JP3735532B2 - Segment ring for shield construction - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multi-segment segment ring, a segment, and an inter-ring joint used for tunnel lining by a shield method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a segment ring for shield construction, a three-segment segment ring integrated with a three-hinge structure is known to form an internally stable shield lining. Further, the shield method using the three equally divided segment rings has been widely used as an economical construction method for small-diameter tunnels.
[0003]
As a method of assembling this three-hinge structure / three equally-divided segment ring in a small-diameter shield machine, as shown in FIG. 10, the segments 51, 52, 53 and ground 54 constituting the lining are provided. First, the segment 51 is set, and then the segment 52 is retracted to the ground using the clearance and set so that the segment 53 can be set. A method is adopted in which the segments 52 and 53 are assembled and set at a predetermined position by rotating the segment 52 inward.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the above-described conventional three-hinge structure and three equally divided segment rings, the excavation section by the shield machine is made larger than the outer shape of the segment ring for the reasons described above, and the clearance between each segment and the ground is increased. Therefore, there is a problem that the backfill material to be filled in the clearance is larger than the excavated cross section. For this reason, it is easily affected by the quality of the backfilling material and the construction accuracy, and there is a possibility that the ground surface may be depressed. In addition, the ratio of the back-filling material cost to the total construction cost increases. In addition, there is a problem that the three-divided type has a limit in the tunnel diameter due to the size of one segment piece and cannot be applied to a large-diameter shield tunnel.
[0005]
In addition, in the shield method, rails for the transport carriage used for construction are laid at the bottom of the constructed segment ring, but there are problems such as troublesome rail installation and removal work. is there. Furthermore, although it is necessary to install a pipe such as a wind pipe in the constructed segment ring, there is a problem that it takes time to install and remove the pipe.
[0006]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is to reduce the clearance between each segment and the ground when the segment is set, and further to a large-diameter shield tunnel. It can be applied, and it is possible to omit the installation / removal work of the rail of the transport carriage and the installation / removal work of the wind pipe, etc., and the rings are simply and firmly joined by simple and inexpensive members. It is to provide a shielded segment ring, a segment and a joint between rings.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The segment ring for shield construction according to claim 1 of the present invention is an n-hinge structure segment formed by joining three or more n segments constituting the lining ring in the circumferential direction with n hinge structures. In the ring, at least one segment of n segments is divided into m segments (m> n) in the circumferential direction, and one of the segment segments is inclined with respect to the ring axis direction. It is composed of a key segment having a joint surface on one side and a segment of one side slope surface having a slope joint surface joined to the slope joint surface, and the key segment is inserted between the segments from the ring axis direction, and the key segment and the one side slope Rigidly join the slanted joint surfaces of the surface segments with connecting fittings, join n joints of m joints with hinge structure, etc. A segment ring of n pieces of n hinge structures formed by rigidly joining the joints of the above with connecting metal fittings is formed .
[0008]
That is, for example, in the case of a three-hinge structure with good structural stability in an annular structure, the segment is divided into four, five, etc., one of these segments is the key segment, and in the case of four divisions, the key segment and the key The segment to be joined to the segment with the inclined joint surface is rigidly joined with the connecting bracket, and in the case of five divisions, the remaining normal segments are also rigidly joined to each other with the joint bracket that is parallel to the tunnel axis direction. A ring for lining with a three-hinge structure (a structure in which the plan view is parallel to the tunnel axis direction and the front view is an uneven shape and transmits only shearing force) is formed. The segment is not limited to the three-hinge structure, and the segment can be divided into m (> n) by n hinge structures, for example, a five-segment structure, a six-segment structure, and the like.
[0009]
After setting the segment other than the key segment first, the key segment is inserted from the tunnel axis direction, so that a multi-hinge structure lining ring can be formed without using the clearance between the ground and the segment as in the past. It can be formed, and by reducing the clearance, the filling amount of the backfilling material can be reduced. In addition, in the 4 split 3 hinge structure (mini shield tunnel), there is a limit to the tunnel diameter due to the size of 1 segment piece. For example, the 5 split 3 hinge structure can be applied to a large diameter shield tunnel. It becomes.
