JP3719306B2 - Method for producing vinyl chloride polymer - Google Patents
Method for producing vinyl chloride polymer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3719306B2 JP3719306B2 JP09212097A JP9212097A JP3719306B2 JP 3719306 B2 JP3719306 B2 JP 3719306B2 JP 09212097 A JP09212097 A JP 09212097A JP 9212097 A JP9212097 A JP 9212097A JP 3719306 B2 JP3719306 B2 JP 3719306B2
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- Prior art keywords
- polymerization
- vinyl chloride
- polymer
- chloride monomer
- value
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- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 45
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010558 suspension polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HGXJDMCMYLEZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOOC(=O)C(C)(C)C HGXJDMCMYLEZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 aromatic amine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 7,7-dimethyloctaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKDKWYQGLUUPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxyhexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC=C UKDKWYQGLUUPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZJQCUDHKUWEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpentanenitrile Chemical compound CCCC(C)(C)C#N TZJQCUDHKUWEFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZACVGCNKGYYQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxycarbonyloxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)OOC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC ZACVGCNKGYYQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、重合体スケールの発生を防止する塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法に関する。更に詳しくは、重合体スケールの付着が少なく、フィッシュアイの少ない高品質の塩化ビニル系樹脂を、高速重合つまり高生産性下で水性媒体中で重合することのできる塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
塩化ビニル系単量体の重合反応を始め、多くの重合反応において、重合容器内の壁面に発生する重合体スケールの付着は、重合体の収率の低下、重合器の除熱能力の低下及び剥離した重合体スケールの混入による品質の悪化、さらには、重合体スケールの除去にかかる多大な労力と費用等、様々な問題を引き起こしている。従来、このような問題を解決する方法としては、適当な物質を重合体スケール付着防止剤として重合反応器の内壁に塗布する方法が、もっとも広範に活用されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記付着防止剤は、顔料、染料の類や芳香族アミン系化合物、フェノール系化合物等のように有色のものが多く、これらを付着防止剤として塗布した重合器で反応を行った場合には、付着防止剤の剥離、混入により、重合体が着色してしまう問題を含んでいる。又、最近主流となっている高速重合下では、付着防止剤の使用だけでは、依然として十分な成果は上げられていない。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、このような実状に鑑み、鋭意検討を重ねた結果、塩化ビニル系単量体を水性媒体中で重合させるに際し、Pv値を制御することにより、この問題点を解決できることを見だし、本発明を完成するに到った。即ち、本発明の要旨は、塩化ビニル単量体又は塩化ビニル単量体を主体とする共重合可能な単量体の混合物(以下、「塩化ビニル系単量体」という)を、水性媒体中で重合して塩化ビニル系重合体を製造する方法において、重合開始から、重合転化率が0.1%に達するまでの間、重合器内の内容液1m3あたりの正味の撹拌動力(以下、「Pv値」と記す)を、0.2kW/m3以上1.0kW/m3未満に制御して重合を行い、かつ重合転化率が5.0%に達するまでの間にPv値を1.0〜2.0kW/m 3 に増加させて重合を継続し、6時間以内に重合を終了させることを特徴とする塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法に存する。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細にに説明する。
重合器の攪拌動力を制御する方法としては、例えば「化学工学協会編:化学工学便覧、改訂三版、1065〜1115頁、昭和43年、丸善株式会社」に詳細に記載されているように、各種形状の攪拌装置についての攪拌系のレイノズル数Reと動力数Npの関係を示す実験式線図を利用するか、又は、ある一定の攪拌条件下で動力値を実測することにより、装置定数としてのNpを実験的に求め、攪拌翼の回転数を変更することにより動力を任意に調整することができる。
【0006】
