JP3750222B2 - Dismantling method of spherical tank - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method suitable for application when dismantling a spherical tank.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When disassembling the spherical tank, a temporary scaffold that reaches the top of the head is assembled around the spherical tank, and an operator stands on the foothold and cuts the wall that forms the shell of the spherical tank from the top of the head. A method is generally performed in which work is performed and the cut portions are sequentially suspended on the ground using a crane.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional dismantling methods as described above, work at high places occupies the majority, so not only the workability is poor, but also the problem that assembly of the scaffold prior to dismantling and removal of the scaffold after dismantling requires a lot of labor and cost. there were.
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an effective dismantling method that minimizes work at height and does not require a scaffold.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a means for solving the above-described problems, the method for disassembling a spherical tank according to claim 1 comprises the steps of: disassembling the spherical tank by dividing the spherical tank into an upper hemisphere portion located above the equator and a lower hemisphere portion located below. In the upper hemisphere, a guide rail is installed along the side of the tank between the existing parietal scaffold near the top of the head and the existing equator near the equator. It is characterized by comprising a step of cutting the upper hemisphere by operating an automatic cutting machine along the rail.
[0006]
Furthermore, the dismantling method of the spherical tank described in claim 2 is the dismantling method of the spherical tank described in claim 1, wherein the top hemisphere portion is left as it is while leaving the top scaffold and the top wall portion where the scaffold is installed. Cutting from the top wall part and the lower hemisphere part while cutting the other side wall part from the top wall part and the lower hemisphere part, leaving only the process of cutting radially from the top wall part side and leaving only the one that supports the top wall part among the plurality of side wall parts It is characterized by comprising a step of removing one by one, a step of removing the top wall part supported by the remaining side wall part, and a step of removing the side wall part supporting the top wall part. .
[0007]
Further, the dismantling method of the spherical tank described in claim 3, when disassembling the spherical tank, the dismantling is carried out separately in an upper hemisphere portion located above the equator and a lower hemisphere portion located below. For the lower hemisphere after dismantling the upper hemisphere, a guide rail is installed along the side of the tank between the existing equator scaffolding near the equator and the bottom wall, and an automatic cutting machine is installed along the guide rail. It is characterized by comprising a step of cutting the lower hemisphere by operating.
[0008]
Further, as a method for dismantling the spherical tank described in claim 4, in the method for dismantling the spherical tank described in claim 3, the step of cutting the lower hemisphere portion radially from the bottom wall portion side, and dividing into a plurality of methods A step of removing each side wall portion while cutting and separating each side wall portion from the equator portion scaffold.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of a method for disassembling a spherical tank according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Figure 1 is a spherical tank T to be dismantled, side view and an automatic cutter C which is installed in a semi-spherical portion T _u on located on the equator to cut the side wall portion W _u of the spherical tank T It is a thing.
The spherical tank T is supported by a plurality of support legs L that are erected on the ground G at equal intervals, and these support legs L are joined near the equator of the tank body. In the vicinity of the equator where the support legs L are joined, an equator scaffold _Se is installed along the equator so as to surround the periphery of the tank body. Furthermore, a top scaffold _Sc is installed in the vicinity of the top of the tank body so as to draw a circle.
[0010]
Automatic cutting machine C is performs a cutting while traveling along a side wall portion W _u guide rails R _u placed along the cut portion of the upper hemisphere T _u, parietal scaffolding S _t equator guide rail R _u are installed between the scaffolding S _e, the automatic cutting machine C on the guide rail R _u is equipped with. The guide rail R _u parietal scaffolding S _t side, the equatorial portion scaffolding S _e side both in stationary, withdrawal has easily performed structure, portions to be then cut and remove this After completing the cutting of a portion It is possible to move and install. Further, the automatic cutter C employs a gas cutter equipped with a gas burner as a cutting means.
[0011]
Figure 2 is a lower hemispherical portion T _d which is located below the equator of the spherical tank T, and an automatic cutter C for cutting the side wall portion W _d is installed in the lower hemisphere T _d, the upper hemispherical portion This is a plan view from above after _Tu dismantling.