[0010]
The segment ring for shield construction according to claim 2 of the present invention is the segment ring according to claim 1, wherein the bottom segment is an inverted segment. The horizontal and flat upper surface of the invert segment can improve the workability and safety of internal work, and also enables rail installation and the like. In addition, by providing a slight inclination in the width direction (the direction perpendicular to the tunnel axis) on the upper surface of the invert segment, the water of the invert surface can be allowed to flow into a groove described later.
[0011]
The segment ring for shield construction according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the segment ring according to claim 2, a groove extending in the ring axis direction (tunnel axis direction) is formed in the upper part of the invert segment. . One groove may be provided at the center, or a plurality of grooves may be provided at intervals on the left and right. When a plurality of segment rings are joined by an inter-ring joint, a continuous groove is formed in the tunnel axis direction, and this groove can be used as a guide for traveling the carriage for construction. Instead, it can also be used for walking on pipelines and running of management machinery in maintenance after operation. Furthermore, by adjusting the gradient in the tunnel axis direction with a mortar or the like, the groove can be used as a drainage groove at the time of construction or maintenance after use. Similarly, gradient adjustment can be applied to the upper surface of the invert segment using mortar or the like. By using such an inverted segment, a drainage function can be easily added.
[0012]
The segment ring for shield construction according to claim 4 of the present invention is the segment ring according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein a space extending in the ring axis direction (tunnel axis direction) is formed inside the inverted segment. It is characterized by. When multiple segment rings are joined by an inter-ring joint, a space continuous in the tunnel axial direction is formed, and this space can be used for wind pipes during construction. Can be used.
[0013]
The segment ring for shield construction according to claim 5 of the present invention is the segment ring according to claim 2, wherein secondary lining concrete is integrally formed on the inner surface of the invert segment, and the axial direction of the ring is formed inside the invert segment. A groove or a space extending in the space is formed. By increasing the segment thickness of the invert segment, the aforementioned groove (guide groove, drainage groove, etc.) and space (wind pipe, etc.) can be easily formed. At the same time, the construction of the secondary lining concrete after assembling the conventional segment can be omitted, and the secondary lining concrete with a predetermined thickness is formed integrally with the normal segment thickness considering the covering of the reinforcing bars. Therefore, it will be possible to repair by scraping in the future. In addition, since such a segment is an integrated factory product, the quality and accuracy are good, so the secondary lining portion can be made thin and the tunnel outer diameter can be made small.
[0014]
The segment ring for shield construction according to claim 6 of the present invention is the segment ring according to claim 1, wherein the secondary lining concrete is integrally formed on the inner surface of the segment and extends in the ring axial direction inside the segment. An existing space is formed. By increasing the segment thickness of each divided segment, the above-described space (wind pipe or the like) can be easily formed. At the same time, the construction of the secondary lining concrete after assembling the conventional segment can be omitted, and the secondary lining concrete with a predetermined thickness is formed integrally with the normal segment thickness considering the covering of the reinforcing bars. Therefore, it will be possible to repair by scraping in the future. In addition, since such a segment is an integrated factory product, the quality and accuracy are good, so the secondary lining portion can be made thin and the tunnel outer diameter can be made small.
[0015]
The segment ring for shield construction according to claim 7 of the present invention is the segment ring according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the segment rings are arranged at both ends. It is characterized by being joined by an inter-ring joint composed of a cylindrical member inserted into the mounting hole and a diameter-expanding member which is driven into both end portions of the cylindrical member and expands both end portions. If a cylindrical member having an enlarged member at both ends is set in advance in a segment ring that has already been assembled or a segment ring that will be assembled next, the enlarged members at both ends will become cylindrical due to the reaction force of the propulsion jack of the shield machine. It is driven into the shaped member, and the segment rings are firmly fixed. This ring-to-ring joint can be a modified version of a general-purpose drive-in anchor metal fitting, and the ring-to-ring joint can be made inexpensive and fixed by a propulsion jack of a shield machine. The joining work becomes extremely easy. The joint between the rings may be a joint where the segment pieces are continuous in the tunnel axis direction, or a staggered group where the joint part between the segment pieces is shifted in the tunnel axis direction.
