanger 30, the refrigerant flowing inside is heated by the engine cooling water, and so as to exhibit a high heating performance by an isentropic change refrigerant in co compressors 1.
[0032]
In particular, in the present embodiment, a bypass circuit 31 is provided so that the refrigerant guided into the sub heat exchanger 30 flows by bypassing the sub heat exchanger 30, and the circuit 31 is connected to the bypass circuit 31. An opening / closing operation valve 32 that opens and closes is provided.
[0033]
The bypass circuit 31 and the opening / closing operation valve 32 prevent an excessive amount of heat during the heating operation stable period or prevent an abnormal discharge pressure of the compressor from increasing.
[0034]
The control of the opening / closing operation valve 32 is, for example, detection of detecting the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant returning to the compressor 1, the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1, and in some cases, the degree of superheat of the refrigerant returning to the compressor 1. A member (not shown) is provided in the vicinity of the inlet / outlet of the compressor 1 or in the vicinity of the outlet of the first heat exchanger 12 or the second heat exchanger 22 that functions as an evaporator, and the detection member has any one of the temperature and the like as a predetermined value. When the above is detected, a signal from the detection member is input to a control unit (not shown), and an actuator (not shown) that operates the open / close operation valve 32 is operated by the signal from the control unit, thereby opening / closing operation. This is done by opening the valve 32.
[0035]
Here, the reason why the temperature, pressure, or degree of superheat of the refrigerant returning to the compressor 1 is detected is that, if these are high, the heat load in the cooling cycle is large, which means that the amount of heat is excessive.
[0036]
Therefore, during the heating operation, in order to avoid such a situation, the on-off operation valve 32 is opened so that the refrigerant bypasses the sub heat exchanger 30 and returns to the compressor. The heat of the high-temperature engine cooling water is prevented from being transmitted to the refrigerant, and an abnormal increase in the discharge pressure of the compressor caused by compressing the heated refrigerant is also prevented.
[0037]
Next, the overall operation will be described.
(1) Heating operation When both the front and rear seats are heated, first the first on-off valve V1 is closed, the second on-off valve V2 is opened, and the four-way valve 7 is switched so that the refrigerant flows to the bypass circuit 3B. .
[0038]
When the compressor 1 is operated in this state, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the four-way valve 7 → the bypass circuit 3B → the liquid tank 4a → the second on-off valve V2 → the second capacitor 21 → the liquid tank 4b. Further, the refrigerant flows in the order of the second expansion valve 5 b → the second heat exchanger 22 → the sub heat exchanger 30 and returns to the compressor 1.
[0039]
The hot water cocks 11 a and 11 b are both opened, and the engine cooling water whose temperature has risen to some extent by the start of the engine 1 is circulated to the heater core 11, and the engine cooling water is also circulated to the sub heat exchanger 30.
[0040]
Thereby, in the front unit 10, the first heat exchanger 12 does not function, but the intake air is heated to some extent by passing through the heater core 11, and hot air is supplied from the front unit 10 into the room.
[0041]
On the other hand, in the rear unit 20, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 enters the second condenser 21 via the second on-off valve V2. Here, heat is exchanged with the air in the passenger compartment, the air is heated and condensed to become a medium-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, adiabatically expanded by the second expansion valve 5b, becomes a low-pressure refrigerant at a lower temperature, and functions as an evaporator. Enter the exchanger 22. Here, heat is exchanged with the passenger compartment air, the air is cooled and then evaporated, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and flows to the sub heat exchanger 30.
[0042]
Accordingly, the vehicle interior air is first cooled in the second heat exchanger 22 and then heated by the second condenser 21, so that the dehumidified warm air can be supplied indoors in the rear unit.
[0043]
Further, the heating effect by the second capacitor 21 is further enhanced by the sub heat exchanger 30. That is, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant flowing through the sub heat exchanger 30 takes in the heat of the outside air and the heat from the engine cooling water in the sub heat exchanger 30 and returns the refrigerant whose temperature has risen and changed enthalpy to the compressor 1. Is compressed again, the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 rises, high heating performance is exhibited, and immediate warming properties are improved.
[0044]
That is, the refrigerant returned to the compressor 1 is heated by air in the second heat exchanger 22 and heated by engine cooling water in the sub heat exchanger 30, which is a so-called two-stage heating method. The temperature rise of the compressed refrigerant is further accelerated. This tendency is amplified as time passes, and so-called immediate warming property is improved.
[0045]
Further, if the engine cooling water temperature rises while this operation is continued for a while, in the front unit 10, the heating capability of the heater core 11 is increased, and hot air is blown out.
(2) Heating operation stable period When the temperature of the engine cooling water rises and the air stable at high temperature is blown out also in the front unit 10 and the rear unit 20, the first on-off valve V1 is also opened, and the compressor 1 The discharged high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant also flows into the first heat exchanger 12 of the front unit 10, and the first heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator, and dehumidifying heating is performed also in the front seat.
