JP3724482B2

JP3724482B2 - Water heater

Info

Publication number: JP3724482B2
Application number: JP2003048911A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 昌宏尾浜; 竹司渡辺; 吉継西山; 誠一安木; 啓次郎國本; 浩二岡; 哲英倉本
Original assignee: Panasonic Corp; Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Corp; Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 2003-02-26
Filing date: 2003-02-26
Publication date: 2005-12-07
Anticipated expiration: 2023-02-26
Also published as: JP2004257650A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は放熱手段を備える貯湯式の給湯機に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の給湯機は貯湯槽の温水を利用した浴槽の追い焚き機能を持ったものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
図６は、前記公報に記載された従来の給湯機を示すものである。同図において、給湯加熱手段としてのヒートポンプユニットは、圧縮機１、給湯熱交換器２、大気熱交換器３などが順次接続されて構成される。そして、貯湯槽４から循環ポンプ５で送られてきた水は前記給湯熱交換器２で冷媒熱により加熱されて貯湯槽４の上から貯湯される（給湯加熱運転）。さらに、利用側循環ポンプ６によって送られてきた浴槽７の湯と、熱源側循環ポンプ８によって送られてきた貯湯槽４の上部の湯とが、放熱手段用熱交換器９で熱交換して風呂追い焚きするものである。ところで、この図６の場合は風呂追い焚きをする場合であるが、貯湯槽４の温水を熱源として暖房（例えば床暖房）を行う場合には、図７に示すような構成が考えられる。つまり、図６の浴槽７の代わりに暖房手段１０を接続した構成である。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−２４３２７４号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
給湯負荷はある程度予測できるので貯湯式の給湯機でも湯切れすることは少なし、逆に、予測される給湯負荷（家族の人数など）に対して、給湯能力が満足するように貯湯槽の大きさを選択して設置することが一般的である。一方、暖房負荷はその予測が難しい。一日のうち何時間使用されるかわからないが、機器としては最大の暖房負荷に対しても満足する必要がある。
【０００６】
しかしながら、上記のような構成では、例えば、朝早くから暖房が続いたときで、最大の給湯負荷である浴槽７への湯張りがあると貯湯槽４に貯湯された熱量が不足して、湯切れする場合がある。これを防ぐために、浴槽７への湯張りが開始されてから、上記給湯加熱運転を行っても給湯負荷に対して、給湯加熱能力が追いつかず、結局湯切れを起こす場合があるという課題を有している。湯切れを起こさない方法として、貯湯槽４の大きさを最大暖房負荷に合わせて大きくしても良いが、貯湯槽４の大きさがあまりにも大きくなりすぎ、広い設置スペースが必要であったり、機器コストが高くなるという課題を有している。
【０００７】
本発明は上記課題を解決するもので、長時間の暖房が続いた場合でも湯切れが少ない給湯機を提供することを目的とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明の給湯機は、前記放熱手段を用いて熱媒体を放熱する間に前記貯湯槽の残湯量が予め設定された所定残湯量以下となった場合、給湯加熱運転を行い、制御手段は、放熱手段用熱交換器の水側入口水温と水側出口水温との差に放熱手段用熱交換器を流れる水側流量を積算した値よりも給湯熱交換器の水側出口水温と前記放熱手段用熱交換器の水側出口水温との差に前記給湯熱交換器を流れる水側流量を積算した値の方が大きくなるように圧縮機の回転数を制御するものである。
【０００９】
これによって、長時間の暖房が続いた場合でも湯切れの起こることを少なくすることができる。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は各請求項に記載の形態で実施できるものであり、温水を貯湯する貯湯槽と、圧縮機と給湯熱交換器とを備えるヒートポンプサイクルと、給湯熱交換器を介して貯湯槽の下部から給水される水を加熱して貯湯槽の上部へ戻す給湯加熱運転を行う経路と、熱媒体が放熱手段用熱交換器及び放熱手段を循環する経路と、前記給湯運転を行う経路とは別に前記貯湯槽の上部から取り出した温水を前記熱交換器を介して前記貯湯槽へ戻す経路と、圧縮機の回転数を制御する制御手段とを備え、放熱手段を用いて熱媒体を放熱する間に貯湯槽の残湯量が予め設定された所定残湯量以下となった場合、給湯加熱運転を行い、制御手段は、放熱手段用熱交換器の水側入口水温と水側出口水温との差に放熱手段用熱交換器を流れる水側流量を積算した値よりも給湯熱交換器の水側出口水温と前記放熱手段用熱交換器の水側出口水温との差に前記給湯熱交換器を流れる水側流量を積算した値の方が大きくなるように圧縮機の回転数を制御するため、長時間の暖房が続いた場合でも湯切れの起
