JP3728092B2

JP3728092B2 - Single double-effect absorption chiller / heater

Info

Publication number: JP3728092B2
Application number: JP08221098A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 一寛吉井; 俊之星野
Original assignee: Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 1998-03-27
Filing date: 1998-03-27
Publication date: 2005-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2018-03-27
Also published as: JPH11281186A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は吸収冷温水機に関し、特に詳しくは低熱源再生器と凝縮器とを収納した低熱源再生器凝縮器胴を備えた一重二重効用吸収冷温水機に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
蒸発器と吸収器とを収納した蒸発器吸収器胴、低温再生器と凝縮器とを収納した低温再生器凝縮器胴、温廃水などを低温熱源とする低熱源再生器と凝縮器とを収納した低熱源再生器凝縮器胴、高温再生器、低温熱交換器、高温熱交換器、稀吸収液ポンプおよび中間吸収液ポンプを配管接続して構成する一重二重効用吸収冷温水機が、省エネ効果が高い冷暖房装置として知られている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、従来の一重二重効用吸収冷温水機においては、コジェネレーション（熱電併給）で供給される廃熱などが低熱源再生器に直接供給され、吸収器から送り込まれる稀吸収液を加熱して冷媒を蒸発分離したあとは捨てられていたため、廃熱の有効利用が必ずしも充分ではないと云った問題点があり、廃熱をより有効に活用にして吸収冷温水機の成績係数を向上させる必要があった。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記従来技術の課題を解決するため、蒸発器と吸収器とを収納した蒸発器吸収器胴、低温再生器と凝縮器とを収納した低温再生器凝縮器胴、温廃水などを低温熱源とする低熱源再生器と凝縮器とを収納した低熱源再生器凝縮器胴、高温再生器、低温熱交換器、高温熱交換器、稀吸収液ポンプおよび中間吸収液ポンプを配管接続して構成する一重二重効用吸収冷温水機において、高温熱交換器を経由させて高温再生器に中間吸収液を送り込む中間吸収液ポンプが介在する中間吸収液配管の高温熱交換器入口側に廃熱熱交換器を設けると共に、この廃熱熱交換器に供給され、廃熱熱交換器で中間吸収液と熱交換して廃熱熱交換器から吐出した温廃水などを低熱源再生器に供給可能に前記廃熱熱交換器と低熱源再生器とを低熱源供給配管により配管接続するようにした第１の構成の一重二重効用吸収冷温水機と、
【０００５】
蒸発器と吸収器とを収納した蒸発器吸収器胴、低温再生器と凝縮器とを収納した低温再生器凝縮器胴、温廃水などを低温熱源とする低熱源再生器と凝縮器とを収納した低熱源再生器凝縮器胴、高温再生器、低温熱交換器、高温熱交換器、中間熱交換器、第１および第２の稀吸収液ポンプを配管接続して構成する一重二重効用吸収冷温水機において、吸収器から稀吸収液を低温熱交換器、高温熱交換器の順に経由させて高温再生器に送り込む稀吸収液ポンプが介在する稀吸収液配管の低温熱交換器と高温熱交換器との間に廃熱熱交換器を設けると共に、この廃熱熱交換器に供給され、廃熱熱交換器で稀吸収液と熱交換して廃熱熱交換器から吐出した温廃水などを低熱源再生器に供給可能に前記廃熱熱交換器と低熱源再生器とを低熱源供給配管により配管接続するようにした第２の構成の一重二重効用吸収冷温水機と、
【０００６】
前記第１または第２の構成の一重二重効用吸収冷温水機において、廃熱熱交換器を迂回する第１のバイパス配管と、低熱源再生器を迂回する第２のバイパス配管とを低熱源供給配管に設けると共に、それぞれのバイパス配管に流れる温廃水などの量を調整する流量調整手段を設けるようにした第３の構成の一重二重効用吸収冷温水機と
を提供するものである。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
〔第１の実施形態〕
本発明の第１の実施形態を図１に基づいて説明する。図１に例示した一重二重効用吸収冷温水機は、冷媒に水、吸収液（溶液）に臭化リチウム（ＬｉＢｒ）溶液を用いるものであり、１は蒸発器、２は吸収器、３は蒸発器１と吸収器２とを収納した蒸発器吸収器胴（以下、下胴と云う）、４は例えばガスバーナ５を備えた高温再生器、６は低温再生器、７は低温再生器６のための凝縮器（以下、第１凝縮器と云う）、８は低温再生器６と第１凝縮器７とを収納した低温再生器凝縮器胴（以下、第１上胴と云う）、９は例えば９５℃前後の温廃水を低温熱源とする低熱源再生器、１０は低熱源再生器９のための凝縮器（以下、第２凝縮器と云う）、１１は低熱源再生器９と第２凝縮器１０とを収納した低熱源再生器凝縮器胴（以下、第２上胴と云う）、１２Ａは低温熱交換器、１２Ｂは高温熱交換器、１３は廃熱熱交換器である。
【０００８】
２Ａは吸収器２の下部に形成された稀吸収液溜りであり、この稀吸収液溜り２Ａと低熱源再生器９の気相部とは、途中に稀吸収液ポンプＰ１を備えた稀吸収液配管１４により配管接続されている。また、低熱源再生器９の下部に形成された中間吸収液溜り９Ａと高温再生器４の気相部とは、途中に中間吸収液ポンプＰ２を備えた中間吸収液配管１５によって配管接続されている。
【０００９】
４Ａは高温再生器４に形成された中間吸収液溜りであり、この中間吸収液溜り４Ａと低温再生器６の気相部とは、途中に高温熱交換器１２Ｂを備えた中間吸収液配管１６によって配管接続されている。また、中間吸収液配管１６の高温熱交換器１２Ｂ入口側と、吸収器２の気相部とは、途中に開閉弁１６Ｖを備えた中間吸収液配管１６Ａによって配管接続されている。そして、この開閉弁１６Ｖは、冷房などを行うために後述する冷温水配管２５から負荷に冷水を循環供給する冷水供給運転時に閉弁され、暖房など行うために温水を循環供給する温水供給運転時に開弁される。
【００１０】
また、低温再生器６の下部に形成された濃吸収液溜り６Ａと吸収器２の気相部に設けられた濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂとは、途中に低温熱交換器１２Ａを備えた濃吸収液配管１７によって配管接続されている。
【００１１】
また、中間吸収液ポンプＰ２の吸込側の中間吸収液配管１５Ａと低温熱交換器１２Ａの上流側の濃吸収液配管１７Ａとは、吸収液配管１８により配管接続されている。そして、この吸収液配管１８は第１上胴８よりも低いレベルに設置され、第２上胴１１内の圧力と第１上胴８内の圧力の間に差が生じた場合でも、各胴間を吸収液によってＵシールできるようになっている。
【００１２】
１９は高温再生器４の気相部から第１上胴８に至る冷媒蒸気配管であり、低温再生器６の内部を経由して第１凝縮器７の底部に開口している。この冷媒蒸気配管１９の低温再生器６入口側と、吸収器２の気相部とは、途中に開閉弁２０Ｖを備えた冷媒蒸気配管２０によって配管接続されている。この開閉弁２０Ｖも冷水供給運転時に閉弁され、温水供給運転時に閉弁される。
【００１３】
２１は第１凝縮器７の底部と蒸発器１の気相部とを配管接続する第１冷媒液配管であり、この第１冷媒液配管２１にＵシール部２１Ａが形成されている。また、２２は第２凝縮器１０の底部と第１冷媒液配管２１のＵシール部２１Ａとを配管接続する第２冷媒液配管である。このため、この第２冷媒液配管２２にも、第１冷媒液配管２１との接続部にＵシール部２２Ａが形成されることになる。
【００１４】
２３は蒸発器１の冷媒液溜り１Ａと冷媒散布装置１Ｂとを配管接続する冷媒液循環配管であり、この冷媒液循環配管２３の途中に冷媒液ポンプＰ３が設けられている。また、２４は冷媒液溜り１Ａと稀吸収液溜り２Ａとの間に配管接続された冷媒液ドレン配管であり、この冷媒液ドレン配管２４の途中に開閉弁２４Ｖが設けられている。この開閉弁２４Ｖも、冷水供給運転時に閉弁され、温水供給運転時に開弁される。
【００１５】
２５は冷温水配管２５Ａ・冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂ・冷温水配管２５Ｃからなる冷温水配管であり、図示しない冷暖房負荷などに接続される。また、２６は冷却水配管であり、この冷却水配管２６は冷却塔（図示せず）から吸収器熱交換器２６Ａ・第１凝縮器熱交換器２６Ｂ・第２凝縮器熱交換器２６Ｃを経て冷却塔に還流する冷却水の循環路を形成している。
【００１６】
２８は９５℃程度の温廃水、例えば図示しない発電機の冷却水などを低温熱源（以下、熱源温水と云う）として廃熱熱交換器１３、低熱源再生器９に順次供給するための低熱源供給配管であり、低熱源供給管２８Ａ・連結管２８Ｂ・バイパス管２８Ｃ・三方弁である流量制御弁２８Ｄ・低熱源再生器９に内蔵された低熱源熱交換器２８Ｅ・低熱源戻し管２８Ｆ・バイパス管２８Ｇ・三方弁である流量制御弁２８Ｈから構成されている。
【００１７】
Ｓ１は冷温水配管２５Ｃに設置されてこの中を流れている冷温水の温度を検出して制御器Ｃに出力する温度センサである。
【００１８】
上記構成の一重二重効用吸収冷温水機において、開閉弁１６Ｖ・２０Ｖ・２４Ｖを閉弁し、蒸発器１で冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂを介して取り出した冷水を冷温水配管２５Ｃにより負荷に循環供給して行う冷房運転などの制御を説明すると、９５℃程度の熱源温水が供給される低熱源供給配管２８の流量制御弁２８Ｄ・２８Ｈは、何れも熱源温水が熱交換器側に流れるように調整される。
【００１９】
また、冷却水配管２６には冷却水を通し、稀吸収液ポンプＰ１と、中間吸収液ポンプＰ２と、冷媒液ポンプＰ３とを起動し、ガスバーナ５に点火される。ガスバーナ５の火力、具体的にはガスバーナ５に供給するガス量は、温度センサＳ１が計測している冷水の温度、すなわち蒸発器１内の冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで冷却され、冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出て負荷に供給される冷水の温度が所定の温度、例えば７℃になるように制御される。
【００２０】
このときの冷媒と吸収液の挙動を説明すると、吸収器２の稀吸収液溜り２Ａから稀吸収液配管１４を介して稀吸収液ポンプＰ１により第２上胴１１の低熱源再生器９に送り込まれた稀吸収液は、低熱源供給配管２８から供給される熱源温水により低熱源熱交換器２８Ｅを介して加熱され、冷媒を蒸発分離する。
【００２１】
冷媒を蒸発分離して吸収液濃度が高くなった中間吸収液は、中間吸収液配管１５を介して中間吸収液ポンプＰ２により廃熱熱交換器１３・高温熱交換器１２Ｂを経て、それぞれで加熱されて高温再生器４に送られる。
【００２２】
高温再生器４に送り込まれた中間吸収液は、ここでガスバーナ５による火炎および高温の燃焼ガスにより加熱されて冷媒が蒸発分離する。高温再生器４で冷媒を分離して濃度が上昇した中間吸収液は、従来の二重効用吸収冷温水機と同様に高温熱交換器１２Ｂを経て低温再生器６へ送られる。そして、中間吸収液は低温再生器６において、冷媒蒸気配管１９を通って送られて来る冷媒蒸気によって加熱され、さらに冷媒が分離して濃度が一段と高くなり、この濃吸収液が低温熱交換器１２Ａを経て吸収器２へ送られ、濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂから散布される。
【００２３】
