JP3743248B2 - Gear rolling machine operation method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an operation method of a gear rolling machine, and in particular, one of gear meshing relationships is a spur gear-shaped tooth roller die and the other is a disk-shaped workpiece, and the two are synchronously rotated between the two. The present invention relates to a method for operating a gear rolling machine that generates a tooth profile on a workpiece by feeding in a direction to reduce a distance between shaft centers.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In this type of gear rolling machine, it is assumed that one of the gear meshing relationships as described above is a spur gear-shaped tooth roller die and the other is a disk-shaped workpiece and both are rotated synchronously. On the other hand, in the standby state prior to machining, the tooth profile roller die is always indexed at the fixed angle stop position, and the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece are separated from each other by an initial set distance so that machining is started. In some cases, synchronous rotation of the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece is started in a standby state, and at the same time, feeding is performed in a direction in which both approach. And, in order to stabilize the tooth profile accuracy while eliminating the variation of teeth created on the workpiece side, the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the tooth profile roller die are alternately repeated a plurality of times when processing one workpiece. .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the tooth profile rolling process as described above, the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece are made to have substantially the same diameter, and both are synchronously rotated in a 1: 1 relationship, that is, both are made at a constant speed. Since it is based on synchronous rotation, the same tooth always performs the same work for plastic processing from the start of meshing of the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece to the completion of processing. Teeth that mesh with each other when the stress at the time of rolling becomes the highest always become a specific tooth, and the tooth of that part is subjected to stronger stress than other teeth, and the life of the entire tooth profile roller die is reduced There's a problem.
[0004]
The present invention has been made paying attention to the problems as described above, and is a gear rolling machine that can extend the life of a tooth profile roller die by avoiding stress concentration on specific teeth of the tooth profile roller die. It is intended to provide a driving method.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, one of the gear meshing relations is a spur gear-shaped tooth roller die and the other is a disk-shaped workpiece, and the center-to-axis distance between the two is rotated while both are rotated synchronously. This is premised on the operation method of a gear rolling machine that repeatedly performs rolling to create a tooth profile on the workpiece by feeding in the direction of shrinking the workpiece.
[0006]
In addition, at least the following requirements (A), (B), and (C) are included .
[0007]
(A) In the standby state prior to machining, the tooth profile roller die is always indexed at the fixed angle stop position, and the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece are separated from each other by an initial set distance so as not to contact each other.
[0008]
(B) At the start of machining, start the constant speed synchronous rotation of the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece in the standby state, and at the same time, feed them in a direction to bring them closer together.
[0010]
(C) Every time processing of n workpieces (n = integer) is completed, the processing start position of at least one of the circumferential direction and the tooth width direction of the tooth profile roller die is shifted.
[0011]
In this case, it is desirable to include the following requirements (D) and (E) in addition to the requirements (A), (B), and (C) as described in claim 2.
(D) The forward rotation and reverse rotation of the tooth profile roller die are alternately repeated a plurality of times when processing one workpiece.
(E) Every time processing on n workpieces (n = integer) is completed, the rotational direction of the tooth roller dies at the start of processing is changed.
[0012]
Therefore, in the first aspect of the invention, in the standby state prior to machining, the tooth profile roller die is always indexed at the fixed angle stop position, and both are initially set so that the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece do not contact each other. Since they are separated by a distance, at the start of machining, constant-speed synchronous rotation between the tooth-shaped roller die and the workpiece is started in a standby state, and at the same time, feed is given in the direction in which both approach. Then, every time processing of n workpieces (n = integer) is completed, the processing start position of at least one of the circumferential direction and the tooth width direction of the tooth profile roller die is positively shifted.
[0013]
By doing this, for example, when the processing start position in the circumferential direction of the tooth roller dies is shifted, the tooth receiving high stress shifts each time without being biased to the specific tooth, so stress concentration on the specific tooth Is alleviated and the life of the entire tooth profile roller die is extended.