こることを少なくすることができる。
【００１１】
また、ヒートポンプに封入する冷媒を二酸化炭素としているので、高温高効率化と地球環境保全をはかるができる。
【００１２】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を用いて説明する。図１は本発明の給湯機の構成図、図２は同給湯機の有効保有熱量の説明図、図３は同給湯機の沸き上げ温度に対する運転効率と有効熱量の関係を説明する説明図、図４は同給湯機の第１の他の実施例の構成図、図５は同給湯機の第２の他の実施例の構成図である。
【００１３】
図１において、１１は給湯加熱手段であり、圧縮機１、給湯熱交換器２、減圧装置１２、大気熱を吸熱する大気熱交換器３からなるヒートポンプサイクルを構成したヒートポンプ熱源である。そして、高圧側の冷媒圧力が臨界圧力以上となる二酸化炭素を冷媒とする。４は貯湯槽であり、下部から給水管４ａを通って給水し、上部の出湯管４ｂから端末へ出湯する。そして、貯湯槽４の下部から循環ポンプ５，給湯熱交換器２，貯湯槽４の上部を順次接続する給湯回路を構成することによって、貯湯槽４から循環ポンプ５で送られてきた水は給湯熱交換器２で冷媒熱により加熱されて貯湯槽４の上から貯湯される。１３は加熱用出口水温検出手段であり、ヒートポンプ熱源で加熱する湯温を検出するため給湯熱交換器２の出口に設けられている。１４は湯水制御手段であり、給湯熱交換器２の出口湯水が所定温度にとなるように循環ポンプ５の回転数を制御して給湯回路の循環流量を制御する。１５は放熱手段となる、例えば床暖房機であり、貯湯槽４の上部の温水が循環して暖房する。つまり、利用側循環ポンプ６によって送られてきた放熱手段１５の熱媒体と、熱源側循環ポンプ８によって送られてきた貯湯槽４の上部の湯とが、放熱手段用熱交換器９で熱交換して暖房するものである。放熱手段１５の他の例としては、浴槽の加熱熱源機としてもよい。このように本発明において、放熱手段１５は暖房機能や風呂追い焚き機能、或いは床暖房機能などを付加することができ、給湯機能も含めていわゆる多機能給湯機としての機能を有する。
【００１４】
また、本実施例では放熱手段１５に対する有効加熱量を検出する有効加熱能力検出手段１６として、給湯熱交換器２の出口に設けた加熱用出口水温検出手段１３と給湯熱交換器２を循環する水の循環量を検出する加熱用流量検出手段１７と放熱手段用熱交換器９の出口に設けた熱源側出口水温検出手段２０とを備えている。また、放熱量を検出する放熱能力検出手段１８として、貯湯槽４の温水と放熱手段１５の熱媒体とが熱交換する放熱手段用熱交換器９の熱源側入口と出口に設けた熱源側入口水温検出手段１９と熱源側出口水温検出手段２０と放熱手段用熱交換器９の熱源側を循環する温水の循環量を検出する熱源側流量検出手段２１とを備えている。さらに制御手段２２は、周波数制御手段２３に対して圧縮機１の目標回転数を設定することによって能力を制御し、また、湯水制御手段１４に対して給湯熱交換器２の出口水温の目標温度を設定することによって沸き上げ温度が所定の温度になるように制御する。また、貯湯槽４の表面には貯湯槽４の温度を検出する残湯温度検出手段２４が設けられている。
【００１５】
以上のように構成された多機能給湯機について、以下にその動作、作用を説明する。図１において、ヒートポンプ熱源で大気熱を利用して給湯加熱運転する場合について説明する。圧縮機１から吐出する臨界圧力以上の高温高圧の冷媒が給湯熱交換器２に流入し、ここで貯湯槽４の下部から送られてきた水と給湯熱交換器２を介して熱交換する。そして、給湯熱交換器２に流入する高温冷媒で給湯熱交換器２の出口湯水が所定温度となるように循環ポンプ５の回転数を制御し、所定の温度の湯が貯湯槽４の上部から流入し貯湯される。次に、放熱手段１５を使用する場合（例えば床暖房）について説明する。放熱手段１５で放熱し低温になり利用側循環ポンプ６によって送られてきた熱媒体は、熱源側循環ポンプ８によって送られてきた貯湯槽４上部の高温の湯と、放熱手段用熱交換器９で熱交換して放熱手段１５に戻る。一方、熱源側循環ポンプ８によって送られてきた貯湯槽４上部の高温の湯は低温となって貯湯槽４に戻る。なお、放熱手段１５を循環する熱媒体としては不凍液や水がある。
【００１６】
貯湯槽４に貯湯した湯水で給湯負荷と暖房負荷とをまかなう時、湯切れの危険性が最も大きい場合は、通常、浴槽への湯張り時である。だから、暖房をしている時にいつ浴槽への湯張り負荷があっても、それに必要な湯量を貯湯槽４に蓄えておけばよい。いま、浴槽への湯張り負荷および入浴での給湯負荷などをある程度見込んだ湯量を最低残湯量とする。そして、この最低残湯量を示す貯湯槽４の位置に残湯温度検出手段２４を設け、この残湯温度検出手段２４が前述の最低残湯量を示す温度になれば、貯湯槽４に貯湯されている暖房するための有効保有熱量、つまり、放熱手段１５を加熱するための有効保有熱量が減少しないように上記給湯加熱運転を行う。
【００１７】
図２において、暖房運転時の放熱手段用熱交換器９の熱源側の入口、出口水温、循環量をそれぞれＴ１、Ｔ２、Ｇｈとし、また、給湯加熱運転時の給湯熱交換器２の水側の入口、出口水温、循環量をそれぞれＴ３、Ｔ４、Ｇｗとする。暖房のために放熱手段用熱交換器９で熱源側温水から利用側媒体に与えられる熱量Ｑｄ（暖房負荷＝貯湯槽４に貯湯されている暖房するための有効保有熱量の減少分）は（数１）に示されるようになる。