一方、低熱源再生器９で分離した冷媒は第２凝縮器１０で凝縮し、低温再生器６で分離した冷媒は第１凝縮器７で凝縮する。そして、冷媒液が第１凝縮器７および第２凝縮器１０から第１冷媒液配管２１および第２冷媒液配管２２を経て下胴３の蒸発器１へ流れ、冷媒液循環配管２３の冷媒液ポンプＰ３の運転により、冷媒散布装置１Ｂから冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂに散布される。
【００２４】
冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂの上に散布された冷媒液は、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂの内部を通る冷水から蒸発熱を奪って蒸発するので、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂの内部を通る冷水は冷却され、こうして温度を下げた冷水が冷温水配管２５Ｃから負荷に供給されて冷房などが行われる。
【００２５】
そして、蒸発器１で蒸発した冷媒は吸収器２へ入り、低温再生器６より供給されて濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂから散布される濃間吸収液に吸収されて、吸収器２の稀吸収液溜り２Ａに溜り、稀吸収液ポンプＰ１によって第２上胴１１の低熱源再生器９に送られる。
【００２６】
冷媒と吸収液の上記一重二重効用冷凍サイクルにおいて、前記したように温度センサＳ１が検出して出力する温度、すなわち蒸発器１内の冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで冷却され、冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出て負荷に供給される冷水の温度が所定の７℃になるように、ガスバーナ５による加熱量、具体的にはガスバーナ５に供給するガス量が制御される。
【００２７】
そして、ガスバーナ５による加熱量を最小にしても、温度センサＳ１が所定の７℃より低い温度を検出すると、ガスバーナ５による加熱を停止すると共に、中間吸収液ポンプＰ２の運転も停止し、さらに低熱源供給配管２８から供給する熱源温水が廃熱熱交換器１３に行かないように、流量制御弁２８Ｄを操作する。
【００２８】
この場合の吸収液は、低熱源供給配管２８から供給される熱源温水により第２上胴１１の低熱源再生器９でだけ加熱され、ここで冷媒を蒸発分離する。そして、吸収液濃度が高くなった中間吸収液は、中間吸収液配管１５Ａ・吸収液配管１８・濃吸収液配管１７Ａ・低温熱交換器１２Ａ・濃吸収液配管１７Ｂを経て、濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂから吸収器熱交換器２６Ａに散布され吸収器２に戻される。
【００２９】
一方、低熱源再生器９で生成された冷媒蒸気は第２凝縮器１０に入って凝縮し、第２冷媒液配管２２を経て蒸発器１に流入し、冷媒散布装置１Ｂから冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂに散布され、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂの内部を通る冷水を冷却して蒸発し、吸収器２へ流入して濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂから散布される中間吸収液に吸収されると云った前記循環が行われる。
【００３０】
冷媒と吸収液の上記一重効用冷凍サイクルにおいては、温度センサＳ１が検出して出力する温度、すなわち蒸発器１内の冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで冷却され、冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出た冷水の温度が所定の７℃になるように、低熱源再生器９における加熱量、具体的には低熱源供給配管２８から低熱源熱交換器２８Ｅに取り込む熱源温水の量、すなわち流量制御弁２８Ｈの開度が制御される。
【００３１】
そして、低熱源供給配管２８を流れる熱源温水の全量が低熱源熱交換器２８Ｅに流れるように流量制御弁２８Ｈを操作しても、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで冷却されて冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出た冷水が所定の７℃まで低下しないときには、前記のようにガスバーナ５に点火するなどして、高温再生器４でも冷媒を加熱生成するように制御する。
【００３２】
すなわち、吸収液を加熱して冷媒を発生させる熱源としては、低熱源供給配管２８から取り込む熱源温水を利用し、これで不足するときにガスバーナ５による加熱を行うので、高温再生器４で消費する燃料の削減が図れる。しかも、低熱源供給配管２８を介して供給される熱源温水は、廃熱熱交換器１３と低熱源熱交換器２８Ｅとの二箇所で吸収液と熱交換してこれを加熱するので、熱交換を１回だけ行うように構成されていた従来の装置に比べて成績係数が高くなった。
【００３３】
なお、冷温水配管２５Ｃから負荷に温水を循環供給して暖房などを行う場合は、冷却水配管２６に冷却水の供給を行わずに開閉弁１６Ｖ・２０Ｖ・２４Ｖを開弁し、高温再生器４で発生した高温の冷媒蒸気を冷媒蒸気配管１９、冷媒蒸気配管２０を経て下胴３に導く。
【００３４】
そして、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂを流れる水をこの高温の冷媒蒸気によって加熱し、冷温水配管２５Ｃを介して負荷に供給する。そして、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂに触れて凝縮し、冷媒液溜り１Ａに溜った冷媒液は冷媒液ドレン配管２４を経て吸収器２の稀吸収液溜り２Ａに導かれる。
【００３５】
この場合も、ガスバーナ５の火力、具体的にはガスバーナ５に供給するガス量は、温度センサＳ１が計測している温水の温度、すなわち蒸発器１内の冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで加熱され、冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出て負荷に供給される温水の温度が所定の温度、例えば５５℃になるように制御器Ｃにより制御される。
【００３６】
そして、ガスバーナ５による加熱量を最小にしても、温度センサＳ１が所定の５５℃より高い温度を検出すると、ガスバーナ５による加熱を停止すると共に、中間吸収液ポンプＰ２の運転も停止し、さらに低熱源供給配管２８から供給する熱源温水が廃熱熱交換器１３に行かないように流量制御弁２８Ｄを操作する。
【００３７】
冷媒と吸収液の上記循環サイクルにおいては、温度センサＳ１が検出して出力する温度、すなわち蒸発器１内の冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで加熱され、冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出た温水の温度が所定の５５℃になるように、ガスバーナ５による加熱を行う。
【００３８】
〔第２の実施形態〕
本発明の第２の実施形態を図２に基づいて説明する。図２に例示した一重二重効用吸収冷温水機も冷媒に水、吸収液（溶液）に臭化リチウム（ＬｉＢｒ）溶液を用いるものであり、この吸収冷温水機が図１に示した一重二重効用吸収冷温水機と相違する点は、図１の一重二重効用吸収冷温水機が備えていた中間吸収液ポンプＰ２・吸収液配管１８などを取り除く代わりに、第２の稀吸収液ポンプＰ４と、中間熱交換器３１とを設けるようにした点にあり、主に図１に示した一重二重効用吸収冷温水機と相違する部分について説明する。
【００３９】
第２の稀吸収液ポンプＰ４は稀吸収液配管１４Ａに設置され、この稀吸収液配管１４Ａを介して稀吸収液ポンプＰ４の吸入側が吸収器２の稀吸収液溜り２Ａに接続され、吐出側が低温熱交換器１２Ａ・廃熱熱交換器１３・高温熱交換器１２Ｂを経て高温再生器４の気相部に接続されている。
【００４０】
稀吸収液ポンプＰ１が吸収器２の稀吸収液溜り２Ａから第２上胴１１の低熱源再生器９に送り込んでいる稀吸収液と熱交換するために稀吸収液配管１４に設けた中間熱交換器３１は、その一方の入口に、図１に例示した一重二重効用吸収冷温水機において第２上胴１１の低熱源再生器９の中間吸収液溜り９Ａに配管接続されていた中間吸収液配管１５Ａの他端が配管接続され、他方の入口には中間吸収液配管１５Ｂが配管接続され、この中間吸収液配管１５Ｂを介して低温熱交換器１２Ａから吸収器２の濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂに至る濃吸収液配管１７Ｂに接続している。
【００４１】
上記図２に示した構成の一重二重効用吸収冷温水機においても、開閉弁１６Ｖ・２０Ｖ・２４Ｖを閉弁し、蒸発器１で冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂを介して取り出した冷水を冷温水配管２５Ｃにより負荷に循環供給して行う冷房運転などでは、９５℃程度の熱源温水が供給される低熱源供給配管２８の流量制御弁２８Ｄ・２８Ｈは、何れも熱源温水が熱交換器側に流れるように調整される。
【００４２】
また、冷却水配管２６には冷却水を通し、稀吸収液ポンプＰ１・Ｐ４と、冷媒液ポンプＰ３とを起動し、ガスバーナ５に点火される。ガスバーナ５の火力、具体的にはガスバーナ５に供給するガス量は、温度センサＳ１が計測している冷水の温度、すなわち蒸発器１内の冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで冷却され、冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出て負荷に供給される冷水の温度が所定の温度、例えば７℃になるように制御される。
【００４３】
このときの冷媒と吸収液の挙動を説明すると、吸収器２の稀吸収液溜り２Ａから稀吸収液配管１４を介して稀吸収液ポンプＰ１により第２上胴１１の低熱源再生器９に送り込まれた稀吸収液は、低熱源供給配管２８から供給される熱源温水により低熱源熱交換器２８Ｅを介して加熱され、冷媒を蒸発分離する。
【００４４】
冷媒を蒸発分離して吸収液濃度が高くなった中間吸収液は、中間吸収液配管１５Ａ・中間熱交換器３１・中間吸収液配管１５Ｂ・濃吸収液配管１７Ｂを経て、吸収器２の濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂから、後述する低温再生器６からの濃吸収液と一緒になって吸収器熱交換器２６Ａに散布され、吸収器２に戻される。
【００４５】
吸収器２の稀吸収液溜り２Ａからは、稀吸収液が稀吸収液ポンプＰ４により稀吸収液配管１４Ａを介して、低温熱交換器１２Ａ・廃熱熱交換器１３・高温熱交換器１２Ｂそれぞれで熱交換して温度上昇しながら高温再生器４にも送り込まれ、ここでガスバーナ５による火炎および高温の燃焼ガスにより加熱されて冷媒が蒸発分離する。高温再生器４で冷媒を分離して濃度が上昇した中間吸収液は、従来の二重効用吸収冷温水機と同様に高温熱交換器１２Ｂを経て低温再生器６へ送られる。そして、中間吸収液は低温再生器６において、冷媒蒸気配管１９を通って送られて来る冷媒蒸気によって加熱され、さらに冷媒が分離して濃度が一段と高くなり、この濃吸収液が低温熱交換器１２Ａを経て吸収器２へ送られ、前記低熱源再生器９からの中間吸収液と一緒に濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂから散布される。
【００４６】
一方、低熱源再生器９で分離した冷媒は第２凝縮器１０で凝縮し、低温再生器６で分離した冷媒は第１凝縮器７で凝縮する。そして、冷媒液が第１凝縮器７および第２凝縮器１０から第１冷媒液配管２１および第２冷媒液配管２２を経て下胴３の蒸発器１へ流れ、冷媒液循環配管２３の冷媒液ポンプＰ３の運転により、冷媒散布装置１Ｂから冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂに散布される。
