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JP3735178B2 - Reduction method of Mn ore in converter - Google Patents
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JP3735178B2 - Reduction method of Mn ore in converter - Google Patents

Reduction method of Mn ore in converter Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3735178B2
JP3735178B2 JP08995597A JP8995597A JP3735178B2 JP 3735178 B2 JP3735178 B2 JP 3735178B2 JP 08995597 A JP08995597 A JP 08995597A JP 8995597 A JP8995597 A JP 8995597A JP 3735178 B2 JP3735178 B2 JP 3735178B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
quicklime
ore
blowing
slag
converter
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JP08995597A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH10265822A (en
Inventor
敏行 金子
昌光 若生
秀里 間渕
政宣 熊倉
雄一 広川
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、溶銑予備処理にて珪素および燐を除去した溶銑を、上吹き、上底吹き、底吹き等の転炉に装入し、精錬する際に、添加したMn鉱石を高歩留りで吹止めるための方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、溶銑予備処理技術の発展に伴い、転炉における精錬はレススラグによる脱炭吹錬が主流になっている。この中で、溶鋼へのMn添加方法は、従来行われていた精錬後に高価なFe−Mn系合金を使う方法に代わって、安価なMn鉱石を当該精錬中に添加して、溶融還元を行う方法が一般的となってきた。
【0003】
この、Mn鉱石を用いた吹止Mn向上対策としては、例えば、特開平6-116618号公報に見られるような、Mn鉱石の粉体を上吹きランスにより酸素ガスと共に上吹き火点部に吹き込み、Mn鉱石の溶解を促進する方法が提案されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
特開平6-116618号公報に示されている方法によると、その目的通りにMn鉱石を高温の火点を利用して完全溶融することは可能であるが、それが必ずしも吹止Mnの増大、すなわちMn歩留りの向上に繋がらないとの結論が、実機設備を用いた数多くの実験により判明した。
【0005】
したがって、従来の塊状Mn鉱石を投入する方法に対する優位性は全く認められず、単にMn鉱石を粉状に粉砕する費用が余分にかかるのみで、寧ろコスト的に不利になることが明白であった。
そこで、本発明は、Mn鉱石の還元歩留りを大幅に向上して、コストを大幅に低減することを課題とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、前記課題を解決するものであって、脱珪および脱燐処理した溶銑を転炉に装入して吹錬するに際して、Mn鉱石と生石灰を添加して該Mn鉱石を還元する方法において、10mm以上の塊状生石灰と、325mesh 以上、100mesh 以下の粉状生石灰を、塊状生石灰使用比率を全生石灰使用量に対して40%以下にして、粉状生石灰を溶鋼中またはスラグ中にO、CO等の酸化性ガス或いはAr、N等の不活性ガスと共に吹き込むと共に、塊状生石灰をスラグ浴上に投入することにより、吹止め後のスラグ中の未滓化生石灰の比率を20%以下にすることを特徴とする転炉におけるMn鉱石還元方法である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明者らは、転炉内にてMn鉱石を還元する操業を行った際に、吹錬前後のMnのマスバランスをとると常に不明分が生じることに注目し、その原因について検討した。
【0008】
