JP3750520B2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents
Refrigeration equipment Download PDFInfo
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- JP3750520B2 JP3750520B2 JP2000374315A JP2000374315A JP3750520B2 JP 3750520 B2 JP3750520 B2 JP 3750520B2 JP 2000374315 A JP2000374315 A JP 2000374315A JP 2000374315 A JP2000374315 A JP 2000374315A JP 3750520 B2 JP3750520 B2 JP 3750520B2
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- oil
- compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—Component parts or details not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
- F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—Component parts or details not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、冷凍装置に関し、特に、2台の圧縮機を備えた冷凍装置に係るものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、空気調和装置には、特開平10−132406号公報に開示されているように、室外ユニットと室内ユニットとが接続された冷媒回路を備えているものがある。上記室外ユニットは、いわゆるツイン型圧縮機に構成され、第1圧縮機と第2圧縮機とが並列に接続された圧縮機構を備えている。
【0003】
そして、上記第1圧縮機と第2圧縮機とを駆動停止して空調能力を制御するようにしている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上述したように、従来のツイン型圧縮機の圧縮機構は、第1圧縮機と第2圧縮機とが共に低圧ドームで構成されていた。したがって、COP(成績係数)が悪いという問題がった。
【0005】
つまり、各圧縮機に吸い込まれた冷媒が圧縮機ドーム内の油(潤滑油)と熱交換する。この結果、冷房運転時において、冷媒熱量の一部が油の冷却に使用されるので、冷房能力が低下するという問題があった。
【0006】
本発明は、斯かる点に鑑みて成されたもので、COPの向上を図ることを目的とし、特に、冷房運転時の能力の拡大を図ることを目的とするものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
具体的に、図1に示すように、第1の発明は、熱源ユニット(11)と利用ユニット(12,13)とが冷媒循環可能に接続されて成る冷媒回路(15)を備えた冷凍装置を対象としている。そして、上記熱源ユニット(11)には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機(41)と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機(42)とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構(40)が設けられている。更に、該圧縮機構(40)の吐出側には、油分離器(51)が設けられ、該油分離器(51)と圧縮機構(40)の吸込み側との間には、油分離器(51)で分離された油を圧縮機構(40)に戻す油戻し管(52)が接続され、該油戻し管(52)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構(53)が設けられている。加えて、上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機(41)に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側に供給する均油管(54)が接続され、該均油管(54)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構(55)が設けられている。
【0008】
また、上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構(53)と均油開閉機構(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行う。
【0009】
その上、上記第2圧縮機(42)が駆動している状態で第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する前には、油戻し制御を禁止する構成としている。
【0010】
第2の発明は、熱源ユニット( 11 )と利用ユニット( 12 , 13 )とが冷媒循環可能に接続されて成る冷媒回路( 15 )を備えた冷凍装置を対象としている。そして、上記熱源ユニット( 11 )には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機( 41 )と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機( 42 )とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構( 40 )が設けられている。更に、該圧縮機構( 40 )の吐出側には、油分離器( 51 )が設けられ、該油分離器( 51 )と圧縮機構( 40 )の吸込み側との間には、油分離器( 51 )で分離された油を圧縮機構( 40 )に戻す油戻し管( 52 )が接続され、該油戻し管( 52 )には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構( 53 )が設けられている。加えて、上記第1圧縮機( 41 )と第2圧縮機( 42 )の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機( 41 )に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機( 42 )の吸込み側に供給する均油管( 54 )が接続され、該均油管( 54 )には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構( 55 )が設けられている。
【0011】
また、上記第1圧縮機( 41 )と第2圧縮機( 42 )とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構( 53 )と均油開閉機構( 55 )とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行う。
【0012】
その上、上記第2圧縮機(42)が駆動している状態で第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する直前には、均油開閉機構(55)を連通状態に保持する構成としている。
【0013】
第3の発明は、熱源ユニット( 11 )と利用ユニット( 12 , 13 )とが冷媒循環可能に接続されて成る冷媒回路( 15 )を備えた冷凍装置を対象としている。そして、上記熱源ユニット( 11 )には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機( 41 )と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機( 42 )とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構( 40 )が設けられている。更に、該圧縮機構( 40 )の吐出側には、油分離器( 51 )が設けられ、該油分離器( 51 )と圧縮機構( 40 )の吸込み側との間には、油分離器( 51 )で分離された油を圧縮機構( 40 )に戻す油戻し管( 52 )が接続され、該油戻し管( 52 )には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構( 53 )が設けられている。加えて、上記第1圧縮機( 41 )と第2圧縮機( 42 )の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機( 41 )に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機( 42 )の吸込み側に供給する均油管( 54 )が接続され、該均油管( 54 )には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構( 55 )が設けられている。
【0014】
また、上記第1圧縮機( 41 )と第2圧縮機( 42 )とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構( 53 )と均油開閉機構( 55 )とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態 とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行う。
【0015】
その上、上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動しているときには、第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転が所定時間継続すると、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を一旦停止し、第2圧縮機(42)の運転容量を増大させる構成としている。
【0016】
第4の発明は、熱源ユニット( 11 )と利用ユニット( 12 , 13 )とが冷媒循環可能に接続されて成る冷媒回路( 15 )を備えた冷凍装置を対象としている。そして、上記熱源ユニット( 11 )には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機( 41 )と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機( 42 )とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構( 40 )が設けられている。更に、該圧縮機構( 40 )の吐出側には、油分離器( 51 )が設けられ、該油分離器( 51 )と圧縮機構( 40 )の吸込み側との間には、油分離器( 51 )で分離された油を圧縮機構( 40 )に戻す油戻し管( 52 )が接続され、該油戻し管( 52 )には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構( 53 )が設けられている。加えて、上記第1圧縮機( 41 )と第2圧縮機( 42 )の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機( 41 )に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機( 42 )の吸込み側に供給する均油管( 54 )が接続され、該均油管( 54 )には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構( 55 )が設けられている。
【0017】
また、上記第1圧縮機( 41 )と第2圧縮機( 42 )とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構( 53 )と均油開閉機構( 55 )とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行う。
【0018】
その上、上記第2圧縮機(42)が異常停止し、第1圧縮機(41)のみが駆動しているときには、均油開閉機構(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し開閉機構(53)のみを所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換える構成としている。