[0014]
For example, if the processing start position in the tooth width direction of the tooth profile roller die is shifted, the tooth receiving stress concentration will be biased to a specific tooth, but the position to be engaged with the workpiece, that is, the position in the tooth width direction is each time. As a result, the stress concentration on the specific part of the specific tooth is alleviated, and as a result, the life of the entire tooth profile roller die is extended.
[0015]
The invention according to claim 3 changes the initial set distance in the standby state in advance as means for shifting the processing start position in the circumferential direction of the tooth roller dies among the requirements of (C) described in claim 1. It is characterized by that.
[0016]
Direction in which synchronous rotation between the tooth profile roller die indexed at the fixed angle stop position and the workpiece starts and the two approach each other at a predetermined speed with the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece separated by an initial set distance. Assuming that feed is applied to the tooth, even if the machining of n workpieces with constant initial set distance and feed speed is repeated, the tooth that begins to bite into the workpiece is always specified in the tooth profile roller die It will become the teeth of. Therefore, in the invention described in claim 3, every time processing of n workpieces is completed, the initial starting distance in the standby state is changed in advance, so that the teeth that start to bite into the workpiece first are shifted each time. As a result, the concentration of stress on a specific tooth is alleviated and the life of the entire tooth profile roller die is extended without biasing the tooth that receives concentrated stress to the specific tooth.
[0017]
The invention described in claim 4 includes the following requirements (a) and (b) as means for shifting the processing start position in the circumferential direction of the tooth profile roller die among the requirements (C) described in claim 1. It is characterized by containing.
[0018]
(A) The main shaft on which the workpiece is mounted and the tooth-shaped roller die are configured to rotate at a constant speed through mechanical synchronization means, and a clutch is interposed in the synchronous power transmission system.
[0019]
(B) Every time processing of n workpieces (n = integer) is completed, the phase of the tooth profile roller die is changed by momentarily connecting and disconnecting the clutch while the tooth profile roller die is idle.
[0020]
Therefore, in the invention according to the fourth aspect, when the clutch of the synchronous power transmission system is instantaneously disconnected and immediately connected, the rotation phase of the tooth profile roller die and the rotation of the workpiece until then due to the idle rotation of the tooth profile roller die. As a result, the first tooth that starts to bite into the workpiece is shifted each time as described above.
[0021]
The invention according to claim 5 includes the following requirements (c) and (d) as means for shifting the processing start position in the circumferential direction of the tooth profile roller die among the requirements (C) according to claim 1. It is characterized by containing.
[0022]
(C) The main shaft on which the workpiece is mounted and the tooth profile roller die rotate at a constant speed through a pair of synchronous gears that mesh with each other, and the synchronous gears can be disengaged.
[0023]
(D) Every time processing of n workpieces (n = integer) is completed, the phase of the tooth roller dies is changed by once disengaging the synchronous gears and shifting one or more teeth and then reengaging them. To do.
[0024]
Therefore, according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the pair of synchronous gears are operated like a clutch, the meshing between the pair of synchronous gears is once disengaged and shifted one tooth or a plurality of teeth and then meshed again. As a result, the tooth that starts to bite into the workpiece first is shifted each time as described above.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, every time processing on n workpieces is completed, the processing start position of at least one of the circumferential direction and the tooth width direction of the tooth profile roller die is positively shifted. As a result, the tooth or part that receives high stress due to plastic working does not become one place and is dispersed as appropriate, so that fatigue of a specific tooth or part is not caused, and the life of the entire tooth profile roller die can be increased. effective.
[0026]
In particular, as described in claim 2, when the rotation direction of the tooth profile roller die at the start of processing is changed every time processing of n workpieces is finished, stress is evenly applied to both surfaces of each tooth of the tooth profile roller die. This has the effect of further extending the service life of the tooth roller dies.