即ち、重合器内の内容液の密度をρ(kg/m3)、翼長をd(m)、粘性係数をμ(kg/m・s)、攪拌翼の回転数をn(1/s)、動力換算係数をgc(kg・m/Kg・s2)、減速機構部や軸封部での損失を含まない正味の攪拌動力をP(Kg/m・s)とすれば、Re及びNpはそれぞれ、
Re=ρnd2/μ
Np=Pgc/ρn3d5
で定義され、公知文献又は実験からNpを求めることができる。
ここで、重合器内の液量をV(m3)とすれば、重合器内の内容液1m3あたりの正味の攪拌動力Pv(kW/m3)は、
Pv=Npρn3d2/102Vgc
で表される。従って、特定の攪拌装置を用いてPv値を調整する場合には、Pv値は攪拌翼の回転数の3乗に比例して変化するので、回転数によりPv値を調整する方法が容易である。
【0007】
一般的に、塩化ビニル系単量体を水性媒体中で重合させて塩化ビニル系重合体を製造する方法において、重合転化率が0.1%未満の素粒子は、固液界面のスキンと呼ばれる薄層部が完成しておらず、素粒子が重合器壁面と衝突した際には、非常に付着を発生しやすい状態にあるといわれている。従って、重合開始から、重合転化率が少なくとも0.1%まで、Pv値を0.2kW/m3以上1.0kW/m3未満に制御して重合を行うことが、重合体スケールの付着を防止する上で必要であり、重合転化率が1.0%程度までPv値を、上記範囲に制御するのが好ましい。
【0008】
更に、重合開始から、重合転化率が少なくとも0.1%まで、好ましくは1.0%程度までのPv値を0.2kW/m3以上1.0kW/m3未満に制御して重合を行い、少なくとも重合転化率が5.0%に達するまでに、Pv値を1.0〜2.0kW/m3に増加させれば、粒子径は重合スケールの付着を防止しながら、なおかつ、小〜中粒子径のFEの良好な重合体を得ることが可能となる。
【0009】
本発明において使用される攪拌翼や、所望により使用されるバッフル等の攪拌装置の形状は特に限定されるものでなく、従来から塩化ビニル系単量体の重合で一般的に採用されている攪拌装置を使用することができ、攪拌翼としては、タービン翼、ファンタービン翼、ファウドラー翼及びブルーマージン翼が例示され、バッフルとしては、板型、円筒型、D型、ループ型及びフィンガー型が例示される。
【0010】
本発明において使用される塩化ビニル系単量体は、塩化ビニル単量体単独及び塩化ビニル単量体を主体とする共重合可能な単量体の混合物を含む。塩化ビニル単量体と共重合可能な他の単量体としては、塩化ビニル単量体の重合において、従来一般的に用いられているものを使用することができ、特に限定はされない。上記の他の単量体としては、例えば、酢酸ビニル等のビニルエステル類、セチルビニルエーテル等のアルキルビニルエーテル類、エチレン、プロピレン等のα−オレフィン類、アクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸メチル等の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル類、塩化ビニリデン等のビニリデン化合物等が挙げられる。これらの他の単量体は塩化ビニル単量体に対し、通常20重量%以下の割合で使用される。
【0011】
本発明の方法は、水性媒体中での塩化ビニル系単量体の重合に適用される。一般に塩化ビニル系単量体の水性媒体中での重合は、部分ケン化ポリ酢酸ビニル(いわゆるポリビニルアルコール)等の分散安定剤を用い、塩化ビニル単量体に可溶の重合開始剤を使用する懸濁重合法、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム等の界面活性剤を乳化剤として用い、塩化ビニル単量体に可溶の重合開始剤を使用し、均質化処理を施した上で重合を行う微細懸濁重合法、界面活性剤を用いて、水溶性の重合開始剤を使用する乳化重合法等が例示できる。本発明を適用する重合における、具体的な重合処方、方法としては、それぞれの重合法において通常使用されるものを用いればよく、特に限定はされない。
【0012】
本発明は、油溶性の重合開始剤を使用し、分散安定剤を用いる懸濁重合法に適用するのが、効果も顕著で好適である。油溶性の重合開始剤としては、過酸化ベンゾイル、ラウロイルペルオキシド、tert−ブチルペルオキシピバレート、ジ(2−エチルヘキシル)ペルオキシジカーボネート、ジイソプロピルペルオキシジカーボネート、tert−ブチルペルオキシネオデカノエート、α−クミルペルオキシネオデカノエート等の有機過酸化物、アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)、アゾビス(ジメチルバレロニトリル)等のアゾ化合物等が例示できる。これらの重合開始剤の使用量は、通常塩化ビニル系単量体に対して0.01〜0.5重量%である。
【0013】
又、分散安定剤としては、水溶性の部分ケン化ポリ酢酸ビニル(いわゆるポリビニルアルコール)や、ヒドロキシイソプロピルメチルセルロース等の水溶性セルロース誘導体を用いるのが好ましい。又、上記の分散安定剤に加えて、油溶性の部分ケン化ポリ酢酸ビニル、ゼラチン類、非イオン界面活性剤、アニオン界面活性剤等を分散安定助剤として使用しても良い。
【0014】
更に、本発明においては、必要に応じて塩化ビニル系単量体の重合に使用される連鎖移動剤、酸化防止剤、架橋剤、pH調節剤、スケール付着防止剤等の各種重合助剤等を適宜使用することができ、これらの各成分の仕込量等は、一般的な条件で差し支えない。本発明を実施するに際しての重合器への塩化ビニル系単量体、水性媒体、分散安定剤、重合開始剤及び各種重合助剤の仕込み割合、仕込み方法、あるいはスケール付着防止剤の種類や適用の方法も特に限定されるものではない。本発明方法において重合を停止させる方法としては、いわゆる重合禁止剤や重合停止剤を添加したり、重合器から未反応単量体を回収する方法が挙げられる。塩化ビニル系重合体から、残留した塩化ビニル系単量体を除去する方法、生成した塩化ビニル系重合体を水性媒体から分離、乾燥するための方法等も、それぞれの重合法において通常採用されている方法を用いればよい。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を示して本発明を具体的に説明する。
ここで行った評価方法は、次に示すとおりである。
(1)平均重合度
JIS K6721に示される測定方法に準拠し、実施した。
(2)嵩比重
JIS K6721に示される測定方法に準拠し、実施した。
(3)平均粒径
ロータップ式振動篩(JIS篩使用)を使用して測定した粒度分布より、メジアン径(50%重量径)を求めて、平均粒子径とした。
(4)重合体スケール付着量
各重合反応終了後、重合器壁(液相部、気相部)及びバッフル部のスケール付着状態を、目指標化した。評価基準は以下の通りである。
○:全く付着なし。
△:部分的にうっすらと付着が存在する。
×:広範囲にわたって付着が存在する。
(5)フィッシュアイ試験
塩化ビニル樹脂を表1に示す割合で各配合剤と混合し、155℃のミキシングロールで表1に示す時間、混練してロールシートを作成し、このロールシート25cm2中に認められるFE数を数え、FE個数とした。
【0016】
【表1】
【0017】
<実施例1、比較例1〜2>