【0019】
第5の発明は、熱源ユニット( 11 )と利用ユニット( 12 , 13 )とが冷媒循環可能に接続されて成る冷媒回路( 15 )を備えた冷凍装置を対象としている。そして、上記熱源ユニット( 11 )には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機( 41 )と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機( 42 )とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構( 40 )が設けられている。更に、該圧縮機構( 40 )の吐出側には、油分離器( 51 )が設けられ、該油分離器( 51 )と圧縮機構( 40 )の吸込み側との間には、油分離器( 51 )で分離された油を圧縮機構( 40 )に戻す油戻し管( 52 )が接続され、該油戻し管( 52 )には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構( 53 )が設けられている。加えて、上記第1圧縮機( 41 )と第2圧縮機( 42 )の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機( 41 )に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機( 42 )の吸込み側に供給する均油管( 54 )が接続され、該均油管( 54 )には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構( 55 )が設けられている。
【0020】
また、上記第1圧縮機( 41 )と第2圧縮機( 42 )とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構( 53 )と均油開閉機構( 55 )とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行う。
【0021】
その上、上記第2圧縮機(42)が起動する際には、均油開閉機構(55)を遮断状態に保持する構成としている。
【0022】
また、第6の発明は、第1〜5の何れか1の発明において、油戻し管(52)に油を冷却する冷却機構(56)が設けられた構成としている。
【0023】
また、第7の発明は、第1〜5の何れか1の発明において、均油管(54)に油を冷却する冷却機構(57)が設けられた構成としている。
【0024】
また、第8の発明は、第1〜5の何れか1の発明において、油分離器(51)は、第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)との吐出冷媒が合流して流れる吐出管(44)の主管部分に設けられた構成としている。
【0025】
また、第9の発明は、第1〜5の何れか1の発明において、油戻し管(52)の圧縮機構(40)側の端部は、第1圧縮機(41)に接続される吸入管(43)の吸入枝管(43a)に接続された構成としている。
【0026】
また、第10の発明は、第9の発明において、第1圧縮機(41)に接続される吸入管(43)の吸入枝管(43a)と第2圧縮機(42)に接続される吸入管(43)の吸入枝管(43b)とが相互に流通自在に構成されたものである。
【0027】
すなわち、本発明では、圧縮機構(40)の起動は、例えば、第2圧縮機(42)から行われる。そして、該第2圧縮機(42)を起動する際、均油開閉機構(55)を遮断状態に保持する。
【0028】
続いて、上記第2圧縮機(42)の駆動時において、均油開閉機構(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し開閉機構(53)のみを所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換える。つまり、この状態において、第1圧縮機(41)が停止してるので、均油開閉機構(55)を遮断状態に保持する。この場合、第2圧縮機(42)が駆動しているので、第2圧縮機(42)の内部の油は、冷媒と共に流出し、油分離器(51)で分離される。この分離された油は、油戻し開閉機構(53)が開くと、油戻し管(52)を通り、第2圧縮機(42)に戻る。その際、上記油は、油戻し管(52)の途中で冷却機構(56)で冷却される。
【0029】
その後、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を開始する際、油戻し開閉機構(53)と均油開閉機構(55)を共に遮断状態に所定時間の間維持する。また、上記第1圧縮機(41)を駆動する直前において、均油開閉機構(55)を連通状態にする。
【0030】
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動している状態において、油戻し開閉機構(53)と均油開閉機構(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行う。つまり、上記第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)の内部の油は、冷媒と共に流出し、油分離器(51)で分離される。この油分離器(51)の油を油戻し管(52)から第1圧縮機(41)に一旦戻す。その後、該第1圧縮機(41)から均油管(54)を介して第2圧縮機(42)に戻す。その際、上記油は、油戻し管(52)及び均油管(54)の途中で冷却機構(56,57)で冷却される。
【0031】
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動している状態において、第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転が所定時間継続すると、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を一旦停止し、第2圧縮機(42)の運転容量を増大させ、冷媒回路(15)に吐出する油を多くし、油分離器(51)などの油量を多くし、均油を行う。
【0032】
一方、上記第2圧縮機(42)が異常停止すると、第1圧縮機(41)のみを駆動し、均油開閉機構(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し開閉機構(53)のみが所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
したがって、本発明によれば、上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とを共に高圧ドームで構成したために、COP(成績係数)を向上させることができる。
【0034】
つまり、各圧縮機(41,42)に吸い込まれた冷媒が圧縮機ドーム内の油と熱交換することなく圧縮される。この結果、冷房運転時において、吸入冷媒の熱量が油の冷却に使用されず、圧縮された高圧冷媒が圧縮機ドーム内の油と熱交換して一部が凝縮する。よって、冷房運転時のCOPを向上させることができる。
【0035】
また、上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動している状態において、油戻し開閉機構(53)と均油開閉機構(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わるようにしたために、油を第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とに確実に戻すことができる。
【0036】
従来、低圧ドームの2台の圧縮機を備えたツイン型圧縮機では、2つの圧縮機ドームに均油管(54)を接続していた。しかしながら、この方式では、高圧ドームの2台の圧縮機を備えた場合、油戻しを正確に行うことができない。
【0037】
そこで、本実施形態では、上記第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)から流出した冷媒を油分離器(51)で捕集し、この油分離器(51)の油を油戻し管(52)から第1圧縮機(41)に一旦戻す。その後、該第1圧縮機(41)の余剰の油を均油管(54)から第2圧縮機(42)に戻し、油戻しを正確に行うようにしている。
【0038】
また、上記第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する直前に均油開閉機構(55)を連通状態に保持するようにしたために、起動不良を防止することができる。つまり、第1圧縮機(41)の内部圧力を低下させると共に、油に寝込んだ冷媒を除くことができるので、起動不良を防止することができる。
【0039】
また、上記第1圧縮機(41)が駆動すると共に、第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転が所定時間継続すると、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を一旦停止し、第2圧縮機(42)の運転容量を増大させるので、均油を正確に行うことができる。つまり、上記第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転時は、第2圧縮機(42)から冷媒回路(15)に流出する油が少なく、第2圧縮機(42)に溜まる油が多くなる。そこで、上記第2圧縮機(42)の容量を一旦増大し、冷媒回路(15)に吐出する油を多くし、均油を行うようにしている。
【0040】
また、上記第2圧縮機(42)が異常停止し、第1圧縮機(41)のみが駆動しているときには、均油開閉機構(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し開閉機構(53)のみが所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わるようにしたために、第2圧縮機(42)への高圧冷媒の漏れを確実に防止することができる。
【0041】
また、上記第2圧縮機(42)が起動する際、均油開閉機構(55)が遮断状態に保持されるようにしたために、第1圧縮機(41)の油を第2圧縮機(42)が吸入することが確実に防止される。
【0042】
また、上記油戻し管(52)又は均油管(54)に油の冷却機構(56,57)を設けるようにすると、第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)の内部温度を低下させることができる。この結果、圧縮機構(40)の信頼性を向上させることができると共に、運転範囲の拡大を図ることができる。更に、圧縮機構(40)の吸入冷媒の日体積を小さくすることができるので、圧縮機能力の向上を図ることができる。
【0043】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
【0044】
図1に示すように、空気調和装置(10)は、冷凍装置を構成し、冷房運転と暖房運転とを切り換えて行うように構成されている。
【0045】
上記空気調和装置(10)は、熱源側ユニットである1台の室外ユニット(11)と利用側ユニットである2台の室内ユニット(12,13)とを備え、いわゆるマルチ型に構成されている。また、上記空気調和装置(10)は、冷媒回路(15)と制御手段であるコントローラ(90)とを備えている。
【0046】
尚、本実施形態では室内ユニット(12,13)を2台としている。これは一例であり、室内ユニットの台数は、室外ユニット(11)の能力や用途に応じて適宜定めればよい(1台の場合も含む)。
【0047】
上記冷媒回路(15)は、熱源側回路である1つの室外回路(20)と、利用側回路である2つの室内回路(60,65)と、連絡配管である液側連絡管(16)及びガス側連絡管(17)とにより構成されている。該室外回路(20)には、液側連絡管(16)及びガス側連絡管(17)を介して2つの室内回路(60,65)が並列に接続されている。
【0048】
上記室外回路(20)は、室外ユニット(11)に収納されている。上記室外回路(20)は、圧縮機構(40)と四路切換弁(21)と室外熱交換器(22)とレシーバ(23)と室外膨張弁(24)と液側閉鎖弁(25)とガス側閉鎖弁(26)とを備えている。
【0049】