【００１８】
【数１】

【００１９】
また、給湯加熱運転時に給湯熱交換器２において、貯湯槽４から循環ポンプ５によって循環してきた湯水に、給湯加熱手段１１が与える熱量Ｑｋ（貯湯槽４に貯湯されている熱量の増加分）は（数２）に示されるようになる。
【００２０】
【数２】

【００２１】
貯湯槽４の湯をある程度使用した状態では、通常、放熱手段用熱交換器９の熱源側の出口水温Ｔ２よりも、貯湯槽４から循環ポンプ５によって給湯熱交換器２に送られてくる湯水温度Ｔ３の方が低い（Ｔ３＜Ｔ２）。だから、給湯加熱運転によって、貯湯槽４に貯湯される暖房のための有効沸き上げ熱量は（数３）に示されるようになる。
【００２２】
【数３】

【００２３】
つまり、放熱手段用熱交換器９で熱源側温水から利用側媒体に与えられる熱量Ｑｄと貯湯槽４に貯湯される暖房のための有効沸き上げ熱量Ｑｋｄとで、（数４）となるように給湯加熱運転を行えば、暖房が続いても、貯湯槽４に貯湯される暖房のための有効熱量が減少しないし、また、浴槽へ湯張りなどの給湯負荷も満足でき、湯切れの可能性は少なくなる。
【００２４】
【数４】

【００２５】
図３は、横軸に給湯加熱運転時の給湯熱交換器２の水側出口水温である沸き上げ温度をとり、縦軸にそのときの運転効率と暖房のための有効沸き上げ熱量をとって、沸き上げ温度に対する運転効率と暖房のための有効沸き上げ熱量の関係を示したものである。同図において、点Ｐは暖房負荷Ｑｄと給湯加熱運転時の暖房のための有効沸き上げ熱量Ｑｋｄとが等しい点である。また、一般的に、運転効率は沸き上げ温度が低い方が良い。そこで、点Ｐで示される沸き上げ温度か若干高めの温度になるように沸き上げ温度の制御を行えば、暖房負荷や給湯負荷を満たしつつも運転効率の良い運転が可能となる。
【００２６】
この場合、制御手段２２は放熱能力検出手段１８である熱源側入口水温検出手段１９と熱源側出口水温検出手段２０から得た温度差と熱源側流量検出手段２１から得た水の循環量から放熱量を計算する。さらに、制御手段２２は有効加熱能力検出手段１６である加熱用出口水温検出手段１３と熱源側出口水温検出手段２０とから得た温度差と加熱用流量検出手段１７から得た水の循環量から暖房に有効な加熱量を計算する。そして、計算で求めた前記放熱量よりも前記加熱量が小さければ制御手段２２は周波数制御手段２３に対して、圧縮機１の能力が大きくなるように制御し、逆に、計算で求めた前記放熱量よりも前記加熱量が大きければ制御手段２２は周波数制御手段２３に対して、圧縮機１の能力が小さくなるように制御する。
【００２７】
上記のように、放熱手段１５における放熱量よりも暖房に対する有効加熱量が大きくなるように給湯加熱手段１１における加熱量を制御するため、長時間の暖房が続いた場合でも湯切れの起こることを少なくすることができ、さらに、沸き上げ温度を低くするので、給湯加熱運転の効率も良くなる。
【００２８】
また、本実施例では、放熱量を検出する放熱能力検出手段１８として、貯湯槽４の温水と放熱手段１５の熱媒体とが熱交換する放熱手段用熱交換器９の熱源側入口と出口に設けた熱源側入口水温検出手段１９と熱源側出口水温検出手段２０と放熱手段用熱交換器９の熱源側を循環する温水の循環量を検出する熱源側流量検出手段２１とから構成しているが、図４に示すように、放熱量を検出する放熱能力検出手段１８として、貯湯槽４の温水と放熱手段１５の熱媒体とが熱交換する放熱手段用熱交換器９の利用側入口と出口に設けた利用側入口温度検出手段２５と利用側出口温度検出手段２６と放熱手段用熱交換器９の利用側を循環する熱媒体の循環量を検出する利用側流量検出手段２７とから構成して、利用側入口温度検出手段２５と利用側出口温度検出手段２６から得た温度差と利用側流量検出手段２７から得た熱媒体の循環量から放熱量を計算しても、前述と同様の作用、効果が得られる。
【００２９】
さらに、前述の図１および図４のように、直接有効加熱能力検出手段１６や放熱能力検出手段１８で加熱量と放熱量を求めなくても、運転状態に対する加熱量や放熱量を予め求めておいて、有効加熱能力記憶手段２８と放熱能力記憶手段２９に記憶させておけば、間接的な運転状態から加熱量や放熱量が推定できる。
【００３０】
例えば、図５に示すように、外気温度を検出する外気温度検出手段３０と給湯熱交換器２の入口に設けた加熱用入口水温検出手段３１と加熱用出口水温検出手段１３と圧縮機１の回転数とから推定した加熱量と、さらに、放熱手段用熱交換器９の利用側入口媒体温度を検出する利用側入口温度検出手段２５で得た温度から推定した放熱手段用熱交換器９の熱源側出口媒体温度とで、放熱手段１５のための有効沸き上げ熱量を算出し、この算出した有効沸き上げ熱量を有効加熱能力記憶手段２８に記憶させる。また、熱源側入口水温検出手段１９と利用側入口温度検出手段２５と熱源側循環ポンプ８の出力などから放熱量が推定できるので、この関係を放熱能力記憶手段２９に記憶させる。そして、放熱手段１５を使用中に貯湯槽４の保有熱量が少なくなったときの給湯加熱運転を行う場合に、有効加熱能力記憶手段２８と放熱能力記憶手段２９とから求めた放熱手段１５のための有効沸き上げ熱量と放熱量を用いても、前述と同様の作用、効果が得られる。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、放熱手段における放熱量よりも放熱手段に対する有効加熱量が大きくなるように給湯加熱手段における加熱量を制御するので、長時間の暖房が続いた場合でも湯切れの起こることを少なくすることができ、さらに、沸き上げ温度が低くなるように制御するので、給湯加熱運転の効率も良くなる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の給湯機の構成図
