JP3722664B2 - Transporter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transport vehicle such as a distribution vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a wheel arrangement structure of a distribution vehicle used for distributing meals in hospitals, etc., a free wheel whose direction is variable around the vertical axis at both front and rear ends along the traveling direction is advanced to an intermediate position between both free wheels. Generally, a structure in which fixed rings whose directions are fixed in a direction along the direction is provided is employed. Such a wheel arrangement structure is excellent in that it is excellent in stability when the arrangement vehicle moves linearly in a corridor or the like, cornering properties when turning a corner, and is capable of rotating motion around the center of the vehicle body It has been evaluated.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
On the other hand, when handling a layout car, the side with the entrance of the layout car is attached to the wall, or when the layout cars are arranged side by side, the so-called width-shifting is performed. You may want to However, since the conventional type has a fixed ring whose direction is fixed in the direction along the traveling direction, it cannot suddenly move in parallel. There was a problem that it was not possible and was troublesome.
The present invention has been completed based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a transport vehicle that can easily perform a width-shifting operation and can also reliably perform a stopping operation.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a means for achieving the above object, the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that a universal ring whose direction is variable around the vertical axis is provided at both front and rear ends along the traveling direction at the bottom of the transport vehicle body. In the transport vehicle in which fixed wheels whose directions are fixed in a direction along the traveling direction are arranged at positions between the fixed wheels and either of the front and rear universal wheels are directly attached to the bottom of the main body. At the bottom of the main body, a base end of an arm extending in the traveling direction is pivotally supported, and a floating member is provided at the extended end of the arm. A free wheel is attached, and a levitating jack is provided between the levitating member and the bottom of the main body so that the rod extends in the vertical direction by a pedaling operation of the pedal, and the levitating member Also on the bottom Having characterized in that another jack for stopping the rod is extended in the vertical direction is provided by the treading operation of Le.
The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, the pedal pressure portions of the pedals of the two jacks face together on a predetermined edge of the bottom of the main body.
[0005]
[Action and effect of the invention]
<Invention of Claim 1>
When the pedal of the jack for levitation is stepped on, the rod extends and is pressed against the levitation member attached with the free wheel, and since this free wheel rests on the running surface, the main body is pushed up while the arm swings, A fixed wheel attached to the bottom of the main body rises from the running surface. For this reason, if a pressing force or the like is applied to the transport vehicle in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, the transport vehicle can be translated as it is while the front and rear free wheels change direction. On the other hand, when the pedal of the jack for stoppage is depressed, the rod is extended to form a connection between the levitation member and the traveling surface, and the transport vehicle is held in a stopped state.
In both the normal movement state and the parallel movement state, the levitation member has a free wheel provided on the traveling surface and is always at a fixed position from the traveling surface. Since the jack is provided, the jack for stopping can be reliably used and held in the stopped state regardless of the normal moving state or the parallel moving state.
<Invention of Claim 2>
Both the ascent and stop jack pedal operations can be performed at predetermined locations on the main body, and can be operated efficiently.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a layout vehicle will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the overall structure of the distribution vehicle will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a storage room main body 10 (hereinafter simply referred to as a main body) comprising a rectangular heat insulating box body whose front and back surfaces are open is provided. As will be described later in detail, wheels 15 and 16 for movement are equipped at the bottom.
Inside the main body 10, a warm room 12 and a cold room 13 are formed on both the left and right sides of the heat insulating partition wall 11, and two sets of left and right are formed, and the hot food and the cold food are placed separately. A tray 14 that can be used is capable of being accommodated across the chambers 12 and 13 while penetrating the partition wall 11. This wheelchair is basically moved along the length direction by being pulled or pushed by a handle provided on one side surface of the main body 10 in the length direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1). It has become so. In the following, the end side (left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) where jacks 41 and 41A to be described later will be described in detail as the front end side.
[0007]
Next, the structure on the bottom side of the main body 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of left and right universal wheels 15 </ b> F and 15 </ b> R are provided at the front and rear ends, and a pair of left and right fixed wheels 16 are provided at an intermediate position on the bottom of the main body 10.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, square cylindrical bearing brackets 19 having a rectangular cross section extending in the front-rear direction are attached to the left and right side edges of the intermediate position in the front-rear direction of the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10. In each bearing bracket 19, a fixed ring 16 is supported with respect to a shaft 20 passed between the left and right side plates. Both the fixed wheels 16 are rotatable about the shaft 20, while the direction is fixed in the direction along the traveling direction.