内容積400リットルの攪拌機及び外部ジャケットを備えたステンレス製重合器に、p−トルエンスルホン酸とソルベントブラックを主成分とする付着防止剤を塗布した後、脱イオン水150kg、塩化ビニル単量体100kg、平均重合度2300、ケン化度88.5モル%の部分ケン化ポリ酢酸ビニル0.08重量%(対塩化ビニル単量体)を仕込み、更に油溶性重合開始剤としてtert−ブチルパーオキシネオデカノエート0.05重量%を添加した後、系を57℃に昇温して重合を開始した。重合開始後、先に実施したブランクテストにより得た重合転化率を目処に、Pv値を、表2に示すように調整した。重合転化率が80%になったところで、未反応の塩化ビニル単量体を系外へ回収して反応を終了させ、重合開始からここに到るまでの時間を反応時間とした。更に重合器内の塩化ビニル単量体を大気圧になるまで除去した後、真空吸引し、冷却した。得られた塩化ビニル重合体を重合器外へ取り出し、脱水、乾燥を行って塩化ビニル重合体を得た。
【0018】
<比較例3>
実施例1において、油溶性重合開始剤tert−ブチルパーオキシネオデカノエートの量を0.01重量%とし、更に、tert−ブチルペルオキシピバレート0.01重量%を併用した。上記以外の操作手順は、実施例1と同様にして重合を実施した。
【0019】
<実施例2、比較例4>
上記、実施例1及び比較例1の操作より、付着防止剤の塗布工程を削除した以外は、同様にして重合を実施した。
【0020】
【表2】
【0021】
【表3】
【0022】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、重合体スケールの付着が少なく、さらには、フィッシュアイの少ない、高品質の塩化ビニル系樹脂を、高生産性下で、水性媒体中で重合することが可能となる。つまり、本発明の方法により、塩化ビニル系樹脂を生産した場合、重合体スケールの発生に基づく、生産性の低下や品質の低下の防止及び重合体スケールの除去にかかる労力、時間、費用の節約が可能となる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer that prevents the occurrence of polymer scale. More specifically, a method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer capable of polymerizing a high-quality vinyl chloride resin with less polymer scale adhesion and less fish eye in an aqueous medium under high-speed polymerization, that is, high productivity. It is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In many polymerization reactions including the polymerization reaction of vinyl chloride monomers, the adhesion of the polymer scale generated on the wall surface in the polymerization vessel causes a decrease in the yield of the polymer, a decrease in the heat removal capability of the polymerizer, and Various problems such as deterioration of quality due to mixing of the peeled polymer scale and a great amount of labor and cost for removing the polymer scale are caused. Conventionally, as a method for solving such a problem, a method of applying an appropriate substance to the inner wall of a polymerization reactor as a polymer scale adhesion preventing agent has been most widely used.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there are many colored anti-adhesive agents such as pigments, dyes, aromatic amine compounds, phenolic compounds, etc., and when these are reacted in a polymerizer coated with these as anti-adhesive agents. Includes a problem that the polymer is colored due to peeling and mixing of the adhesion preventing agent. Moreover, under the high-speed polymerization which has become the mainstream recently, sufficient results have not been achieved only by using an anti-adhesive agent.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies in view of such a situation, the present inventors have found that this problem can be solved by controlling the Pv value when polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer in an aqueous medium. As a result, the present invention has been completed. That is, the gist of the present invention is that a vinyl chloride monomer or a mixture of copolymerizable monomers mainly composed of vinyl chloride monomer (hereinafter referred to as “vinyl chloride monomer”) in an aqueous medium. In the method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer by polymerizing with the above, from the start of polymerization until the polymerization conversion rate reaches 0.1% , the net stirring power per 1 m 3 of the content liquid in the polymerization vessel (hereinafter, (Pv value) is controlled to 0.2 kW / m 3 or more and less than 1.0 kW / m 3 to perform polymerization , and the Pv value is 1 until the polymerization conversion rate reaches 5.0%. The present invention resides in a method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer, characterized in that the polymerization is continued by increasing to 0.0 to 2.0 kW / m 3 and the polymerization is terminated within 6 hours.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
As a method for controlling the stirring power of the polymerization vessel, for example, as described in detail in “Chemical Engineering Association, Chemical Engineering Handbook, revised third edition, pages 1065 to 1115, Showa 43, Maruzen Co., Ltd.” By using an empirical diagram indicating the relationship between the number of lay nozzles Re and the power number Np of the stirring system for various types of stirring devices, or by measuring the power value under a certain stirring condition, Np can be obtained experimentally, and the power can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the stirring blade.
[0006]
That is, the density of the content liquid in the polymerization vessel is ρ (kg / m 3 ), the blade length is d (m), the viscosity coefficient is μ (kg / m · s), and the rotation speed of the stirring blade is n (1 / s ), The power conversion coefficient is gc (kg · m / Kg · s 2 ), and the net stirring power not including loss at the speed reduction mechanism or shaft seal is P (Kg / m · s). Np is
Re = ρnd 2 / μ
Np = Pgc / ρn 3 d 5
Np can be obtained from known literature or experiments.
Here, if the amount of liquid in the polymerization vessel is V (m 3 ), the net stirring power Pv (kW / m 3 ) per 1 m 3 of the content liquid in the polymerization vessel is
Pv = Npρn 3 d 2 / 102Vgc
It is represented by Accordingly, when the Pv value is adjusted using a specific stirring device, the Pv value changes in proportion to the cube of the rotation speed of the stirring blade, so that a method for adjusting the Pv value by the rotation speed is easy. .
[0007]
In general, in a method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer by polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer in an aqueous medium, elementary particles having a polymerization conversion rate of less than 0.1% are called skins at the solid-liquid interface. It is said that when the thin layer portion is not completed and the elementary particles collide with the wall surface of the polymerizer, they are very likely to be attached. Therefore, the start of the polymerization, the polymerization conversion up to at least 0.1%, carrying out the polymerization by controlling the Pv value less than 0.2 kW / m 3 or more 1.0 kW / m 3 is, polymer scale deposition It is necessary to prevent this, and it is preferable to control the Pv value within the above range until the polymerization conversion rate is about 1.0%.