【図２】有効保有熱量を図示する本発明の給湯機の構成図
【図３】本発明の給湯機の沸き上げ温度に対する運転効率と暖房のための有効沸き上げ熱量の関係を説明する説明図
【図４】同給湯機の第１の他の実施例の構成図
【図５】同給湯機の第２の他の実施例の構成図
【図６】従来例における給湯機の構成図
【図７】従来例における第２の給湯機の構成図
【符号の説明】
４貯湯槽
１１給湯加熱手段
１５放熱手段
２２制御手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a hot water storage type water heater provided with heat radiating means.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, this type of water heater has a function of reheating a bathtub using hot water in a hot water tank (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
FIG. 6 shows a conventional water heater described in the publication. In the figure, a heat pump unit as hot water heating means is configured by sequentially connecting a compressor 1, a hot water supply heat exchanger 2, an atmospheric heat exchanger 3, and the like. The water sent from the hot water storage tank 4 by the circulation pump 5 is heated by the refrigerant heat in the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 and stored from above the hot water storage tank 4 (hot water supply heating operation). Further, the hot water in the bathtub 7 sent by the use side circulation pump 6 and the hot water in the upper part of the hot water tank 4 sent by the heat source side circulation pump 8 are heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiation means. It is something that chases the bath. By the way, although the case of this FIG. 6 is a case where a bath is reheated, when heating (for example, floor heating) is performed using the hot water of the hot water storage tank 4 as a heat source, a configuration as shown in FIG. 7 can be considered. That is, it is the structure which connected the heating means 10 instead of the bathtub 7 of FIG.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-243274
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The hot water supply load can be predicted to a certain extent, so even a hot water storage type water heater will rarely run out of water. Conversely, the hot water storage tank is large enough to satisfy the expected hot water supply load (number of family members, etc.). It is common to select and install. On the other hand, the heating load is difficult to predict. I don't know how many hours a day it will be used, but the equipment needs to be satisfied with the maximum heating load.
