JP3746027B2 - Self-propelled manure spreader - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a self-propelled fertilizer spreader provided with a fertilizer stirring device for stirring fertilizer in a tank.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The present applicant disclosed, by Japanese Patent Application No. 11-363295, a self-propelled fertilizer spreader that can suppress the so-called bridge phenomenon even with a relatively wettable fertilizer and can continuously spray.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 5, the self-propelled fertilizer spreader includes a vehicle body frame 1 having a pair of left and right front wheels 1 a (1 b) and a tail wheel 1 c as a control wheel, and a rear portion of the vehicle body frame 1. A small engine 2 mounted on the vehicle body, a steering bifurcated handle 3a (3b) extending rearward from the vertical frame 3 standing on the vehicle body frame 1, and a fertilizer application device 24 mounted on the front portion of the vehicle body frame 1. The motive power from the small engine 2 is transmitted to the transmission part 5 between the drive wheels 1a (1b) via the V-belt 2a, and is branched from the transmission part 5 to the horizontal driving drive axle 6 and the vertical axis. It is transmitted to the spray drive shaft 7.
[0004]
The engine speed is changed by operating an accelerator lever (not shown), and the traveling speed of the fertilizer spreader can be varied. The fertilizer spraying device 24 is fixed to the spraying drive shaft 7 via the boss portion 7a, and is fixed on the rotary spraying plate 9 having a plurality of spraying blades 9a and a tank mounting base plate (not shown) above this. A fertilizer tank (fertilizer hopper) 25, a fertilizer agitator 30 fixed with a fastening bolt 31 to the tip of the spray drive shaft 7 penetrating the bottom plate 25 a of the fertilizer tank 25, and a bottom plate 25 a of the fertilizer tank 25 One or two or more fertilizer dropping holes 25b formed, and a fertilizer dropping hole 11a aligned with these fertilizer dropping holes 25b, and a rotatable disc that is superposed on the back surface of the bottom plate 25a of the fertilizer tank 25 and rotatable. And a shutter plate 11. The bottom plate 25a and the shutter plate 11 constitute a fertilizer fall adjustment plate mechanism.
[0005]
Since the stirring arm 32 in the fertilizer tank 25 also rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the spraying drive shaft 7, the stored fertilizer (not shown) accumulated in the fertilizer tank 25 is continuously supplied to the fertilizer dropping hole 25b of the bottom plate 25a. Since it is scraped off and continues to fall on the spreading plate 9 rotating through the fertilizer drop hole 11a of the shutter plate 11, the fan-like predetermined spreading range (within the spreading angle) forward in the traveling direction by the centrifugal force of the spreading plate 9 Fertilizer is continuously sprinkled on.
[0006]
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the fertilizer stirring device 30 has an iron eccentric shaft 33 that rotates eccentrically with an amount of eccentricity d with respect to the spraying drive shaft 7 in the tank 25, and the axis of the eccentric shaft 33 is the center of rotation. The rotation of the eccentric shaft 33 while allowing the rotation of the planetary ring 34 relative to the eccentric shaft 33 and the iron planetary ring 34, which is easy to rotate and supports the stirring arm 32 with the bolt 32a, while allowing the rotation of the planetary ring 34 relative to the eccentric shaft 33, is allowed. A magnetic coupling 35 for transmitting to the planetary ring 34 and a ball bearing 36 interposed between the planetary ring 34 and the eccentric shaft 33 are provided. The eccentric shaft 33 is substantially cylindrical and has a shaft hole 33a for inserting the spray drive shaft 7 at a position offset from the center by an eccentric amount d, and reaches the shaft hole 33a on the peripheral surface side, and the tightening bolt 31 is screwed in. A horizontal screw hole 33b, and a reduced diameter projection 33c at the upper center. The planetary ring 34 has an inverted substantially bottomed cylindrical shape, and a ball bearing 36 is interposed between the eccentric shaft 33 inserted into the cylinder and the cylinder wall 34a. The ball bearing 36 includes an outer ring 36a that fits on the cylindrical wall 34a, an inner ring 36b that fits on the eccentric shaft 33, and a plurality of steel balls 36c that are sandwiched between the two wheels. The ball bearing 36 is retained by a retaining ring 37. The eccentric shaft 33 is also prevented from coming off by a retaining ring 38. The magnetic coupling 35 includes a reduced diameter projection 33c of the eccentric shaft 33, a driving side magnet plate 35a fixed to the stepped portion thereof by welding or the like, and a bottom surface 35b of the planetary ring 34 that fits this with an infinitesimal clearance. . The magnet plate 35a has an iron-made annular bottom plate 35aa having a fitting hole that fits into the reduced diameter projection 33c and a fitting hole that fits into the reduced diameter projection 33c with a gap, and is formed in six discretely drilled holes. A holed magnetic plate 35ab in which a small disk-shaped magnet M is embedded in a hole is fixed by welding or the like.
