JP3738013B2 - Human waste treatment apparatus equipped with a water diffusion plate - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has very little influence on the surrounding environment, for example, in flush toilets installed in sightseeing spots, camping sites, event venues, highway service areas, stations, construction sites, poultry farms, pig farms, etc. The present invention relates to a human waste processing apparatus that is optimal as a manure processing apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a human sewage treatment device configured to contact microorganisms in the reaction vessel filled with the substrate and contact urine as microorganisms generated and propagated on the substrate and biologically decompose organic matter in the urine using the microorganisms. Has been.
[0003]
In such a type of human waste processing apparatus, since the passage of human waste is formed in a straight line in the vertical direction and short-circuited in the reaction tank filled with the base material, the entire base material is not fully utilized. There was a problem. In addition, when a large amount of human waste is temporarily supplied to the reaction tank due to the overload of the device, the reaction speed passes through the reaction tank and the passage speed of urine increases, so that the human urine is not decomposed sufficiently, There was also the problem of being discharged.
[0004]
Thus, in a conventional human waste treatment apparatus, for example, a plurality of partition plates are attached obliquely downward in the left and right directions inside the reaction tank, and the waste water passes through the partition plates so as not to line up on the upper and lower straight lines. The structure which lengthens the contact time of a base material and waste_water | drain as much as possible by forming a passage was proposed (for example, refer patent document 1).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-8978 (FIG. 1 on pages 2 and 4)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional human waste treatment apparatus described above cannot mean a dramatic improvement in the decomposition performance of organic matter by simply meandering the drainage passage and lengthening the contact time between the base material and the wastewater. It was. Therefore, there has been a problem that if the processing capacity is to be improved, the apparatus must be enlarged.
[0007]
In addition, when performing conventional maintenance work such as replacement of the base material, the conventional human waste processing apparatus has to replace all the base materials filled in the reaction tank at once, so the operation must be temporarily stopped. In addition, since the size of the reaction tank is large, there is a problem in that maintenance work takes time and effort.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a urine processing apparatus capable of sufficiently improving the processing capacity for decomposing organic matter in human waste than before. Yes.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the human waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is composed of three plate portions on one side and the opposite side of the inside of the reaction tank filled with the base material, and the longitudinal section has an inverted Y shape. An apparatus for treating urine with both ends in the longitudinal direction of a water flow diffusion plate formed so as to have an anaerobic condition portion surrounded by a substantially hexagonal shape in the longitudinal section view by the water flow diffusion plate. vertical cross section, are arranged in a zigzag pattern, and portions other than the anaerobic condition part in said reaction vessel in so that such aerobic condition part is was arranging a plurality of said flow diffuser plate.
[0010]
And by doing in this way, since a reaction tank will be in the state arranged so that an anaerobic condition part may become zigzag shape in the longitudinal section view, in the human waste processing device of the present invention, processing which decomposes organic matter Ability can be improved dramatically.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The human waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is composed of three plate portions on one side and the opposite side of a reaction tank filled with a base material, and a water flow diffusion formed so that the longitudinal section has an inverted Y shape. An apparatus for treating human urine with both ends in the longitudinal direction of the plate, wherein the anaerobic condition portion surrounded by a substantially hexagonal shape is arranged in a cross-sectional view in a staggered manner by the water flow diffusion plate. it is, and portions other than the anaerobic condition part in said reaction vessel in so that such aerobic condition part, a structure in which a plurality of disposing the water diffusion plate.
[0012]
As a result of intensive research, the inventor has arranged a plurality of water diffusion plates formed of three plate portions and having a vertical Y-shaped longitudinal section inside the reaction tank, When an area surrounded by a hexagonal shape is formed around the periphery by the water flow diffusion plate, the area is blocked from entering and exiting the air compared to other parts in the reaction tank, and anaerobic microorganisms It has been found that it becomes a part convenient for breeding (hereinafter referred to as “anaerobic condition part”).
On the other hand, in the reaction tank, the part other than the anaerobic condition part is a part suitable for the growth of aerobic microorganisms (hereinafter referred to as “aerobic condition part”).
[0013]
Therefore, the present inventor determined that the flow path of the urine meanders by the water flow diffusion plate so that the anaerobic condition portion has a zigzag shape in a longitudinal cross-sectional view. In addition to the advantage that the contact time of the urine and the material becomes longer, the human waste is in a state of alternately passing through the aerobic condition part and the anaerobic condition part having different decomposition characteristics. Was found to be extremely improved, and the present invention was completed.
