JP3735161B2 - microscope - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a microscope, and more particularly, to an arrangement of an operation unit including a focusing handle and a stage handle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, the focusing handle of a microscope is arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to a mirror body. Compared to this, the arrangement of the stage handle varies with respect to the position of the focusing handle. Conventional Example 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the lens body 102, an objective lens 105 is mounted on the lower surface of the objective lens holding portion 102a via a revolver 104, and a lens barrel 107 having an eyepiece 106 is mounted on the upper surface. A stage 109 is mounted on the front surface portion 102b of the mirror body 102 via a stage receiver 108 so as to be movable up and down. A pair of focusing handles 101A and 101B are disposed on the left and right side surfaces of the mirror body 102, and are connected to a focusing mechanism (not shown). By operating the focusing handles 101A and 101B, the focusing mechanism is operated, the stage 109 is moved up and down, and the specimen S set on the stage 109 can be focused on the objective lens 105.
[0003]
Further, the stage 109 can be moved in two horizontal directions, the arrow X direction and the arrow Y direction, by operating the stage handle 103 connected to the stage 109, and the specimen S can be placed in the field of view. Here, the position of the stage handle 103 is arranged at the same height as the focusing handles 101A and 101B, and is moved toward the observer P in the horizontal plane so as to avoid interference with the focusing handle 101A. Being placed.
[0004]
Conventional Example 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. The basic configuration is the same as in Conventional Example 1, but focusing handles 101A and 101B are arranged closer to the observer P side than in Conventional Example 1. Therefore, in order to avoid interference between the focusing handle 101A and the stage handle 103, the stage 109 is extended in the left direction of the observer P, and the stage handle 103 is arranged.
[0005]
Conventional Example 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. Although the basic configuration is the same as that of the conventional example 2, the stage handle 103 is shortened to avoid interference with the focusing handle 101A. Further, unlike the conventional example 2, it is not necessary to extend the stage 109 in the left direction of the observer P, and the stage handle 103 is at the same position as the conventional example 1 on the horizontal plane.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above prior art has the following problems. In general, an observer of a microscope often operates a focusing handle with one hand and a stage handle with the other hand. That is, it is rare to operate both the focusing handle and the stage handle with only one hand. In the case of Conventional Example 1, as shown in FIG. 12, the observer P is in a state in which the positions of the left and right hands are shifted in the front-rear direction, resulting in a posture in which the body is slightly rotated. In clinical examinations and the like, observation is performed for about 100 specimens for 8 hours a day for a long time, and if observation is continued for a long time in this unnatural posture, there is a problem that the observer becomes extremely fatigued.
[0007]
Further, in the case of the conventional example 2, there is a problem that in this case as well, a slight rotation of the body occurs and an unnecessary overhang must be provided on the stage. Furthermore, in the case of Conventional Example 3, the body does not rotate, but the hand on the stage handle side must be held high and held in a hollow position, which also causes fatigue.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the problem of the invention according to claim 1, 2, or 3 is that even when observed for a long time, there is little fatigue and a natural posture can be maintained. A microscope having an operation unit is provided.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1, 2 or 3 includes a coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism mounted on a mirror body, and is movable up and down and horizontally with respect to the mirror body. A stage equipped with a stage, one of a pair of focusing handles for operating the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism protrudes from the side of the mirror body more than the other, and a stage for operating the stage. -The handle is disposed in the vicinity of the other of the focusing handle.
[0010]
According to the operation of the first, second, or third aspect of the invention, one of the pair of focusing handles that operate the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism is protruded from the side surface of the mirror rather than the other, and the stage that operates the stage is operated. -By disposing the handle in the vicinity of the other of the focusing handle, the focusing handle and the stage handle are arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the mirror body.
In the operation of the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the above-described operation, the position of one rear end of the pair of focusing handles and the position of the other front end are set substantially equidistant from the width center of the mirror body. Thus, a space for arranging the stage handle is secured at the other tip of the focusing handle.
In the operation of the invention according to claim 3, in addition to the above-described operation, one of the pair of focusing handles that protrude from the side surface of the mirror body rather than the other is configured by selectively attaching a detachable operation member. As a result, it is easy to change both left and right.