[0046]
However, in the present embodiment, during this heating operation stable period, various operation modes can be selected by selectively opening and closing the hot water cocks 11a and 11b and the opening / closing operation valve 32 as appropriate. The hot water cocks 11a and 11b and the open / close operation valve 32 may be opened and closed by selecting, for example, each valve of a solenoid valve type with a switch. You may control.
[0047]
First, in the first mode, both the hot water cocks 11a and 11b are “open” and the open / close operation valve 32 is “closed”.
[0048]
In this way, the engine cooling water whose temperature has risen from the engine 1 flows to the heater core 11 through the main hot water circuit Wm, so in the front seat, the first heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator to cool the air. Dehumidification heating is performed in which the heater core 11 heats the air. On the other hand, in the rear seat, the engine coolant whose temperature has risen flows to the sub heat exchanger 30 through the sub warm water circuit Ws, so that the refrigerant heated by the sub heat exchanger 30 flows to the second condenser 21, and High heating performance is demonstrated.
[0049]
In the second mode, the hot water cock 11a is “open”, and the hot water cock 11b and the opening / closing operation valve 32 are “closed”.
[0050]
In this way, the front seat, the first heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator, the heater core 11 is made dehumidification and heating to heat the air, a rear seat, the closure of the hot water cock 11b, the sub heat exchanger The engine cooling water does not flow into the vessel 30, and the high-temperature engine cooling water remains sealed in the sub heat exchanger 30. Therefore, if the refrigerant flows through the sub heat exchanger 30, the refrigerant is heated by the engine cooling water. However, the amount of heat gradually decreases due to the circulating refrigerant, and after a predetermined time has passed, a normal heating operation is started. That is, even in the full hot operation state, the operation state in which a higher temperature hot air is obtained continues for a while, and thereafter, the operation state becomes a moderate operation state in which the hot air gradually becomes a normal high temperature.
[0051]
In this aspect, the operation state gradually changes from an operation state in which higher temperature hot air is obtained to operation in which normally higher temperature hot air is obtained. Sudden operating condition changes, there is a possibility that discomfort is caused by the occupant, in this way to vary gradually operating conditions, so that it is gentle operation.
[0052]
In the third mode, the hot water cock 11 a is “open”, the hot water cock 11 b is “closed”, and the open / close operation valve 32 is “open”, and the refrigerant flowing in the sub heat exchanger 30 is passed to the bypass circuit 31. Is the case.
[0053]
In this way, dehumidification heating is performed in the front seat in the same manner as in the first and second aspects, but in the rear seat, the sub heat exchanger is closed by closing the hot water cock 11b and opening the opening / closing operation valve 32. Regardless of the high-temperature engine cooling water in 30, the refrigerant flows through the bypass circuit 31, so that the heating of the refrigerant by the engine cooling water is instantaneously stopped and immediately operated with normal high-temperature hot air. In this aspect, an operation state in which operation at a higher temperature state can be stopped instantaneously becomes possible. In particular, in this case, there is an advantage that this can be easily avoided even when the discharge pressure of the compressor becomes abnormally high.
[0054]
In addition, since the heating operation is not performed in the state where the hot water cock 11a is closed, there is no aspect involving the closing of the hot water cock 11a.
(3) When the front and rear seats are cooled during the cooling operation, one of a front cooler, a dual cooler, and a rear cooler can be selected depending on the combination of the open / close states of the first open / close valve V1 and the second open / close valve V2.
[0055]
That is, when only the front seat is cooled, the four-way valve 7 is switched to set the refrigerant from the compressor 1 to flow to the first condenser 3, and then the first on-off valve V1 is opened and the second on-off valve is opened. Close V2. Thereby, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the four-way valve 7 → the first condenser 3 → the liquid tank 4 a → the first on-off valve V <b> 1 → the first expansion valve 5 a → the first heat exchanger 12. Return to As a result, the first heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator, and the air taken into the front unit 10 is cooled by the first heat exchanger 12 and the cooling air is supplied to the front seat.
[0056]
Further, when used as a dual cooler that cools both the front seat and the rear seat, the four-way valve 7 is switched so that the refrigerant from the compressor 1 flows to the first condenser 3, and then the first on-off valve V1 and The second on-off valve V2 is opened together. As a result, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the four-way valve 7 → the first condenser 3 → the liquid tank 4a and branches here, and a part of the refrigerant is the first on-off valve V1 → first. Return to expansion valve 5a → first heat exchanger 12 and flow compressor 1. The remaining refrigerant returns to the flow compressor 1 through the second on-off valve V 2 → second condenser 21 → liquid tank 4 b → second expansion valve 5 b → second heat exchanger 22 → sub heat exchanger 30.