上記圧縮機構(40)は、第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)が並列に接続され、いわゆるツイン型圧縮機に構成されている。該第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)は、何れも高圧ドームの密閉型のスクロール圧縮機である。つまり、上記第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)は、圧縮要素と該圧縮要素を駆動する電動機とを、円筒状のハウジングに収納して構成されている。
【0050】
また、上記第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)は、圧縮要素で圧縮された高圧ガス冷媒が一旦高圧ドーム(密閉容器)内に吐出され、この高圧ドーム内の高圧冷媒ガスが外部に吐出されるように構成されている。更に、上記第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)は、油(冷凍機油)が高圧ドームの底部に貯留されている。
【0051】
上記第1圧縮機(41)は、電動機が常に一定回転数で駆動される一定容量の圧縮機である。上記第2圧縮機(42)は、電動機の回転数が段階的に又は連続的に多段に変更される容量可変の圧縮機である。つまり、上記第2圧縮機(42)は、インバータによって電動機の回転数が制御されている。
【0052】
上記圧縮機構(40)は、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動及び停止と第2圧縮機(42)の容量変更とによって、全体容量が可変に調整される。具体的に、圧縮機構(40)に要求される能力が所定値を越えるまでは、先に優先的に第2圧縮機(42)の容量を調整しながら1台で運転し、その後、所定値を越えると第1圧縮機(41)も起動した状態として2台で運転を行いながら第2圧縮機(42)の容量を調整する。
【0053】
上記圧縮機構(40)は、吸入管(43)及び吐出管(44)を備えている。該吸入管(43)は、その入口端が四路切換弁(21)の第1のポートに接続され、その出口端が2つの吸入枝管(43a,43b)に分岐されている。該吸入枝管(43a,43b)が各圧縮機(41,42)の吸入側に接続されている。尚、上記2つの吸入枝管(43a,43b)は、互いに流通自在に構成されている。
【0054】
上記吐出管(44)は、その入口端が2つの吐出枝管(44a,44b)に分岐され、その出口端が四路切換弁(21)の第2のポートに接続されている。上記吐出枝管(44a,44b)が各圧縮機(41,42)の吐出側に接続されている。該第1圧縮機(41)に接続される吐出枝管(44a)には、吐出側逆止弁(45)が設けられている。この吐出側逆止弁(45)は、第1圧縮機(41)から流出する方向への冷媒の流通のみを許容する。
【0055】
また、上記圧縮機構(40)は、油分離器(51)と油戻し管(52)と均油管(54)とを備えている。該油分離器(51)は、図2にも示すように、第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)との吐出冷媒が合流して流れる吐出管(44)の主管部分に設けられている。該油分離器(51)は、圧縮機(41,42)の吐出冷媒から油を分離するためのものである。上記油戻し管(52)の一端は、油分離器(51)に接続され、他端は、第1圧縮機(41)の吸入枝管(43a)に接続されている。上記油戻し管(52)は、油分離器(51)で分離された油を、圧縮機(41,42)の吸入側へ戻すためのものであって、油戻し開閉機構である油戻し電磁弁(53)を備えている。該油戻し電磁弁(53)は、油戻し管(52)を連通及び遮断するように開閉する。
【0056】
上記均油管(54)の一端は、第1圧縮機(41)に接続され、他端は、第2圧縮機(42)の吸入枝管(43b)に接続されている。該均油管(54)は、各圧縮機(41,42)のハウジング内に貯留される油の量を平均化するためのものであって、均油開閉機構である均油電磁弁(55)を備えている。つまり、上記均油管(54)は、第1圧縮機(41)の貯留油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機(42)に供給するように構成されている。上記均油電磁弁(55)は、均油管(54)を連通及び遮断するように開閉する。
【0057】
上記四路切換弁(21)の第3のポートは、ガス側閉鎖弁(26)と配管接続され、その第4のポートは、室外熱交換器(22)の上端部と配管接続されている。上記四路切換弁(21)は、第1のポートと第3のポートが連通し且つ第2のポートと第4のポートが連通する状態(図1に実線で示す状態)と、第1のポートと第4のポートが連通し且つ第2のポートと第3のポートが連通する状態(図1に破線で示す状態)とに切り換わる。この四路切換弁(21)の切換動作によって、冷媒回路(15)における冷媒の循環方向が反転する。つまり、冷媒回路(15)は、冷媒の循環方向が可逆に構成されている。
【0058】
上記レシーバ(23)は、円筒状の容器であって、冷媒を貯留するためのものである。該レシーバ(23)と熱源側膨張機構である上記室外膨張弁(24)とは、整流回路(30)に設けられている。該整流回路(30)は、4つの逆止弁を有するブリッジ回路(31)と、一方向にのみ冷媒が流れる一方向通路(32)とより構成され、室外熱交換器(22)と液側閉鎖弁(25)との間に設けられている。
【0059】
上記ブリッジ回路(31)の4つの接続端のうちの第1の接続端は、室外熱交換器(22)の下端部に接続され、ブリッジ回路(31)の第2の接続端は、液側閉鎖弁(25)に接続されている。
【0060】
上記ブリッジ回路(31)の第3の接続端と第4の接続端は、一方向通路(32)の両端が接続されている。該一方向通路(32)は、上流側からレシーバ(23)と室外膨張弁(24)とが順に接続され、冷媒がレシーバ(23)から室外膨張弁(24)に向かう方向にのみ流れるように構成されている。
【0061】
上記熱源側熱交換器である室外熱交換器(22)は、クロスフィン式のフィン・アンド・チューブ型熱交換器により構成されている。該室外熱交換器(22)は、冷媒回路(15)を循環する冷媒と室外空気とを熱交換させる。
【0062】
更に、上記室外回路(20)には、ガス抜き管(35)と均圧管(37)とが設けられている。該ガス抜き管(35)の一端は、レシーバ(23)の上端部に接続され、他端は、吸入管(43)に接続されている。該ガス抜き管(35)は、レシーバ(23)のガス冷媒を各圧縮機(41,42)の吸入側へ導入するための連通路を構成している。上記ガス抜き管(35)には、ガス抜き電磁弁(36)が設けられている。該ガス抜き電磁弁(36)は、ガス抜き管(35)におけるガス冷媒の流れを断続するための開閉機構を構成している。
【0063】
上記均圧管(37)の一端は、ガス抜き管(35)におけるガス抜き電磁弁(36)とレシーバ(23)の間に接続され、他端は、吐出管(44)に接続されている。また、上記均圧管(37)には、その一端から他端に向かう冷媒の流通のみを許容する均圧用逆止弁(38)が設けられている。上記均圧管(37)は、空気調和装置(10)の停止中に外気温が異常に上昇してレシーバ(23)の圧力が高くなりすぎた場合に、ガス冷媒を逃がしてレシーバ(23)が破裂するのを防止するためのものである。従って、空気調和装置(10)の運転中において、均圧管(37)を冷媒が流れることはない。
【0064】
上記室内回路(60,65)は、各室内ユニット(12,13)に1つずつ設けられている。具体的には、第1室内回路(60)が第1室内ユニット(12)に収納され、第2室内回路(65)が第2室内ユニット(13)に収納されている。
【0065】
上記第1室内回路(60)は、利用側熱交換器である第1室内熱交換器(61)を備え、第2室内回路(65)は、利用側熱交換器である第2室内熱交換器(66)を備えている。
【0066】
上記第1室内熱交換器(61)及び第2室内熱交換器(66)は、クロスフィン式のフィン・アンド・チューブ型熱交換器により構成されている。各室内熱交換器(61,66)は、冷媒回路(15)を循環する冷媒と室内空気とを熱交換させる。
【0067】
上記液側連絡管(16)の一端は、液側閉鎖弁(25)に接続されている。該液側連絡管(16)の他端側は、2つに分岐され、第1の分岐管が第1室内回路(60)における第1室内熱交換器(61)に接続され、第2の分岐管が第2室内回路(65)における第2室内熱交換器(66)に接続されている。上記ガス側連絡管(17)の一端は、ガス側閉鎖弁(26)に接続されている。該ガス側連絡管(17)の他端側は、2つに分岐され、第1の分岐管が第1室内回路(60)における第1室内熱交換器(61)に接続され、第2の分岐管が第2室内回路(65)における第2室内熱交換器(66)に接続されている。
【0068】
上記室外ユニット(11)には、室外ファン(70)が設けられている。該室外ファン(70)は、室外熱交換器(22)へ室外空気を送るためのものである。一方、第1,第2室内ユニット(12,13)には、それぞれ室内ファン(80)が設けられている。該室内ファン(80)は、室内熱交換器(61,66)へ室内空気を送るためのものである。
【0069】
上記空気調和装置(10)には、温度や圧力のセンサ等が設けられている。具体的に、上記室外ユニット(11)には、室外空気の温度を検出するための室外温度センサ(71)が設けられている。上記室外熱交換器(22)には、伝熱管温度を検出するための室外熱交換温度センサ(72)が設けられている。上記圧縮機構(40)の吸入管(43)には、該圧縮機構(40)の吸入冷媒温度を検出するための吸入温度センサ(73)と、圧縮機構(40)の吸入冷媒圧力を検出するための低圧圧力センサ(74)とが設けられている。また、上記圧縮機構(40)の吐出管(44)には、該圧縮機構(40)の吐出冷媒温度を検出するための吐出温度センサ(75)と、圧縮機構(40)の吐出冷媒圧力を検出するための高圧圧力センサ(76)及び高圧圧力スイッチ(77)とが設けられている。
【0070】
上記各室内ユニット(12,13)には、室内空気の温度を検出するための室内温度センサ(81)が1つずつ設けられている。上記各室内熱交換器(61,66)には、伝熱管温度を検出するための室内熱交換温度センサ(82)が1つずつ設けられている。各室内回路(60,65)における室内熱交換器(61,66)の上端近傍には、室内回路(60,65)を流れるガス冷媒温度を検出するためのガス側温度センサ(83)が1つずつ設けられている。
【0071】
上記コントローラ(90)は、上記のセンサ類からの信号やリモコン等からの指令信号を受けて空気調和装置(10)の運転制御を行うものである。具体的に、上記コントローラ(90)は、室外膨張弁(24)の開度調節、四路切換弁(21)の切換、ガス抜き電磁弁(36)の開閉操作を行う。また、上記コントローラ(90)は、圧縮機構(40)の容量制御も行う。
【0072】
上記コントローラ(90)には、油戻し制御を行う油制御手段(91)が設けられている。
【0073】
該油制御手段(91)は、第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動している状態において、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行う。この油制御手段(91)の基本制御は、例えば、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)が共に開口した開状態を10秒間行った後、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)が共に閉鎖した閉状態を20分間行い、この動作が繰り返される。
【0074】
つまり、上記油制御手段(91)は、油分離器(51)の油を第1圧縮機(41)に油戻し管(52)を介して一旦戻した後、該第1圧縮機(41)から均油管(54)を介して第2圧縮機(42)に戻すように制御する。
【0075】
また、上記油制御手段(91)は、第2圧縮機(42)が駆動している状態で第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する前に油戻し制御を禁止する。つまり、この禁止制御は、第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する前は、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)が共に閉鎖した閉状態に所定時間維持する。
【0076】
また、上記油制御手段(91)は、第2圧縮機(42)が駆動している状態で第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する直前に均油電磁弁(55)を連通状態に保持する駆動直前制御を行う。つまり、この駆動直線制御は、均油電磁弁(55)を10秒の間、開状態にして第1圧縮機(41)の内部圧力を低下させる。