[0006]
However, in the configuration as described above, for example, when heating is continued early in the morning, if there is a hot water filling to the bathtub 7 which is the maximum hot water supply load, the amount of heat stored in the hot water tank 4 is insufficient, and the hot water runs out. There is a case. In order to prevent this, even if the hot water supply heating operation is performed after the hot water filling to the bathtub 7 is started, there is a problem that the hot water supply heating capacity cannot catch up with the hot water supply load and eventually the hot water may run out. are doing. As a method for preventing hot water from running out, the size of the hot water storage tank 4 may be increased in accordance with the maximum heating load, but the size of the hot water storage tank 4 becomes too large and a large installation space is required. There is a problem that the equipment cost becomes high.
[0007]
This invention solves the said subject, and it aims at providing the hot water heater with few hot water runs out even when heating for a long time continues.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the conventional problem, the water heater of the present invention, when the amount of remaining hot water in the hot water storage tank is equal to or less than a predetermined remaining hot water amount while radiating the heat medium using the heat radiating means, Hot water supply heating operation is performed, and the control means performs hot water supply heat exchange more than the value obtained by integrating the water-side flow rate through the heat-dissipating means heat exchanger to the difference between the water-side inlet water temperature and the water-side outlet water temperature of the heat-dissipating means heat exchanger. The number of rotations of the compressor is set so that the value obtained by integrating the water-side flow rate flowing through the hot water supply heat exchanger to the difference between the water-side outlet water temperature of the water heater and the water-side outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger for heat radiation means is greater. It is something to control .
[0009]
This can reduce the occurrence of running out of hot water even when heating is continued for a long time.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention can be implemented in the form described in each claim, and includes a hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a heat pump cycle including a compressor and a hot water supply heat exchanger, and a lower part of the hot water storage tank through the hot water supply heat exchanger. Separately from the path for performing hot water heating operation for heating the water supplied from the heat source and returning it to the upper part of the hot water tank, the path for the heat medium to circulate through the heat exchanger for heat dissipation means and the heat dissipation means, and the path for performing the hot water supply operation A path for returning the hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water tank to the hot water tank via the heat exchanger, and a control means for controlling the number of rotations of the compressor, while radiating the heat medium using the heat radiating means. When the remaining hot water amount in the hot water storage tank becomes less than the preset predetermined remaining hot water amount, hot water heating operation is performed, and the control means takes into account the difference between the water side inlet water temperature and the water side outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger for the heat radiating means. The integrated value of the water-side flow rate through the heat exchanger for heat dissipation means Compressed so that the value obtained by integrating the water-side flow rate flowing through the hot-water supply heat exchanger to the difference between the water-side outlet water temperature of the hot-water supply heat exchanger and the water-side outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger for heat radiation means is larger. Since the number of revolutions of the machine is controlled , it is possible to reduce the occurrence of running out of hot water even when heating is continued for a long time.
[0011]
In addition, since the refrigerant sealed in the heat pump is carbon dioxide, high efficiency and high environmental efficiency can be achieved.
[0012]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water heater according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the effective amount of heat stored in the water heater, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the relationship between the operating efficiency and the effective heat amount with respect to the boiling temperature of the water heater. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a first other embodiment of the water heater, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a second other embodiment of the water heater.