[0011]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1
1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 1 is a plan view of the microscope, FIG. 2 is a left side view of the microscope, and FIG. 3 is a coarse / fine motion concentric focus as seen from an arrow AA in FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view as seen from the arrow B in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the fine movement device, and FIG. 6 is a transverse view as seen from the arrow CC in FIG. FIG. 7 is a development view of the reduction gear mechanism.
[0012]
In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the lens body 32 is attached with an objective lens 35 via a revolver 34 on the lower surface of the objective lens holding portion 32 a and a lens barrel 37 with an eyepiece 36 on the upper surface. Yes. A stage 39 is mounted on the front surface portion 32b of the mirror body 32 through a stage receiver 38 so as to be movable up and down. A pair of left focusing handle 31A and right focusing handle 31B are disposed on the left and right side surfaces of the mirror body 32, and are connected to a coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism (not shown). By operating the left focusing handle 31A or the right focusing handle 31B, the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism is operated, the stage 39 is moved up and down, and the specimen S set on the stage 39 is moved to the objective lens 35. You can focus on it.
[0013]
Further, the stage 39 can be moved in two horizontal directions, the arrow X direction and the arrow Y direction, by operating the stage handle 33 connected to the stage 39, so that the specimen S can be placed in the field of view. Here, the position of the stage handle 33 is arranged at the same height as the left focusing handle 31A and the right focusing handle 31B, and in the horizontal plane, the left focusing handle 31A is avoided so as to avoid interference with the left focusing handle 31A. The focusing handle 31 </ b> A has a structure embedded in the left side surface 32 c of the mirror body 32.
[0014]
The coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism including the focusing handles 31A and 31B will be described. 3 and 4, the left side surface 32c of the mirror body 32 is provided with a countersink hole 32e having a size capable of accommodating the focusing handle 31A. The focusing handle 31B protrudes from the right side surface 32d of the mirror body 32 in the same manner as the conventional focusing handle. The positions of the focusing handles 31A and 31B are defined as follows, where a is the distance to the tip of the focusing handle 31A and b is the distance to the base of the focusing handle 31B with respect to the center m of the width W of the mirror body 32. = B and a + b is set slightly larger than the width W. The focusing handle 31 </ b> A is configured to be stored in the counterbore hole 32 e of the mirror body 32. The “center m of the width W of the mirror body 32” includes the meaning of the observation optical axis of the microscope or the center of the eyepiece. Further, “a = b” is not strict, and may be almost equal distance.
[0015]
On the other hand, the position of the stage handle 33 on the horizontal plane is on the extension of the axis of the focusing handles 31A and 31B, and the distance from the center m of the width W of the mirror body 32 to the left end of the stage handle 33 is determined. c, where d is the distance to the tip of the focusing handle 31B, c = d. The height of the stage handle 33 is also arranged so as to coincide with the extension of the axis of the focusing handles 31A and 31B, as shown in FIG. The stage handle 33 is configured such that the handle upper part 33a moves the stage 39 in FIG. 1 in the arrow Y direction and the handle lower part 33b moves in the arrow X direction.
[0016]
The focusing handles 31A and 31B are connected to a coarse / fine movement device 30 (described later in detail) attached to the mirror body 32 via a pinion bearing 7, and a central portion of the pinion bearing 7 is cut away to form a pinion 8a. Is exposed. The pinion 8 a meshes with the rack 3 via a first intermediate gear 23 and a second intermediate gear 24 pivotally attached to the mirror body 32. The pitch circle diameter of the second intermediate gear 24 is formed to be the same as the pitch circle diameter of the pinion 8a, and the pitch circle diameter of the first intermediate gear 23 is set by the distance between the rack 3 and the pinion 8a. And it is set larger than the pitch circle diameter of the second intermediate gear 24. In FIG. 3, the pinion 8a, the first intermediate gear 23, and the second intermediate gear 24 are drawn so as to be arranged on the same plane, but only the first intermediate gear 23 is actually above or below the plane of the drawing. It is arranged.
[0017]
The rack 3 is attached to a male race 2 of a guide mechanism including a male race 2, a female race 5, and a ball 6, and the female race 5 is fixed to a mirror body 32. A stage receiver 38 indicated by a two-dot chain line is attached to the male race 2 above the rack 3, and a stage 39 attached to the stage receiver 38 is moved up and down by the vertical movement of the rack 3. Yes.