先ず、不明分が吹錬後においても溶けきれずにスラグ中に残存した未溶解のMn鉱石かどうかを明らかにするため、前述の特開平6-116618号公報に示された方法と同様に、340t上底吹き転炉を用いて、粉状に粉砕したMn鉱石を、上吹きランスから酸素ガスと一緒に火点の中に吹き込んだ。その結果、Mn鉱石は完全に溶解したにも関わらず、吹錬前後のMnのマスバランスをとった所、依然不明Mn分が存在する事実が判明しただけでなく、Mn歩留りの向上そのものが全く見られなかった。
【0009】
そこで、本発明者らは、塊状のMn鉱石を使用して吹錬した後のスラグを採取し、詳細に調査した結果、スラグ中には未溶解のMn鉱石は全く認められず、Mn鉱石は吹錬中に完全に溶解することを確認した。
【0010】
一方、吹錬中に添加する塊状の生石灰の未溶解(以後、未滓化生石灰と記述する)は数多く認められた。
【0011】
本発明者らは、更にその未滓化生石灰をミクロ的に詳細に調査した所、未滓化生石灰に数多く存在する空隙の中に、(MnO) を高濃度含有するスラグが浸潤している事実を突き止めた。浸潤スラグの(MnO) 濃度は、未滓化生石灰部以外の滓化した部分のスラグに含まれる(MnO) 濃度より高かった。
これは、1600℃以上の高温状態での転炉スラグは、固体のカルシウムシリケート相(nCaO・mSiO2)と液相のMnO-FeO-MgO-CaO 相に分かれているため、後者のMnO を含む液相スラグのみが未滓化生石灰部の空隙に浸透していったものと考えられる。
【0012】
尚、塊状の生石灰を走査型顕微鏡で観察すると、石灰石を焼成して生石灰を作る際に、CO2 ガスが分解放出された跡と考えられる空隙が多数認められ、これが液体のスラグと接触すると、毛細管現象でスラグが未滓化生石灰の中に直ちに浸透していくものと推定される。
【0013】
このように、本発明者らは、転炉吹錬前後のMnバランス上の不明Mn分が、未溶解のMn鉱石によるものではなく、未滓化生石灰へのMnO 含有スラグの浸潤によることを確認した。すなわち、生石灰をいかに滓化させて未滓化生石灰を少ない状態にするかが重要な要因であることが判明した。
【0014】
次に、本発明者らは、340t上底吹き転炉でMn鉱石の還元吹錬を行ったチャージの吹止スラグ中の未滓化生石灰の比率とMn歩留りの関係を調べた。
ここで、未滓化生石灰比率は、次式により求めた。
{1−(分析CaO/SiO2 /設定CaO/SiO2 )}×100 (%) ・・(1)
ここで、設定CaO/SiO2 とは、吹錬中に転炉内に投入したCaOの重量を、溶銑の〔Si〕が酸化して生成するSiO2 の重量と吹錬中に投入される副原料中SiO2 の重量の総和で割った値である。
【0015】
この、未滓化生石灰の比率とMn歩留りの関係を調べた結果が、図1である。いずれのデータも、Mn鉱石投入量が20〜22kg/t,設定CaO/SiO2 が3.0〜3.2、吹止[C]=0.10〜0.13% のものである。
図から明らかなように、未滓化生石灰の比率が20%を超えると、Mn歩留りが急激に低下する。したがって、高Mn歩留りを確保するためには、未滓化生石灰の比率を20%以下に抑える必要がある。
【0016】
更に本発明者らは、上記した高Mn歩留りを確保するための目標である、未滓化生石灰比率20%以下にする手段について、上記340t上底吹き転炉を使って種々検討した。
先ず、325mesh (44 μm)以上、100mesh (149μm)以下の細粒粉状生石灰と100mesh より大きく、7mesh(2.83mm) 以下の粗粒粉状生石灰を種々の比率で溶鋼中またはスラグ中に添加して、吹錬後のスラグ中の未滓化生石灰量を調べた。
【0017】
その結果、図2に示すように、上記粗粒粉状生石灰の比率が全生石灰量の60%以下であれば、高いMn歩留りを得る目標である未滓化生石灰比率が20%以下になることが判明した。また、粉状の生石灰を搬送するキャリヤーガスとしては、O、CO、Ar、Nのいずれを使用しても、未滓化生石灰比率には大差がなく、また、粉状生石灰を溶鋼中とスラグ中のいずれの場所に添加しても、未滓化生石灰比率には大きな差は認められないことも判明した。
なお、325mesh 以上、100mesh 以下の細粒生石灰の比率が多いほど、すなわち図2のX軸の数値が小さいほど、未滓化生石灰比率が小さく良好となるのは、生石粒のサイズが小さいので、スラグに容易に溶解して未溶解を生じにくいためである。
【0018】
次に、10mm以上の塊状生石灰と325mesh 以上、100mesh 以下の粉状生石灰の使用比率を種々変えて炉内に添加して、吹錬後のスラグ中の未滓化生石灰量を調べた。なお、10mm以上の塊状生石灰は炉上ホッパーからスラグ浴上に投入し、粉状生石灰は、溶鋼中またはスラグ中に、O、CO、Ar、Nを搬送ガスとして吹き込んだ。
その結果を図3に示す。図から判るとおり、10mm以上の塊状生石灰の使用しても、その比率を全生石灰量の40%以下にすれば、高Mn歩留りを得るための目標の未滓化生石灰比率20%以下を達成することができる。