【００４７】
冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂの上に散布された冷媒液は、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂの内部を通る冷水から蒸発熱を奪って蒸発するので、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂの内部を通る冷水は冷却され、こうして温度を下げた冷水が冷温水配管２５Ｃから負荷に供給されて冷房などが行われる。
【００４８】
そして、蒸発器１で蒸発した冷媒は吸収器２へ入り、低温再生器６および低熱源再生器９より供給されて濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂから散布される吸収液に吸収されて、吸収器２の稀吸収液溜り２Ａに溜り、再び稀吸収液ポンプＰ１によって第２上胴１１の低熱源再生器９に送られ、稀吸収液ポンプＰ４によって高温再生器４に送られる。
【００４９】
冷媒と吸収液の上記一重二重効用冷凍サイクルにおいて、前記したように温度センサＳ１が検出して出力する温度、すなわち蒸発器１内の冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで冷却され、冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出て負荷に供給される冷水の温度が所定の７℃になるように、ガスバーナ５による加熱量、具体的にはガスバーナ５に供給するガス量が制御される。
【００５０】
そして、ガスバーナ５による加熱量を最小にしても、温度センサＳ１が所定の７℃より低い温度を検出すると、ガスバーナ５による加熱を停止すると共に、稀吸収液ポンプＰ４の運転も停止し、さらに低熱源供給配管２８から供給する熱源温水が廃熱熱交換器１３に行かないように、流量制御弁２８Ｄを操作する。
【００５１】
この場合の吸収液は、低熱源供給配管２８から供給される熱源温水により第２上胴１１の低熱源再生器９でだけ加熱され、ここで冷媒を蒸発分離する。そして、吸収液濃度が高くなった中間吸収液は、中間吸収液配管１５Ａ・中間熱交換器３１・中間吸収液配管１５Ｂ・濃吸収液配管１７Ｂを経て、吸収器２の濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂから吸収器熱交換器２６Ａに散布され吸収器２に戻される。
【００５２】
一方、低熱源再生器９で生成された冷媒蒸気は第２凝縮器１０に入って凝縮し、第２冷媒液配管２２を経て蒸発器１に流入し、冷媒散布装置１Ｂから冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂに散布され、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂの内部を通る冷水を冷却して蒸発し、吸収器２へ流入して濃吸収液散布装置２Ｂから散布される中間吸収液に吸収されると云った前記循環が行われる。
【００５３】
冷媒と吸収液の上記一重効用冷凍サイクルにおいては、温度センサＳ１が検出して出力する温度、すなわち蒸発器１内の冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで冷却され、冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出た冷水の温度が所定の７℃になるように、低熱源再生器９における加熱量、具体的には低熱源供給配管２８から低熱源熱交換器２８Ｅに取り込む熱源温水の量、すなわち流量制御弁２８Ｈの開度が制御される。
【００５４】
そして、低熱源供給配管２８を流れる熱源温水の全量が低熱源熱交換器２８Ｅに流れるように流量制御弁２８Ｈを操作しても、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで冷却されて冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出た冷水が所定の７℃まで低下しないときには、前記のようにガスバーナ５に点火するなどして、高温再生器４でも冷媒を加熱生成するように制御する。
【００５５】
すなわち、吸収液を加熱して冷媒を発生させる熱源としては、第１に低熱源供給配管２８から取り込む熱源温水を利用し、これで不足するときにガスバーナ５による加熱を行うので、高温再生器４で消費する燃料の削減が図れるし、低熱源供給配管２８を介して供給される熱源温水は、廃熱熱交換器１３と低熱源熱交換器２８Ｅとの二箇所で吸収液と熱交換してこれを加熱しているので、熱交換を１回だけ行うように構成されていた従来の装置に比べて成績係数が高くなる。
【００５６】
なお、負荷に温水を供給して暖房などを行う場合は、冷却水配管２６に冷却水の供給を行わずに開閉弁１６Ｖ・２０Ｖ・２４Ｖを開弁し、高温再生器４で発生した高温の冷媒蒸気を冷媒蒸気配管１９、冷媒蒸気配管２０を経て下胴３に導く。また、第２上胴１１の低熱源再生器９で生成された冷媒蒸気は第２凝縮器１０に入り、第２冷媒液配管２２を経て蒸発器１に流入する。この低熱源再生器９と、高温再生器４から流入する冷媒蒸気によって、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂ内を流れる水を加熱し、冷温水配管２５Ｃを介して負荷に供給する。そして、冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂに触れて凝縮し、冷媒液溜り１Ａに溜った冷媒液は冷媒液ドレン配管２４を経て稀吸収液溜り２Ａに導かれる。
【００５７】
この場合も、ガスバーナ５の火力、具体的にはガスバーナ５に供給するガス量は、温度センサＳ１が計測している温水の温度、すなわち蒸発器１内の冷温水熱交換器２５Ｂで加熱され、冷温水配管２５Ｃに流れ出て負荷に供給される温水の温度が所定の５５℃になるように制御器Ｃにより制御される。
【００５８】
ところで、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではないので、特許請求の範囲に記載の趣旨から逸脱しない範囲で各種の変形実施が可能である。
【００５９】
例えば、冷却水を第２凝縮器熱交換器２６Ｃ、吸収器熱交換器２６Ａ、第１凝縮器熱交換器２６Ｂと流すように冷却水配管２６を配管しても良い。
【００６０】
また、冷却水を第２凝縮器熱交換器２６Ｃ、第１凝縮器熱交換器２６Ｂ、吸収器熱交換器２６Ａと流すように冷却水配管２６を配管しても良い。
【００６１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明の一重二重効用吸収冷温水機においては、発電機などの冷却に使用した温廃水などが吸収液の加熱に二度に渡って使用されるため、成績係数の改善が図れた。
【００６２】
また、請求項３の吸収冷温水機によれば、負荷が小さく、したがって吸収液の加熱が温排水だけで行える場合も、蒸発器から取り出して冷温水配管から負荷に循環供給する冷温水の温度調節が容易に行える。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】請求項１に係わる一重二重効用吸収冷温水機の概略構成図である。
【図２】請求項２に係わる一重二重効用吸収冷温水機の概略構成図である。
【符号の説明】
１蒸発器
１Ｂ冷媒散布装置
２吸収器
２Ａ稀吸収液溜り
２Ｂ濃吸収液散布装置
３下胴（蒸発器吸収器胴）
４高温再生器
６低温再生器
７第１凝縮器
８第１上胴（低温再生器凝縮器胴）
９低熱源再生器
１０第２凝縮器
１１第２上胴（低熱源再生器凝縮器胴）
１２Ａ低温熱交換器
１２Ｂ高温熱交換器
１３廃熱熱交換器
１４稀吸収液配管
１５中間吸収液配管
１６中間吸収液配管
１７濃吸収液配管
１８吸収液配管
１９冷媒蒸気配管
２０冷媒蒸気配管
２１第１冷媒液配管
２２第２冷媒液配管
２３冷媒液循環配管
２４冷媒液ドレン配管
２５冷温水配管
２５Ｂ冷温水熱交換器
２５Ｃ冷温水配管
２６冷却水配管
２６Ａ吸収器熱交換器
２６Ｂ第１凝縮器熱交換器
２６Ｃ第２凝縮器熱交換器
２８低熱源供給配管
２８Ａ低熱源供給管
２８Ｂ連結管
２８Ｃバイパス管
２８Ｄ流量制御弁
２８Ｅ低熱源熱交換器
２８Ｆ低熱源戻し管
２８Ｇバイパス管
２９Ｈ流量制御弁
Ｃ制御器
Ｐ１稀吸収液ポンプ
Ｐ２中間吸収液ポンプ
Ｐ３冷媒液ポンプ
Ｓ１・Ｓ２温度センサ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an absorption chiller / heater, and more particularly to a single double-effect absorption chiller / heater equipped with a low heat source regenerator condenser body containing a low heat source regenerator and a condenser.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Accommodates an evaporator absorber cylinder containing an evaporator and an absorber, a low-temperature regenerator condenser cylinder containing a low-temperature regenerator and a condenser, and a low-heat source regenerator and condenser that uses hot wastewater as a low-temperature heat source. Low heat source regenerator condenser body, high temperature regenerator, low temperature heat exchanger, high temperature heat exchanger, rare absorption liquid pump and intermediate absorption liquid pump are connected and connected to the pipe. It is known as a highly effective air conditioning unit.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional single double-effect absorption chiller / heater, waste heat supplied by cogeneration (cogeneration) is directly supplied to the low heat source regenerator and the rare absorption liquid fed from the absorber is heated. Since the refrigerant was discarded after evaporating and separating the refrigerant, there was a problem that the effective use of waste heat was not always sufficient, and it was necessary to improve the coefficient of performance of the absorption chiller / heater by making more effective use of waste heat. was there.