【0077】
また、上記油制御手段(91)は、第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動しているときには、第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転が所定時間継続すると、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を一旦停止し、第2圧縮機(42)の運転容量を増大させる補正制御を行う。つまり、第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転時は、第2圧縮機(42)から冷媒回路(15)に吐出する油が少なく、第2圧縮機(42)に溜まる油が多くなる。そこで、上記油制御手段(91)は、第2圧縮機(42)の容量を一旦増大し、冷媒回路(15)に吐出する油を多くし、均油を行うようにしている。
【0078】
また、上記油制御手段(91)は、第2圧縮機(42)のみが駆動している状態において、均油電磁弁(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し電磁弁(53)のみが所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる低能力制御を行う。つまり、この低能力制御は、第1圧縮機(41)が停止してるので、均油電磁弁(55)を閉状態に保持する。
【0079】
また、上記油制御手段(91)は、第2圧縮機(42)が異常停止し、第1圧縮機(41)のみが駆動しているときには、均油電磁弁(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し電磁弁(53)のみが所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる異常制御を行う。つまり、この異常制御は、第1圧縮機(41)の内部が高圧状態であるので、高圧ガス冷媒が第2圧縮機(42)に流れないように均油電磁弁(55)を閉状態のままに保持する。
【0080】
また、上記油制御手段(91)は、第2圧縮機(42)が起動する際、均油電磁弁(55)が遮断状態に保持される起動制御を行う。つまり、この起動制御は、第1圧縮機(41)が停止してるので、均油電磁弁(55)を閉状態に保持する。
【0081】
〈運転動作〉
次に、上述した空気調和装置(10)は、冷媒回路(15)において冷媒が相変化しつつ循環して蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクルを行う。また、上記空気調和装置(10)は、冷媒回路(15)における冷媒の循環方向を反転させることで冷房運転と暖房運転とを切り換えて行う。
【0082】
−冷房運転−
冷房運転時には、室内熱交換器(61,66)が蒸発器となる冷却動作が行われる。この冷房運転時において、四路切換弁(21)は、図1に実線で示す状態となる。室外膨張弁(24)は所定の開度に調節され、ガス抜き電磁弁(36)は閉鎖状態に保持され、油戻し電磁弁(53)及び均油電磁弁(55)は適宜開閉される。これら弁操作は、コントローラ(90)により行われる。
【0083】
圧縮機構(40)で圧縮された冷媒は、吐出管(44)及び四路切換弁(21)を通って室外熱交換器(22)に流れる。該室外熱交換器(22)において、冷媒が室外空気へ放熱して凝縮する。この凝縮した冷媒は、ブリッジ回路(31)及び一方向通路(32)を流れ、室外膨張弁(24)で膨張して液側連絡管(16)を流れる。
【0084】
この液側連絡管(16)の冷媒は、2つの室内回路(60,65)に分かれ、各室内熱交換器(61,66)において、室内空気から吸熱して蒸発する。つまり、室内熱交換器(61,66)では、室内空気が冷却される。蒸発した冷媒は、ガス側連絡管(17)を流れ、合流した後に室外回路(20)に流入する。その後、冷媒は、四路切換弁(21)を通過し、吸入管(43)を通って圧縮機構(40)に戻る。このような冷媒の循環が繰り返される。
【0085】
−暖房運転−
暖房運転時には、室内熱交換器(61,66)が凝縮器となる加熱動作が行われる。この暖房運転時において、四路切換弁(21)は、図1に破線で示す状態となる。室外膨張弁(24)は所定の開度に調節され、油戻し電磁弁(53)及び均油電磁弁(55)は適宜開閉される。ガス抜き電磁弁(36)は、加熱動作が行われている間は常に開放状態に保持される。これら弁操作は、コントローラ(90)により行われる。
【0086】
この場合、冷媒は、冷媒回路(15)内を冷房運転時とは基本的に逆方向に流れる。つまり、冷媒は、室内空気に放熱して凝縮し、室外空気から吸熱して蒸発し、室内が加熱される。尚、冷媒の流れの詳細は省略する。
【0087】
−油戻し動作−
次に、上記冷房運転及び暖房運転における圧縮機構(40)の第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)の油戻し制御について説明する。
【0088】
図3及び図4に示すように、圧縮機構(40)の起動は、第2圧縮機(42)から行われる。先ず、A点において、第2圧縮機(42)を起動すると、油制御手段(91)は、均油電磁弁(55)を遮断状態に保持して起動制御を行う。つまり、現在は、第1圧縮機(41)が停止してるので、均油電磁弁(55)を閉状態に保持する。
【0089】
続いて、上記第2圧縮機(42)を最低容量(最低周波数)から最高容量(最高周波数)まで空調負荷に対応して制御する。その際、上記油制御手段(91)は、図3のB点で示すように、均油電磁弁(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し電磁弁(53)のみを所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる低能力制御を行う。つまり、現在、第1圧縮機(41)が停止してるので、均油電磁弁(55)を閉状態に保持する。上記油戻し電磁弁(53)は、例えば、10秒開き、20分度閉じる動作を繰り返す。
【0090】
この第2圧縮機(42)が駆動すると、第2圧縮機(42)の内部の油(潤滑油)は、冷媒と共に吐出管(44)に流出し、油分離器(51)で分離される。この分離された油は、油戻し電磁弁(53)が開くと、油戻し管(52)を通り、吸入管(43)から第2圧縮機(42)に戻り、この油戻し動作が繰り返される。
【0091】
その後、空調負荷が増大し、第2圧縮機(42)では容量が不足すると、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を開始する(図3のC点参照)。
【0092】
その際、上記油制御手段(91)は、第2圧縮機(42)が駆動している状態で第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する前に油戻し制御を禁止する(図3のD点参照)。つまり、この禁止制御は、第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する前は、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)が共に閉鎖した閉状態に所定時間維持する。
【0093】
また、上記油制御手段(91)は、第2圧縮機(42)が駆動している状態で第1圧縮機(41)を駆動する直前において、均油電磁弁(55)を連通状態に保持する駆動直前制御を行う(図3のE点参照)。つまり、均油電磁弁(55)を10秒の間、開状態にして第1圧縮機(41)の内部圧力を低下させる。
【0094】
その後、上記油制御手段(91)は、図3のF点に示すように、第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動している状態において、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行う。例えば、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)が共に開口した開状態を10秒間行った後、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)が共に閉鎖した閉状態を20分間行い、この動作が繰り返される。
【0095】
つまり、上記第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)の内部の油(潤滑油)は、冷媒と共に吐出管(44)に流出し、油分離器(51)で分離される。油制御手段(91)は、油分離器(51)の油を油戻し管(52)から吸入枝管(43a)を介して第1圧縮機(41)に一旦戻す。その後、該第1圧縮機(41)から均油管(54)を介して第2圧縮機(42)に戻す。
【0096】
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動している状態において、油制御手段(91)は、第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転が所定時間継続すると、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を一旦停止し、第2圧縮機(42)の運転容量を増大させる補正制御を行う。つまり、図5に示すように、ステップST1において、上記第1圧縮機(41)が駆動し、第2圧縮機(42)が最低容量で駆動している状態が20分継続したか否かが判定する。
【0097】
この第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転が20分継続するまで、上述の動作が繰り返される。一方、上記第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転が20分継続すると、ステップST1の判定がYESとなり、ステップST2に移り、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を一旦停止し、第2圧縮機(42)の運転容量を増大させる運転を5分間実行する。つまり、第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転時は、第2圧縮機(42)から冷媒回路(15)に吐出する油が少なく、第2圧縮機(42)に溜まる油が多くなる。そこで、上記第2圧縮機(42)の容量を一旦増大し、冷媒回路(15)に吐出する油を多くし、油分離器(51)などの油量を多くし、均油を行う。
【0098】
その後、上記ステップST2からステップST3に移り、元の状態に戻し、第1圧縮機(41)を駆動し、第2圧縮機(42)を最低容量で駆動する。この動作を繰り返す。
【0099】
一方、上記第2圧縮機(42)が異常停止すると、油制御手段(91)は、図4のG点に示すように、第1圧縮機(41)のみを駆動し、均油電磁弁(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し電磁弁(53)のみが所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる異常制御を行う(図3のH点参照)。つまり、第1圧縮機(41)の内部が高圧状態であるので、高圧ガス冷媒が第2圧縮機(42)に流れないように均油電磁弁(55)を閉状態のままに保持する。上記油戻し電磁弁(53)は、例えば、10秒開き、20分度閉じる動作を繰り返す。
【0100】
〈実施形態の効果〉
以上のように、本実施形態によれば、第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とを共に高圧ドームで構成したために、COP(成績係数)を向上させることができる。
【0101】
つまり、上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とに吸い込まれた冷媒が圧縮機ドーム内の油と熱交換することなく圧縮される。この結果、冷房運転時において、吸入冷媒の熱量が油の冷却に使用されず、圧縮された高圧冷媒が圧縮機ドーム内の油と熱交換して一部が凝縮する。よって、冷房運転時のCOPが向上する。
【0102】
また、上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動している状態において、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わるようにしたために、油を第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とに確実に戻すことができる。