[0008]
A mounting bracket 22 is provided across the width direction on the rear end side (right side in FIG. 2) of the bottom plate 18, and the rear universal wheel 15 </ b> R is attached to the left and right ends of the mounting bracket 22. The rear universal wheel 15R is rotatably supported by the shaft 24 with respect to the movable bearing body 23 that can rotate about the longitudinal axis 23A, and the position where the rear universal wheel 15R is in contact with the running surface X of the rear universal wheel 15R is the movable bearing body 23. It is eccentric from the vertical axis 23A, and the rear universal wheel 15R can change its direction as the movable bearing body 23 rotates about the vertical axis 23A.
[0009]
As shown in FIG. 4, the arm 25 is provided to extend to the front end side of the bottom plate 18 from the intermediate position in the length direction of the mounting bracket 22 to which the above-described rear universal wheel 15R is attached. The mounting bracket 22 is provided with a pair of left and right bearing bodies 26, and a base end of the arm 25 is swingably supported by a shaft 27 passed between the both bearing bodies 26.
A floating member 30 is fixed to the extension end side of the arm 25. As shown in FIG. 5, the levitation member 30 is formed in a shallow dish shape as a whole, and has a width that is slightly shorter than the width of the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10. A pair of front universal wheels 15F is attached to the left and right ends of the lower surface of the levitation member 30 as with the rear side. The front universal wheel 15F is also rotatably supported by the shaft 24 with respect to the movable bearing body 23 rotatable about the longitudinal axis 23A, and the position where the front universal wheel 15F is in contact with the traveling surface X of the front universal wheel 15F is the movable bearing body 23. It is decentered from the vertical axis 23A, and changes its direction as the movable bearing body 23 rotates about the vertical axis 23A.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 5, receiving portions 31 that receive the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10 project from the left and right ends of the upper surface of the levitation member 30, and the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10 is received by the receiving portions 31. Thus, the main body 10 can take a horizontal posture with respect to the running surface X.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, two insertion rods 33 are provided side by side on the left and right ends of the front end side of the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10 as shown in FIG. The insertion bar 33 is attached in a hanging manner by being screwed into a nut 34 fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 18 as shown in FIGS. It has been. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, a long hole 35 through which the insertion rod 33 is inserted is opened at a corresponding position on the front end side of the levitation member 30. The long hole 35 has a long shape in the front-rear direction in order to allow the insertion rod 33 to relatively move in the front-rear direction when the main body 10 is lifted as will be described later.
[0011]
A spring seat 37 having a U-shape is fastened together around each insertion rod 33 on the lower surface of the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10, and a compression coil is formed around the insertion rod 33 as shown in FIG. The spring 38 is fitted, the upper end side is fitted to the outside of the spring seat 37, and the lower end is applied to the upper surface of the levitation member 30, and the bottom plate 18 and the levitation member 30 are separated by the spring force. A direction biasing force is applied. Further, a connecting plate 39 is passed and screwed between the protruding ends of the left and right adjacent insertion rods 33 toward the lower surface side of the floating member 30 as shown in FIG.
[0012]
In this embodiment, the compression coil spring 38 is mounted only around the outer insertion rod 33 on the left and right.
As shown in FIG. 5, a window hole 28 is opened at a position near the right side as viewed from the front in the above-described levitation member 30, and a receiving member 29 is attached to the lower surface side of the window hole 28. . The receiving member 29 is formed in a box shape having an opening 29A on the front surface. On the other hand, a floating first jack 41 is attached to a position corresponding to the upper side of the window hole 28 in the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10, and the lower end side of the first jack 41 is inserted into the receiving member 29 through the window hole 28. Has been.
[0013]
The first jack 41 has a structure shown in FIGS. A rectangular mounting plate 43 is provided on the upper surface of the cylindrical main body 42, and a rod 44 provided with a pressing plate 45 at the tip is fitted on the lower end side so as to be able to advance and retreat. The rod 44 is always urged to move in the backward direction by a spring elasticity (not shown), and the support shaft 46 provided in a penetrating manner in the middle of the rod 44 hits the lower edge of the cylindrical main body 42 to move backward. Has been stopped.
