JP3719938B2 - Effective use system for manure and business fresh products - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an effective use system for manure and an effective use system for business-related fresh products that effectively use fresh products such as business-related vegetables such as manure generated from a barn.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For the purpose of environmental conservation, the livestock excrement law has been enacted for manure and the like (waste and waste liquid) generated from livestock (livestock houses), and various methods for treating the manure and the like have been studied. As a general method for treating manure or the like, for example, a methane fermentation treatment system is known in which manure is composted into fertilizer or fermented to generate methane gas for electric power. Depending on the structure of the livestock barn and the type of livestock, this treatment system mixes manure (solids and liquids) and treats them (hereinafter referred to as manure mixing process), and manure (solids) and urine (liquids). ) Are separated and processed (hereinafter referred to as feces and urine separation processing).
[0003]
In the case of manure mixing treatment, waste containing manure from the barn is first placed in a fermenter (methane fermenter) where facultative anaerobes and absolute anaerobes (methane bacteria) coexist. It is introduced via a pump, piping, etc., and the inside of the fermenter is kept at a predetermined temperature (temperature optimum for fermentation). Organic substances such as manure (polymer organic substances; carbohydrates, fats, proteins, etc.) introduced into the fermentor are converted to low molecular intermediate products (acidic intermediate products; alcohol, butyric acid by the facultative anaerobic bacteria. , Propionic acid, etc.) and then converted into flammable gas (methane gas) by the absolute anaerobic bacteria.
[0004]
The flammable gas is subjected to water removal and desulfurization by a dewatering device or a desulfurization device, and then stored in a gas holder, for example, and used as a fuel for a generator such as a gas turbine engine. The digestive juice (and residue) remaining without fermenting in the fermenter has a low odor and contains fertilizer components (very high BOD, SS) such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. Liquid fertilizer can be obtained by slurrying through treatment.
[0005]
In the case of the manure separation process, the waste liquid containing urine (and sewage etc.) generated from the barn is discharged through a predetermined purification process (for example, disinfection process). In the case of solid waste (solids with low water content) such as feces, after being introduced into the fermenter, flammable gas is fermented by the same method as in the case of the manure and urine mixing treatment, and the remaining digestive juice (and residue) Make liquid fertilizer.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of the excrement mixing process and the excrement separation process as described above, not only excrement but also impurities that do not contribute to fermentation (for example, large contaminants) are introduced into the fermentor, so that a large fermenter is required. In particular, in the case of feces and urine separation treatment, the fluidity between the barn and the fermenter is extremely low and cannot be introduced into the fermenter as it is. Therefore, it is necessary to dilute the waste generated from the barn with a large amount of tap water or well water to make it fluid, so it takes time, requires a large fermenter, and organic matter (organic matter concentration) Thinner and less generated gas. Moreover, pumps, pipes and the like are blocked by the above-mentioned contaminants, and sludge accumulation and scum are generated in the fermenter.
[0007]
Furthermore, in the case of livestock farmers who have farmland (for example, in the case of large land such as Hokkaido), the digestive juice can be used as liquid fertilizer, but in the case of livestock farmers who do not have farmland (for example, in the narrow land of Honshu) In the case of), the digestive juice is introduced into a composting facility and composted and matured composted by a predetermined composting process (moisture removal; air blowing and optimum heating) and then sold to a farmer, etc. or used for private use. For example, after the purification treatment such as the activated sludge method, it is discharged into a river or the like.
[0008]
When composting or composting digestive juice, it is necessary to keep the digestive fluid at an optimum temperature by heating the digestive fluid in order to efficiently perform composting, and a blower for the digestive fluid It is necessary to supply air. This increases the cost required for the processing system. When the digestive juice is discharged, it cannot be discharged as it is, and a purification process is required, which requires labor and cost.