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a low temperature regenerator condenser cylinder containing an evaporator and an absorber, a low temperature regenerator condenser cylinder containing a low temperature regenerator and a condenser, and low temperature waste water. The low heat source regenerator and the condenser body, the high temperature regenerator, the low temperature heat exchanger, the high temperature heat exchanger, the rare absorption liquid pump, and the intermediate absorption liquid pump are connected by piping. In the single double-effect absorption chiller / heater system that is configured, the waste heat is generated at the inlet side of the high-temperature heat exchanger of the intermediate absorption liquid pipe through which the intermediate absorption liquid pump that feeds the intermediate absorption liquid to the high-temperature regenerator via the high-temperature heat exchanger. A heat exchanger is installed and supplied to the waste heat heat exchanger. , Exchange heat with the intermediate absorbent in the waste heat heat exchanger and discharge from the waste heat heat exchanger A single double-effect absorption chiller / heater having a first configuration in which the waste heat heat exchanger and the low heat source regenerator are connected to each other by a low heat source supply pipe so as to be able to supply hot waste water or the like to the low heat source regenerator When,
[0005]
Accommodates an evaporator absorber cylinder containing an evaporator and an absorber, a low-temperature regenerator condenser cylinder containing a low-temperature regenerator and a condenser, and a low-heat source regenerator and condenser that uses hot wastewater as a low-temperature heat source. Single double-effect absorption consisting of a low heat source regenerator condenser body, a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature heat exchanger, a high temperature heat exchanger, an intermediate heat exchanger, and first and second rare absorption liquid pumps connected by piping. In the chiller / heater, the low-temperature heat exchanger and high-temperature heat of the rare-absorption liquid pipe intervening with the rare-absorption liquid pump that sends the rare absorption liquid from the absorber to the high-temperature regenerator through the low-temperature heat exchanger and high-temperature heat exchanger in this order. A waste heat heat exchanger is installed between the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger. , Heat exchange with the rare absorbent in the waste heat heat exchanger and discharge from the waste heat heat exchanger A single-double-effect absorption chiller / heater having a second configuration in which the waste heat heat exchanger and the low heat source regenerator are connected to each other by a low heat source supply pipe so as to be able to supply the heated waste water and the like to the low heat source regenerator When,
[0006]
In the single double-effect absorption chiller / heater of the first or second configuration, a low heat source includes a first bypass pipe that bypasses the waste heat heat exchanger and a second bypass pipe that bypasses the low heat source regenerator. A single-double-effect absorption chiller / heater with a third configuration that is provided in the supply pipe and is provided with a flow rate adjusting means that adjusts the amount of hot waste water flowing in each bypass pipe;
Is to provide.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[First Embodiment]
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The single double-effect absorption chiller / heater illustrated in FIG. 1 uses water as a refrigerant and a lithium bromide (LiBr) solution as an absorption liquid (solution), where 1 is an evaporator, 2 is an absorber, and 3 is An evaporator absorber cylinder (hereinafter referred to as a lower cylinder) containing the evaporator 1 and the absorber 2, 4 is a high-temperature regenerator provided with, for example, a gas burner 5, 6 is a low-temperature regenerator, and 7 is a low-temperature regenerator 6. A condenser (hereinafter referred to as a first condenser), 8 is a low-temperature regenerator condenser cylinder (hereinafter referred to as a first upper cylinder) containing a low-temperature regenerator 6 and a first condenser 7, and 9 is a For example, a low heat source regenerator using a warm waste water of around 95 ° C. as a low temperature heat source, 10 is a condenser for the low heat source regenerator 9 (hereinafter referred to as a second condenser), and 11 is a low heat source regenerator 9 and a second heat source. A low heat source regenerator condenser body (hereinafter referred to as a second upper cylinder) containing the condenser 10, 12A is a low temperature heat exchanger, and 12B is a high temperature heat exchange. , 13 is a waste heat exchanger.
[0008]
2A is a rare absorption liquid reservoir formed in the lower part of the absorber 2, and the rare absorption liquid reservoir 2A and the gas phase portion of the low heat source regenerator 9 are provided with a rare absorption liquid having a rare absorption liquid pump P1 on the way. The pipe 14 is connected by piping. Further, the intermediate absorbing liquid reservoir 9A formed at the lower part of the low heat source regenerator 9 and the gas phase part of the high temperature regenerator 4 are connected by an intermediate absorbing liquid pipe 15 provided with an intermediate absorbing liquid pump P2 on the way. Yes.