[0014]
The jack 41 is provided with a stepping pressure pedal 48 and a release pedal 54. The stepping pedal 48 is formed by connecting one end side of a pair of levers 49 formed in a square shape with a stepping pressure part 50. Both the levers 49 are arranged so as to sandwich the rod 44, and the bent part of the lever 49 has the above-mentioned support. The shaft 46 is rotatably supported. A short link 51 is passed between the other end of both levers 49 and the lower surface of the mounting plate 43 and is connected by pins 52 and 53.
The lever 49, the link 51, and the like constitute a crank / slide mechanism which is a kind of the link mechanism A. A stopper plate 59 (see FIG. 10) is passed to the connection end side of both links 51 with the lever 49. When the rod 44 is in the retracted position, as shown in FIG. 9, the stepping pressure portion 50 of the lever 49 is inclined obliquely upward, and the other end side of the lever 49 and the link 51 are connected to each other. It is set to take a square-shaped posture protruding backward (right side in FIG. 9).
[0015]
One release pedal 54 is slightly smaller than the stepping pressure pedal 48 and is generally disposed inside the stepping pressure pedal 48. The release pedal 54 is formed by connecting one end side of a pair of short levers 55 that are also formed in a square shape with a stepping pressure portion 56, and the bent portion of the lever 55 has a clearance with respect to the support shaft 46. It is penetrated and supported so that rotation is possible. A fulcrum pin 57 is passed between the other ends of both levers 55. Further, a connecting pin 58 is passed to a position slightly closer to the other end side than the pivot support position of the levers 49 of the pedal pressure pedal 48 described above. The connecting pin 58 is connected to the levers 55 of the release pedal 54. It penetrates a position slightly closer to the other end side than the shaft support position with a clearance. When the rod 44 is in the retracted position, as shown in FIG. 9, the levers 55 are positioned so that both ends of the lever 55 face obliquely upward so as to substantially overlap the stepping pressure pedal 48.
[0016]
The jack 41 is used with the upper end mounting plate 43 fixed, and when the stepping pressure part 50 of the stepping pressure pedal 48 is depressed from the state in which the rod 44 in FIG. 9 is retracted, a link mechanism constituted by a lever 49, a link 51 and the like. As a result, the link 51 is rotated clockwise about the pin 53, and the lever 49 is rotated counterclockwise about the support shaft 46 while the support shaft 46 is lowered. Advances forward.
[0017]
When the other end of the lever 49 and the link 51 exceed the thought point where they are aligned in a straight line, and the pedal pressure pedal 48 is further depressed to the position shown in FIG. 10, the connecting portion between the other end of the lever 49 and the link 51 is reversed. The spring force that bends the rod 44 and reversely biases the rod 44 acts to further bend the connecting portion while rotating the lever 49 counterclockwise, but the link 51 is connected to the lever 49. The stopper plate 59 provided on the end side comes into contact with the peripheral surface of the cylindrical main body 42, so that further rotation of the lever 49 is restricted, the treading pressure pedal 48 is locked in the depressed position shown in FIG. 44 is also locked in the forward position.
The release pedal 54 is slightly rotated counterclockwise, and the fulcrum pin 57 is in contact with the peripheral surface of the cylindrical main body 42. The stepping pressure portion 56 protrudes above the lever 49 of the stepping pressure pedal 48.
[0018]
On the other hand, when the stepping pressure portion 56 of the release pedal 54 is depressed from the state shown in FIG. 10, the lever 55 of the release pedal 54 rotates in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 10 about the fulcrum pin 57 that contacts the cylindrical main body 42. Accordingly, the lever 49 of the stepping pressure pedal 48 is rotated clockwise through the connecting pin 58. As a result, the lever 49 and the link 51 cross the thought point from the opposite direction, and the lock at the depression position of the stepping pressure pedal 48 and the lock at the forward movement position of the rod 44 are released.
Then, due to the spring force for backwardly biasing the rod 44, the link 51 rotates counterclockwise around the pin 53, and the lever 49 rotates clockwise around the support shaft 46, while the rod 44 rotates. Retreating upward, the support shaft 46 stops at the original position when it hits the lower edge of the cylindrical main body 42.