Lower hemisphere portion T _d is the equator scaffolding S _e is supported by the supporting leg L is left down the inside by the upper hemispherical portion T _u is dismantled is open.
[0012]
Automatic cutting machine C is obtained by using the dismantling of the upper hemispherical portion T _u, to the inside of the lower hemisphere portion T _d, erection over between the bottom wall B of the equator scaffolding S _e and a lower hemispherical portion T _{d Is} mounted on the guide rail _Rd . The guide rail R _d has a structure that can be easily fixed and detached on both the equatorial scaffold _Se side and the bottom wall B side. It can be moved and installed.
[0013]
A process of disassembling the spherical tank T using the automatic cutter C installed in the upper hemisphere part _Tu and the lower hemisphere part _Td as described above will be described. Incidentally, dismantling it shall be carried out divided into the upper hemisphere portion T _u and a lower hemispherical portion T _d, as is the order, first and subsequently dismantled upper hemisphere portion T _u dismantling the lower hemisphere T _d.
[0014]
[1. Dismantling of the upper hemisphere part T _u]
[1-1. Cutting of the side wall portion W _u]
Using an automated cutting machine C shown in FIG. 1, to cut the top portion scaffolding S _t and a top wall portion P which this is placed over the hemispherical portion T _u radially as shown in Fig. 3 while leaving intact. At this stage, breaks the upper hemisphere T _u is formed only between the parietal scaffolding S _t and the equatorial portion scaffolding S _e, each side wall portion W _u diced into a plurality still ceiling wall portion P and the lower hemisphere It remains connected to the part _Td .
[0015]
[1-2. Removal of the side wall portion W _u]
The divided side wall portions W _u are removed one by one. At this time, previously suspended and supported in advance crane sidewall portion W _u of removal, completely separated from the tank body was cut separating the side wall portion W _u from the top wall portion P and the lower hemisphere T _d, a crane Hanging down. This cutting / separating operation is performed in accordance with this order after considering a regular order so as not to break the weight balance of the tank body, and each side wall part W _u is removed.
Incidentally, each part of the side wall portion W _u and connected with the top wall portion P side and the lower hemispherical portion T _d side, cutting operator operates the manual cutting machine rests on top portion scaffolding S _t and the equatorial portion scaffolding S _e To do.
[0016]
The numbers shown in FIG. 4A indicate the order in which the side wall portions W _u and the top wall portion P are removed. First, remove the first to third side walls W _u to the second and third, and then remove the second and third side walls W _u to the fourth and third sheets (one of which has already been removed) across the side wall portion W _u of the closed) was removed to fifth and sixth, further two sheets (one inner already 7th across the side wall portion Wu dismantled already), 3 sheets (two sheets inner already It was removed until 8,9 number across the side wall portion W _u of the removed already), completing the removal to the state in Figure 4 (b).
[0017]
[1-3. Removal of top wall P]
The 10th ceiling wall part P is removed from the state of FIG.4 (b). At this time, similarly to the side wall portion W _u , the ceiling wall portion P is suspended and supported by a crane in advance, and cut from the 11th, 12th, and 13th sidewall portions W _u that support the ceiling wall portion P. Separate and completely separate from the tank body, suspend with a crane and finish removal to the state of FIG. Incidentally, each part of the side wall portion W _u and connected with the top wall portion P side and the lower hemispherical portion T _d side, cutting operator operates the manual cutting machine rests on top portion scaffolding S _t and the equatorial portion scaffolding S _e However, since there is a danger in cutting the top wall P, it is preferable to prepare an aerial work vehicle separately from the crane and work on it.
[0018]
[1-4. Removal of the remaining side wall portion W _u]
The 11th, 12th, and 13th side wall portions W _u remaining from the state of FIG. 4C are removed. Over this time, leave suspended in advance crane the side walls W _u to remove the support, completely separated from the tank body was cut separating the side wall portion W _u of the lower semi-spherical portion T _d, and down hanging by crane complete dismantling of hemispherical unit T _u.