[0009]
4A is an intermediate absorption liquid reservoir formed in the high temperature regenerator 4. The intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 4A and the gas phase portion of the low temperature regenerator 6 are connected to an intermediate absorption liquid pipe 16 provided with a high temperature heat exchanger 12B on the way. It is connected by piping. Moreover, the high temperature heat exchanger 12B inlet side of the intermediate absorption liquid pipe 16 and the gas phase part of the absorber 2 are connected by an intermediate absorption liquid pipe 16A having an on-off valve 16V on the way. The on-off valve 16V is closed during a chilled water supply operation in which chilled water is circulated to a load from a chilled / hot water pipe 25, which will be described later, to perform cooling or the like, and during hot water supply operation in which circulated hot water is supplied for heating or the like. The valve is opened.
[0010]
Further, the concentrated absorbent reservoir 6A formed in the lower part of the low-temperature regenerator 6 and the concentrated absorbent spraying device 2B provided in the gas phase part of the absorber 2 are concentrated absorption provided with a low-temperature heat exchanger 12A in the middle. Pipe connection is made by a liquid pipe 17.
[0011]
Further, the intermediate absorption liquid pipe 15A on the suction side of the intermediate absorption liquid pump P2 and the concentrated absorption liquid pipe 17A on the upstream side of the low-temperature heat exchanger 12A are connected by an absorption liquid pipe 18. And this absorption liquid piping 18 is installed in a level lower than the 1st upper trunk | drum 8, and even when a difference arises between the pressure in the 2nd upper trunk | drum 11 and the pressure in the 1st upper trunk | drum 8, each cylinder | tube. The gap can be U-sealed with an absorbing solution.
[0012]
Reference numeral 19 denotes a refrigerant vapor pipe extending from the gas phase portion of the high temperature regenerator 4 to the first upper body 8, and opens to the bottom of the first condenser 7 via the inside of the low temperature regenerator 6. The low-temperature regenerator 6 inlet side of the refrigerant vapor pipe 19 and the gas phase portion of the absorber 2 are connected by a refrigerant vapor pipe 20 having an on-off valve 20V in the middle. This on-off valve 20V is also closed during the cold water supply operation and closed during the hot water supply operation.
[0013]
Reference numeral 21 denotes a first refrigerant liquid pipe that pipe-connects the bottom of the first condenser 7 and the gas phase part of the evaporator 1, and a U seal portion 21 A is formed in the first refrigerant liquid pipe 21. Reference numeral 22 denotes a second refrigerant liquid pipe that pipe-connects the bottom of the second condenser 10 and the U seal portion 21 A of the first refrigerant liquid pipe 21. For this reason, the U-sealing portion 22 A is also formed in the second refrigerant liquid pipe 22 at the connection portion with the first refrigerant liquid pipe 21.
[0014]
Reference numeral 23 denotes a refrigerant liquid circulation pipe that connects the refrigerant liquid reservoir 1A of the evaporator 1 and the refrigerant spray device 1B, and a refrigerant liquid pump P3 is provided in the middle of the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe 23. Reference numeral 24 denotes a refrigerant liquid drain pipe connected between the refrigerant liquid reservoir 1 A and the rare absorption liquid reservoir 2 A, and an open / close valve 24 V is provided in the middle of the refrigerant liquid drain pipe 24. This on-off valve 24V is also closed during the cold water supply operation and opened during the hot water supply operation.
[0015]
Reference numeral 25 denotes a cold / hot water pipe composed of a cold / hot water pipe 25A, a cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B, and a cold / hot water pipe 25C, and is connected to an unshown cooling / heating load. Reference numeral 26 denotes a cooling water pipe. The cooling water pipe 26 passes from a cooling tower (not shown) through an absorber heat exchanger 26A, a first condenser heat exchanger 26B, and a second condenser heat exchanger 26C. A circulation path of cooling water returning to the cooling tower is formed.
[0016]
28 is a low heat source for sequentially supplying hot waste water of about 95 ° C., for example, cooling water of a generator (not shown) as a low-temperature heat source (hereinafter referred to as heat source hot water) to the waste heat heat exchanger 13 and the low heat source regenerator 9. Low heat source supply pipe 28A, connection pipe 28B, bypass pipe 28C, flow control valve 28D that is a three-way valve, low heat source heat exchanger 28E built in the low heat source regenerator 9, low heat source return pipe 28F, The bypass pipe 28G is composed of a flow control valve 28H that is a three-way valve.
[0017]
S1 is a temperature sensor which is installed in the cold / hot water pipe 25C, detects the temperature of the cold / hot water flowing through it, and outputs it to the controller C.