[0014]
In the human waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, it is free to use a water flow diffusion plate having a shape other than the above, but in particular, the short circuit occurs along the side surface inside the reaction tank, and the flow of urine is effectively diffused. In order to achieve this, the water flow diffusion plate formed of two plate portions on a pair of side surfaces to which the water flow diffusion plate consisting of three plate portions is not attached, and having a vertical cross-section formed into a U shape, It is desirable to attach one plate part.
This is because the flow of urine transmitted through the side surface inside the reaction tank which cannot be handled only by the water flow diffusion plate having a vertical Y-shaped longitudinal section can be diffused toward the center of the reaction tank.
[0015]
In this case, the anaerobic condition part surrounded by the hexagonal shape or the semi-hexagonal shape in the longitudinal sectional view by the water diffusion plate of any kind and the inner surface of the reaction tank is surface view, are arranged in a zigzag pattern, and portions other than the anaerobic condition part in said reaction vessel in so that such aerobic condition part, by providing any of the above types of water diffusion plate, The performance of the human waste treatment apparatus is improved.
[0016]
Further, in the human waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the structure of the reaction tank itself is not particularly limited, but the operation can be continued even when performing maintenance work such as replacement of the base material, and in order to facilitate the maintenance work, It is more preferable to configure the reaction tank with a plurality of cartridge-type reaction tanks that can be attached and detached and a frame that houses the plurality of cartridge-type reaction tanks.
This is because it is not necessary to replace all the substrates filled in the reaction tank at once, and only the cartridge type reaction tank that needs to be replaced can be extracted and maintenance work can be performed as needed.
[0017]
Moreover, in the human waste processing apparatus of the present invention, the material of the base material is not limited, and desired wood strips, glass beads, and the like can be used. However, in order to favor the growth of fungi, microorganisms, and protozoa, it is desirable to employ a substrate having a large surface area per unit volume. Specifically, it is desirable to use cedar chips, among wooden pieces.
[0018]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the human waste treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall configuration of the human waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the reaction tank of this embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a water diffusion plate used in this embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing one of the cartridge type reaction tanks of the present embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the state in which the anaerobic condition portions are arranged in a staggered manner in a longitudinal sectional view. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the performance comparison test.
[0019]
1A and 1B are explanatory views showing the entire configuration of the human waste treatment apparatus S of this embodiment, where FIG. 1A shows a state viewed from the front, and FIG. 1B shows a state viewed from the side.
As shown in FIG. 1, a human waste processing apparatus S of this embodiment includes a bat 1 that stores human waste (about 7 L), and an anaerobic tank that sucks and introduces human urine stored in the bat 1 by the action of a water flow pump 2a. 3 and an aerobic tank 5 that passes through the anaerobic tank 3 and is aerated by sending air from the air pump 4 to the urine, and decomposes organic matter by the metabolic action of aerobic microorganisms. It is comprised by the reaction tank 6 which introduce | transduces and decomposes | disassembles.
Note that 2b represents a water amount adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of circulating urine, and F represents a frame for holding each device.
[0020]
The reaction vessel 6 is filled with cedar chips as a base material. In this example, the reason for adopting cedar chips as the base material is that cedar chips have a large surface area per unit volume among the wood chips and are suitable for the growth of fungi, microorganisms, and small protozoa. is there.
Organic matter in human waste introduced into the reaction tank 6 is decomposed by the action of microorganisms that are generated and propagated on the cedar chips while passing through the reaction tank 6. Then, the urine that has passed through the reaction tank 6 is again stored in the vat 1 and circulated.
[0021]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the reaction vessel 6 of this example, where (a) shows a state seen from the front, and (b) shows a state seen from the side.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the reaction tank 6 includes three cartridge-type reaction tanks 61 of the same size and shape that can be attached and detached, and a frame that accommodates the cartridge-type reaction tank 61 in three stages in the vertical direction. It is comprised with the body 62. FIG. And each cedar chip is filled in each cartridge type reaction tank 61.
[0022]
Therefore, in this embodiment, when replacing the cedar chip, it can be attached and detached in units of the cartridge type reaction tank 61. Therefore, it is not necessary to replace all at once, and maintenance can be performed while continuing operation. Further, since the cartridge type reaction vessel 61 is small, maintenance work is also facilitated.