[0019]
[2. Demolition of lower hemisphere _Td ]
[2-1. Cutting of the side wall portion W _d]
Using the automatic cutting machine C shown in FIG. 2, the lower hemisphere _Td is cut radially as shown in FIG. 5 while leaving the bottom wall B of the tank body as it is. At this stage, breaks lower hemisphere portion T _d is formed only between the equatorial portion scaffolding S _e and the bottom wall portion B, each side wall portion W _d diced into a plurality still equator scaffolding S _e and bottom wall It is in a state of being connected to the part B.
[0020]
[2-2. Removal of the side wall portion W _d]
The divided side wall portions W _d are removed one by one. At this time, previously suspended and supported in advance crane sidewall portion W _d to remove, completely separated from the tank body was cut separating the side wall portion W _d of the equator portion scaffolding S _e and the bottom wall portion B, and a crane Hanging down. A regular order is examined for this work so as not to break the weight balance of the tank body, and the side wall portions _Wd are removed in accordance with this.
Incidentally, each part of the equatorial portion led sidewall portion W _d scaffolding S _e side and bottom wall portion B side, the worker cuts by operating the manual cutter from the equatorial portion scaffolding S _e and ground G.
[0021]
The numbers shown in FIG. 5 indicate the order in which the side wall portions W _d and the top wall portion P are removed. In accordance with this order, the side wall portions W _d are removed, and the dismantling of the lower hemisphere portion T _d is completed.
[0022]
[3. Removal of the support leg L and the equatorial portion scaffolding S _e]
After the dismantling of the tank body is completed, the supporting leg L is suspended and supported in advance by a crane as shown in FIG. 6, and the supporting leg L is cut and separated from the equatorial scaffold _Se and the foundation and completely separated from the tank. , Suspended with a crane. This operation is performed for all the support legs L to complete the dismantling of the spherical tank T.
[0023]
If the spherical tank T is disassembled as described above, the cutting operation of the upper hemisphere portion _Tu and the lower hemisphere portion _Td can be automatically performed by employing the automatic cutting machine C. Thereby, not only can the workability of the cutting work at a high place be remarkably improved, but also the safety of the dismantling work can be increased by reducing the work at the high place.
[0024]
Further, when dismantling of the upper hemispherical portion T _u, the top portion scaffolding S _t and the equatorial portion scaffold Se of the existing, together effectively use this in an automatic cutting machine C and併Align as a scaffold during demolition, was cut into a plurality By devising the order of removal of the side wall portion W _u and the top wall portion P above it, the dismantling can proceed without assembling a scaffold around the upper hemispherical portion _Tu .
Furthermore, even when dismantling the lower hemisphere portion T _d, together effectively use this in an automatic cutting machine C and併Align the equator scaffolding S _e of the existing as a scaffold upon disassembly, the side wall portion W _d and was cut into multiple By devising the order of removal of the bottom wall portion B below, disassembly can proceed without assembling a scaffold around the lower hemispherical portion _Td .
As a result, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost required to assemble the scaffold and remove the scaffold after dismantling the spherical tank, and to greatly reduce the total cost for dismantling the spherical tank T.
[0025]
Note that when dismantling of the upper hemispherical portion T _u, dismantling of the side wall portion W _u and top wall P which is cut into a plurality may not strictly follow the order described in the present embodiment. For example, it is necessary to leave the side wall portion W _u that supports the top wall portion P, but the order of removal of the other side wall portions W _u depends on conditions such as the state of the spherical tank T to be disassembled and the installation location. It may be determined by appropriate examination. The same applies to the removal of the side wall portion W _d and the bottom wall portion B cut into a plurality of parts when the lower hemisphere portion T _d is disassembled.
[0026]
In the present embodiment, the gas cutting machine including the gas burner is employed as the cutting means. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and an automatic cutting machine C including other cutting means may be employed.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the dismantling method of the spherical tank described in claim 1, a guide rail is installed between the existing equator scaffold and the existing top pedestal scaffold in the tank. By operating the automatic cutting machine along, the cutting operation of the side wall of the upper hemisphere can be automatically performed. Thereby, not only can the workability of the cutting work at a high place be greatly improved when the upper hemisphere is disassembled, but the safety work of the dismantling work can be increased by reducing the work at the high place itself.