[0018]
In the single double-effect absorption chiller / heater having the above-described configuration, the open / close valves 16V, 20V, and 24V are closed, and the chilled water taken out by the evaporator 1 through the chilled / hot water heat exchanger 25B is circulated to the load through the chilled / hot water pipe 25C. Explaining the control such as cooling operation performed by supplying the flow rate control valves 28D and 28H of the low heat source supply pipe 28 to which the heat source hot water of about 95 ° C. is supplied so that the heat source hot water flows to the heat exchanger side. Adjusted.
[0019]
Further, cooling water is passed through the cooling water pipe 26, and the rare absorption liquid pump P1, the intermediate absorption liquid pump P2, and the refrigerant liquid pump P3 are activated, and the gas burner 5 is ignited. The thermal power of the gas burner 5, specifically, the amount of gas supplied to the gas burner 5, is cooled by the temperature of the cold water measured by the temperature sensor S1, that is, the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B in the evaporator 1, and the cold / hot water pipe 25C. The temperature of the cold water flowing out to the load and supplied to the load is controlled to a predetermined temperature, for example, 7 ° C.
[0020]
Explaining the behavior of the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid at this time, the refrigerant is fed from the dilute absorbing liquid reservoir 2A of the absorber 2 to the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper body 11 by the dilute absorbing liquid pump P1 through the rare absorbing liquid pipe 14. The diluted absorption liquid is heated by the heat source hot water supplied from the low heat source supply pipe 28 via the low heat source heat exchanger 28E, and evaporates and separates the refrigerant.
[0021]
The intermediate absorbing liquid whose concentration of the absorbing liquid is increased by evaporating and separating the refrigerant is heated by the intermediate absorbing liquid pump P2 through the intermediate absorbing liquid pipe 15 and the waste heat heat exchanger 13 and the high temperature heat exchanger 12B. And sent to the high-temperature regenerator 4.
[0022]
The intermediate absorption liquid sent to the high-temperature regenerator 4 is heated here by the flame of the gas burner 5 and the high-temperature combustion gas, and the refrigerant evaporates and separates. The intermediate absorption liquid whose concentration has been increased by separating the refrigerant in the high temperature regenerator 4 is sent to the low temperature regenerator 6 through the high temperature heat exchanger 12B in the same manner as the conventional double effect absorption chiller / heater. Then, the intermediate absorption liquid is heated by the refrigerant vapor sent through the refrigerant vapor pipe 19 in the low temperature regenerator 6, and further the refrigerant is separated and the concentration becomes higher, and this concentrated absorption liquid becomes the low temperature heat exchanger. It is sent to the absorber 2 through 12A and sprayed from the concentrated absorbent spraying device 2B.
[0023]
On the other hand, the refrigerant separated by the low heat source regenerator 9 is condensed by the second condenser 10, and the refrigerant separated by the low temperature regenerator 6 is condensed by the first condenser 7. Then, the refrigerant liquid flows from the first condenser 7 and the second condenser 10 to the evaporator 1 of the lower body 3 through the first refrigerant liquid pipe 21 and the second refrigerant liquid pipe 22, and the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe 23. By the operation of the pump P3, the refrigerant is sprayed from the refrigerant spray device 1B to the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B.
[0024]
The refrigerant liquid sprayed on the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B takes the heat of evaporation from the cold water passing through the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B and evaporates, so the cold water passing through the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B is cooled. Then, the cold water whose temperature has been lowered in this way is supplied to the load from the cold / hot water pipe 25C to perform cooling or the like.
[0025]
Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 1 enters the absorber 2, is supplied from the low temperature regenerator 6, and is absorbed by the concentrated absorbent liquid sprayed from the concentrated absorbent spraying device 2 B. It accumulates in the reservoir 2A and is sent to the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper cylinder 11 by the rare absorbent pump P1.
[0026]
In the single double effect refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant and the absorption liquid, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor S1 as described above, that is, the temperature is cooled by the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B in the evaporator 1, and is supplied to the cold / hot water pipe 25C. Heating amount by the gas burner 5 so that the temperature of the cold water flowing out and supplied to the load becomes a predetermined 7 ° C. , Ingredients Physically, the amount of gas supplied to the gas burner 5 is controlled.
[0027]
Even when the amount of heating by the gas burner 5 is minimized, when the temperature sensor S1 detects a temperature lower than a predetermined 7 ° C., the heating by the gas burner 5 is stopped and the operation of the intermediate absorbent pump P2 is also stopped. The flow rate control valve 28D is operated so that the heat source hot water supplied from the heat source supply pipe 28 does not go to the waste heat heat exchanger 13.
[0028]
The absorbing liquid in this case is heated only by the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper body 11 by the heat source hot water supplied from the low heat source supply pipe 28, and evaporates and separates the refrigerant here. Then, the intermediate absorption liquid whose concentration of the absorption liquid is increased passes through the intermediate absorption liquid pipe 15A, the absorption liquid pipe 18, the concentrated absorption liquid pipe 17A, the low-temperature heat exchanger 12A, and the concentrated absorption liquid pipe 17B, and then the concentrated absorption liquid spraying device. 2B is spread to the absorber heat exchanger 26A and returned to the absorber 2.
[0029]
On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor generated in the low heat source regenerator 9 enters the second condenser 10, condenses, flows into the evaporator 1 through the second refrigerant liquid pipe 22, and is supplied from the refrigerant spraying apparatus 1B to the cold / hot water heat exchanger. It is said that the cold water passing through the inside of the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B is cooled and evaporated, flows into the absorber 2 and is absorbed by the intermediate absorbent dispersed from the concentrated absorbent dispersion device 2B. The circulation is performed.
[0030]
In the single effect refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid, the temperature detected and output by the temperature sensor S1, that is, the temperature of the cold water cooled by the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B in the evaporator 1 and flowing out to the cold / hot water pipe 25C. Of the heat source in the low heat source regenerator 9, specifically, the amount of heat source hot water taken into the low heat source heat exchanger 28E from the low heat source supply pipe 28, that is, the opening degree of the flow control valve 28H. Is controlled.
[0031]
Even if the flow control valve 28H is operated so that the entire amount of the heat source hot water flowing through the low heat source supply pipe 28 flows to the low heat source heat exchanger 28E, it is cooled by the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B and flows out to the cold / hot water pipe 25C. When the chilled water does not fall to the predetermined 7 ° C., the high-temperature regenerator 4 is controlled to heat and generate the refrigerant by, for example, igniting the gas burner 5 as described above.
[0032]
That is, as the heat source for heating the absorption liquid and generating the refrigerant, the heat source hot water taken from the low heat source supply pipe 28 is used, and when it is insufficient, the gas burner 5 is used for heating. Fuel can be reduced. In addition, the heat source hot water supplied via the low heat source supply pipe 28 exchanges heat with the absorbing liquid at two locations of the waste heat heat exchanger 13 and the low heat source heat exchanger 28E, and heats the heat. The coefficient of performance was higher than that of a conventional apparatus that was configured to perform only once.
[0033]
When heating and the like is performed by circulatingly supplying hot water to the load from the cold / hot water pipe 25C, the on-off valves 16V, 20V, and 24V are opened without supplying the cooling water to the cooling water pipe 26, and the high temperature regenerator The high-temperature refrigerant vapor generated in 4 is guided to the lower body 3 through the refrigerant vapor pipe 19 and the refrigerant vapor pipe 20.
[0034]
And the water which flows through the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B is heated with this high-temperature refrigerant | coolant vapor | steam, and is supplied to load via the cold / hot water piping 25C. Then, the refrigerant liquid that is condensed by touching the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25 B is guided to the rare absorption liquid reservoir 2 A of the absorber 2 through the refrigerant liquid drain pipe 24.
[0035]
Also in this case, the heating power of the gas burner 5, specifically, the amount of gas supplied to the gas burner 5, is heated by the temperature of the hot water measured by the temperature sensor S1, that is, the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B in the evaporator 1, It is controlled by the controller C so that the temperature of the hot water flowing out to the cold / hot water pipe 25C and supplied to the load becomes a predetermined temperature, for example, 55 ° C.