[0027]
Further, as in the third and fourth aspects of the present invention, as a means for shifting the processing start position in the circumferential direction of the tooth roller dies, the initial set distance in the standby state is changed in advance, or the synchronous power transmission system When connecting and disconnecting the clutch, there is an effect that the operation can be easily executed by program control such as NC control.
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1 and 2 are main part configuration explanatory views for explaining the operation method of the gear rolling machine according to the present invention, and the disk-like workpieces W to be machined are positioned on the same axis. Is supported by a pair of left and right mandrels 1 and 2 serving as main shafts, and the mandrels 1 and 2 are rotationally driven by a rotational driving means (not shown). A spur gear-shaped roller die (hereinafter simply referred to as a roller die) 4 supported by the rotary shaft 3 in parallel with the mandrels 1 and 2 is disposed, and the roller die 4 has a speed ratio of 1: 1. In addition to the pair of synchronous gears 5 and 6 which are related to each other, the mandrels 1 and 2 are synchronously rotated and driven via the universal joint 7.
[0029]
The tooth width dimension of the roller die 4 is set sufficiently large so as to be several times the plate thickness dimension of the work W, and both the work W and the roller die 4 are set to have the same diameter. The workpiece W and the roller die 4 are rotated at a constant speed in a 1: 1 relationship, and at the same time, a feed F having a predetermined speed is applied in a direction in which the distance between the axes of the two is reduced.
[0030]
If the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is the standby state, that is, the state where the roller die 4 is waiting at the origin position when the workpiece W is attached to or detached from the mandrels 1 and 2, in this state, the roller die 4 is in the control system. In addition to being stationary at a so-called constant angle stop position where the rotational direction position is always indexed to a fixed position by the positioning function, the center distance between the roller die 4 and the workpiece W is also a predetermined initial value. The set distance X is maintained.
[0031]
Then, in the standby state, synchronous rotation of the roller die 4 and the workpiece W is started, and at the same time, a feed F at a predetermined speed is given (the feed amount is set in advance), whereby the generating tooth profile rolling process is performed on the workpiece W. Will be given. In this case, assuming that one cycle is from the start of machining for one workpiece W to the end of the machining, as shown in FIG. 3, the forward rotation synchronization between the roller die 4 and the workpiece W is performed within the cycle. One cycle is completed only by repeating rotation and reverse rotation synchronous rotation alternately and repeating the forward / reverse operation a plurality of times. These forward / reverse switching, the above-mentioned constant angle stop position control, feed control, and the like are all performed by an NC controller (not shown).
[0032]
In the present embodiment, when the above-described creation tooth profile rolling process of the workpiece W is repeatedly performed, for example, every time a predetermined number of workpieces W are processed, for example, every 50 workpieces W are processed. The above processing conditions are changed each time.
[0033]
More specifically, when continuously performing the generating tooth profile rolling process on the workpiece W, when machining the first to 50th workpieces W, the processing conditions regarding X and Z are fixed, for example, the initial set distance X 3 = 200 mm, Z is set to 0 mm so that the workpiece W is engaged with the roller die 4 at a substantially central portion of the tooth width dimension of the roller die 4 as a relative positional relationship between the roller die 4 and the workpiece W in FIG. The processing is repeated with the cycle starting from the normal rotation synchronous rotation as shown in 1 as one cycle. At this time, the roller die 4 and the workpiece W are returned to the initial set distance X = 200 mm every cycle, and the next machining cycle is started after the workpiece W mounted on the mandrels 1 and 2 is exchanged.
[0034]
Here, as described above, when the roller die 4 is in the constant angle stop position and starts synchronous rotation with the workpiece W, the feed F at a predetermined speed is given. As long as the value is fixed, a specific tooth of the roller die 4 always starts to bite into the workpiece W, and as long as the roller die 4 and the workpiece W rotate at a constant speed synchronously at 1: 1. The specific teeth on the roller die 4 side and the specific teeth on the workpiece W side always mesh with each other, and this relationship remains unchanged until the number of workpieces W processed reaches 50.