[0016]
The segment ring for shield construction according to claim 8 of the present invention is the segment ring according to claim 7, wherein the segment rings are fitted to each other with irregularities (mortises and mortises) at the portion where the inter-ring joint is installed. It is characterized by. A large shear force transmission function can be secured between the rings.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiments. This embodiment is an example of a shield segment ring of a 3 hinge 4 split type (or 5 split type). In the illustrated example, the mini shield segment is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to a medium / large shield segment and a segment ring with n hinges divided into m pieces (n <m).
[0023]
FIG. 1 shows a front view and a plan view of a three-shield, four-divided mini-shield segment ring. This segment ring 1 is divided into four segment pieces, and an invert segment 2 (A1 type for the bottom). ), A standard segment 3 (A2 type) for the left and right side walls, a segment 4 (B type) having one inclined surface, and a key segment 5 (K type) for the top portion. Are in contact with each other by an inclined surface 11 and rigidly joined by an inter-segment joint 12, and the three invert segments 2, the integrated segments 4 and 5, and the segment 3 are joined to each other by a hinge structure 10.
[0024]
In the case of the 3 hinge 5 divided type, for example, the standard segment 3 (A2 type) portion is divided into 2 as shown by a two-dot chain line (in the figure, the length of the segment 3 is short but the segment ring is actually The two segments are joined at a joint surface parallel to the tunnel axis direction, and are rigidly joined by the inter-segment joint 12 to be integrated.
[0025]
The hinge structure 10 is a structure in which the joint surface is formed in parallel with the tunnel axis direction and is joined in an uneven shape when viewed from the front, and is configured to transmit only shear. Figure 6 shows an example of a hinge structure, a convex portion 10a having a radius R ₁ of the arc surface formed on the joining end face of one of the segments, the radius is formed on the joint end face of the other segment R _The concave strip portion 10b having an arc surface with a radius R ₂ slightly larger than ₁ is rotatably fitted.
[0026]
Further, these ridges 10a and dents 10b are arranged so as to be deviated to the outer surface side of the segment ring, and a substantially triangular gap is formed between the bonding surfaces on the outer surface side so as to be rotatable. A rectangular gap is formed between the joint surfaces on the inner surface side, and the caulking material 13 is filled in the gap on the inner surface side to provide a seal. In addition, this caulking material 13 can be affixed on the joint surface of one segment beforehand.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 1, the inclined surfaces 11, 11 that can contact each other at the joint between the key segment 5 and the segment 4 are inclined at an appropriate angle α with respect to the tunnel axial direction, Is inclined at an appropriate angle β, and can be inserted and attached to the set segments 3 and 4 from the face side in the tunnel axis direction.
[0028]
The inter-segment joint 12 provided on the inclined surface 11 is not exposed from the inner surface of the segment. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a female joint 12a having a circular arc cross section disposed in the center of the inclined surface 11 in the tunnel axis direction and the segment plate thickness direction, and a male joint that can be inserted into this from the tunnel axis direction. It comprises a mold joint 12b. The inter-segment joint 12 is not limited to this, and may be a system in which joint plates embedded on the inner surface side of the segment are fastened with bolts.
[0029]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the back-filling material injection hole 14 is previously formed in the center in the plan view in each of the above segments 2 to 5, and the segments adjacent to each other in the tunnel axis direction are Rigidly joined by the inter-ring joint 20. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the rings are joined in a staggered pattern in which the hinge joints of the segment pieces are displaced in the tunnel axis direction. It can be spliced.