[0018]
Next, details of the coarse / fine movement device 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 5, a pinion bearing 7 is fixed to the mirror body 32. A pinion shaft 8 is rotatably fitted to the pinion bearing 7, and a pinion 8a is formed at the center of the pinion shaft 8, and a gear 8b is formed at the right end. A connecting shaft 9 is provided in the inner hole of the pinion shaft 8, a coarse handle 10 is fixed to the left side of the connecting shaft 9 via a bearing 10 a, and a coarse handle 11 is provided on the right side thereof. It is rotatably attached to the pinion bearing 7 through 11a. Further, a fine movement shaft 12 is provided in the inner hole of the connecting shaft 9 and is rotatably incorporated in the connecting shaft 9 and the bearing 10a. A gear 12a is formed on the right side of the fine movement shaft 12, and fine movement handles 13 and 14 are fixed to both ends thereof. The coarse adjustment handle 10 and the fine adjustment handle 13 constitute a left focusing handle 31A, and the coarse adjustment handle 11 and the fine adjustment handle 14 constitute a right focusing handle 31B.
[0019]
A friction adjustment ring 15 is screwed to the right end of the pinion bearing 7 so that the rotational force of the bearing 11 a can be adjusted via a spring 16. Gear bearings 17 and 18 are integrally fixed to the coarse motion handle 11, and reduction gears 19, 20, and 21 are rotatably incorporated between the coarse motion handle 11 and the gear bearing 18, respectively. . As shown in FIG. 6, the reduction gears 19, 20, 21 are composed of large gears 19 a, 20 a, 21 a and small gears 19 b, 20 b, 21 b, and the large gear 19 a is formed on the fine movement shaft 12. The small gear 19b meshes with the gear 12a, the small gear 20b meshes with the large gear 20a, and the small gear 21b meshes with the gear 8b formed on the pinion shaft 8. The relationship between these gears is as shown in the development view of FIG. Further, a spring 22 is mounted between the fine movement handle 13 and the bearing 10 a while being fitted to the fine movement shaft 12, and a constant frictional rotational force is applied to the fine movement shaft 22.
[0020]
Next, the operation of the coarse / fine movement device 30 having the above configuration will be described first from the fine movement. When the fine movement handle 13 or 14 is rotated, the connecting shaft 12 and thus the gear 12a is rotated. This rotation is sequentially transmitted from the large gear 19a meshed with the gear 12a to the reduction gear 19-20-21, and the pinion shaft 8, that is, the pinion 8a is rotated through the gear 8b meshed with the small gear 21b. The stage 39 is moved up and down by a minute amount via the first intermediate gear 23, the second intermediate gear 24, the rack 3, the male race 2 and the stage receiver 38.
[0021]
In this case, a force to rotate the coarse motion handle 11 is applied, but the friction adjustment ring 15 gives the bearing 11a a friction force enough to overcome the weight of the stage portion. The stage 39 moves up and down without rotating. Further, since the weight of the stage portion (rack 3, male race 2, stage receiver 38 and stage 39) acts on the pinion shaft 8 as a rotational force, the rotational force is transmitted to each reduction gear, Moreover, since the rotational force is stopped by the frictional force applied to the fine movement shaft 12 by the spring 22, each gear is pressed to one side and meshed without backlash, and the fine movement handle is slightly rotated. The movement is also accurately transmitted as the vertical movement of the stage part.
[0022]
Next, coarse movement will be described. When the coarse movement handle 10 or 11 is rotated, a force to rotate is also applied to each reduction gear, but the force is reduced and transmitted, and a constant friction force is applied to the fine movement shaft 12. Therefore, the fine movement shaft 12 is not rotated at an increased speed, and the coarse movement handles 10 and 11 and the pinion shaft 8 rotate together, and the pinion 8a, the first intermediate gear 23, and the second intermediate gear 24 are rotated. The stage 39 is coarsely moved through the rack 3, the male race 2 and the stage receiver 38. Even in the case of this coarse movement, the weight of the stage portion always acts on each gear as a rotational force, so that accurate adjustment without backlash is possible.