In FIG. 2, reference numerals 63 and 64 denote funnels attached to the top and bottom of the cartridge type reaction tank 61, and reference numeral 61 a denotes a handle part attached to the front surface of the cartridge type reaction tank 61.
[0023]
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the water flow diffusion plates 7 to 9 attached to the inside of the cartridge type reaction vessel 61 in this embodiment, and (a) and (b) are water flow diffusions having a vertical cross section. The plates 7, (c) and (d) show the water flow diffusion plate 8 whose vertical cross section is an inverted Y shape, and (e) and (f) show the water flow diffusion plate 9 whose vertical cross section is a U-shape. . That is, in this embodiment, three types of water flow diffusion plates 7 to 9 are used according to the mounting position. Note that (a), (c), and (e) show the state viewed from the front, and (b), (d), and (f) show the state viewed from the side.
[0024]
The water flow diffusion plate 7 is a member attached to the left and right side surfaces of the cartridge type reaction tank 61, and as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a plate portion 71 and a total of 12 holes 72a are provided. The plate portion 72 is formed so that the vertical cross section has a letter shape.
In (a), the angle between the plate portion 71 and the plate portion 72 is set to 120 °, for example. In addition, the length in the depth direction inside the cartridge type reaction tank 61 and the length in the longitudinal direction of the water flow diffusion plate 7 are made to substantially coincide with each other.
[0025]
The water flow diffusion plate 8 is a member attached between the front surface and the back surface inside the cartridge type reaction vessel 61. As shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D, the plate portion 81 and a total of 12 holes 82a. And a plate portion 83 having a total of twelve holes 83a are formed so that the longitudinal section thereof is an inverted Y-shape.
In (c), the angle between the plate portions 81, 82, 83 is set to 120 °, for example. Reference numeral 84 denotes a bonding margin provided at both longitudinal ends of the water flow diffusion plate 8. In addition, the length in the depth direction inside the cartridge type reaction tank 61 and the length in the longitudinal direction of the water flow diffusion plate 8 are made to substantially coincide with each other.
[0026]
The water flow diffusion plate 9 is a member attached between the front surface and the back surface inside the cartridge type reaction tank 61, and as shown in FIGS. 3 (e) and 3 (f), a plate portion provided with a total of 12 holes 92a. 92 and a plate portion 93 provided with a total of twelve holes 93a are formed so that the vertical cross section has a letter-like shape.
In (e), the angle between the plate portion 92 and the plate portion 93 is set to 120 °, for example. Reference numeral 94 denotes a bonding margin provided at both longitudinal ends of the water flow diffusion plate 9. In addition, the length in the depth direction inside the cartridge type reaction tank 61 and the length in the longitudinal direction of the water flow diffusion plate 9 are made to substantially coincide with each other.
[0027]
4A and 4B are explanatory views showing one of the cartridge type reaction vessels 61, where FIG. 4A is a view from the front, FIG. 4B is a view from the side, and FIG. 4C is a view from the back. It represents the state.
The position where the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8, 9 are attached to the cartridge type reaction tank 61 will be described with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4C. First, the water flow diffusion plate 7 is a cartridge with the plate portion 71 facing upward. The plate portion 71 is attached to either the left or right side of the internal reaction tank 61 by bonding. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4C, three water flow diffusion plates 7 are attached on the left side surface and three on the right side surface of the cartridge type reaction tank 61.
[0028]
Since it did in this way, in the human waste processing apparatus S of a present Example, it cannot respond only by attaching the water flow diffusion plate 8 whose vertical cross section is a reverse Y shape in the vicinity of the center of the cartridge type reaction tank 61. The flow of urine that is short-circuited along the inner side surface of the tank 61 can be diffused in the direction closer to the center inside the cartridge type reaction tank 61.
[0029]
Next, the water flow diffusion plate 8 is attached by attaching the portions of the bonding margins 84 provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the water flow diffusion plate 8 to the front and back surfaces inside the cartridge type reaction tank 61 with the plate portion 81 facing upward. . In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4C, a total of five water flow diffusion plates 8 are attached near the center of the cartridge type reaction tank 61.
[0030]
Further, the water flow diffusion plate 9 has the plate portions 92 and 93 facing obliquely downward, and the portions of the bonding margins 94 provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the water flow diffusion plate 9 are bonded to the front and back surfaces inside the cartridge type reaction tank 61. And install.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4C, an example in which one water flow diffusion plate 9 is mounted at the uppermost position near the center of the cartridge type reaction vessel 61 is disclosed. The diffusion plate 9 is not essential for the configuration of the present invention, and for example, the water flow diffusion plate 8 can be substituted.