[0057]
As a result, the first heat exchanger 12 of the front unit 10 functions as an evaporator, the air taken into the front unit 10 is cooled by the first heat exchanger 12, and the cooling air is supplied to the front seat. In the rear unit 20, the second heat exchanger 22 functions as an evaporator. Then, the air taken into the rear unit 20 is cooled by the second heat exchanger 22 and the cooling air is supplied to the rear seat. Thereby, a dual cooler is realized.
[0058]
When only the rear seat is to be cooled, the four-way valve 7 is switched and set so that the refrigerant from the compressor 1 flows to the first condenser 3, and then the second on-off valve V2 is opened and the first on-off valve V1. Close. As a result, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is changed from the four-way valve 7 → the first condenser 3 → the liquid tank 4a → the second on-off valve V2 → the second condenser 21 → the liquid tank 4b → the second expansion valve 5b → the second. 2 Return to heat exchanger 22 → sub heat exchanger 30 and flow compressor 1.
[0059]
As a result, the refrigerant does not flow through the first heat exchanger 12 of the front unit 10 and therefore does not function as an evaporator. On the other hand, in the rear unit 20, the second heat exchanger 22 functions as an evaporator and cools the air. . As a result, the air taken into the rear unit 20 is cooled by the second heat exchanger 22, and the cooling air is supplied only to the rear seat.
[0060]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. For example, the embodiment described above relates to an automobile air conditioner having a first unit and a second unit, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to only one having such two units. Any heat pump type automobile air conditioner having a sub-evaporator can be applied regardless of the number of units.
[0061]
Further, although the sub heat exchanger 30 of the above embodiment is provided at a position closest to the compressor 1, such a position is not necessarily required. In some cases, the front unit 10 and the rear unit 20 You may provide between.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, since the refrigerant selectively bypasses the sub heat exchanger and flows, the desired refrigerant can be obtained without unnecessarily heating the refrigerant. A cooling / heating operation can be performed, and a situation in which the discharge pressure of the compressor rises abnormally by opening the opening / closing operation valve can be avoided.
In the third aspect of the present invention, since the opening / closing operation valve is automatically closed according to the heat load during the air conditioning operation, the heating of the refrigerant by the sub heat exchanger can be automatically avoided.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, if the opening / closing operation valve and the hot water cock are selectively opened and closed during the heating operation, various modes of heating operation can be performed, and more detailed heating operation can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a sub heat exchanger incorporated in the same embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional automobile air conditioner.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Compressor,
3 ... 1st capacitor,
5a ... 1st expansion valve,
5b ... second expansion valve,
10: Front unit (first unit),
11 ... heater core,
11a, 11b ... hot water cock,
12 ... 1st heat exchanger,
20 ... Rear unit (second unit),
21 ... second capacitor,
22 ... second heat exchanger,
30 ... Sub heat exchanger,
31. Bypass circuit,
32 ... Opening and closing operation valve,
V1, V2 ... open / close valve,
Wm ... main hot water circuit,
Ws ... Sub warm water circuit.

Claims (2)

The heater core (11) through which the engine coolant flowing through the main hot water circuit (Wm) is guided, the compressor (1), the first condenser (3), and the first expansion valve (5a) constitute the first cooling cycle. A first unit (10) in which a heat exchanger (12) is arranged;
A second condenser (21) and a second heat connected in parallel with the first heat exchanger (12) so that a part of the refrigerant of the cooling cycle is introduced using the on-off valves (V1, V2). A second unit (20) in which an exchanger (22) is arranged;
A second expansion valve (5b) provided on the inlet side of the second heat exchanger (22),
A sub heat exchanger (30) is provided outside the first and second units (10, 20), and the refrigerant flowing out of the second heat exchanger (22) passes through the sub heat exchanger (30) and passes through the sub heat exchanger (30). together configured to be fed back to the compressor (1), constituting the sub-heat exchanger a part of the engine cooling water flowing through (30) said main hot water circuit (Wm) to direct Ri good sub hot water circuit (Ws) In the heat pump type automobile air conditioner in which the refrigerant is heated by engine cooling water in the sub heat exchanger (30),
A bypass circuit (31) in which the refrigerant flows by bypassing the sub heat exchanger (30);
An opening / closing operation valve (32) provided in the bypass circuit (31) ,
Hot water cocks (11a, 11b) provided in the main hot water circuit (Wm) and the sub hot water circuit (Ws) ,
Have
A heat pump type automotive air conditioner characterized in that the opening / closing operation valve (32) and the hot water cock (11a, 11b) are selectively controlled to open and close .   The open / close operation valve (32) detects at least one of the pressure or temperature of the return refrigerant or discharge refrigerant of the compressor (1) or the degree of superheat of the return refrigerant, and opens when the detected value exceeds a predetermined value. The heat pump type automobile air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is configured as described above.

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