[0007]
When the spray drive shaft 7 rotates, the eccentric shaft 33 rotates eccentrically (revolves) with an eccentric amount d. Although the eccentric shaft 33 and the planetary ring 34 are coupled via the magnetic coupling 35, the eccentric shaft 33 and the planetary ring 34 are the magnetic coupling 35. Is possible. In principle, if there is no frictional force between the two, the weight of the planetary wheel 34 and the stirring arm 32, and the load resistance received by the stirring arm 32, the planetary ring 34 is relatively In order to perform eccentric rotation (one revolution and one rotation) in synchronism with the eccentric shaft 33 without causing escape and rotation, the stirring arm 32 is set so that the solid line locus of the point A of the stirring arm 32 in FIG. Performs a swivel motion about the spray axis 7 as a substantially swivel center. However, in reality, the friction force and the own weight of the planetary wheel 34 and the stirring arm 32 exist, and the stirring arm 32 receives load resistance and air resistance from the stored fertilizer. When the load resistance exceeds the attracting force of the magnetic coupling 35, the planetary ring 34 revolves along with the revolution with the eccentric shaft 33. However, the planetary ring 34 gradually escapes and rotates, so that the planetary ring 34 revolves according to the amount of escape. As long as the swirl speed of the stirring arm 32 is reduced, a locus length of circular vibration (vibration radius is the eccentric amount d) corresponding to the escape amount is added to the stirring arm 32, and the broken line locus in FIG. As shown by, the stirring arm 32 rotates eccentrically with an amount of eccentricity d with respect to the spray shaft 7 in the tank 25. In the case of an overload state, complete slip movement without dragging occurs in the magnetic coupling 35, so that the turning motion of the stirring arm 32 is stopped and the frequency of circular vibration is maximized. This maximum frequency is the revolution frequency of the planetary wheel 34.
[0008]
Therefore, even if a gap is generated in the relatively wettable stored fertilizer by stirring by the swirling motion of the stirring arm 32, the stored fertilizer is vibrated by the minute circular vibration of the stirring arm 32. Collapse can be induced and the fertilizer can be continuously stirred.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the fertilizer application device using the magnetic coupling has the following problems. That is, when the stored fertilizer with relatively wetness is filled, once the slip occurs in the magnetic coupling from the initial stage, the stirring arm 32 causes only a circular vibration and does not perform a turning motion, so that the scraping action does not work. For this reason, smooth continuous spraying is difficult.
[0010]
Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention continuously disperses even relatively wettable fertilizer by disposing a vibration plate for unwinding the fertilizer above the stirring arm that performs a swiveling motion. Is to provide a self-propelled fertilizer spreader that is sustainable.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a self-propelled fertilizer spray having a fertilizer drop hole at the bottom and a fertilizer tank for storing the fertilizer and a fertilizer stirring device for stirring the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank. In this machine, the fertilizer agitating device is supported by the longitudinal driven shaft in the tank for transmitting the rotational driving force from the lower part of the fertilizer tank to the tank, and swirls around the bottom of the fertilizer tank to agitate the stored fertilizer. a first stirring arm for, and coupled above the vertical driven shaft in the tank, whereas the eccentric shaft rotates eccentrically drives out predetermined eccentricity causes Zaisa via a bearing to the eccentric shaft A planetary body that is easy to rotate around the axis of the eccentric shaft, and a fertilizer-mounted diaphragm that has an outer peripheral edge up to a position close to the inner peripheral wall of the fertilizer tank and is prevented from rotating on the planetary body. It is characterized by comprising.
[0012]
When the fertilizer tank is filled with relatively wet storage fertilizer, a large amount of stored fertilizer accumulates in piles on the fertilizer-carrying diaphragm, and from the gap between the outer periphery of the fertilizer-carrying diaphragm and the inner peripheral wall of the tank. Fertilizer falls between the bottom and the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm. Since the fertilizer load is also shared by the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm, the resistance load acting on the first stirring arm is smaller than before. In addition, if the longitudinal driven shaft in the tank rotates and the eccentric shaft rotates eccentrically, bearing slip occurs due to a large load on the fertilizer-carrying diaphragm, and the planetary body cannot revolve and revolves. Becomes a circular circular trajectory moving body, and each point belonging to it causes a circular vibration with a predetermined eccentricity as a radius. The first stirring arm rotates by the rotation of the longitudinal driven shaft in the tank, a scraping action occurs, and the fertilizer mounting diaphragm vibrates circularly, so that the entire fertilizer mounted on it vibrates, The unraveled fertilizer falls onto the first stirring arm that swirls through the gap between the outer peripheral edge of the diaphragm and the inner peripheral wall of the fertilizer tank, and is scraped off by the first stirring arm. Eventually, when the amount of stored fertilizer decreases and remains on the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm, the load applied to the bearing becomes smaller than the frictional force, so in some cases the bearing slip stops and the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm rotates. Move to exercise and shake off some fertilizer with centrifugal force.