【0019】
また、図より、粉状生石灰の搬送ガスとしては、上記のいずれのガスを用いても、結果に大差は認められず、更に、溶鋼中に添加してもスラグ中に添加しても大きな差は認められない。
なお、図2および図3の実験における操業条件、すなわち、Mn鉱石投入量、設定CaO/SiO2 、吹止[C] 濃度等は、図1と同じ条件に揃えた。
【0020】
本効果は、上吹き転炉を用いても、上底吹き転炉を用いても、底吹き転炉を用いても、同様の効果を得ることができる。すなわち、粉状の生石灰を用いて、生石灰の滓化を促進し、無効なMn分を無くして高Mn歩留りを得る効果は、上記いずれも転炉を用いても享受できるものである。この、粉状の生石灰の添加方法としては、上吹きランスノズル、サブランスノズル、横吹きランスノズル、底吹きノズルのいずれかの単独使用あるいは併用でもかまわない。
【0021】
【実施例】
1.溶銑成分(溶銑予備処理にて脱珪, 脱燐処理した溶銑)
表1および表2に記す。
2.溶銑量
350t
3.転炉吹錬方法
送酸速度:75,000 (Nm3/hr)
4.生石灰投入時期
1)塊状生石灰:吹錬初期一括投入
2)粉状生石灰:吹錬初期に添加開始。鋼中[C]=0.5%に達する前に添加終了。
5.Mn鉱石投入時期
吹錬初期一括投入
6.Mn鉱石品位
T.Mn=48%
7.操業条件の詳細および結果
表1および表2に記す。
【0022】
【表1】

Figure 0003735178
【0023】
【表2】
Figure 0003735178
【0024】
表1は、本発明の実施例を示したものであり、いずれもMn歩留が72〜83% と高い値が安定して得られている。一方、表2は比較例である。表2の比較例1,2は、100mesh より大きく、7 mesh以下の粗粒粉状生石灰の比率が60% 以上で、未滓化生石灰比率が20% 以上となっているため、Mn歩留りが60〜62% と低い値となっている。また、比較例3,4,5は、10mm以上の塊状生石灰の使用比率が40% 以上で、未滓化生石灰比率が20% 以上となっているため、Mn歩留りが50〜53% と低い値にとどまっている。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、転炉でのレススラグによる脱炭吹錬(脱燐溶銑の吹錬)時にMn鉱石を投入してMn鉱石を還元する際、未滓化生石灰を減らして無効なMn分を低減することにより、転炉吹錬吹止め時に高いMn歩留りが得られるため、Fe-Mn 系合金の大幅削減によるメリットが享受出来ると同時に、生石灰原単位も削減出来るため、本発明がこの種の産業分野にもたらす効果は極めて大きい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】未滓化生石灰比率とMn歩留りの関係を示す図
【図2】粗粒粉状生石灰使用比率と未滓化生石灰比率の関係を示す図
【図3】塊状生石灰使用比率と未滓化生石灰比率の関係を示す図[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, when hot metal from which silicon and phosphorus have been removed by hot metal pretreatment are charged into a converter such as top blowing, top bottom blowing, bottom blowing, etc., and refined, the added Mn ore is blown at a high yield. It relates to a method for stopping.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, along with the development of hot metal pretreatment technology, decarburization blowing with less slag has become the mainstream for refining in converters. Among these, the Mn addition method to molten steel replaces the conventional method of using an expensive Fe-Mn alloy after refining and adds an inexpensive Mn ore during the refining to perform smelting reduction. The method has become commonplace.