[0031]
Next, the mounting positions of the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8, 9 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a view showing a longitudinal section of the cartridge type reaction vessel 61.
In this embodiment, since the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8, and 9 are attached to the inside of the cartridge type reaction vessel 61 as described above, as shown in FIG. 5, the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8, 9 and the cartridge type A total of 10 anaerobic condition portions A are formed by the inner surface of the reaction tank 61 and surrounded by a longitudinal sectional view, a substantially hexagonal shape or a substantially semi-hexagonal shape. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the anaerobic condition part A is arranged in a zigzag shape in a longitudinal sectional view , and the part other than the anaerobic condition part A in the cartridge type reaction tank 61 is an aerobic condition. so that such a separate component B, and water diffusion plate 7,8,9 and has a feature in that arranged, respectively.
[0032]
Here, in the present invention, “arranged in a zigzag” means that, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, three anaerobic condition parts A (# 1, # 2, # 3) 2 at the second stage position (# 4, # 5) from the top, three at the third stage position from the top (# 6, # 7, # 8), and two at the fourth stage position from the top (# 9 and # 10), the case where it is formed will be described as an example. First, the second stage # 4 is placed approximately in the middle of the uppermost stages # 1 and # 2, and the middle of the uppermost stages # 2 and # 3. # 5 in the second stage and the positions of the uppermost stage and the second stage are determined, and after the third stage, the odd-numbered stage is the uppermost stage, the even-numbered stage is the second stage, Align horizontal positions (ie, # 6, # 7, # 8 are # 1, # 2, # 3, and # 9, # 10 are # 4, # 5, respectively. As a whole) Condition part A refers to a positioning method to be staggered.
[0033]
As described above, first, in this embodiment, the human waste introduced into the cartridge type reaction tank 61 meanders by the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8, 9 and does not short-circuit linearly. The effect that the contact time becomes longer is obtained.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the problem that human waste passes through the cartridge type reaction tank 61 without being sufficiently decomposed can be solved.
[0034]
In addition to the above points, in the present embodiment, the anaerobic condition part A is arranged in a zigzag shape in the longitudinal section in the aerobic condition part B, so that it is introduced into the cartridge type reaction tank 61. The effect | action that the spent manure passes alternately the aerobic condition part B and the anaerobic condition part A which were formed in the inside of the cartridge-type reaction tank 61 is acquired.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, by alternately passing through the aerobic condition part B and the anaerobic condition part A having different decomposition characteristics, an effect of dramatically improving the decomposition performance of organic matter can be obtained.
[0035]
In this regard, the present inventor conducted a performance comparison test using a device having the same size and shape as the human waste treatment device S of the present embodiment and not provided with the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8 and 9 as a control device. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results.
[0036]
In the control device, as shown in the graph of FIG. 6 which shows “No water diffusion plate”, the organic matter concentration decreased with the passage of time, but the decrease rate was slow. In addition, the organic substance density | concentration (COD-Cr) of the artificial waste water which was 7510 mg / L at the time of a test start became 5030 mg / L on the 5th day, and 2350 mg / L on the 13th day.
[0037]
On the other hand, in the human waste treatment apparatus S of the present embodiment provided with the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8, and 9, as indicated by the graph indicating that “the water flow diffusion plate is present”, two to three days have elapsed. From these results, it was confirmed that the organic substance concentration was significantly reduced.
By the way, the organic matter concentration (COD-Cr) of the artificial effluent, which was 7510 mg / L at the start of the test, was 1550 mg / L on the 5th day (about 3.2 times compared to the control device), and the 13th day. Is reduced to 1100 mg / L (about 2.1 times compared to the control device).
[0038]
From the above, the human waste treatment apparatus S of the present embodiment is about 2 to 3 times as high as the organic substance decomposition ability of the target apparatus of the same size and shape without the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8, 9. It was confirmed to show.
[0039]
In the present embodiment, the embodiment in which the holes 72a, 82a, 83a, 92a, 93a are provided in the plate portions 72, 82, 83, 92, 93 of the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8, 9 is disclosed. Is not an essential component of the present invention.