[0013]
Thus, above the first stirring arm that performs a swivel movement, a diaphragm for performing the buffer function of the fertilizer load in the tank and gradually unloading the deposited fertilizer to the first stirring arm side is disposed, Since it has a double bottom structure, continuous spraying can be continued even with relatively wetted stored fertilizer. Moreover, the resistance load of the first stirring arm can be reduced.
[0014]
As a fertilizer carrying diaphragm, what has a fertilizer fall hole is desirable. The fertilizer can be dropped also on the proximal end side of the first stirring arm, and the fertilizer can be prevented from remaining on the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm.
[0015]
If the fertilizer-carrying diaphragm is a perfect circle that is close enough to the inner peripheral wall of the tank, when the fertilizer-carrying diaphragm undergoes circular vibration, the fertilizer remains on the inner peripheral wall of the tank with a substantially uniform thickness, and the tank Since the fertilizer layer adhering to the inner peripheral wall has an annular shape with respect to the center of the tank and is relatively wettable, it has high repose on the inner peripheral wall of the tank and is not easily collapsed. However, if there are notches in at least two places around the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm, the thickness of the fertilizer layer adhering to the inner peripheral wall of the tank remains rather uneven. It is easy to peel off and fall as a lump at the part, and along with this, a thin fertilizer layer also falls. As a result, even in a relatively wet fertilizer, it is possible to suppress the residue in the tank.
[0016]
In addition to the first stirring arm, it is desirable that the eccentric shaft supports the second stirring arm on the side opposite to the first stirring arm. Fertilizer can be scraped into the bottom of the tank from the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm, the inner wall of the tank and the gap.
[0017]
Moreover, it is desirable that the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm be detachable from the planetary body. This is because by removing the fertilizer mounting diaphragm from the tank, not only cleaning of the bottom of the tank, but also fertilizer spraying without wettability can be performed while the fertilizer mounting diaphragm is not equipped.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of a self-propelled manure spreader according to the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fertilizer stirring device used in a self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an exploded state thereof, and FIG. The top view which shows the fertilizer mounting diaphragm used for a fertilizer stirring apparatus, FIG.4 (b) is the front view.
[0019]
The self-propelled fertilizer spreader of this example includes a vehicle body frame 1 including a pair of left and right front wheels, a driving wheel 1a (1b) and a tail wheel 1c, which is a control wheel, as in the structure shown in FIG. A small engine 2 mounted on the rear part of the frame 1, a steering bifurcated handle 3 a (3 b) extending rearward from the vertical frame 3 standing on the vehicle body frame 1, and a fertilizer spray mounted on the front part of the vehicle body frame 1 The motive power from the small engine 2 is transmitted to the transmission part 5 between the drive wheels 1a (1b) via the V-belt 2a, and is branched from the transmission part 5 to drive the horizontal driving axle 6 Are transmitted to the vertical spraying drive shaft 7. The engine speed is changed by operating an accelerator lever (not shown), and the traveling speed of the fertilizer spreader can be varied. In addition, a rotary spray plate 9 having a plurality of spray blades 9a is fixed to the spray drive shaft 7 via a boss portion 7a.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 1, a fertilizer tank (fertilizer hopper) 55 is mounted on a tank mounting base plate (not shown) above the rotary spray plate 9. The fertilizer fall adjustment plate mechanism has one or more fertilizer drop holes 55b formed in the bottom plate 55a of the fertilizer tank 55, and a fertilizer drop hole (not shown) aligned with the fertilizer drop holes 55b. A disc-shaped shutter plate 11 is provided which is superposed on the back surface of 55a and is rotatable around a bearing 7b.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fertilizer agitating device 100 has a longitudinally driven shaft 110 in the tank that is spliced to the spraying drive shaft 7 with a screw S1 in the tank, and an eccentric insertion shaft portion 110a on the upper portion. And an eccentric shaft 120 jointed with a screw S2. The vertical driven shaft 110 in the tank has a first stirring arm 110b in the radial direction for turning the bottom portion in the fertilizer tank so as to stir the stored fertilizer at the lower end side. Moreover, the eccentric shaft 120 has the 2nd stirring arm 120a for stirring a stored fertilizer in the lower end side in the radial direction.