[0009]
The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned problems, and can efficiently carry out fermentation treatment and composting using waste and waste liquid containing manure produced from a barn without generating malodor or drainage. It is possible to provide an effective use system for manure and business fresh products that can be reduced in size, simplified, and reduced in cost.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is an effective utilization system for manure, wherein waste containing manure produced from a barn is separated into juice and separated solids by a juicer. The squeezed liquid is introduced into a fermenter (for example, methane fermenter) and converted into a combustible gas (for example, methane gas), and the separated solid is composted with the carbonized or digested liquid of the fermenter. The generator is driven by the combustible gas to obtain electric power and hot water, the processing system (for example, each facility of the processing system) is operated by the electric power, and the hot water is circulated or supplied to the fermenter. It is characterized by.
[0011]
In addition, as means for circulating hot water in the fermenter, for example, a coiled pipe is provided in the fermenter, and the pipe is used as a heating device. By circulating hot water through the piping of the heating device, the inside of the fermenter can be kept at a predetermined temperature.
[0012]
Invention of Claim 2 supplies the waste containing the droppings produced from the said barn to a stirring storage tank, and the waste liquid (for example, the waste liquid in a urine and sewage storage tank) containing the urine produced from the said barn A part (for dilution) is supplied to the agitation storage tank and agitated with waste, and the remaining waste liquid (for compost) is composted.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that exhaust gas (warm air) generated from the generator is used for the composting.
[0014]
The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that the generator is a micro gas turbine.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 5 is an effective utilization system for business-related fresh products, wherein fresh products discharged from business-related products are separated into squeezed liquid and separated solids by a squeezing machine, and the squeezed liquid is a fermenter ( For example, it is introduced into a methane fermenter and converted into a combustible gas (for example, methane gas), and the separated solid is composted with the digestion liquid of the carbonization treatment or the fermentation layer, and the generator is generated by the combustible gas. Drive to obtain electric power and hot water, operate a processing system (for example, each facility of the processing system) with the electric power, and circulate the hot water to the fermenter (circulate by a method similar to the invention of claim 1) Or supplied.
[0016]
The invention described in claim 6 is characterized in that exhaust gas (warm air) generated from the generator is used for the composting.
[0017]
The invention described in claim 7 is characterized in that the generator is a micro gas turbine.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an effective utilization system for manure and an effective utilization system for business-type fresh products according to embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the first and second embodiments of the present invention, waste and waste liquid such as manure generated from a barn are efficiently processed in an effective utilization system of a manure mixing treatment type and a manure separation treatment type, and the processing system is reduced in size and simplified. And lower costs (and lower running costs) were studied.
[0019]
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a feces and urine mixed processing type feces and urine effective utilization system according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, waste containing manure and the like generated from the barn 11 is supplied to a stirring storage tank 12 by a pipe, a tire loader, etc. (not shown) and mixed and stirred. Next, the mixed agitation is supplied to a squeezing machine (solid-liquid separator) 13 through a pipe, an input conveyor, etc., not shown, and separated into a solid (including impurities that do not contribute to fermentation) and a squeezed liquid. To do. The separated solids (hereinafter referred to as separated solids) are supplied to the composting facility 14 to obtain compost by, for example, BSC-type composting, or supplied to the carbonization furnace 15 and carbonized for soil improvement. And activated carbon can be obtained. The carbonization furnace 15 may be driven using methane gas in a gas holder 17 described later.
[0020]
The code | symbol 16 shows a fermenter, introduce | transducing said squeezed liquid via the pump, piping, etc. which are not shown in figure, circulating the warm water from the generator mentioned later, the temperature in the fermenter 16 is set, for example. A methane fermentation treatment (for example, treatment for about 20 days) is performed while maintaining the temperature at 36 ° C. (temperature corresponding to the facultative anaerobic bacteria and the absolute anaerobic bacteria in the fermenter 16) to generate methane gas.
[0021]
In addition, as a means to circulate warm water to the said fermenter 16, the coiled piping (illustration omitted) is provided in the fermenter 16, for example, and the piping is used as a heating apparatus. By circulating hot water through the piping of the heating device, the inside of the fermenter 16 can be kept at a predetermined temperature.
[0022]
By introducing the juice into the fermenter 16 as described above, sludge accumulation in the fermenter 16, generation of scum, and blockage of pumps and piping can be prevented. Moreover, since the said juice is high in organic substance density | concentration and has fluidity | liquidity, it is not necessary to use dilution water, and the volume of the fermenter 16 can be made comparatively small. Furthermore, a small amount of hot water circulated in the fermenter 16 is sufficient.