【0103】
従来、低圧ドームの2台の圧縮機を備えたツイン型圧縮機では、2つの圧縮機ドームに均油管(54)を接続していた。しかしながら、この方式では、高圧ドームの2台の圧縮機を備えた場合、油戻しを正確に行うことができない。
【0104】
そこで、本実施形態では、上記第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)から流出した冷媒を油分離器(51)で捕集し、この油分離器(51)の油を油戻し管(52)から第1圧縮機(41)に一旦戻す。その後、該第1圧縮機(41)の余剰の油を均油管(54)から第2圧縮機(42)に戻し、油戻しを正確に行うようにしている。
【0105】
また、上記第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する前は、油戻し電磁弁(53)と均油電磁弁(55)が共に閉鎖した状態に維持する。この結果、油を油分離器(51)に溜めることができ、第1圧縮機(41)が起動した際、油分離器(51)に溜まった油を確実に第1圧縮機(41)に戻することができる。
【0106】
また、上記第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する直前に均油電磁弁(55)を連通状態に保持するようにしたために、起動不良を防止することができる。つまり、第1圧縮機(41)の内部圧力を低下させると共に、油に寝込んだ冷媒を除くことができるので、起動不良を防止することができる。
【0107】
また、上記第1圧縮機(41)が駆動すると共に、第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転が所定時間継続すると、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を一旦停止し、第2圧縮機(42)の運転容量を増大させるので、均油を正確に行うことができる。つまり、上記第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転時は、第2圧縮機(42)から冷媒回路(15)に吐出する油が少なく、第2圧縮機(42)に溜まる油が多くなる。そこで、上記第2圧縮機(42)の容量を一旦増大し、冷媒回路(15)に吐出する油を多くし、均油を行うようにしている。
【0108】
また、上記第2圧縮機(42)のみが駆動している状態において、均油電磁弁(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し電磁弁(53)のみが所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わるようにしているので、油を確実に第2圧縮機(42)に戻すことができる。
【0109】
また、上記第2圧縮機(42)が異常停止し、第1圧縮機(41)のみが駆動しているときには、均油電磁弁(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し電磁弁(53)のみが所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わるようにしたために、第2圧縮機(42)への高圧冷媒の漏れを確実に防止することができる。
【0110】
また、上記第2圧縮機(42)が起動する際、均油電磁弁(55)が遮断状態に保持されるようにしたために、第1圧縮機(41)の油を第2圧縮機(42)が吸入することが確実に防止される。
【0111】
【発明の他の実施の形態】
上記実施形態においては、油分離器(51)の油を油戻し管(52)から第1圧縮機(41)に一旦戻し、該第1圧縮機(41)から均油管(54)を介して第2圧縮機(42)に戻すようにしている。しかしながら、図2の1点鎖線でに示すように、油戻し管(52)及び均油管(54)に冷却機構である熱交換器(56,57)を設け、油を外気で冷却するようにしてもよい。
【0112】
この場合、上記第1圧縮機(41)及び第2圧縮機(42)の内部温度を低下させることができる。この結果、圧縮機構(40)の信頼性を向上させることができると共に、運転範囲の拡大を図ることができる。更に、圧縮機構(40)の吸入冷媒の日体積を小さくすることができるので、圧縮機能力の向上を図ることができる。
【0113】
また、本発明は、上記実施形態の他、以下のような構成としてもよい。つまり、本発明は、蒸気圧縮式の冷凍サイクルを行う冷凍装置であれば、空気調和装置以外であっても適用することが可能である。また、本発明は、利用側ユニットとして空調機の室内ユニットと冷蔵庫や冷凍庫を並列に接続したシステムにも適用可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の実施形態を示す空気調和装置の冷媒回路図である。
【図2】 圧縮機構を示す拡大構成図である。
【図3】 油戻し制御の特性を示すタイミング図である。
【図4】 他の油戻し制御の特性を示すタイミング図である。
【図5】 圧縮機構の駆動動作を示すフロー図である。
【符号の説明】
10 空気調和装置(冷凍装置)
11 室外ユニット(熱源ユニット)
12,13 室内ユニット(利用ユニット)
15 冷媒回路
40 圧縮機構
41 第1圧縮機(圧縮機)
42 第2圧縮機(圧縮機)
51 油分離器
52 油戻し管
53 油戻し電磁弁(油戻し開閉機構)
54 均油管
55 均油電磁弁(均油開閉機構)
90 コントローラ(制御手段)
91 油制御手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus, and particularly relates to a refrigeration apparatus including two compressors.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, some air conditioners include a refrigerant circuit in which an outdoor unit and an indoor unit are connected, as disclosed in JP-A-10-132406. The outdoor unit is configured as a so-called twin compressor, and includes a compression mechanism in which a first compressor and a second compressor are connected in parallel.
[0003]
The first compressor and the second compressor are stopped to control the air conditioning capacity.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the compression mechanism of the conventional twin compressor, both the first compressor and the second compressor are constituted by the low pressure dome. Therefore, there has been a problem that COP (coefficient of performance) is poor.
[0005]
That is, the refrigerant sucked into each compressor exchanges heat with oil (lubricating oil) in the compressor dome. As a result, during cooling operation, a part of the heat quantity of the refrigerant is used for cooling the oil.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and aims to improve COP, and in particular, to increase capacity during cooling operation.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the first invention is a refrigeration apparatus including a refrigerant circuit (15) in which a heat source unit (11) and a utilization unit (12, 13) are connected so as to allow refrigerant circulation. Is targeted. The heat source unit (11) includes a high pressure dome type first compressor (41) operated at a constant capacity, and a high pressure dome type second compressor (42) whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages. Is provided with a compression mechanism (40) connected in parallel. Further, an oil separator (51) is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism (40), and an oil separator (51) is provided between the oil separator (51) and the suction side of the compression mechanism (40). An oil return pipe (52) for returning the oil separated in 51) to the compression mechanism (40) is connected, and the oil return pipe (52) is connected to an oil return opening / closing mechanism (53 ) Is provided. In addition, between the first compressor (41) and the suction side of the second compressor (42), when the oil stored in the first compressor (41) exceeds a predetermined level, excess oil is removed. An oil leveling pipe (54) supplied to the suction side of the second compressor (42) is connected, and the oil leveling pipe (54) is provided with an oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state. ing.
[0008]
Also,the aboveWhen the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) and the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) are in communication with each other at a predetermined interval. Oil return control that switches to the shut-off stateYeah.
[0009]
Besides, aboveThe oil return control is prohibited before the first compressor (41) is driven while the second compressor (42) is being driven.