[0023]
According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the focusing handle and stage handle operated with both hands are arranged symmetrically and at the same height with respect to the mirror, so that the observer can compare with the conventional microscope. It can be observed in a natural posture without rotating the body, and fatigue during long-time observation can be reduced. Furthermore, in the case of the focusing operation by fine movement in the first embodiment of the present invention, the fine movement handle on the stage handle side can be operated.
[0024]
In the first embodiment of the present invention, the stage handle is disposed on the left side, the left focusing handle is accommodated in the mirror body, and the right focusing handle protrudes from the mirror body. A stage handle may be provided on the right side, the right focusing handle may be accommodated in the mirror body, and the left focusing handle may be protruded from the mirror body. Further, although the focusing operation is transmitted between the pinion and the rack by two intermediate gears, the number of intermediate gears may be appropriately increased or decreased depending on the distance between the pinion and the rack. Further, in FIG. 3, the positions of the left focusing handle 31A, the right focusing handle 31B, and the stage handle 33 are set at the approximate center of the stroke in the arrow Y direction of the stage 39, but are frequently used (for example, It may be set at the center (the position of the circle shown by the broken line in FIG. 3) in the center of the single-sheet examination stage of the two-piece mirror stage), or between the circle shown by the broken line and the circle shown by the solid line in FIG. May be set.
[0025]
Second Embodiment of the Invention
8 to 9 show the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a plan sectional view of the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism when the stage handle is disposed on the left. FIG. 9 is the stage handle disposed on the right. It is a plane sectional view of the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism in the case of the above. The basic configuration of the microscope according to the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the first embodiment of the present invention. However, the coarse / fine adjustment device is provided with countersink holes on both side surfaces of the mirror body, and the right and left sides are different. It is characterized in that it can share Accordingly, since the same members as those in the first embodiment of the invention are used, only different portions will be described, and the same members will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
[0026]
In FIG. 8, counterbore holes 42e and 42f are formed in both side surfaces 42c and 42d of the mirror body 42 so as to accommodate the left focusing handle 41A and the right focusing handle 41B. When the stage handle 33 is disposed on the left side, the left focusing handle 41A is accommodated in the counter bore 42e, the right focusing handle 41B is disposed so as to protrude from the right side 42d, and the right focusing handle is disposed. 41B can be easily operated. As shown in FIG. 9, when the stage handle 33 is disposed on the right side, the right focusing handle 41B is accommodated in the counter bore 42f, and the left focusing handle 41A is projected from the left side surface 42c. The left focusing handle 41A can be easily operated.
[0027]
In addition, even if the left and right sides are changed, in order to share the coarse / fine movement device 40, the tooth width of the pinion 48a is set long, and regardless of which one is selected, the coarse / fine movement device 40 is moved left and right. The pinion 48a and the first intermediate gear 23 can be engaged with each other. Accordingly, the pinion bearing 47 for fixing the coarse / fine movement device 40 to the mirror body 42 is provided with a notch slightly wider than the tooth width of the pinion 48a.
[0028]
According to the second embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment of the present invention, the combination of the left and right stage handles can be handled by the same mirror body and the coarse / fine movement device. Reduce the number of types and make production management easier.
[0029]
Embodiment 3 of the Invention
10 to 11 show a third embodiment of the invention, FIG. 10 is a plan sectional view of a coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism, and FIG. 11 is a planar sectional view of a modification of the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism. The basic configuration of the microscope according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the first embodiment of the present invention. However, countersink holes are provided on both side surfaces of the mirror body, and an operation member is attached to the focusing handle. It is characterized in that you can freely change the hand. Accordingly, since the same members as those in the first embodiment of the invention are used, only different portions will be described, and the same members will be denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
[0030]
In FIG. 10, counterbore holes 52e and 52f are formed in both side surfaces 52c and 52d of the mirror body 52 so as to accommodate the left focusing handle 51A and the right focusing handle 51B. Regardless of the arrangement of the stage handle 33, the length of the coarse / fine adjustment device 50 is set so that the left focusing handle 51A can be accommodated in the countersink hole 52e and the right focusing handle 51B can be accommodated in the countersink hole 52f. As shown in FIG. 10, when the stage handle 33 is arranged on the left side, the coarse adjustment operation member 53 and the fine adjustment operation member 54 are attached to the right focusing handle 51B. The focusing operation is performed using the coarse operation member 53 and the fine operation member 54. Only one of the coarse movement operation member 53 and the fine movement operation member 54 may be used.