[0003]
As a measure for improving blown Mn using Mn ore, for example, as seen in JP-A-61-161818, Mn ore powder is blown into the top blowing point with oxygen gas by an upper blowing lance. A method for promoting dissolution of Mn ore has been proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
According to the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-161818, it is possible to completely melt Mn ore using a high-temperature fire point as intended, but this necessarily increases the blowing Mn, That is, the conclusion that it does not lead to improvement in Mn yield was found by many experiments using actual equipment.
[0005]
Therefore, there was no advantage over the conventional method of charging the massive Mn ore, and it was obvious that the cost of simply crushing the Mn ore into powder was rather expensive and rather disadvantageous in terms of cost. .
Then, this invention makes it a subject to improve the reduction | restoration yield of Mn ore significantly, and to reduce cost significantly.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and a method of reducing Mn ore by adding Mn ore and quicklime when the molten iron subjected to desiliconization and dephosphorization treatment is charged into a converter and blown. In this case, the mass of quick lime of 10 mm or more and the amount of powdered quick lime of 325 mesh or more and 100 mesh or less are reduced to 40% or less with respect to the total amount of quick lime used, and the powder quick lime is added to O 2 in molten steel or slag. , By blowing together with an oxidizing gas such as CO 2 or an inert gas such as Ar, N 2, and the like, and by putting the bulk quicklime onto the slag bath, the ratio of undegraded quicklime in the slag after blowing is reduced to 20% It is the Mn ore reduction method in the converter characterized by the following.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The inventors of the present invention focused on the fact that an unknown amount always occurs when the mass balance of Mn before and after blowing is performed when the operation of reducing the Mn ore in the converter is carried out, and the cause was examined.
[0008]
First, in order to clarify whether or not the undissolved Mn ore remained in the slag without being melted even after blowing, in the same manner as the method disclosed in the above-mentioned JP-A-61-161618, Using a 340 t top-bottom converter, Mn ore pulverized into powder was blown into a hot spot together with oxygen gas from the top blowing lance. As a result, although the Mn ore was completely dissolved, the fact that the mass balance of Mn before and after blowing was balanced, not only the fact that there was still an unknown Mn content was found, but also the improvement in Mn yield itself was completely I couldn't see it.
[0009]
Therefore, the present inventors collected slag after blowing using massive Mn ore, and as a result of detailed investigation, no undissolved Mn ore was found in the slag. It was confirmed that it was completely dissolved during blowing.
[0010]
On the other hand, a large amount of undissolved bulk lime added during blowing (hereinafter referred to as undegraded quicklime) was observed.
[0011]
The present inventors further conducted a detailed microscopic examination of the unhatched quicklime, and found that slag containing a high concentration of (MnO) was infiltrated in the voids existing in many of the unhatched quicklime. I found out. The (MnO) concentration of the infiltrated slag was higher than the (MnO) concentration contained in the hatched slag other than the unhatched quicklime.
This is because the converter slag at a high temperature of 1600 ° C or higher is divided into a solid calcium silicate phase (nCaO · mSiO 2 ) and a liquid MnO-FeO-MgO-CaO phase. It is thought that only liquid phase slag penetrated into the voids of the unhatched quicklime.
[0012]
In addition, when observing massive quicklime with a scanning microscope, when calcining limestone to make quicklime, a large number of voids that are considered to have been decomposed and released of CO 2 gas are observed, and when this comes in contact with liquid slag, It is presumed that slag will immediately penetrate into unhatched quicklime due to capillary action.