[0019]
For the attachment of the first jack 41 as described above, a mounting portion 61 protrudes from the bottom surface of the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10 of the distribution vehicle as shown in FIG. A mounting plate 43 of the jack 41 is mounted in a suspended state and faces the receiving member 29 from the window hole 28 of the levitation member 30. The pressing plate 45 at the lower end of the rod 44 faces just above the bottom plate of the receiving member 29, and the treading pressure portions 50, 56 of both pedals 48, 54 protrude forward through the opening 29A.
[0020]
A second jack 41 </ b> A for stopping the main body 10 is attached to the side of the mounting position of the receiving member 29 on the lower surface of the levitation member 30. The second jack 41A has the same structure as the first jack 41 for levitation described above.
For attachment of the second jack 41A, as shown in FIG. 4, an attachment portion 61A is provided on the lower surface of the levitation member 30 so as to protrude downward, and the attachment plate 43 of the second jack 41A is provided on the attachment portion 61A. Is mounted in a suspended state. When the rod 44 is in the retracted position, the pressing plate 45 at the lower end is lifted from the traveling surface X, and when the rod 44 is extended to the advanced position, the pressing plate 45 is pressed against the traveling surface X.
[0021]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the receiving member 29 that houses the first jack 41 is configured to cover the upper end of the opening 29A on the front surface thereof, thereby restricting the operator's feet from entering the back more than necessary. A restricting plate 63 is stretched, and a similar restricting plate 63A is also stretched at the equipment position of the second jack 41A. On the first jack 41 side, as shown in FIG. 6, a T-shaped regulating plate 64 is provided below the regulating plate 63 so as to penetrate the release pedal 54 and the stepping pedal 48 in the vertical direction. It is restricted that the foot enters between the pedals 54 and 48 more than necessary.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, lateral displacement restricting plates 65 capable of sandwiching the left and right side surfaces of the levitation member 30 project from the left and right side edges on the front end side of the bottom surface of the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10. . Here, it is desirable that the lateral displacement regulating plate 65 has a height dimension that is always in a clamping state within a range in which the floating member 30 is moved up and down relatively as described later. It is desirable that the sliding contact surface with the regulating plate 65 is subjected to a surface treatment that reduces the frictional resistance.
[0022]
The present embodiment has the structure as described above, and the operation thereof will be described subsequently.
In a state where both the jacks 41 and 41A are unlocked, the front and rear free wheels 15F and 15R and the fixed wheel 16 therebetween are on the running surface X as shown in FIG. By pulling or pushing the handle provided on the front end surface, the trolley can be driven straight and stably, and when turning corners, the free wheels 15F and 15R change smoothly while turning. In the case where the front and back (left and right) surfaces provided with the entrance / exit 10A of the distribution vehicle are reversed, the center of the main body 10 can be rotated as an axis.
[0023]
On the other hand, when attaching the front and back surfaces provided with the entrance / exit 10A of the arrangement car to the wall or arranging the arrangement cars side by side, the arrangement car is translated in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, so-called width adjustment. As follows.
When the stepping pressure pedal 48 of the first jack 41 for levitation is stepped on as shown in FIG. 12, the rod 44 extends and the pressing plate 45 at the lower end thereof is pressed against the bottom surface of the receiving member 29 provided on the levitation member 30. . Here, since the front universal wheel 15F is placed on the running surface X, the levitation member 30 cannot be lowered, so that an upward force acts on the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10 with the extension of the rod 44, and the arm 25 is moved. The front end side of the main body 10 is lifted while relatively swinging around the shaft 27. Note that when the pedal pressure pedal 48 is depressed to a predetermined position, the rod 44 is locked in the extended state. Further, since the lifting of the main body 10 is assisted by the elasticity of the compression coil spring 38 interposed between the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10 and the levitation member 30, the stepping pressure of the stepping pressure pedal 48 in the first jack 41 is compared. Small enough.
[0024]
When the front end side of the main body 10 is lifted as described above, the fixed wheel 16 is lifted from the traveling surface X while the front and rear universal wheels 15F and 15R are in contact with the traveling surface X. Therefore, when the main body 10 is pressed from the side orthogonal to the length direction, the front and rear free wheels 15F and 15R change the direction around the vertical axis 23A in the same direction, and the laying wheel is translated as it is.