[0035]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the number of workpieces W processed reaches 50, the values of X and Z are changed, and the initial set distance X is increased by α as shown in FIG. The value of X is increased by 0.1 mm to X = 200.1 mm, and the value of Z is also increased by β to Z + β. For example, the value of Z is increased by 12 mm and changed to Z = 12 mm. That is, the initial set distance X is increased by 0.1 mm, the meshing position between the roller die 4 and the workpiece W is offset by 12 mm in the tooth width direction, and the rotation direction at the start of the cycle is indicated by a broken line in FIG. On the other hand, reverse rotation synchronous rotation is reverse to the normal rotation synchronous rotation until then.
[0036]
When shifting to the next machining cycle in this state, since the roller die 4 starts synchronous rotation from the fixed angle stop position, the initial rotation direction is reversed and the initial set distance X is 0. The phase angle at which the roller die 4 first bites into the workpiece W due to the increase by 1 mm is different from the conventional one, and as a result, the first tooth of the roller die 4 that starts to bite into the workpiece W is different from the previous one. At the same time, by offsetting the relative position of the roller die 4 and the workpiece W in the tooth width direction by 12 mm, the biting position in the tooth width direction is also different from the conventional one. By doing so, it is possible to avoid that only a specific part of a specific tooth always has a high stress state as in the prior art.
[0037]
In the above example, the initial set distance X is increased by 0.1 mm and the value of Z is set to +12 mm. However, the initial set distance X is decreased by a predetermined dimension and the value of Z is set to a negative value. Similar conditions apply. Further, the above condition change is always automatically made by preprogramming the previously extended NC controller.
[0038]
Then, the processing under the above conditions is repeated until the number of workpieces W processed becomes, for example, 100, and when the number of workpieces W reaches 100, the initial set value X is further increased by 0.1 mm. Further, the value of Z is further increased by 12 mm, and the rotation direction at the start of the cycle is reversed so that the normal rotation is again performed.
[0039]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the X and Z values are changed for each predetermined number of workpieces W and the rotation direction at the start of the cycle is changed, whereby a specific tooth of the roller die 4 is specified. Since it is possible to avoid high stress acting only on the part of the roller die 4, and by changing the rotation direction of the roller die 4, stress can be equally applied to both surfaces of each tooth of the roller die 4. As a result, the durability of the roller die 4 is greatly improved, and the life of the roller die 4 can be extended.
[0040]
FIGS. 5 and 6 show the second and third embodiments of the present invention. In any of the embodiments, an electromagnetic clutch 8 or 9 is provided in the synchronous power transmission system from the synchronous gear 6 to the roller die 4. The electromagnetic clutch 8 or 9 is instantaneously connected or disconnected as necessary.
[0041]
More specifically, when the number of workpieces W processed reaches a predetermined number (for example, 50 in the same manner as described above), the roller die 4 that has completed the processing and the workpiece W are separated from each other and initialized. When returning to the distance X, the electromagnetic clutch 8 or 9 is momentarily connected or disconnected while the roller die 4 is idling. Thereby, the rotational phase of the synchronous gear 6 and the roller die 4 is different from the relative phase relationship so far. And when it waits for the roller die 4 and the workpiece | work W to become the initial setting distance X and it transfers to the process of the next cycle, since the phase of the roller die 4 is changing randomly as mentioned above, Of the roller dies 4, the first tooth that begins to bite into the counterpart work W will inevitably differ from the previous one. This also provides the same effect as that of the first embodiment.
[0042]
However, also in the second and third embodiments, the machining start position in the circumferential direction is changed by the phase change of the roller die 4 and the machining in the tooth width direction is performed at the same time as in the first embodiment. It is also desirable to change the starting position.
[0043]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a pair of synchronous gears 5 and 6 can be engaged and disengaged, and the synchronous gears 5 and 6 are positively engaged as necessary. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the meshing is separated.