[0031]
In general, a knurling is often engraved on the outer periphery of the focusing handle so as to make it easy to rotate. Therefore, when the coarse operation member 53 and the fine operation member 54 are mounted on the outer periphery of the right focusing handle 51B, the inner shape of the coarse operation member 53 and the fine movement operation member 54 is set to the right focusing handle 51B. It is formed to match the outer knurled shape, and this is used as a detent. In addition, the coarse movement operation member 53 and the fine movement operation member 54 are formed of an elastic material such as rubber, and the inner diameter is set slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the right focusing handle 51B and is fitted using elasticity. It may be adopted.
[0032]
On the other hand, when the stage handle 33 is arranged on the right side, the coarse adjustment operation member 53 and the fine adjustment operation member 54 are attached to the left focusing handle 51A. Since the structure of the left focusing handle 51A is the same as that of the right focusing handle 51B, the coarse movement operation member 53 and the fine movement operation member 54 can be mounted by the same means as described above.
[0033]
According to the third embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the second embodiment of the present invention, it is not necessary to move the coarse / fine movement device even if the left and right sides are changed, so that it is extremely adaptable to the arrangement of the stage handle. It becomes easy.
[0034]
In the first to third embodiments of the present invention, the counterbore hole is formed in the mirror body. However, if the mirror body is formed thin, the mirror body as shown in FIG. A configuration similar to that of the third embodiment of the present invention can be provided without providing countersink holes in 62. In addition, in the first to third embodiments of the invention, a microscope having a focusing mechanism that moves the stage up and down is described as an example. However, the present invention is applicable to a microscope having a focusing mechanism that moves the objective lens up and down. Can be applied.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first, second, or third aspect of the invention, since the focusing handle and the stage handle are arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the mirror body, there is little fatigue even when observed for a long time. It is possible to provide a microscope including an operation unit that can maintain a proper posture.
According to the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the above effect, the space for arranging the stage handle is secured at the other tip of the focusing handle, so that the microscope can be made compact.
According to the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the above effects, it is easy to change the right or left, so that any person can use the microscope in an easy-to-use form.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a microscope according to a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the microscope according to the first embodiment of the invention.
3 is a plan sectional view of the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism as seen from the arrow AA in FIG. 2 of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
4 is a front view of the first embodiment as viewed from the arrow B in FIG.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the fine coarse motion apparatus of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the arrow CC in FIG. 5. FIG.
7 is a development view of the reduction gear mechanism according to the first embodiment of the invention. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a plan sectional view of the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism when the stage handle according to the second embodiment of the present invention is disposed on the left side;
FIG. 9 is a plan sectional view of a coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism when a stage handle according to a second embodiment of the present invention is disposed on the right side;
FIG. 10 is a plan sectional view of a coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a plan sectional view of a modification of the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a plan view of a microscope according to Conventional Example 1. FIG.
FIG. 13 is a left side view of a microscope according to Conventional Example 1.
14 is a plan view of a microscope according to Conventional Example 2. FIG.
FIG. 15 is a left side view of a microscope according to Conventional Example 2.
16 is a plan view of a microscope according to Conventional Example 3. FIG.
FIG. 17 is a left side view of a microscope according to Conventional Example 3.
[Explanation of symbols]
31A Left focusing handle 31B Right focusing handle 32 Mirror 33 Stage handle 39 Stage

Claims (3)

In a microscope equipped with a coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism mounted on a mirror body and a stage mounted to be movable in a horizontal direction with respect to the mirror body,
One of a pair of focusing handles for operating the coarse / fine movement coaxial focusing mechanism is protruded from the side surface of the mirror body more than the other, and a stage handle for operating the stage is disposed in the vicinity of the other of the focusing handles. A microscope characterized by being arranged in the above. 2. The microscope according to claim 1, wherein a position of one rear end of the pair of focusing handles and a position of the other front end are set to be substantially equidistant from the width center of the mirror body. The microscope according to claim 1, wherein one of the pair of focusing handles that protrude from the side surface of the mirror body rather than the other is configured by selectively attaching an detachable operation member.

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