[0036]
Even when the amount of heating by the gas burner 5 is minimized, when the temperature sensor S1 detects a temperature higher than a predetermined 55 ° C., the heating by the gas burner 5 is stopped and the operation of the intermediate absorbent pump P2 is also stopped. The flow control valve 28D is operated so that the heat source hot water supplied from the heat source supply pipe 28 does not go to the waste heat heat exchanger 13.
[0037]
In the circulation cycle of the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid, the temperature detected and output by the temperature sensor S1, that is, the temperature of the hot water heated by the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B in the evaporator 1 and flowing out to the cold / hot water pipe 25C is predetermined. The gas burner 5 is heated so that the temperature becomes 55 ° C.
[0038]
[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The single double-effect absorption chiller / heater illustrated in FIG. 2 also uses water as a refrigerant and a lithium bromide (LiBr) solution as an absorbent (solution), and the absorption chiller / heater shown in FIG. The difference from the heavy-effect absorption chiller / heater is that the second rare-absorption liquid pump is used instead of removing the intermediate absorption liquid pump P2 and the absorption liquid pipe 18 provided in the single double-effect absorption chiller / heater of FIG. P4 and the intermediate heat exchanger 31 are provided, and the difference from the single double-effect absorption chiller / heater shown in FIG. 1 will be mainly described.
[0039]
The second diluted absorbent pump P4 is installed in the diluted absorbent pipe 14A, the suction side of the diluted absorbent pump P4 is connected to the diluted absorbent reservoir 2A of the absorber 2 through the diluted absorbent pipe 14A, and the discharge side is It is connected to the gas phase part of the high temperature regenerator 4 through the low temperature heat exchanger 12A, the waste heat heat exchanger 13 and the high temperature heat exchanger 12B.
[0040]
The intermediate heat provided in the rare absorbent liquid pipe 14 for exchanging heat with the rare absorbent liquid that the rare absorbent liquid pump P1 sends from the rare absorbent liquid reservoir 2A of the absorber 2 to the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper body 11 The exchanger 31 has an intermediate absorption pipe connected to an intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 9A of the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper trunk 11 in the single double-effect absorption chiller / heater illustrated in FIG. The other end of the liquid pipe 15A is connected to the pipe, and the intermediate inlet pipe 15B is connected to the other inlet, and the concentrated absorbent spraying device for the absorber 2 from the low-temperature heat exchanger 12A through the intermediate absorbent pipe 15B. It is connected to the concentrated absorbent pipe 17B reaching 2B.
[0041]
Also in the single double-effect absorption chiller / heater shown in FIG. 2, the on-off valve 16V / 20V / 24V is closed and the chilled water taken out by the evaporator 1 through the chilled / hot water heat exchanger 25B In the cooling operation performed by circulatingly supplying the load to the load through the pipe 25C, the flow rate control valves 28D and 28H of the low heat source supply pipe 28 to which the heat source hot water of about 95 ° C. is supplied flow to the heat exchanger side. To be adjusted.
[0042]
Further, cooling water is passed through the cooling water pipe 26 to activate the rare absorbent pumps P1 and P4 and the refrigerant liquid pump P3, and the gas burner 5 is ignited. The thermal power of the gas burner 5, specifically, the amount of gas supplied to the gas burner 5, is cooled by the temperature of the cold water measured by the temperature sensor S1, that is, the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B in the evaporator 1, and the cold / hot water pipe 25C. The temperature of the cold water flowing out to the load and supplied to the load is controlled to a predetermined temperature, for example, 7 ° C.
[0043]
Explaining the behavior of the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid at this time, the refrigerant is fed from the dilute absorbing liquid reservoir 2A of the absorber 2 to the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper body 11 by the dilute absorbing liquid pump P1 through the rare absorbing liquid pipe 14. The diluted absorption liquid is heated by the heat source hot water supplied from the low heat source supply pipe 28 via the low heat source heat exchanger 28E, and evaporates and separates the refrigerant.
[0044]
The intermediate absorption liquid whose absorption liquid concentration has been increased by evaporating and separating the refrigerant passes through the intermediate absorption liquid pipe 15A, the intermediate heat exchanger 31, the intermediate absorption liquid pipe 15B, and the concentrated absorption liquid pipe 17B, and is then absorbed by the absorber 2 in a concentrated manner. The liquid spraying device 2B is sprayed to the absorber heat exchanger 26A together with the concentrated absorbent from the low-temperature regenerator 6 described later, and returned to the absorber 2.
[0045]
The dilute absorbent from the dilute absorbent pool 2A of the absorber 2 is supplied to the low-temperature heat exchanger 12A, the waste heat exchanger 13 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 12B via the dilute absorbent pipe 14A by the rare absorbent pump P4. The heat is exchanged and the temperature rises and is sent to the high-temperature regenerator 4 where it is heated by the flame of the gas burner 5 and the high-temperature combustion gas to evaporate and separate the refrigerant. The intermediate absorption liquid whose concentration has been increased by separating the refrigerant in the high temperature regenerator 4 is sent to the low temperature regenerator 6 through the high temperature heat exchanger 12B in the same manner as the conventional double effect absorption chiller / heater. Then, the intermediate absorption liquid is heated by the refrigerant vapor sent through the refrigerant vapor pipe 19 in the low temperature regenerator 6, and further the refrigerant is separated and the concentration becomes higher, and this concentrated absorption liquid becomes the low temperature heat exchanger. 12A is sent to the absorber 2 and sprayed from the concentrated absorbent spraying device 2B together with the intermediate absorbent from the low heat source regenerator 9.
[0046]
On the other hand, the refrigerant separated by the low heat source regenerator 9 is condensed by the second condenser 10, and the refrigerant separated by the low temperature regenerator 6 is condensed by the first condenser 7. Then, the refrigerant liquid flows from the first condenser 7 and the second condenser 10 to the evaporator 1 of the lower body 3 through the first refrigerant liquid pipe 21 and the second refrigerant liquid pipe 22, and the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant liquid circulation pipe 23. By the operation of the pump P3, the refrigerant is sprayed from the refrigerant spray device 1B to the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B.
[0047]
The refrigerant liquid sprayed on the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B takes the heat of evaporation from the cold water passing through the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B and evaporates, so the cold water passing through the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B is cooled. Then, the cold water whose temperature has been lowered in this way is supplied to the load from the cold / hot water pipe 25C to perform cooling or the like.
[0048]
Then, the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 1 enters the absorber 2, is supplied from the low temperature regenerator 6 and the low heat source regenerator 9, and is absorbed by the absorbing liquid sprayed from the concentrated absorbent spraying device 2B. Is stored in the rare absorbent reservoir 2A, sent again to the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper body 11 by the rare absorbent pump P1, and sent to the high temperature regenerator 4 by the rare absorbent pump P4.
[0049]
In the single double effect refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant and the absorption liquid, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor S1 as described above, that is, the temperature is cooled by the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B in the evaporator 1, and is supplied to the cold / hot water pipe 25C. Heating amount by the gas burner 5 so that the temperature of the cold water flowing out and supplied to the load becomes a predetermined 7 ° C. , Ingredients Physically, the amount of gas supplied to the gas burner 5 is controlled.
[0050]
Even when the amount of heating by the gas burner 5 is minimized, when the temperature sensor S1 detects a temperature lower than a predetermined 7 ° C., the heating by the gas burner 5 is stopped and the operation of the rare absorbent pump P4 is also stopped. The flow rate control valve 28D is operated so that the heat source hot water supplied from the heat source supply pipe 28 does not go to the waste heat heat exchanger 13.
[0051]
The absorbing liquid in this case is heated only by the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper body 11 by the heat source hot water supplied from the low heat source supply pipe 28, and evaporates and separates the refrigerant here. And the intermediate | middle absorption liquid with which the absorption liquid density | concentration became high passes the intermediate | middle absorption liquid piping 15A, the intermediate heat exchanger 31, the intermediate absorption liquid piping 15B, and the concentrated absorption liquid piping 17B, and the concentrated absorption liquid spreading | diffusion apparatus 2B of the absorber 2. To the absorber heat exchanger 26A and returned to the absorber 2.