[0028]
According to the method for disassembling a spherical tank according to claim 2, the existing parietal scaffold and equator scaffold are effectively used together with an automatic cutting machine as a scaffold for disassembling the upper hemisphere, By devising the order of removal of the side wall portion and the top wall portion above it, disassembly can proceed without assembling a scaffold around the upper hemisphere portion. As a result, the labor and cost required to assemble the scaffold and dismantle the scaffold after dismantling the spherical hemisphere can be reduced, and the total cost of dismantling the spherical tank can be greatly reduced. Can do.
[0029]
According to the method for disassembling a spherical tank according to claim 3, a guide rail is installed between the existing equator scaffold and the bottom wall of the tank, and the automatic cutting machine is operated along the guide rail. By doing so, the cutting operation of the side wall of the lower hemisphere can be automatically performed. Thereby, not only can the workability of the cutting work at a high place be greatly improved when the lower hemisphere is disassembled, but the safety work of the dismantling work can be increased by reducing the work at the high place itself.
[0030]
According to the method for disassembling the spherical tank described in claim 4, the existing equatorial scaffold is effectively used in conjunction with an automatic cutting machine as a scaffold for dismantling the lower hemisphere, and is divided into a plurality of parts. By devising the order of removal of the side wall portion and the bottom wall portion below the side wall portion, disassembly can proceed without assembling a scaffold around the lower hemisphere portion. As a result, the labor and cost required to assemble the scaffold and dismantle the scaffold after dismantling the lower hemisphere can be reduced, and the total cost of dismantling the spherical tank can be greatly reduced. Can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state where an automatic cutting device is installed in an upper hemisphere portion.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which an automatic cutting device is installed in the lower hemisphere part after dismantling the upper hemisphere part.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a step of removing a side wall portion after cutting and separation.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the order of removing the plurality of side walls and the top wall, and the state of the upper hemisphere that is dismantled according to the order.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an order of removing a side wall portion and a bottom wall portion cut into a plurality of portions.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a process of removing the last remaining supporting leg and equatorial scaffold.
[Explanation of symbols]
T spherical tank T _u hemispherical portion T _d under hemispherical portion W _u, W _d sidewall portion P top wall B bottom wall C automatic cutting machine R _u, R _d guide rail S _t parietal scaffolding S _e equator scaffold

Claims (4)

When dismantling the spherical tank, the dismantling shall be carried out separately in the upper hemisphere part located above the equator and the lower hemisphere part located below,
For the upper hemisphere, a guide rail is installed along the side of the tank between the existing parietal scaffold near the top of the head and the existing equatorial scaffold near the equator, and an automatic cutter is operated along the guide rail. A method for disassembling a spherical tank, comprising the step of cutting the upper hemisphere by causing the upper hemisphere to cut. The method for disassembling a spherical tank according to claim 1,
Cutting the upper hemisphere part radially from the top wall part side, leaving the top part scaffold and the top wall part where it is installed as it is,
The step of removing one by one while cutting and separating the other side wall part from the top wall part and the lower hemisphere part, leaving only the one that supports the top wall part among the plurality of side wall parts cut,
Removing the top wall supported by the remaining side wall;
And a step of removing the side wall portion supporting the top wall portion. When dismantling the spherical tank, the dismantling shall be carried out separately in the upper hemisphere part located above the equator and the lower hemisphere part located below,
For the lower hemisphere after dismantling the upper hemisphere, a guide rail is installed along the side of the tank between the existing equator scaffolding near the equator and the bottom wall, and an automatic cutting machine is installed along the guide rail. A method for disassembling the spherical tank, comprising the step of cutting the lower hemisphere portion by actuating. The method for disassembling a spherical tank according to claim 3,
Cutting the lower hemisphere part radially from the bottom wall part side;
A method of disassembling the spherical tank, comprising: removing each of the side walls divided into a plurality of pieces while cutting and separating from the equatorial scaffold.

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