[0010]
The second invention is a heat source unit ( 11 ) And usage units ( 12 , 13 ) And a refrigerant circuit that is connected to allow refrigerant circulation ( 15 ). And the heat source unit ( 11 ) Includes a high-pressure dome-type first compressor (with a fixed capacity) 41 ) And a high-pressure dome-type second compressor whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages ( 42 ) And a compression mechanism (in parallel) 40 ) Is provided. Further, the compression mechanism ( 40 ) On the discharge side of the oil separator ( 51 ) And the oil separator ( 51 ) And compression mechanism ( 40 ) Between the suction side and the oil separator ( 51 ) Is used to compress the oil separated by 40 ) Oil return pipe ( 52 ) Is connected to the oil return pipe ( 52 ) Includes an oil return opening / closing mechanism that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state ( 53 ) Is provided. In addition, the first compressor ( 41 ) And the second compressor ( 42 Between the suction side of the first compressor ( 41 When the oil stored in the tank reaches a predetermined level or more, excess oil is removed from the second compressor ( 42 ) Oil leveling pipe (supplied to the suction side) 54 ) And the oil equalizing pipe ( 54 ) Includes an oil leveling mechanism that switches between a connected state and a disconnected state ( 55 ) Is provided.
[0011]
The first compressor ( 41 ) And the second compressor ( 42 ) Are driven together, the oil return opening / closing mechanism ( 53 ) And oil leveling mechanism ( 55 Are synchronized with each other to perform oil return control that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state at a predetermined interval.
[0012]
Besides, aboveImmediately before the first compressor (41) is driven while the second compressor (42) is being driven, the oil leveling mechanism (55) is held in a communicating state.
[0013]
The third invention is a heat source unit ( 11 ) And usage units ( 12 , 13 ) And a refrigerant circuit that is connected to allow refrigerant circulation ( 15 ). And the heat source unit ( 11 ) Includes a high-pressure dome-type first compressor (with a fixed capacity) 41 ) And a high-pressure dome-type second compressor whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages ( 42 ) And a compression mechanism (in parallel) 40 ) Is provided. Further, the compression mechanism ( 40 ) On the discharge side of the oil separator ( 51 ) And the oil separator ( 51 ) And compression mechanism ( 40 ) Between the suction side and the oil separator ( 51 ) Is used to compress the oil separated by 40 ) Oil return pipe ( 52 ) Is connected to the oil return pipe ( 52 ) Includes an oil return opening / closing mechanism that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state ( 53 ) Is provided. In addition, the first compressor ( 41 ) And the second compressor ( 42 Between the suction side of the first compressor ( 41 When the oil stored in the tank reaches a predetermined level or more, excess oil is removed from the second compressor ( 42 ) Oil leveling pipe (supplied to the suction side) 54 ) And the oil equalizing pipe ( 54 ) Includes an oil leveling mechanism that switches between a connected state and a disconnected state ( 55 ) Is provided.
[0014]
The first compressor ( 41 ) And the second compressor ( 42 ) Are driven together, the oil return opening / closing mechanism ( 53 ) And oil leveling mechanism ( 55 ) Is synchronized and disconnected at a predetermined interval The oil return control is switched to.
[0015]
Besides, aboveWhen the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, if the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42) continues for a predetermined time, the first compressor (41) is driven. Is temporarily stopped to increase the operation capacity of the second compressor (42).
[0016]
The fourth invention is a heat source unit ( 11 ) And usage units ( 12 , 13 ) And a refrigerant circuit that is connected to allow refrigerant circulation ( 15 ). And the heat source unit ( 11 ) Includes a high-pressure dome-type first compressor (with a fixed capacity) 41 ) And a high-pressure dome-type second compressor whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages ( 42 ) And a compression mechanism (in parallel) 40 ) Is provided. Further, the compression mechanism ( 40 ) On the discharge side of the oil separator ( 51 ) And the oil separator ( 51 ) And compression mechanism ( 40 ) Between the suction side and the oil separator ( 51 ) Is used to compress the oil separated by 40 ) Oil return pipe ( 52 ) Is connected to the oil return pipe ( 52 ) Includes an oil return opening / closing mechanism that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state ( 53 ) Is provided. In addition, the first compressor ( 41 ) And the second compressor ( 42 Between the suction side of the first compressor ( 41 When the oil stored in the tank reaches a predetermined level or more, excess oil is removed from the second compressor ( 42 ) Oil leveling pipe (supplied to the suction side) 54 ) And the oil equalizing pipe ( 54 ) Includes an oil leveling mechanism that switches between a connected state and a disconnected state ( 55 ) Is provided.
[0017]
The first compressor ( 41 ) And the second compressor ( 42 ) Are driven together, the oil return opening / closing mechanism ( 53 ) And oil leveling mechanism ( 55 Are synchronized with each other to perform oil return control that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state at a predetermined interval.
[0018]
Besides, aboveWhen the second compressor (42) is abnormally stopped and only the first compressor (41) is operating, only the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) is set in a predetermined state while the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) is shut off. It is configured to switch between a communication state and a cutoff state at intervals.
[0019]
The fifth invention provides a heat source unit ( 11 ) And usage units ( 12 , 13 ) And a refrigerant circuit that is connected to allow refrigerant circulation ( 15 ). And the heat source unit ( 11 ) Includes a high-pressure dome-type first compressor (with a fixed capacity) 41 ) And a high-pressure dome-type second compressor whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages ( 42 ) And a compression mechanism (in parallel) 40 ) Is provided. Further, the compression mechanism ( 40 ) On the discharge side of the oil separator ( 51 ) And the oil separator ( 51 ) And compression mechanism ( 40 ) Between the suction side and the oil separator ( 51 ) Is used to compress the oil separated by 40 ) Oil return pipe ( 52 ) Is connected to the oil return pipe ( 52 ) Includes an oil return opening / closing mechanism that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state ( 53 ) Is provided. In addition, the first compressor ( 41 ) And the second compressor ( 42 Between the suction side of the first compressor ( 41 When the oil stored in the tank reaches a predetermined level or more, excess oil is removed from the second compressor ( 42 ) Oil leveling pipe (supplied to the suction side) 54 ) And the oil equalizing pipe ( 54 ) Includes an oil leveling mechanism that switches between a connected state and a disconnected state ( 55 ) Is provided.
[0020]
The first compressor ( 41 ) And the second compressor ( 42 ) Are driven together, the oil return opening / closing mechanism ( 53 ) And oil leveling mechanism ( 55 Are synchronized with each other to perform oil return control that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state at a predetermined interval.
[0021]
Besides, aboveWhen the second compressor (42) is started, the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) is held in a shut-off state.
[0022]
Also,6thThe invention of the firstAny one of 5In this invention, the oil return pipe (52) is provided with a cooling mechanism (56) for cooling the oil.
[0023]
Also,7thThe invention of the firstAny one of 5In this invention, the oil leveling pipe (54) is provided with a cooling mechanism (57) for cooling the oil.
[0024]
Also,8thThe invention of the firstAny one of 5In this invention, the oil separator (51) is provided in the main pipe portion of the discharge pipe (44) through which the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) flows. Yes.
[0025]
Also,9thThe invention of the firstAny one of 5In the present invention, the end of the oil return pipe (52) on the compression mechanism (40) side is connected to the suction branch pipe (43a) of the suction pipe (43) connected to the first compressor (41). It is said.
[0026]
Also,10thThe invention of9thIn this invention, the suction branch pipe (43a) of the suction pipe (43) connected to the first compressor (41) and the suction branch pipe (43b) of the suction pipe (43) connected to the second compressor (42). ) And are configured to be freely distributed to each other.
[0027]
That is, in the present invention, the compression mechanism (40) is started from, for example, the second compressor (42). Then, when starting the second compressor (42), the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) is held in a shut-off state.
[0028]
Subsequently, when the second compressor (42) is driven, only the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) is switched between the communication state and the blocking state at a predetermined interval while the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) is in the blocking state. That is, in this state, since the first compressor (41) is stopped, the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) is held in the shut-off state. In this case, since the second compressor (42) is driven, the oil inside the second compressor (42) flows out together with the refrigerant and is separated by the oil separator (51). When the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) is opened, the separated oil returns to the second compressor (42) through the oil return pipe (52). At that time, the oil is cooled by the cooling mechanism (56) in the middle of the oil return pipe (52).