[0030]
FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show an example of the inter-ring joint 20. In FIG. 7, a modified type of anchor that is widely used is used, and a cylindrical member (insert hardware) 21 having slits formed at both ends, and the cylindrical member 21 is driven at both ends. The ring-to-ring joint 20 is composed of a diameter-enlarging member (wedge metal) 22 whose diameters can be expanded at both ends.
[0031]
An attachment hole 23 into which the inter-ring joint 20 can be inserted and attached is provided in advance in the center of the joining end surface of the segment to be joined. For example, one of the inter-ring joints 20 is inserted into the attachment hole 23 of the segment that has been set. Insert and attach the end, insert the other end of the inter-ring joint 20 into the mounting hole 23 of the segment to be set next, and push the segment with the propellant jack of the erector and shield machine, The diameter expansion members 22 at both ends are pushed into the cylindrical member 21 and the diameters of both ends of the diameter expansion member 22 are increased, so that the segment rings are firmly joined.
[0032]
In FIG. 7 (b), a tenon 24 and a tenon hole 25 which are fitted to each other are formed at a portion to which the inter-ring joint 20 is attached, thereby increasing the shear force transmission function in the radial direction of the tunnel cross section. Further, a reinforcing metal piece 26 is interposed between the tenon 24 and the tenon hole 25 to reinforce the uneven portion. That is, when the segment girder height is small, the concavo-convex portion is made as small as possible for reinforcement.
[0033]
FIG. 8 shows an example in which the inter-ring joint 20 is constituted by a male joint 27 and a female joint 28, and the male joint 27 is inserted into the female joint 28 and fitted into a female claw member 29. In addition, a large shear force transmission function can be secured.
A circumferentially continuous seal groove 15 is formed on the joint end surface of the segment ring 1, and a water-stop seal material is accommodated in the seal groove 15 and is crimped by jack force of a shield machine. The water is stopped between the rings.
[0034]
In the above configuration, when assembling, first, the invert segment 2 is set, then the segments 3 and 4 are set on both the left and right sides of the invert segment 2, and each of the segments 2 to 4 is pushed in by an erector and a propulsion jack. The ring-to-ring joint 20 is fixed to the segment ring that has already been constructed in the previous process. Next, the key segment 5 is inserted by inserting it from the tunnel axis direction between the segments 3 and 4 which have been set. This key segment 5 is also fixed to the segment ring that has already been constructed in the previous process. Thereafter, the key segment 5 and the segment 3 are rigidly joined by the inter-segment joint 12.
[0035]
The segment ring 1 is a 4-split type (or a 5-split type). However, since the segment 3 and the key segment 5 are integrated by rigid joining, the segment ring 1 behaves as an internally stable ring as a 3 hinge segment ring. become. In addition, in the four-segment three-hinge, the tunnel diameter is limited due to the size of one segment piece, but the three-hinge structure of five or more segments can be applied to a large-diameter shield tunnel.
[0036]
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the invert segment 2 has a thick plate portion 30 having a horizontal surface 30 a on the upper surface, and a groove 31 that can continue in the tunnel axis direction is formed in the center of the thick plate portion 30 in advance. Form it. The horizontal surface 30a is used as a rolling surface of the tire of the transport carriage 32, and the guide member 32a with a horizontal roller of the transport carriage 32 is inserted into the groove 31 to be guided and supported. The carriage 32 can be automatically driven. In the case of a large shield segment, two grooves 31 can be arranged in parallel and used for the forward path and the return path.
[0037]
In addition, in the sewer, etc., the slope in the tunnel axis direction is adjusted to the upper surface of the invert segment 2 and the groove 31 with mortar or the like, thereby forming a continuous gradient in the tunnel axis direction and preventing water from collecting. it can. In addition, by forming a slight inclination in the direction perpendicular to the tunnel axis toward the groove 31 on the upper surface of the invert segment 2, the water on the upper surface of the invert segment can flow into the groove 31.