[0022]
A bearing case 131 is fitted in the upper part of the eccentric shaft 120 with a retaining ring (not shown) in the circumferential groove 120b. A ball bearing 132 is loaded in the bearing case 131. The bearing case 131 is easy to rotate around the eccentric shaft 120. A mounting plate 133 is fixed to the upper surface of the bearing case 131 with screws S3 every three equally divided angles. An insertion protrusion 133a is fixed to the center of the mounting plate 133, and a pin hole H for inserting the retaining pin P is formed in the insertion protrusion 133a. The bearing case 131 and the mounting plate 133 constitute a planetary body 130 that can rotate while revolving with the in-tank longitudinal driven shaft 110 as a sun axis.
[0023]
On the mounting plate 133, a fertilizer accumulation diaphragm 140 having an outer peripheral edge up to a position close to the inner peripheral wall of the tank is prevented. As shown in FIG. 2, the fertilizer accumulation diaphragm 140 has a center hole h1 and screw head insertion holes h2 at every three equally divided angles. Since the screw head insertion hole h2 fits into the screw head of the screw S3, the fertilizer accumulation diaphragm 140 is prevented from rotating. Further, since the retaining pin P is inserted into the pin hole H of the insertion protrusion 133a protruding from the center hole h1, the fertilizer accumulation diaphragm 140 is retained on the planetary body 130.
[0024]
This fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 has two relatively large fertilizer dropping holes 140a at 180 ° rotationally symmetric positions. Further, since the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 has relatively large substantially fan-shaped notch portions 140b at two positions on the outer periphery perpendicular to the line connecting both fertilizer drop holes 140a, a perfect circular disk is not. In addition, two parallel aggregates 141 for enhancing the bending rigidity are fixed to the back surface of the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140.
[0025]
In such a self-propelled fertilizer spreader, when the stored fertilizer with relatively wetness such as compost is filled in the fertilizer tank 55, a large amount of stored fertilizer is piled up on the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm 140, and the fertilizer The fertilizer falls between the bottom of the tank and the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 from the gap between the outer peripheral edge of the mounting diaphragm 140 and the inner peripheral wall of the tank. The load of the entire fertilizer is not applied to the bottom of the tank, and the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 supports a considerable load. Therefore, the resistance load acting on the first stirring arm 110b is larger than that without the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140. Small. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the driving load. Further, when the spraying shaft 9 rotates, the longitudinal driven shaft 110 in the tank rotates and the eccentric shaft 120 rotates eccentrically, and the ball bearing 132 slips due to a large load on the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140. As a result, the bearing case 132 cannot rotate and only revolves (one rotation and one revolution). Accordingly, the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm 140 becomes a circular circular trajectory moving body, and each point belonging thereto has a predetermined eccentricity as a radius. Cause circular vibration. The first agitating arm 110b performs a revolving motion by the rotation of the longitudinal driven shaft 110 in the tank, and a scraping action is generated via the fertilizer dropping adjustment plate mechanism, and the second agitating arm 120a is revolved by the eccentric rotation of the eccentric shaft 120. Then, the fertilizer is scraped into the tank bottom from the gap between the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 and the inner peripheral wall of the tank. In addition, since the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 causes circular vibration, the entire fertilizer mounted thereon is vibrated and broken off, and the fertilizer passes through the gap between the outer periphery of the diaphragm 140 and the inner peripheral wall of the fertilizer tank. Depressed. Eventually, when the accumulated fertilizer decreases and remains on the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm 140, the slip of the bearing stops in some cases due to the frictional force of the ball bearing 132, and the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm 140 changes from circular vibration to swivel motion. The fertilizer on the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 is shaken off by centrifugal force.
[0026]
Thus, since the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 is provided above the first stirring arm 110b that performs the swiveling motion to support the fertilizer and vibrate it, it is relatively wettable. Continuous spraying is sustainable even with stored fertilizer.
[0027]
The fertilizer-mounted diaphragm 140 may be a mesh-like perforated plate, but if it is a small hole, it is difficult to collapse due to the anchor effect, and clogging is likely to occur, so it is desirable to form a large hole. Since the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 has two large fertilizer drop holes 140a, the fertilizer can be dropped also on the base end side of the first stirring arm 110b, and the fertilizer on the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 can be removed. Residual can be prevented.