[0052]
On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor generated in the low heat source regenerator 9 enters the second condenser 10, condenses, flows into the evaporator 1 through the second refrigerant liquid pipe 22, and is supplied from the refrigerant spraying device 1B to the cold / hot water heat exchanger. It is said that the cold water passing through the inside of the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B is cooled and evaporated, flows into the absorber 2 and is absorbed by the intermediate absorbent dispersed from the concentrated absorbent dispersion device 2B. The circulation is performed.
[0053]
In the single effect refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid, the temperature detected and output by the temperature sensor S1, that is, the temperature of the cold water cooled by the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B in the evaporator 1 and flowing out to the cold / hot water pipe 25C. Of the heat source in the low heat source regenerator 9, specifically, the amount of heat source hot water taken into the low heat source heat exchanger 28E from the low heat source supply pipe 28, that is, the opening degree of the flow control valve 28H. Is controlled.
[0054]
Even if the flow control valve 28H is operated so that the entire amount of the heat source hot water flowing through the low heat source supply pipe 28 flows to the low heat source heat exchanger 28E, it is cooled by the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B and flows out to the cold / hot water pipe 25C. When the chilled water does not fall to the predetermined 7 ° C., the high-temperature regenerator 4 is controlled to heat and generate the refrigerant by, for example, igniting the gas burner 5 as described above.
[0055]
That is, as the heat source for heating the absorbing liquid to generate the refrigerant, first, the heat source hot water taken in from the low heat source supply pipe 28 is used, and when this is insufficient, the gas burner 5 is used for heating, so the high temperature regenerator 4 The heat source hot water supplied via the low heat source supply pipe 28 exchanges heat with the absorbing liquid at two places, the waste heat heat exchanger 13 and the low heat source heat exchanger 28E. Since this is heated, the coefficient of performance is higher than that of the conventional apparatus configured to perform heat exchange only once.
[0056]
When heating is performed by supplying warm water to the load, the on-off valve 16V / 20V / 24V is opened without supplying the cooling water to the cooling water pipe 26, and the high temperature regenerator 4 The refrigerant vapor is guided to the lower body 3 through the refrigerant vapor pipe 19 and the refrigerant vapor pipe 20. In addition, the refrigerant vapor generated by the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper cylinder 11 enters the second condenser 10 and flows into the evaporator 1 through the second refrigerant liquid pipe 22. The water flowing in the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B is heated by the refrigerant heat flowing from the low heat source regenerator 9 and the high temperature regenerator 4, and supplied to the load via the cold / hot water pipe 25C. Then, the refrigerant liquid that is condensed by touching the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B is guided to the rare absorbing liquid reservoir 2A via the refrigerant liquid drain pipe 24 through the refrigerant liquid drain pipe 24.
[0057]
Also in this case, the heating power of the gas burner 5, specifically, the amount of gas supplied to the gas burner 5, is heated by the temperature of the hot water measured by the temperature sensor S1, that is, the cold / hot water heat exchanger 25B in the evaporator 1, The controller C controls the temperature of the hot water flowing out to the cold / hot water pipe 25C and supplied to the load to be a predetermined 55 ° C.
[0058]
By the way, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit described in the claims.
[0059]
For example, the cooling water pipe 26 may be piped so that the cooling water flows through the second condenser heat exchanger 26C, the absorber heat exchanger 26A, and the first condenser heat exchanger 26B.
[0060]
Further, the cooling water pipe 26 may be provided so that the cooling water flows through the second condenser heat exchanger 26C, the first condenser heat exchanger 26B, and the absorber heat exchanger 26A.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the single double-effect absorption chiller / heater of the present invention, since the warm wastewater used for cooling the generator and the like is used twice for heating the absorbent, the coefficient of performance is improved. Was planned.
[0062]
According to the absorption chiller / heater of claim 3, the temperature of the chilled / warm water that is taken out from the evaporator and is circulated to the load from the chilled / hot water pipe even when the load is small and the absorption liquid can be heated only by warm drainage. Easy adjustment.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a single double-effect absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a single double effect absorption chiller / heater according to claim 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Evaporator
1B Refrigerant spraying device
2 absorber
2A Rare absorption liquid reservoir
2B Concentrated absorbent spraying device
3 Lower body (Evaporator absorber body)
4 High temperature regenerator
6 Low temperature regenerator
7 First condenser
8 1st upper body (low temperature regenerator condenser body)
9 Low heat source regenerator
10 Second condenser
11 Second upper cylinder (low heat source regenerator condenser cylinder)
12A low temperature heat exchanger
12B high temperature heat exchanger
13 Waste heat exchanger
14 Rare absorbent piping
15 Intermediate absorbent piping
16 Intermediate absorbent piping
17 Concentrated absorbent piping
18 Absorption liquid piping
19 Refrigerant vapor piping
20 Refrigerant vapor piping
21 First refrigerant liquid piping
22 Second refrigerant liquid piping
23 Refrigerant liquid circulation piping
24 Refrigerant liquid drain piping
25 Cold and hot water piping
25B cold / hot water heat exchanger
25C cold / hot water piping
26 Cooling water piping
26A absorber heat exchanger
26B 1st condenser heat exchanger
26C second condenser heat exchanger
28 Low heat source supply piping
28A Low heat source supply pipe
28B Connecting pipe
28C Bypass pipe
28D Flow control valve
28E Low heat source heat exchanger
28F Low heat source return pipe
28G bypass pipe
29H Flow control valve
C controller
P1 rare absorbent pump
P2 Intermediate absorption pump
P3 Refrigerant liquid pump
S1 / S2 Temperature sensor

Claims

Accommodates an evaporator absorber cylinder containing an evaporator and an absorber, a low-temperature regenerator condenser cylinder containing a low-temperature regenerator and a condenser, and a low-heat source regenerator and condenser that uses hot wastewater as a low-temperature heat source. Low heat source regenerator condenser body, high temperature regenerator, low temperature heat exchanger, high temperature heat exchanger, rare absorption liquid pump and intermediate absorption liquid pump are connected by pipe connection A waste heat heat exchanger is provided on the inlet side of the high temperature heat exchanger of the intermediate absorption liquid pipe through which the intermediate absorption liquid pump for sending the intermediate absorption liquid to the high temperature regenerator through the heat heat exchanger is installed, and this waste heat heat exchanger The waste heat heat exchanger and the low heat source regenerator are capable of supplying to the low heat source regenerator the warm waste water discharged from the waste heat heat exchanger after exchanging heat with the intermediate absorption liquid in the waste heat heat exchanger Are connected by a low heat source supply pipe. Absorption chiller.

Accommodates an evaporator absorber cylinder containing an evaporator and an absorber, a low-temperature regenerator condenser cylinder containing a low-temperature regenerator and a condenser, and a low-heat source regenerator and condenser that uses hot wastewater as a low-temperature heat source. Single double-effect absorption consisting of a low heat source regenerator condenser body, a high temperature regenerator, a low temperature heat exchanger, a high temperature heat exchanger, an intermediate heat exchanger, and first and second rare absorption liquid pumps connected by piping. In the chiller / heater, the low-temperature heat exchanger and high-temperature heat of the rare-absorption liquid pipe intervening with the rare-absorption liquid pump that sends the rare absorption liquid from the absorber to the high-temperature regenerator through the low-temperature heat exchanger and high-temperature heat exchanger in this order. A waste heat heat exchanger is installed between the heat exchanger and the waste heat heat exchanger that is supplied to the waste heat heat exchanger, exchanges heat with the rare absorbent in the waste heat heat exchanger, and is discharged from the waste heat heat exchanger. The waste heat heat exchanger and the low heat source regenerator are connected to the low heat source supply pipe. Single double effect absorption chiller-heater, characterized in that the pipe connection Ri.

The first bypass pipe that bypasses the waste heat heat exchanger and the second bypass pipe that bypasses the low heat source regenerator are provided in the low heat source supply pipe, and the amount of warm waste water flowing through each bypass pipe is adjusted. A single-double-effect absorption chiller / heater according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a flow rate adjusting means.