[0029]
Thereafter, when the driving of the first compressor (41) is started, both the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) and the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) are maintained in a shut-off state for a predetermined time. Further, immediately before the first compressor (41) is driven, the oil leveling mechanism (55) is brought into a communication state.
[0030]
In a state where the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) and the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) are synchronized at a predetermined interval. Oil return control is performed to switch between the communication state and the shut-off state. That is, the oil inside the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) flows out together with the refrigerant and is separated by the oil separator (51). The oil in the oil separator (51) is temporarily returned from the oil return pipe (52) to the first compressor (41). Thereafter, the first compressor (41) is returned to the second compressor (42) through the oil equalizing pipe (54). At that time, the oil is cooled by the cooling mechanism (56, 57) in the middle of the oil return pipe (52) and the oil equalizing pipe (54).
[0031]
When the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42) continues for a predetermined time in a state where the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the first compressor (41) Is temporarily stopped, the operating capacity of the second compressor (42) is increased, the amount of oil discharged to the refrigerant circuit (15) is increased, the amount of oil in the oil separator (51) is increased, I do.
[0032]
On the other hand, when the second compressor (42) is abnormally stopped, only the first compressor (41) is driven, and only the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) is set in a predetermined state while the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) is shut off. The communication state and the interruption state are switched at intervals.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
Therefore, according to the present invention, since the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both configured by a high-pressure dome, the COP (coefficient of performance) can be improved.
[0034]
That is, the refrigerant sucked into each compressor (41, 42) is compressed without exchanging heat with the oil in the compressor dome. As a result, during the cooling operation, the amount of heat of the suction refrigerant is not used for cooling the oil, and the compressed high-pressure refrigerant exchanges heat with the oil in the compressor dome and partly condenses. Therefore, COP at the time of cooling operation can be improved.
[0035]
Further, in a state where the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) and the oil equalization opening / closing mechanism (55) Since the communication state and the shut-off state are switched at intervals, the oil can be reliably returned to the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42).
[0036]
Conventionally, in a twin-type compressor including two compressors of a low-pressure dome, an oil equalizing pipe (54) is connected to the two compressor dome. However, in this system, when two compressors of a high-pressure dome are provided, oil return cannot be performed accurately.
[0037]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) is collected by the oil separator (51), and the oil in the oil separator (51) is oiled. The return pipe (52) is temporarily returned to the first compressor (41). Thereafter, excess oil from the first compressor (41) is returned from the oil equalizing pipe (54) to the second compressor (42) so that the oil can be returned accurately.The
[0038]
AlsoSince the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) is held in a communicating state immediately before the first compressor (41) is driven, a starting failure can be prevented. That is, since the internal pressure of the first compressor (41) can be reduced and the refrigerant stagnated in the oil can be removed, it is possible to prevent startup failure.
[0039]
When the first compressor (41) is driven and the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42) continues for a predetermined time, the driving of the first compressor (41) is temporarily stopped, and the second compressor Since the operating capacity of (42) is increased, oil leveling can be performed accurately. That is, during the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42), less oil flows out from the second compressor (42) to the refrigerant circuit (15), and more oil accumulates in the second compressor (42). . Therefore, the capacity of the second compressor (42) is temporarily increased, the amount of oil discharged to the refrigerant circuit (15) is increased, and oil leveling is performed.The
[0040]
AlsoWhen the second compressor (42) is abnormally stopped and only the first compressor (41) is being driven, only the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) is maintained while the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) is shut off. Since the communication state and the shut-off state are switched at predetermined intervals, it is possible to reliably prevent the high-pressure refrigerant from leaking to the second compressor (42).
[0041]
Further, when the second compressor (42) is started, the oil leveling mechanism (55) is held in the shut-off state, so that the oil in the first compressor (41) is supplied to the second compressor (42). ) Is reliably prevented from inhaling.
[0042]
Further, when an oil cooling mechanism (56, 57) is provided in the oil return pipe (52) or the oil equalizing pipe (54), the internal temperature of the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) is increased. Can be reduced. As a result, the reliability of the compression mechanism (40) can be improved and the operating range can be expanded. Furthermore, since the daily volume of the suction refrigerant of the compression mechanism (40) can be reduced, the compression function can be improved.
[0043]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0044]
As shown in FIG. 1, the air conditioner (10) constitutes a refrigeration apparatus and is configured to perform switching between a cooling operation and a heating operation.
[0045]
The air conditioner (10) includes a single outdoor unit (11) that is a heat source side unit and two indoor units (12 and 13) that are use side units, and is configured as a so-called multi-type. . The air conditioner (10) includes a refrigerant circuit (15) and a controller (90) as control means.
[0046]
In the present embodiment, two indoor units (12, 13) are provided. This is an example, and the number of indoor units may be determined as appropriate according to the capacity and usage of the outdoor unit (11) (including the case of one unit).
[0047]
The refrigerant circuit (15) includes one outdoor circuit (20) that is a heat source side circuit, two indoor circuits (60, 65) that is a use side circuit, a liquid side communication pipe (16) that is a connection pipe, and It consists of a gas side communication pipe (17). Two indoor circuits (60, 65) are connected in parallel to the outdoor circuit (20) via a liquid side communication pipe (16) and a gas side communication pipe (17).
[0048]
The outdoor circuit (20) is housed in the outdoor unit (11). The outdoor circuit (20) includes a compression mechanism (40), a four-way switching valve (21), an outdoor heat exchanger (22), a receiver (23), an outdoor expansion valve (24), and a liquid side shut-off valve (25). A gas-side closing valve (26).
[0049]
The compression mechanism (40) includes a first compressor (41) and a second compressor (42) connected in parallel to form a so-called twin compressor. The first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both high-pressure dome sealed scroll compressors. That is, the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are configured by housing a compression element and an electric motor that drives the compression element in a cylindrical housing.
[0050]
In the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42), the high pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compression element is once discharged into the high pressure dome (sealed container), and the high pressure refrigerant gas in the high pressure dome is discharged. Is discharged to the outside. Further, in the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42), oil (refrigeration oil) is stored at the bottom of the high-pressure dome.
[0051]
The first compressor (41) is a constant capacity compressor in which the electric motor is always driven at a constant rotational speed. The second compressor (42) is a variable capacity compressor in which the rotation speed of the electric motor is changed stepwise or continuously in multiple stages. That is, the rotation speed of the electric motor of the second compressor (42) is controlled by the inverter.
[0052]
The overall capacity of the compression mechanism (40) is variably adjusted by driving and stopping the first compressor (41) and changing the capacity of the second compressor (42). Specifically, until the capacity required for the compression mechanism (40) exceeds a predetermined value, the first compressor is first operated while adjusting the capacity of the second compressor (42), and then the predetermined value is reached. If exceeded, the first compressor (41) is also activated, and the capacity of the second compressor (42) is adjusted while operating with two units.
[0053]
The compression mechanism (40) includes a suction pipe (43) and a discharge pipe (44). The inlet pipe (43) has an inlet end connected to the first port of the four-way switching valve (21) and an outlet end branched into two inlet branch pipes (43a, 43b). The suction branch pipes (43a, 43b) are connected to the suction side of the compressors (41, 42). The two suction branch pipes (43a, 43b) are configured to be able to flow with each other.
[0054]
The discharge pipe (44) has an inlet end branched into two discharge branch pipes (44a, 44b), and an outlet end connected to the second port of the four-way switching valve (21). The discharge branch pipes (44a, 44b) are connected to the discharge side of the compressors (41, 42). The discharge branch pipe (44a) connected to the first compressor (41) is provided with a discharge side check valve (45). The discharge side check valve (45) only allows the refrigerant to flow in the direction of flowing out from the first compressor (41).
[0055]
The compression mechanism (40) includes an oil separator (51), an oil return pipe (52), and an oil equalizing pipe (54). As shown in FIG. 2, the oil separator (51) is connected to the main pipe portion of the discharge pipe (44) through which the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) flows. Is provided. The oil separator (51) is for separating oil from the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (41, 42). One end of the oil return pipe (52) is connected to the oil separator (51), and the other end is connected to the suction branch pipe (43a) of the first compressor (41). The oil return pipe (52) is for returning the oil separated by the oil separator (51) to the suction side of the compressor (41, 42), and is an oil return electromagnetic that is an oil return opening / closing mechanism. A valve (53) is provided. The oil return solenoid valve (53) opens and closes so as to communicate and block the oil return pipe (52).