[0008]
Furthermore, from the initiation of the polymerization, until the polymerization conversion rate of at least 0.1%, preferably performs control to polymerize the Pv value of up to about 1.0% to less than 0.2 kW / m 3 or more 1.0 kW / m 3 , at least by polymerization conversion rate reached 5.0%, lever increases the Pv value 1.0~2.0kW / m 3, while preventing particle diameter attachment of polymerization scale, yet, small to It becomes possible to obtain a polymer having a medium particle size and good FE.
[0009]
The shape of the stirrer used in the present invention and the stirrer such as a baffle used as desired is not particularly limited, and the stirrer that has been generally employed in the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers from the past. An apparatus can be used. Examples of the stirring blade include a turbine blade, a fan turbine blade, a Faudler blade, and a blue margin blade. Examples of the baffle include a plate shape, a cylindrical shape, a D shape, a loop shape, and a finger shape. Is done.
[0010]
The vinyl chloride monomer used in the present invention includes a vinyl chloride monomer alone and a mixture of copolymerizable monomers mainly composed of the vinyl chloride monomer. As the other monomer copolymerizable with the vinyl chloride monomer, those conventionally used in the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers can be used and are not particularly limited. Examples of the other monomers include vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, alkyl vinyl ethers such as cetyl vinyl ether, α-olefins such as ethylene and propylene, (meth) such as methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate. Examples include acrylic acid alkyl esters and vinylidene compounds such as vinylidene chloride. These other monomers are usually used in a proportion of 20% by weight or less based on the vinyl chloride monomer.
[0011]
The method of the present invention is applied to the polymerization of a vinyl chloride monomer in an aqueous medium. In general, polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers in an aqueous medium uses a dispersion stabilizer such as partially saponified polyvinyl acetate (so-called polyvinyl alcohol) and a polymerization initiator soluble in the vinyl chloride monomer. Suspension polymerization method, fine suspension polymerization method using a surfactant such as sodium lauryl sulfate as an emulsifier, using a polymerization initiator soluble in vinyl chloride monomer, and performing polymerization after homogenization treatment An emulsion polymerization method using a water-soluble polymerization initiator using a surfactant can be exemplified. The specific polymerization formulation and method in the polymerization to which the present invention is applied may be any one that is usually used in each polymerization method, and is not particularly limited.
[0012]
The present invention is suitable for application to a suspension polymerization method using an oil-soluble polymerization initiator and using a dispersion stabilizer. Examples of oil-soluble polymerization initiators include benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, tert-butylperoxypivalate, di (2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate, diisopropylperoxydicarbonate, tert-butylperoxyneodecanoate, α-copolymer. Examples thereof include organic peroxides such as milperoxyneodecanoate and azo compounds such as azobis (isobutyronitrile) and azobis (dimethylvaleronitrile). The amount of these polymerization initiators used is usually 0.01 to 0.5% by weight based on the vinyl chloride monomer.
[0013]
As the dispersion stabilizer, water-soluble partially saponified polyvinyl acetate (so-called polyvinyl alcohol) or a water-soluble cellulose derivative such as hydroxyisopropyl methylcellulose is preferably used. In addition to the above dispersion stabilizer, oil-soluble partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, gelatins, nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and the like may be used as dispersion stabilizers.
[0014]
Furthermore, in the present invention, if necessary, various polymerization aids such as chain transfer agents, antioxidants, crosslinking agents, pH adjusters, scale adhesion inhibitors used for polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers are added. They can be used as appropriate, and the charge amounts of these components may be in general conditions. In carrying out the present invention, the proportion of vinyl chloride monomer, aqueous medium, dispersion stabilizer, polymerization initiator and various polymerization aids to the polymerization vessel, the charging method, the type and application of scale adhesion inhibitor The method is not particularly limited. Examples of the method for stopping the polymerization in the method of the present invention include a method of adding a so-called polymerization inhibitor or a polymerization terminator or recovering unreacted monomers from the polymerization vessel. A method for removing the residual vinyl chloride monomer from the vinyl chloride polymer and a method for separating and drying the generated vinyl chloride polymer from the aqueous medium are usually employed in each polymerization method. Any method may be used.
[0015]
【Example】
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples.
The evaluation method performed here is as follows.
(1) Average polymerization degree It implemented based on the measuring method shown by JISK6721.
(2) Bulk specific gravity It carried out according to the measuring method shown by JISK6721.