To release the parallel movement mode, when the release pedal 54 of the first jack 41 is depressed, the lock is released and the rod 44 contracts. As a result, there is no connection between the bottom plate 18 of the main body 10 and the levitation member 30, so that the front end side of the main body 10 sinks due to its own weight while the arm 25 is swung in the opposite direction, and the fixed wheel 16 travels. The main body 10 takes a normal horizontal posture by hitting the surface X. When the main body 10 sinks, the compression coil spring 38 functions as a cushioning material, and the main body 10 descends smoothly without receiving an impact.
[0025]
Regardless of whether or not the main body 10 is floating, when the stepping pressure pedal 48 of the second jack 41A for stopping is depressed, the rod 44 extends and the lower end pressing plate 45 is pressed against the running surface X. Since the levitation member 30 and the running surface X can be connected to each other, the arrangement vehicle can be held in a stopped state.
When the release pedal 54 of the second jack 41A is depressed, the lock is released, the rod 44 contracts, and the pressing plate 45 escapes above the running surface X and is no longer stuck, so the stop position is released.
[0026]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, after the fixed wheel 16 is lifted by stepping on the stepping pressure pedal 48 of the first jack 41 for levitation, the distribution vehicle can be easily operated by pushing the distribution vehicle from the side. Can be widened. On the other hand, when the stepping pressure pedal 48 of the second jack 41A for stopping is stepped on, the rod 44 expands to form a connection between the levitation member 30 and the running surface X, and the distribution vehicle is held in a stopped state.
In both of the normal movement state in which the main body 10 is sunk and the parallel movement state in which the main body 10 is pushed up, the levitation member 30 has the front free wheel 15F provided on the traveling surface X so that it can be removed from the traveling surface X. Since the second jack 41A for stopping is provided on the lower surface of the levitation member 30, it is always at a fixed position. Therefore, regardless of whether it is in the normal moving state or the parallel moving state, The second jack 41A can be reliably utilized and held in a stopped state.
Further, since the stepping pressure pedals 48 and the like of the jacks 41, 41A for floating and stopping are arranged side by side on the front surface side where the handle is provided, the operator can perform each moving operation and stopping operation at a predetermined position. It can be concentrated and can be operated efficiently.
[0027]
<Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the above description and drawings. For example, the following embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention, and further, within the scope not departing from the gist of the invention other than the following. Various modifications can be made.
(1) The present invention can be widely applied not only to a trolley car but also to all transport vehicles provided with moving wheels.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a distribution vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a bottom structure of a main body. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a bottom plate before an arm unit is attached. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the levitation member. FIG. 6 is a perspective view seen from the front in a state where the bottom of the main body is lifted. FIG. 7 is a front end side of the state where the bottom of the main body is lowered to the original position. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the jack. FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway side view before the rod is extended. FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway side view after the rod is extended. [Fig. 12] Side view of the bottom of the main body in the parallel movement state [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Storage chamber main body 15F, 15R ... Swivel wheel 16 ... Fixed wheel 18 ... Bottom plate 19 ... Bearing bracket 22 ... Mounting bracket 23 ... Movable bearing body 23A ... Vertical axis 25 ... Arm 27 ... Shaft 30 ... Floating member 41 ... 1st Jack 41A ... 2nd jack 44 ... Rod 48 ... Stepping pressure pedal 50 ... Stepping pressure part 54 ... Release pedal 56 ... Stepping pressure part X ... Running surface

Claims (2)

The free wheel whose direction is variable around the vertical axis is fixed to the front and rear ends along the traveling direction at the bottom of the transport vehicle body, and the direction is fixed in the direction along the traveling direction at a position between these two free wheels. In transport vehicles with fixed wheels,
The fixed ring and either the front or rear universal ring are directly attached to the bottom of the main body, and the base end of the arm extending along the traveling direction is pivotally supported by the main body bottom so as to be swingable. A floating member is provided at the extended end of the arm, and the other free wheel is attached to the floating member, and the rod is moved up and down by the pedaling operation of the pedal between the floating member and the bottom of the main body. A lifting jack extending in the direction is interposed, and another stopping jack is provided on the lower surface of the floating member, the rod extending in the vertical direction by the pedal pressing operation. A featured transport vehicle.   The transport vehicle according to claim 1, wherein pedal pressure portions of the pedals in both the jacks are aligned on a predetermined edge side of the bottom of the main body.

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