[0013]
In FIG. 1, 11 is a hot water supply heating means, which is a heat pump heat source that constitutes a heat pump cycle comprising a compressor 1, a hot water supply heat exchanger 2, a decompression device 12, and an atmospheric heat exchanger 3 that absorbs atmospheric heat. Then, carbon dioxide whose refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side is equal to or higher than the critical pressure is used as the refrigerant. Reference numeral 4 denotes a hot water storage tank, which supplies water from the lower part through the water supply pipe 4a and discharges the hot water from the upper hot water discharge pipe 4b to the terminal. And the water sent by the circulation pump 5 from the hot water tank 4 is made into the hot water supply circuit by connecting the circulation pump 5, the hot water heat exchanger 2, and the upper part of the hot water tank 4 sequentially from the lower part of the hot water tank 4. Hot water is stored in the hot water tank 4 by being heated by the refrigerant heat in the heat exchanger 2. Reference numeral 13 denotes a heating outlet water temperature detecting means, which is provided at the outlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 in order to detect the hot water temperature heated by the heat pump heat source. Reference numeral 14 denotes hot water control means for controlling the circulation flow rate of the hot water supply circuit by controlling the number of revolutions of the circulation pump 5 so that the outlet hot water of the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 reaches a predetermined temperature. Reference numeral 15 denotes, for example, a floor heater serving as a heat dissipating means, and the hot water in the upper part of the hot water tank 4 is circulated and heated. That is, the heat medium of the heat dissipating means 15 sent by the use side circulation pump 6 and the hot water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 4 sent by the heat source side circulation pump 8 exchange heat with the heat exchanger 9 for heat dissipating means. And heating. As another example of the heat radiating means 15, it is good also as a heating heat source machine of a bathtub. As described above, in the present invention, the heat radiating means 15 can be added with a heating function, a bath reheating function, a floor heating function, or the like, and has a function as a so-called multi-function water heater including a hot water supply function.
[0014]
Further, in this embodiment, as the effective heating capacity detecting means 16 for detecting the effective heating amount for the heat radiating means 15, the heating outlet water temperature detecting means 13 provided at the outlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 are circulated. Heating flow rate detection means 17 for detecting the circulation amount of water and heat source side outlet water temperature detection means 20 provided at the outlet of the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiation means are provided. Further, as the heat radiation capacity detection means 18 for detecting the heat radiation amount, the heat source side inlet provided at the heat source side inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiation means for exchanging heat between the hot water in the hot water storage tank 4 and the heat medium of the heat radiation means 15. There are provided a water temperature detecting means 19, a heat source side outlet water temperature detecting means 20, and a heat source side flow rate detecting means 21 for detecting the circulation amount of the hot water circulating through the heat source side of the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiating means. Further, the control means 22 controls the capacity by setting the target rotational speed of the compressor 1 with respect to the frequency control means 23, and the target temperature of the outlet water temperature of the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 with respect to the hot water control means 14. Is set so that the boiling temperature becomes a predetermined temperature. Further, a remaining hot water temperature detecting means 24 for detecting the temperature of the hot water tank 4 is provided on the surface of the hot water tank 4.
[0015]
The operation and action of the multi-function water heater configured as described above will be described below. In FIG. 1, the case where a hot water supply heating operation is performed using atmospheric heat with a heat pump heat source will be described. A high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant that is discharged from the compressor 1 has a high pressure and a pressure higher than the critical pressure flows into the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 and exchanges heat with the water sent from the lower portion of the hot water tank 4 through the hot water supply heat exchanger 2. And the rotation speed of the circulation pump 5 is controlled so that the hot water at the outlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 becomes a predetermined temperature with the high-temperature refrigerant flowing into the hot water supply heat exchanger 2, and the hot water of the predetermined temperature is supplied from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 4. It flows in and is stored. Next, the case where the heat radiating means 15 is used (for example, floor heating) will be described. The heat medium radiated by the heat radiating means 15 and cooled by the use side circulation pump 6 is sent to the hot water in the upper part of the hot water tank 4 sent by the heat source side circulation pump 8 and the heat exchanger 9 for the heat radiating means. The heat is exchanged and the heat dissipation means 15 is returned. On the other hand, the hot water in the upper part of the hot water tank 4 sent by the heat source side circulation pump 8 becomes low temperature and returns to the hot water tank 4. Note that the heat medium circulating in the heat radiation means 15 includes antifreeze and water.
[0016]
When the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 4 is used to cover the hot water supply load and the heating load, the case where the danger of running out of hot water is greatest is usually when the bath is filled with hot water. Therefore, it is sufficient to store the necessary amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 4 whenever the hot water is loaded on the bathtub when heating. Now, the amount of hot water with a certain expectation of the hot water load on the bathtub and the hot water supply load in bathing is set as the minimum remaining hot water amount. And the remaining hot water temperature detection means 24 is provided in the position of the hot water storage tank 4 which shows this minimum remaining hot water amount, and if this residual hot water temperature detection means 24 becomes the temperature which shows the above-mentioned minimum remaining hot water amount, it will be stored in the hot water storage tank 4 and hot water will be stored. The hot water supply heating operation is performed so that the effective stored heat amount for heating, that is, the effective stored heat amount for heating the heat dissipating means 15 does not decrease.