However, when the holes 72a, 82a, 83a, 92a, and 93a are provided, it becomes a state in which human waste passes appropriately, and it is found that such a state is suitable for the formation of the anaerobic condition portion A. ing. Accordingly, in the present invention, the plate portions 72, 82, 83, 92, 93 of the water flow diffusion plates 7, 8, 9 are appropriately passed through the urine like the holes 72a, 82a, 83a, 92a, 93a. It is more desirable to provide the required number of holes.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the human waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is composed of three plate portions on one side surface of the reaction tank filled with the base material and on the opposite side thereof, so that the longitudinal section has an inverted Y shape. An apparatus for treating human waste with both ends of the water flow diffusion plate formed in the longitudinal direction, wherein the water flow diffusion plate has an anaerobic condition part surrounded by a substantially hexagonal shape in the vertical cross section. viewing, are arranged in a zigzag pattern, and the portion other than the anaerobic condition part in the reaction vessel in so that such aerobic condition part, since arranging a plurality of said flow diffuser plate, the night soil by water flow diffuser plate In addition to the advantage that the passageway meanders and the contact time of urine with the base material becomes longer, human waste decomposes organic matter because it passes alternately through an aerobic condition part and an anaerobic condition part having different decomposition characteristics. When performance improves dramatically Cormorants effect can be obtained.
[0041]
Further, in the reaction tank, a water flow formed by two plate portions on a pair of side surfaces to which a water flow diffusion plate consisting of three plate portions is not attached, and having a vertical cross section formed in a U shape. If the human waste treatment apparatus of the present invention having one plate portion of the diffusion plate attached is used, a short circuit occurs along the inner surface of the reaction tank, and the flow of urine can be effectively diffused.
[0042]
Furthermore, if the human waste treatment apparatus of the present invention comprising a plurality of detachable cartridge reaction tanks and a frame for housing the plurality of cartridge reaction tanks is used, it is necessary to replace the substrates all at once. Since the base material can be replaced without stopping the operation, the effect of improving the maintainability can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall configuration of a human waste treatment apparatus of the present embodiment, where (a) shows a state viewed from the front, and (b) shows a state viewed from the side.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams showing the configuration of the reaction tank of the present example, where FIG. 2A shows a state viewed from the front, and FIG. 2B shows a state viewed from the side.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are explanatory views showing a water flow diffusion plate attached to the inside of the cartridge type reaction tank of the present embodiment. FIGS. (D) represents a water flow diffusion plate having an inverted Y-shaped vertical cross section, and (e) and (f) represent a water flow diffusion plate having a U-shaped vertical cross section.
FIGS. 4A and 4B are explanatory views showing one of the cartridge type reaction tanks of this example, where FIG. 4A shows a state viewed from the front, FIG. 4B shows a state viewed from the side, and FIG. ) Represents the state viewed from the back.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cartridge type reaction tank of the present embodiment showing a state in which the anaerobic condition portions are arranged in a staggered manner in a longitudinal sectional view.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of a performance comparison test.
[Explanation of symbols]
S Human waste treatment device 6 Reaction tank 61 Cartridge type reaction tank 62 Frame 7, 8, 9 Water diffusion plate A Anaerobic condition part
B Aerobic condition part

Claims (3)

Attach both ends in the longitudinal direction of a water flow diffusion plate, which consists of three plate parts and has a reverse Y-shaped longitudinal section on one side and the opposite side of the inside of the reaction tank filled with the base material An anaerobic condition portion surrounded by a substantially hexagonal shape by the water diffusion plate is disposed in a zigzag shape in a vertical cross-sectional view , and in the reaction tank. wherein portions other than anaerobic condition part in so that such aerobic condition part, human waste treatment apparatus characterized by a plurality disposing the water diffusion plate. Inside the reaction vessel, a water flow formed by a pair of side surfaces to which the water flow diffusion plate consisting of the three plate portions is not attached and having two plate portions so that the vertical cross section is a U-shape. 2. A human waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one plate portion of the diffusion plate is attached, and the periphery is defined by any one of the above-described water flow diffusion plate and the inner surface of the reaction tank in a longitudinal sectional view. anaerobic condition part surrounded by the shape or approximately semi-hexagonal shape, the vertical cross section, are arranged in a zigzag pattern, and portions other than the anaerobic condition part in said reaction vessel in so that such aerobic condition unit A human urine treatment apparatus comprising a plurality of the water flow diffusion plates of any one of the above types.   The human waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reaction tank includes a plurality of cartridge-type reaction tanks that can be attached and detached and a frame that houses the plurality of cartridge-type reaction tanks.

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