[0023]
The methane gas is stored in the gas holder 18 after removing moisture and removing hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) by the desulfurizer 17. The digested liquid remaining in the fermenter 16 is supplied to the composting facility 14. Reference numeral 19 denotes a generator (for example, a micro gas turbine of 300 kW or less), and hot water and electric power are obtained by driving the methane gas in the gas holder 17 as fuel. The warm water is circulated through, for example, a heating device (not shown) provided in the fermenter 16. The electric power can be used, for example, as power energy for each facility (pump or the like) in the entire processing system.
[0024]
In addition, since the volume of the fermenter 16 can be made relatively small and the warm water circulated in the fermenter 16 can be made small, for example, a 30 kW class micro gas turbine is sufficient as the generator, and the processing system can be downsized. Can be planned.
[0025]
When the generator 19 is driven, high-temperature (for example, 200 to 300 ° C.) exhaust gas is generated. By supplying this exhaust gas as warm air into the composting facility 14 (the adjustment tank 21 and the stirring fermentation tank 22 described later), air is supplied to the digestive juice without using a heating device or a blower. At the same time, the digested liquid can be heated to remove water by evaporation. The exhaust gas supplied into the composting facility 14 is supplied using a blower or a compressor as necessary in consideration of the exhaust gas pressure.
[0026]
(Example of composting facility 14)
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram of the composting facility 14. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing similar to what is shown in FIG. 1, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted. In FIG. 2, the code | symbol 21 shows an adjustment tank, The digestive liquid from the fermenter 15 is thrown into the adjustment tank 21, and it retains, forcing aeration with the exhaust gas from the generator 19 (for example, four days). By doing so, the digestive fluid is adjusted to an aerobic condition (air is present, and an aerobic microorganism that likes the air is likely to be active (oxidation-reduction potential ORP; 50 to 100 mV)).
[0027]
The code | symbol 22 shows the stirring fermenter provided with the stirring apparatus (for example, rotary stirring apparatus) and a floor surface aeration pipe | tube, throws the isolation | separation solid substance from the juicer 13 with respect to the stirring fermenter 22, It adjusts using a moisture adjusting material (for example, rice husk) so that the apparent water | moisture content in the isolation | separation solid substance may be 60%. Thereafter, the digestive liquid in the adjustment tank 21 is quantitatively transferred to the stirred fermentation tank 22.
[0028]
Then, the inside of the agitated fermenter 22 is agitated to infiltrate the air, and the exhaust gas from the generator 19 is aerated through the floor surface diffuser to perform primary fermentation by biochemical action of facultative aerobic microorganisms ( Oxidation / fermentation is advanced. Due to the primary fermentation, the temperature in the stirred fermenter 22 rises to 65 to 75 ° C. at the time of rising. Then, the temperature in the stirring fermenter 22 falls to about room temperature (normal temperature) by the transition from the high temperature bacterium to the mesophilic bacterium in the microorganism, and the primary fermentation is completed.
[0029]
Next, the fermented product that has undergone the primary fermentation is transported to one of a plurality (for example, four) of post-ripening tanks 23 to 23, and sequentially moved to another post-ripening tank 23, for example, every week. By making secondary fermentation (complete ripening) while making it, compost and ripened compost can be obtained.
[0030]
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a feces and urine separation processing type feces and urine effective utilization system according to the second embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the thing similar to what is shown in FIG. 1, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0031]
In FIG. 3, waste (solid) containing feces and the like generated from the barn 11 is supplied to the agitation storage tank 12 by a pipe, a tire loader, etc. (not shown). Waste liquid containing urine (and sewage) generated from the barn 11 is stored in the urine / sewage storage tank 31. A part of the stored waste liquid is supplied to the agitation storage tank 12 through an underwater pump or the like and used as dilution water for the waste. The remaining waste liquid is supplied to the composting facility 14 through an underwater pump or the like and used as compost. In this way, by using part of the waste liquid (urine and sewage) generated from the barn 11 as dilution water, the waste such as feces is diluted and fluidity is imparted without using tap water or well water. Can do.