[0017]
In FIG. 2, the inlet, outlet water temperature, and circulation amount on the heat source side of the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiation means during heating operation are T1, T2, and Gh, respectively, and the water side of the hot water heat exchanger 2 during hot water heating operation Let T3, T4, and Gw be the inlet water, outlet water temperature, and circulation amount, respectively. The amount of heat Qd given to the use side medium from the heat source side hot water by the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiation means for heating (heating load = a decrease in the effective amount of heat for heating stored in the hot water storage tank 4) is (several) As shown in 1).
[0018]
[Expression 1]

[0019]
Further, in the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 during the hot water supply heating operation, the amount of heat Qk (the increase in the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 4) given by the hot water heating means 11 to the hot water circulated from the hot water storage tank 4 by the circulation pump 5 is As shown in (Equation 2).
[0020]
[Expression 2]

[0021]
In a state where the hot water in the hot water tank 4 is used to some extent, the hot water sent from the hot water tank 4 to the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 by the circulation pump 5 is usually higher than the outlet water temperature T2 on the heat source side of the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiation means. The temperature T3 is lower (T3 <T2). Therefore, the amount of effective boiling heat for heating stored in the hot water storage tank 4 by the hot water supply heating operation is as shown in (Equation 3).
[0022]
[Equation 3]

[0023]
That is, the amount of heat Qd given from the heat source side hot water to the use side medium in the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiating means and the amount of effective boiling heat Qkd for heating stored in the hot water storage tank 4 become (Equation 4). If hot water heating operation is performed, even if heating continues, the effective amount of heat for heating stored in the hot water tank 4 does not decrease, and the hot water load such as hot water filling in the bathtub can be satisfied, and the possibility of running out of hot water Will be less.
[0024]
[Expression 4]

[0025]
In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis represents the boiling temperature that is the water-side outlet water temperature of the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 during the hot water heating operation, and the vertical axis represents the operation efficiency at that time and the effective boiling heat amount for heating. The relationship between the operation efficiency with respect to the boiling temperature and the amount of effective boiling heat for heating is shown. In the figure, the point P is a point where the heating load Qd is equal to the effective boiling heat amount Qkd for heating during the hot water supply heating operation. In general, the operating efficiency is better when the boiling temperature is lower. Therefore, if the boiling temperature is controlled so that the boiling temperature indicated by the point P is slightly higher than the boiling temperature, an operation with high operational efficiency can be performed while satisfying the heating load or the hot water supply load.
[0026]
In this case, the control means 22 releases the temperature difference obtained from the heat source side inlet water temperature detection means 19 and the heat source side outlet water temperature detection means 20, which are the heat radiation capacity detection means 18, and the water circulation amount obtained from the heat source side flow rate detection means 21. Calculate the amount of heat. Further, the control means 22 is based on the temperature difference obtained from the heating outlet water temperature detection means 13 and the heat source side outlet water temperature detection means 20 which are the effective heating capacity detection means 16 and the circulation amount of water obtained from the heating flow rate detection means 17. Calculate the amount of heating effective for heating. Then, if the heating amount is smaller than the calculated heat release amount, the control unit 22 controls the frequency control unit 23 so that the capacity of the compressor 1 is increased, and conversely, the calculation is performed. If the heating amount is larger than the heat radiation amount, the control means 22 controls the frequency control means 23 so that the capacity of the compressor 1 is reduced.
[0027]
As described above, since the heating amount in the hot water supply heating means 11 is controlled so that the effective heating amount for the heating is larger than the heat radiation amount in the heat radiating means 15, the hot water runs out even when the heating is continued for a long time. Furthermore, since the boiling temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the hot water supply heating operation is improved.