[0038]
Further, in the thick plate portion 30 of the invert segment 2, an insertion hole 33 that can continue in the tunnel axis direction is formed in advance. This insertion hole 33 can be formed by embedding a pipe on both sides of the groove 31 when the segment is manufactured, used as a wind pipe or the like at the time of construction, and used for arranging a cable or the like after completion. To do.
[0039]
Further, secondary lining concrete is integrally formed on the inner surface of the invert segment 2 and each of the segments 3 to 5, and in the invert segment 2, a groove 31 and an insertion hole 33 are easily formed as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the insertion holes 33 can be easily formed in the other segments 3 to 5 as well.
[0040]
For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the secondary lining concrete of a predetermined thickness is secured to the primary lining concrete portion 40 of the segments 2 to 5 while ensuring the covering of the reinforcing bars 40a and giving the predetermined strength. The part 41 is formed integrally. For example, the primary lining concrete portion 40 is set to 100 mm, the secondary lining concrete portion 41 is set to 50 mm, and these are integrally formed using a forming mold having an inner dimension of 150 mm.
[0041]
By forming such a secondary lining concrete part integrally, the conventional secondary lining work can be omitted. Further, since the conventional secondary lining has a small covering of the reinforcing bar, it cannot be repaired by scraping, but in the present invention, the thick secondary lining concrete part 41 with respect to the primary lining concrete part 40 in which the covering of the reinforcing bar is secured. Since it is integrally formed, it will be possible to repair by scraping in the future. In addition, between the primary lining concrete part 40 and the secondary lining concrete part 41, it is also possible to embed a release material such as a sheet or a release agent during molding. In addition, since such a segment is an integrated factory product, the quality and accuracy are good, so the secondary lining portion can be made thin and the tunnel outer diameter can be made small.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention consists of the above structures, there exist the following effects.
(1) After setting a segment other than the key segment first, insert the key segment from the tunnel axis direction, for example, to divide the segment into four parts without using the clearance between the ground and the segment as in the past. A lining ring having a three-hinge structure can be formed with five or more divisions, and the amount of backfilling material can be reduced by reducing the clearance. As a result, the construction cost can be greatly reduced, the influence of the backfilling material on the quality and construction accuracy can be reduced, and the quality and construction accuracy can be improved. Further, for example, if the segment is divided into five or more by three hinges, a three-hinge structure or the like can be applied to a large-diameter shield tunnel.
[0043]
(2) If the bottom segment is an inverted segment, the workability and safety of internal work can be improved due to the horizontal and flat surface, and rail installation and the like are also possible. Further, it is possible to easily adjust the gradient in the tunnel axis direction for drainage and the direction perpendicular to the tunnel axis.
[0044]
(3) If a groove is provided in the upper part of the invert segment, this groove can be used as a guide for the transportation cart during the construction, and the installation of rails can be omitted, shortening the construction period and cost. Reduction can be achieved. Moreover, this groove | channel can also be utilized as a drainage groove | channel at the time of construction and the maintenance management after service.
[0045]
(4) If a space is formed inside the invert segment, this space can be used for wind pipes etc. during construction, and after completion, it can be used for installation of cables and other purposes. This eliminates the trouble of installing wind pipes, cables, etc. in the segment ring, and shortens the construction period and costs.
[0046]
(5) If an inter-ring joint composed of a tubular member and a diameter-expanding member driven into both ends of the tubular member is used for the inter-ring joint, the inter-ring joint can be made inexpensive, It can be easily fixed by the propulsion jack of the shield machine, and the joining work becomes extremely easy.
[0047]
(6) By adopting a structure in which the portion where the inter-ring joint is installed is fitted with unevenness, it is possible to ensure a large shear force transmission function between the rings.