(3) Average particle diameter The median diameter (50% weight diameter) was determined from the particle size distribution measured using a low-tap vibratory sieve (using a JIS sieve), and used as the average particle diameter.
(4) Amount of polymer scale attached After each polymerization reaction, the scale attached state of the polymerization vessel wall (liquid phase part, gas phase part) and baffle part was converted into an index. The evaluation criteria are as follows.
○: No adhesion at all.
Δ: Partially slightly adhered.
X: Adhesion exists over a wide range.
(5) Fish eye test A vinyl chloride resin is mixed with each compounding agent in the ratio shown in Table 1, and kneaded with a mixing roll at 155 ° C. for the time shown in Table 1 to create a roll sheet. In this roll sheet 25 cm 2 The number of FEs recognized in (1) was counted as the FE number.
[0016]
[Table 1]
[0017]
<Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-2>
After applying an anti-adhesive agent composed mainly of p-toluenesulfonic acid and solvent black to a stainless steel polymerization vessel equipped with a stirrer with an internal volume of 400 liters and an external jacket, 150 kg of deionized water and 100 kg of vinyl chloride monomer , 0.08% by weight (with respect to vinyl chloride monomer) of partially saponified polyvinyl acetate having an average polymerization degree of 2300 and a saponification degree of 88.5 mol%, and tert-butylperoxyneo as an oil-soluble polymerization initiator After adding 0.05% by weight of decanoate, the system was heated to 57 ° C. to initiate polymerization. After the initiation of polymerization, the Pv value was adjusted as shown in Table 2 with the polymerization conversion rate obtained by the blank test performed earlier as the target. When the polymerization conversion reached 80%, the unreacted vinyl chloride monomer was recovered out of the system to terminate the reaction, and the time from the start of polymerization to this time was defined as the reaction time. Further, the vinyl chloride monomer in the polymerization vessel was removed to atmospheric pressure, and then sucked in vacuum and cooled. The obtained vinyl chloride polymer was taken out of the polymerization vessel, dehydrated and dried to obtain a vinyl chloride polymer.
[0018]
<Comparative Example 3>
In Example 1, the amount of the oil-soluble polymerization initiator tert-butyl peroxyneodecanoate was set to 0.01% by weight, and 0.01% by weight of tert-butyl peroxypivalate was further used in combination. Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the operating procedures described above.
[0019]
<Example 2 and Comparative Example 4>
Polymerization was carried out in the same manner except that the application process of the anti-adhesive agent was omitted from the operations of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 above.
[0020]
[Table 2]
[0021]
[Table 3]
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to polymerize a high-quality vinyl chloride resin with less polymer scale and less fish eye in an aqueous medium under high productivity. In other words, when vinyl chloride resin is produced by the method of the present invention, it is possible to prevent labor, time, and cost for preventing reduction in productivity and quality and removal of polymer scale based on generation of polymer scale. Is possible.
Claims (2)
6時間以内に重合を終了させることを特徴とする塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法。A vinyl chloride monomer or a mixture of copolymerizable monomers mainly composed of vinyl chloride monomer (hereinafter referred to as “vinyl chloride monomer”) is polymerized in an aqueous medium to produce a vinyl chloride heavy polymer. a method for producing a polymer, until the polymerization initiator or RaShigeru if conversion reaches 0.1%, stirring power net per content fluid 1 m 3 in the polymerization vessel (hereinafter referred to as "Pv value") Is controlled to be 0.2 kW / m 3 or more and less than 1.0 kW / m 3 , and the Pv value is changed to 1.0 to 2. until the polymerization conversion rate reaches 5.0%. Continue the polymerization by increasing to 0 kW / m 3 ,
A method for producing a vinyl chloride polymer, wherein the polymerization is completed within 6 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09212097A JP3719306B2 (en) | 1997-04-10 | 1997-04-10 | Method for producing vinyl chloride polymer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09212097A JP3719306B2 (en) | 1997-04-10 | 1997-04-10 | Method for producing vinyl chloride polymer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10279628A JPH10279628A (en) | 1998-10-20 |
| JP3719306B2 true JP3719306B2 (en) | 2005-11-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09212097A Expired - Fee Related JP3719306B2 (en) | 1997-04-10 | 1997-04-10 | Method for producing vinyl chloride polymer |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3719306B2 (en) |
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- 1997-04-10 JP JP09212097A patent/JP3719306B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10279628A (en) | 1998-10-20 |
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