[0028]
Further, in this embodiment, the heat radiation capacity detecting means 18 for detecting the heat radiation amount is provided at the heat source side inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiation means for exchanging heat between the hot water in the hot water tank 4 and the heat medium in the heat radiation means 15. The heat source side inlet water temperature detecting means 19, the heat source side outlet water temperature detecting means 20, and the heat source side flow rate detecting means 21 for detecting the circulation amount of the hot water circulating through the heat source side of the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiation means are provided. However, as shown in FIG. 4, as the heat radiating capacity detecting means 18 for detecting the amount of heat radiated, the use side inlet of the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiating means for exchanging heat between the hot water in the hot water tank 4 and the heat medium of the heat radiating means 15 A use side inlet temperature detecting means 25 provided at the outlet, a use side outlet temperature detecting means 26, and a use side flow rate detecting means 27 for detecting the circulation amount of the heat medium circulating in the use side of the heat exchanger 9 for heat radiating means. And use side inlet temperature detection means 25 and use Be calculated heat radiation amount from the circulation amount of heat medium obtained from the use-side flow rate detecting unit 27 and the temperature difference obtained from the outlet temperature detection means 26, the same action as described above, effects are obtained.
[0029]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 described above, the heating amount and the heat radiation amount for the operating state can be obtained in advance without directly obtaining the heating amount and the heat radiation amount by the effective heating capacity detection means 16 and the heat radiation capacity detection means 18. If the effective heating capacity storage means 28 and the heat dissipation capacity storage means 29 are stored, the heating amount and the heat dissipation amount can be estimated from the indirect operation state.
[0030]
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the outside air temperature detecting means 30 for detecting the outside air temperature, the heating inlet water temperature detecting means 31 provided at the inlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger 2, the heating outlet water temperature detecting means 13, and the compressor 1 The heat amount of the heat exchanger 9 for the heat dissipating means estimated from the heating amount estimated from the rotational speed and the temperature obtained by the use side inlet temperature detecting means 25 for detecting the use side inlet medium temperature of the heat exchanger 9 for heat dissipating means. The effective boiling heat amount for the heat radiating means 15 is calculated based on the heat source side outlet medium temperature, and the calculated effective boiling heat amount is stored in the effective heating capacity storage means 28. Further, since the heat radiation amount can be estimated from the output of the heat source side inlet water temperature detecting means 19, the use side inlet temperature detecting means 25, the heat source side circulation pump 8, and the like, this relationship is stored in the heat radiation capacity storage means 29. When the hot water heating operation is performed when the amount of heat held in the hot water storage tank 4 is reduced while the heat radiating means 15 is being used, the heat radiating means 15 obtained from the effective heating capacity memory means 28 and the heat radiating capacity memory means 29 is used. Even if the effective boiling heat quantity and heat release quantity are used, the same actions and effects as described above can be obtained.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the heating amount in the hot water supply heating means is controlled so that the effective heating amount for the heat dissipation means is larger than the heat dissipation amount in the heat dissipation means. It is possible to reduce the occurrence of cutting, and furthermore, since the boiling temperature is controlled to be low, the efficiency of the hot water supply heating operation is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a water heater according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a water heater according to the present invention illustrating effective stored heat. FIG. 3 is for operating efficiency and heating with respect to the boiling temperature of the water heater according to the present invention. Explanatory drawing explaining the relationship of the effective boiling-up calorie | heat amount of FIG. 4 The block diagram of the 1st other Example of the same water heater [FIG. 5] The block diagram of the 2nd other Example of the same water heater [FIG. 6] Configuration diagram of a water heater in a conventional example [FIG. 7] Configuration diagram of a second water heater in a conventional example [Explanation of symbols]
4 Hot water storage tank 11 Hot water supply heating means 15 Heat radiation means 22 Control means

Claims

A hot water storage tank for storing hot water, a heat pump cycle including a compressor and a hot water supply heat exchanger, and water supplied from the lower part of the hot water storage tank through the hot water heat exchanger to heat the water to the upper part of the hot water storage tank Separately from the path for performing the hot water supply heating operation, the path for the heat medium to circulate through the heat exchanger for heat radiating means and the heat radiating means, and the path for performing the hot water supply operation, the hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank is replaced with the heat exchanger. And a control means for controlling the number of revolutions of the compressor, and the amount of hot water remaining in the hot water tank is preset while the heat medium is radiated using the heat radiating means. When the amount of remaining hot water is less than or equal to the predetermined amount of hot water, a hot water supply heating operation is performed, and the control means flows through the heat exchanger for heat radiating means to the difference between the water side inlet water temperature and the water side outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger for heat radiating means. More than the value obtained by integrating the water-side flow rate, Rotation of the compressor so that a value obtained by integrating the water-side flow rate flowing through the hot water supply heat exchanger to the difference between the water-side outlet water temperature of the exchanger and the water-side outlet water temperature of the heat exchanger for heat radiation means is larger. Water heater that controls the number.

The water heater according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant sealed in the heat pump is carbon dioxide.