[0048]
(7) Grooves and spaces can be easily formed by integrally forming the secondary lining concrete on the inner surface of the segment. Furthermore, the construction of secondary lining concrete after assembling the conventional segment can be omitted, the construction period can be shortened and the cost can be reduced, and a predetermined thickness can be obtained with respect to the normal segment thickness considering the covering of the reinforcing bars. Since the secondary lining concrete is integrally formed, it can be repaired by scraping in the future. In addition, since the segment is an integrated factory product, the quality and accuracy are good, so that the secondary lining portion can be made thin and the tunnel outer diameter can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a segment ring for shield construction according to the present invention, in which (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a front view.
FIG. 2 shows an inverted segment in the segment ring of the present invention, where (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view.
FIG. 3 shows a standard segment for a side wall in the segment ring of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a bottom view.
4A and 4B show a segment of a one-side inclined joint surface for a side wall in a segment ring of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A is a front view, and FIG. 4B is a bottom view.
5A and 5B show a top key segment in a segment ring of the present invention, in which FIG. 5A is a front view and FIG. 5B is a bottom view.
FIG. 6 is a front view of an example of a hinge structure in the segment ring of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an inter-ring joint according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of an inter-ring joint according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing a segment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a front view showing a method of assembling a conventional three-hinge structure / three equally-divided segment ring.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Segment ring 2 ... Invert segment for bottom (A1 type)
3 ... Segment for side wall (A2 type)
4 ... Segment for side wall (B type)
5 ... Key segment for top (K type)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Hinge structure 10a ... Convex part 10b ... Concave part 11 ... Inclined surface 12 ... Inter-segment joint 12a ... Male joint 12b ... Female joint 13 ... Caulking material 14 ... Backfill material injection hole 15 ... Seal groove 20 ... Inter-ring joint 21 ... cylindrical member (insert metal fitting)
22 ... Diameter-expanding member (wedge metal)
23 ... Mounting hole 24 ... Tenon 25 ... Tenon hole 26 ... Reinforcement hardware 27 ... Male joint 28 ... Female joint 29 ... Claw member 30 ... Thick plate portion 30a ... Horizontal surface 31 ... Groove 32 ... Carriage for carriage 32a ... Guide member 33 ... insertion hole 40 ... primary lining concrete part 41 ... secondary lining concrete part

Claims (8)

In a segment ring of n hinge structure formed by joining three or more n segments constituting a lining ring in a circumferential direction with n hinge structures, at least one segment of the n segments is a circle. together consist segment of m (m> n) by dividing the circumferential direction, the inclined joint surface and the key segments having one inclined joint surface inclined to one side with respect to the ring axis of the divided segments The key segment is inserted between the segments from the ring axis direction, and the key segment and the one-side inclined surface segment are rigidly connected to each other with a connecting bracket. bonded integrally, the n-number of junctions among the m junctions joined by a hinge structure, formed by rigid connections with connection fittings other junction the n hinge structure m A segment ring for shield construction, characterized in that a segment ring of individual division type is formed .   The segment ring according to claim 1, wherein the bottom segment is an inverted segment.   3. The segment ring according to claim 2, wherein a groove extending in the axial direction of the ring is formed in an upper portion of the inverted segment.   4. The segment ring according to claim 2, wherein a space extending in the ring axial direction is formed inside the inverted segment.   The segment ring according to claim 2, wherein secondary lining concrete is integrally formed on the inner surface of the invert segment, and a groove or space extending in the ring axial direction is formed in the invert segment. Characteristic segment ring for shield construction.   The segment ring according to claim 1, wherein secondary lining concrete is integrally formed on the inner surface of the segment, and a space extending in the ring axial direction is formed inside the segment. Segment ring for construction.   The segment ring according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the segment rings are connected to each other by a cylindrical member having both ends inserted into the mounting holes. A segment ring for shield construction, characterized in that it is joined by an inter-ring joint comprising a diameter-enlarging member that is driven into both end portions of the shaped member and expands both end portions.   The segment ring for shield construction according to claim 7, wherein the segment rings are fitted with unevenness at a portion where the inter-ring joint is installed.

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