[0028]
If the fertilizer-carrying diaphragm 140 is a perfect circle that is close enough to the inner peripheral wall of the tank, when the fertilizer-carrying diaphragm 140 vibrates circularly, the fertilizer remains on the inner peripheral wall with a substantially uniform thickness. Since the fertilizer layer adhering to the inner peripheral wall of the tank is annular with respect to the center of the tank and is relatively wettable, the repose of the fertilizer layer on the inner peripheral wall of the tank is high and is not easily collapsed. However, since the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 has the notches 140b in at least two places around the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140, the thickness of the fertilizer layer adhering to the inner peripheral wall of the tank remains rather uneven. The portion of the thick fertilizer layer left by 140b is easy to collapse and peel as a lump, and accordingly, the thin fertilizer layer also collapses. As a result, even in a relatively wet fertilizer, it is possible to suppress the residue in the tank.
[0029]
Since the second stirring arm 120b is located above the first stirring arm 110b and is supported on the opposite side to the first stirring arm 110b by 180 °, it disturbs the stirring action of the first stirring arm 110b. The fertilizer can be scraped into the bottom of the tank from the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140, the tank inner peripheral wall and the gap.
[0030]
Further, the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 is detachable from the planetary body 130 with a screw S3. This is because by removing the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 to the outside of the tank, not only cleaning the bottom of the tank but also the fertilizer application without wettability can be performed without the fertilizer mounting diaphragm 140 being equipped.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to the present invention, the function of buffering the fertilizer load in the tank is achieved above the first stirring arm that performs the turning motion, and the deposited fertilizer is gradually added to the first fertilizer. Since the diaphragm for unwinding to the stirring arm side is arranged, continuous spraying can be continued even with a relatively fertile stored fertilizer. Moreover, the resistance load of the first stirring arm can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal front view showing a fertilizer stirring device used in a self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the fertilizer stirring device.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal front view showing an exploded state of the fertilizer agitator.
4A is a plan view showing a fertilizer-mounted diaphragm used in the fertilizer stirring device, and FIG. 4B is a front view thereof.
FIG. 5 is a left side view showing the overall appearance of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader before the improvement of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fertilizer stirring device in the self-propelled fertilizer spreader.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a plan view for explaining a motion form of a stirring arm in the fertilizer stirring device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Body frame 1a, 1b ... Drive wheel 1c ... Tail wheel 2 ... Small engine 2a ... V-belt 3 ... Vertical frame 3a, 3b ... Steering bifurcated handle 5 ... Transmission part 6 ... Travel drive axle 7 ... Scatter drive shaft 7a ... Boss part 9 ... Rotating spray plate 9a ... Spray blade 11 ... Disk shutter plate 55 ... Fertilizer tank (fertilizer hopper)
55a ... Bottom plate 55b ... Fertilizer dropping hole 100 ... Fertilizer stirring device 110 ... Vertical driven shaft 110a in the tank ... Eccentric insertion shaft 110b ... First stirring arm 120 ... Eccentric shaft 120 ... Eccentric shaft 120a ... Second stirring arm 120b ... Circumferential groove 130 ... Planetary body 131 ... Bearing case 132 ... Ball bearing 133 ... Mounting plate 133a ... Insertion protrusion 140 ... Fertilizer accumulation diaphragm 140a ... Fertilizer drop hole 140b ... Substantially fan-shaped notch 141 ... Aggregate S1, S2, S3 ... Screw H ... Pin hole P ... Retaining pin h1 ... Center hole h2 ... Screw head insertion hole

Claims (5)

In a self-propelled fertilizer spreader having a fertilizer drop hole at the bottom and having a fertilizer tank for storing fertilizer and a fertilizer stirring device for stirring fertilizer in this fertilizer tank,
The fertilizer stirring device is supported by a vertical driven shaft in the tank for transmitting rotational driving force from the lower part of the fertilizer tank into the tank, and swirls around the bottom of the fertilizer tank to stir the stored fertilizer a first stirring arm for, coupled above the tank longitudinal driven shaft, whereas the eccentric shaft rotates eccentrically drives out predetermined eccentricity, through stationary bearing against the eccentric shaft A fertilizer mounted having a planetary body that is easy to rotate around the axis of the eccentric shaft and an outer peripheral edge close to the inner peripheral wall of the fertilizer tank and that is prevented from rotating on the planetary body A self-propelled fertilizer spreader characterized by comprising a diaphragm. 2. The self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm has a fertilizer drop hole. 3. The self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm has notches at least at two locations around the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm. 4. The self-propelled manure spreader according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the eccentric shaft supports a second stirring arm on a side opposite to the first stirring arm. Self-propelled fertilizer spreader. The self-propelled manure spreader according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fertilizer-mounted diaphragm is detachable from the planetary body. Machine.

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