[0032]
And like this 1st Embodiment, wastes (including the waste liquid used as dilution water) diluted with the said stirring storage tank 12 to the squeeze machine (solid-liquid separator) 13 are used. Supply and obtain a separated solid and juice. The separated solid matter is supplied to the composting facility 14 or the carbonization furnace 15 to obtain compost or a soil improvement material and activated carbon. The juice is fermented in the fermenter 16 and the generator 19 is driven by the generated methane gas to obtain hot water, electric power, and hot air (exhaust gas). The digestive liquid remaining in the fermenter 16 is supplied to the composting facility 14.
[0033]
Although the present invention has been described in detail only for the specific examples described above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Such variations and modifications are naturally within the scope of the claims.
[0034]
For example, manure is operated by operating each facility shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 using a desired control device (for example, an agitation storage tank, a juicer, a fermenter, a generator, a composting facility, a pump, a pipe, etc.). The effective use system can be operated automatically. In a composting facility, not only heating using exhaust gas but also a composting facility may be covered with a greenhouse and heated by sunlight.
[0035]
Further, if the generator and the gas holder are not affected by hydrogen sulfide, the desulfurization apparatus may not be used, and the manure processing system can be further downsized. Furthermore, you may utilize the digestive liquid produced from a fermenter as liquid fertilizer like the past. Furthermore, in the first and second embodiments, the hot water obtained by the generator is circulated in the fermenter (heating device), but is directly supplied into the fermenter according to the organic matter concentration of the juice. You may do it.
[0036]
Note that the effective use system of the present invention is not limited to waste such as manure from a barn or waste liquid, but also when applied to the processing of fresh products such as vegetables and leftovers discharged from business systems. The operation and effects shown in the first and second embodiments can be obtained.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently utilize waste and waste liquid containing manure produced from a barn without causing malodor or wastewater, and to perform fermentation treatment and composting treatment. Can be downsized, simplified, and reduced in cost.
[0038]
Therefore, it is possible to protect the natural environment in the future, and it is possible to generate clean and infinite energy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of an effective use system for excreta in a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a composting facility 14;
FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a feces and urine effective use system according to the second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Livestock house 12 ... Stirring storage tank 13 ... Juice machine 14 ... Composting facility 15 ... Carbonization furnace 16 ... Fermenter 17 ... Desulfurization device 18 ... Gas holder 19 ... Generator 21 ... Adjustment tank 22 ... Stirring fermenter 31 ... Urine・ Sewage storage tank

Claims (7)

The waste containing manure from the barn is separated into squeezed liquid and separated solids with a squeezer, and the squeezed liquid is introduced into a fermentor and converted into flammable gas. Composting with carbonization or digester of the fermenter,
A feces and urine effective utilization system, wherein a generator is driven by the combustible gas to obtain electric power and hot water, a processing system is operated by the electric power, and the hot water is circulated or supplied to the fermenter. Supply the waste containing feces from the barn to the stirred storage tank,
2. The effective use of manure according to claim 1, wherein a part of the waste liquid containing urine generated from the barn is supplied to the stirring storage tank and stirred together with the waste, and the remaining waste liquid is composted. system. 3. An effective use system for manure according to claim 1, wherein exhaust gas generated from the generator is used for composting. 4. The feces and urine effective utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the generator is a micro gas turbine. The fresh product discharged from the business system is separated into squeezed liquid and separated solids by a squeezing machine, and the squeezed liquid is introduced into a fermenter and converted into flammable gas, and the separated solids are carbonized. Treated or composted with the digestion fluid of the fermentation layer,
Efficient use of business-type fresh products, characterized in that a generator is driven by the combustible gas to obtain electric power and hot water, a processing system is operated by the electric power, and the hot water is circulated or supplied to the fermenter. system. 6. The system for effectively using business-type fresh products according to claim 5, wherein the exhaust gas generated from the generator is used for composting. 7. The system for effectively using business fresh produce according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the generator is a micro gas turbine.

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