[0013]
Thus, the present inventors confirmed that the unknown Mn content on the Mn balance before and after the converter blowing was not due to undissolved Mn ore, but due to the infiltration of MnO-containing slag into undegraded quicklime. did. That is, it was found that how to hatch quicklime to reduce the amount of unhatched quicklime is an important factor.
[0014]
Next, the present inventors investigated the relationship between the ratio of unconverted quicklime and the Mn yield in the blown slag of charge that was subjected to reduction blowing of Mn ore in a 340 t top bottom blowing converter.
Here, the unhatched quicklime ratio was calculated | required by following Formula.
{1- (Analysis CaO / SiO 2 / Setting CaO / SiO 2 )} × 100 (%) (1)
Here, the setting CaO / SiO 2 means the weight of CaO charged into the converter during blowing, the weight of SiO 2 produced by oxidizing the hot metal [Si], and the auxiliary weight charged during blowing. This is a value divided by the total weight of SiO 2 in the raw material.
[0015]
FIG. 1 shows the result of examining the relationship between the ratio of unhatched quicklime and the Mn yield. In any data, the Mn ore input amount is 20 to 22 kg / t, the set CaO / SiO 2 is 3.0 to 3.2, and the blowing stop [C] is 0.10 to 0.13%.
As is apparent from the figure, when the proportion of unhatched quick lime exceeds 20%, the Mn yield decreases rapidly. Therefore, in order to ensure a high Mn yield, it is necessary to suppress the ratio of unhatched quicklime to 20% or less.
[0016]
Furthermore, the present inventors have made various studies using the above-mentioned 340t top-bottom blow converter for the means for ensuring the high Mn yield as described above, which is a non-deciduous quicklime ratio of 20% or less.
First, fine powdered quicklime of 325mesh (44μm) or more and 100mesh (149μm) or less and coarse powdery quicklime larger than 100mesh and 7mesh (2.83mm) or less are added in various ratios in molten steel or slag. Then, the amount of unhatched quicklime in the slag after blowing was investigated.
[0017]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, if the ratio of the coarse pulverized quicklime is 60% or less of the total quicklime , the un hatched quicklime ratio, which is a target for obtaining a high Mn yield, is 20% or less. There was found. Moreover, as a carrier gas for conveying powdered quicklime, there is no great difference in the ratio of unhatched quicklime regardless of whether O 2 , CO 2 , Ar, or N 2 is used. It was also found that there was no significant difference in the ratio of unhatched quicklime regardless of where it was added in the slag.
In addition, the larger the ratio of fine-grained quicklime of 325mesh or more and 100mesh or less, that is, the smaller the X-axis numerical value in FIG. This is because it easily dissolves in the slag and hardly dissolves.
[0018]
Next, the use ratio of lump quicklime of 10 mm or more and powdery quicklime of 325 mesh or more and 100 mesh or less was variously added to the furnace, and the amount of unhatched quick lime in the slag after blowing was examined. In addition, the lump quick lime of 10 mm or more was thrown into the slag bath from the furnace hopper, and the powdery quick lime was blown into the molten steel or slag as carrier gas with O 2 , CO 2 , Ar, and N 2 .
The result is shown in FIG. As can be seen from the figure, even if massive quicklime of 10 mm or more is used, if the ratio is made 40% or less of the total quicklime , the target ratio of undegraded quicklime for obtaining a high Mn yield is 20% or less. be able to.
[0019]
In addition, from the figure, as the carrier gas for powdered quicklime, no significant difference is observed in the results regardless of which of the above gases is used, and there is a great difference whether it is added to molten steel or slag. It is not allowed.
The operating conditions in the experiments of FIGS. 2 and 3, that is, the amount of Mn ore input, the set CaO / SiO 2 , the blowing [C] concentration, and the like were set to the same conditions as in FIG.