[0044]
As shown in FIG. 7, the number of workpieces W processed becomes a predetermined number (for example, 50 in the same manner as described above), and the roller die 4 that has finished the processing and the workpiece W are separated from each other to an initial set distance When returning to X, the synchronous rotation of both rollers is temporarily stopped while indexing the roller die 4 to the fixed angle stop position. Then, the meshing between the synchronous gears 5 and 6 is once removed, and for example, after shifting one tooth or several teeth, the two synchronous gears 5 and 6 are meshed again. As a result, the phase of the roller die 4 at the constant angle stop position differs from the previous one by the number of shifted teeth. Therefore, when a new workpiece W is mounted on the mandrels 1 and 2 side and the process proceeds to the next machining cycle, the phase of the roller die 4 changes in advance as described above. Of these, the first tooth that begins to bite into the counterpart work W will inevitably differ from the previous one. This also provides the same effect as that of the first embodiment.
[0045]
However, also in the fourth embodiment, the machining start position in the tooth width direction is changed at the same time as the machining start position in the circumferential direction is changed by the phase change of the roller die 4 as in the first embodiment. It is also desirable to change this.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a main part configuration showing a preferred first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an explanatory diagram on the right side of FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing forward / reverse rotation characteristics within one machining cycle.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram when processing conditions are changed.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a main part configuration showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a main part configuration showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a main part configuration showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2 ... Mandrel (spindle)
4 ... Tooth roller dies 5, 6 ... Synchronous gears 8, 9 ... Electromagnetic clutch W ... Workpiece

Claims (5)

One of the gear meshing relations is a spur gear-shaped tooth roller die and the other is a disk-shaped workpiece, and the workpiece is fed in a direction to reduce the distance between the axes while rotating both synchronously. A gear rolling machine that repeatedly performs a rolling process to create a tooth profile on
An operation method of a gear rolling machine characterized by including at least the following requirements (A), (B), and (C) .
(A) In the standby state prior to machining, the tooth profile roller die is always indexed at the fixed angle stop position, and the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece are separated from each other by an initial set distance so as not to contact each other.
(B) At the start of machining, start the constant speed synchronous rotation of the tooth profile roller die and the workpiece in the standby state, and at the same time, feed them in a direction to bring them closer together.
(C) Every time processing of n workpieces (n = integer) is completed, the processing start position of at least one of the circumferential direction and the tooth width direction of the tooth profile roller die is shifted. The operation method of a gear rolling machine according to claim 1, wherein the following requirements (D) and (E) are included in addition to the requirements (A), (B), and (C).
(D) The forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the tooth roller dies are alternately repeated a plurality of times when processing a single workpiece.
(E) Every time processing of n workpieces (n = integer) is completed, the rotation direction of the tooth roller dies at the start of processing is changed. 3. The gear rotation according to claim 1, wherein the initial setting distance in the standby state is changed in advance as means for shifting the processing start position in the circumferential direction of the tooth profile roller die among the requirements of (C) above. How to operate the machine. As means for displacing the circumferential machining start position of the tooth roller die of the above requirements (C), the following (a), according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a requirement of (b) Operation method of gear rolling machine.
(A) The main shaft on which the workpiece is mounted and the tooth-shaped roller die are configured to rotate at a constant speed through mechanical synchronization means, and a clutch is interposed in the synchronous power transmission system.
(B) Every time processing of n workpieces (n = integer) is completed, the phase of the tooth profile roller die is changed by momentarily connecting and disconnecting the clutch while the tooth profile roller die is idle. As a means for shifting the circumferential machining start position of the tooth roller die of the above requirements (C), the following (c), according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a requirement (d) Operation method of gear rolling machine.
(C) The main shaft on which the workpiece is mounted and the tooth profile roller die rotate at a constant speed through a pair of synchronous gears that mesh with each other, and the synchronous gears can be disengaged.
(D) Every time processing of n workpieces (n = integer) is completed, the phase of the tooth roller dies is changed by once disengaging the synchronous gears and shifting one or more teeth and then reengaging them. To do.

Images