[0020]
This effect can be obtained by using the top blowing converter, the top bottom blowing converter, or the bottom blowing converter. That is, the effect of promoting the hatching of quick lime using powdery quick lime, eliminating the ineffective Mn content, and obtaining a high Mn yield can be enjoyed using any of the above converters. As a method for adding the powdered quicklime, any one of top blowing lance nozzle, sub lance nozzle, side blowing lance nozzle, and bottom blowing nozzle may be used alone or in combination.
[0021]
【Example】
1. Hot metal components (hot metal desiliconized and dephosphorized by hot metal pretreatment)
It describes in Table 1 and Table 2.
2. Hot metal amount 350t
3. Converter Blowing Method Acid Feeding Rate: 75,000 (Nm 3 / hr)
4). Quick lime input timing 1) Bulk quick lime: initial batch blowing 2) Powdered quick lime: Addition started early in blowing. Addition finished before reaching [C] = 0.5% in steel.
5). 5. Mn ore charging time Blowing initial batch charging 6. Mn ore grade Mn = 48%
7). Details of operating conditions and results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
[0022]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003735178
[0023]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003735178
[0024]
Table 1 shows examples of the present invention, and in all cases, a high Mn yield of 72 to 83% was stably obtained. On the other hand, Table 2 is a comparative example. In Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in Table 2, the ratio of coarse powdered quicklime of greater than 100 mesh and 7 mesh or less is 60% or more, and the ratio of unhatched quicklime is 20% or more, so the Mn yield is 60 It is a low value of ~ 62%. Further, in Comparative Examples 3, 4 and 5, the use ratio of lump quick lime of 10 mm or more is 40% or more, and the ratio of unhatched quick lime is 20% or more, so the Mn yield is a low value of 50 to 53%. Stays on.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, when reducing Mn ore by introducing Mn ore at the time of decarburization blowing (less phosphorus removal hot metal blowing) with less slag in the converter, the unoxidized quick lime is reduced to reduce the invalid Mn content. By reducing this, a high Mn yield can be obtained at the time of blowing the converter, so that the benefits of a significant reduction in Fe-Mn alloys can be enjoyed, and at the same time, the basic unit of quick lime can be reduced. The effect on the industrial field is extremely large.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] A diagram showing the relationship between the unhatched quicklime ratio and the Mn yield. [Fig. 2] A diagram showing the relationship between the coarse powdered quicklime usage rate and the unhatched quicklime usage rate. [Fig. The figure which shows the relationship of the quicklime ratio

Claims (1)

脱珪および脱燐処理した溶銑を転炉に装入して吹錬するに際して、Mn鉱石と生石灰を添加して該Mn鉱石を還元する方法において、10mm以上の塊状生石灰と、325mesh 以上、100mesh 以下の粉状生石灰を、塊状生石灰使用比率を全生石灰使用量に対して40%以下にして、粉状生石灰を溶鋼中またはスラグ中にO、CO等の酸化性ガス或いはAr、N等の不活性ガスと共に吹き込むと共に、塊状生石灰をスラグ浴上に投入することにより、吹止め後のスラグ中の未滓化生石灰の比率を20%以下にすることを特徴とする転炉におけるMn鉱石還元方法。 In the method of adding Mn ore and quick lime to reduce the Mn ore when charging the degassed and dephosphorized hot metal into the converter, in the method of reducing the Mn ore, 10mm or more massive quick lime, 325mesh to 100mesh In the powdered quicklime, the bulk quicklime use ratio is 40% or less with respect to the total quicklime usage , and the powdered quicklime is oxidized in molten steel or slag, such as O 2 , CO 2 or other oxidizing gas, Ar, N 2 etc. Mn ore reduction in a converter , characterized in that the ratio of unoxidized quicklime in the slag after blowing is reduced to 20% or less by blowing together with an inert gas of Method.
JP08995597A 1997-03-26 1997-03-26 Reduction method of Mn ore in converter Expired - Fee Related JP3735178B2 (en)

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