[0056]
One end of the oil equalizing pipe (54) is connected to the first compressor (41), and the other end is connected to the suction branch pipe (43b) of the second compressor (42). The oil leveling pipe (54) is for averaging the amount of oil stored in the housing of each compressor (41, 42), and is an oil leveling solenoid valve (55) which is an oil leveling opening / closing mechanism. It has. That is, the oil equalizing pipe (54) is configured to supply surplus oil to the second compressor (42) when the stored oil in the first compressor (41) reaches a predetermined level or more. The oil leveling solenoid valve (55) opens and closes so that the oil leveling pipe (54) communicates and is shut off.
[0057]
The third port of the four-way switching valve (21) is connected to the gas-side shutoff valve (26) by piping, and the fourth port is connected to the upper end of the outdoor heat exchanger (22) by piping. . The four-way switching valve (21) includes a state in which the first port and the third port communicate with each other and a state in which the second port and the fourth port communicate with each other (state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 1), The state is switched to a state in which the port communicates with the fourth port and the second port communicates with the third port (a state indicated by a broken line in FIG. 1). By the switching operation of the four-way switching valve (21), the refrigerant circulation direction in the refrigerant circuit (15) is reversed. That is, the refrigerant circuit (15) is configured so that the circulation direction of the refrigerant is reversible.
[0058]
The receiver (23) is a cylindrical container for storing the refrigerant. The receiver (23) and the outdoor expansion valve (24) which is a heat source side expansion mechanism are provided in a rectifier circuit (30). The rectifier circuit (30) includes a bridge circuit (31) having four check valves and a one-way passage (32) through which the refrigerant flows only in one direction, and includes an outdoor heat exchanger (22) and a liquid side. It is provided between the closing valve (25).
[0059]
The first connection end of the four connection ends of the bridge circuit (31) is connected to the lower end of the outdoor heat exchanger (22), and the second connection end of the bridge circuit (31) is the liquid side. Connected to the closing valve (25).
[0060]
The third connection end and the fourth connection end of the bridge circuit (31) are connected to both ends of the one-way passage (32). In the one-way passage (32), the receiver (23) and the outdoor expansion valve (24) are sequentially connected from the upstream side so that the refrigerant flows only in the direction from the receiver (23) to the outdoor expansion valve (24). It is configured.
[0061]
The outdoor heat exchanger (22), which is the heat source side heat exchanger, is configured by a cross fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger. The outdoor heat exchanger (22) exchanges heat between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit (15) and the outdoor air.
[0062]
Further, the outdoor circuit (20) is provided with a gas vent pipe (35) and a pressure equalizing pipe (37). One end of the gas vent pipe (35) is connected to the upper end of the receiver (23), and the other end is connected to the suction pipe (43). The gas vent pipe (35) constitutes a communication path for introducing the gas refrigerant of the receiver (23) to the suction side of each compressor (41, 42). The gas vent pipe (35) is provided with a gas vent solenoid valve (36). The degas solenoid valve (36) constitutes an opening / closing mechanism for interrupting the flow of the gas refrigerant in the degas pipe (35).
[0063]
One end of the pressure equalizing pipe (37) is connected between the gas vent solenoid valve (36) and the receiver (23) in the gas vent pipe (35), and the other end is connected to the discharge pipe (44). Further, the pressure equalizing pipe (37) is provided with a pressure equalizing check valve (38) that allows only the refrigerant to flow from one end to the other end. The pressure equalizing pipe (37) allows the receiver (23) to escape the gas refrigerant when the outside air temperature rises abnormally while the air conditioner (10) is stopped and the pressure of the receiver (23) becomes too high. This is to prevent rupture. Therefore, the refrigerant does not flow through the pressure equalizing pipe (37) during the operation of the air conditioner (10).
[0064]
One indoor circuit (60, 65) is provided for each indoor unit (12, 13). Specifically, the first indoor circuit (60) is accommodated in the first indoor unit (12), and the second indoor circuit (65) is accommodated in the second indoor unit (13).
[0065]
The first indoor circuit (60) includes a first indoor heat exchanger (61) that is a use side heat exchanger, and the second indoor circuit (65) is a second indoor heat exchange that is a use side heat exchanger. (66).
[0066]
The first indoor heat exchanger (61) and the second indoor heat exchanger (66) are constituted by cross fin type fin-and-tube heat exchangers. Each indoor heat exchanger (61, 66) exchanges heat between the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit (15) and the room air.
[0067]
One end of the liquid side communication pipe (16) is connected to the liquid side closing valve (25). The other end of the liquid side communication pipe (16) is branched into two, the first branch pipe is connected to the first indoor heat exchanger (61) in the first indoor circuit (60), and the second The branch pipe is connected to the second indoor heat exchanger (66) in the second indoor circuit (65). One end of the gas side communication pipe (17) is connected to the gas side closing valve (26). The other end of the gas side communication pipe (17) is branched into two, and the first branch pipe is connected to the first indoor heat exchanger (61) in the first indoor circuit (60), and the second The branch pipe is connected to the second indoor heat exchanger (66) in the second indoor circuit (65).
[0068]
The outdoor unit (11) is provided with an outdoor fan (70). The outdoor fan (70) is for sending outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger (22). On the other hand, each of the first and second indoor units (12, 13) is provided with an indoor fan (80). The indoor fan (80) is for sending indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger (61, 66).
[0069]
The air conditioner (10) is provided with temperature and pressure sensors and the like. Specifically, the outdoor unit (11) is provided with an outdoor temperature sensor (71) for detecting the temperature of the outdoor air. The outdoor heat exchanger (22) is provided with an outdoor heat exchange temperature sensor (72) for detecting the heat transfer tube temperature. The suction pipe (43) of the compression mechanism (40) detects a suction temperature sensor (73) for detecting a suction refrigerant temperature of the compression mechanism (40) and a suction refrigerant pressure of the compression mechanism (40). And a low pressure sensor (74) for the purpose. The discharge pipe (44) of the compression mechanism (40) includes a discharge temperature sensor (75) for detecting the discharge refrigerant temperature of the compression mechanism (40), and a discharge refrigerant pressure of the compression mechanism (40). A high pressure sensor (76) and a high pressure switch (77) for detection are provided.
[0070]
Each indoor unit (12, 13) is provided with one indoor temperature sensor (81) for detecting the temperature of indoor air. Each indoor heat exchanger (61, 66) is provided with one indoor heat exchange temperature sensor (82) for detecting the heat transfer tube temperature. Near the upper end of the indoor heat exchanger (61, 66) in each indoor circuit (60, 65), there is 1 gas side temperature sensor (83) for detecting the temperature of the gas refrigerant flowing through the indoor circuit (60, 65). It is provided one by one.
[0071]
The controller (90) controls the operation of the air conditioner (10) in response to a signal from the sensors and a command signal from a remote controller or the like. Specifically, the controller (90) adjusts the opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve (24), switches the four-way switching valve (21), and opens / closes the gas vent solenoid valve (36). The controller (90) also controls the capacity of the compression mechanism (40).
[0072]
The controller (90) is provided with oil control means (91) for performing oil return control.
[0073]
The oil control means (91) includes an oil return solenoid valve (53), an oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) in a state where the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven. Performs oil return control that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state at predetermined intervals. The basic control of the oil control means (91) is, for example, after the oil return solenoid valve (53) and the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) are both opened for 10 seconds, and then the oil return solenoid valve (53) A closed state in which both the oil equalizing solenoid valves (55) are closed is performed for 20 minutes, and this operation is repeated.
[0074]
That is, the oil control means (91) once returns the oil in the oil separator (51) to the first compressor (41) via the oil return pipe (52), and then the first compressor (41). To return to the second compressor (42) through the oil equalizing pipe (54).
[0075]
The oil control means (91) prohibits oil return control before the first compressor (41) is driven while the second compressor (42) is being driven. That is, this prohibition control is maintained for a predetermined time in a closed state in which both the oil return solenoid valve (53) and the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) are closed before the first compressor (41) is driven.
[0076]
The oil control means (91) holds the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) in a communicating state immediately before the first compressor (41) is driven while the second compressor (42) is being driven. Performs control immediately before driving. That is, in this drive linear control, the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is opened for 10 seconds to reduce the internal pressure of the first compressor (41).
[0077]
In addition, when the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil control means (91) continues the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42) for a predetermined time. Then, the drive of the first compressor (41) is temporarily stopped, and correction control is performed to increase the operating capacity of the second compressor (42). That is, during the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42), less oil is discharged from the second compressor (42) to the refrigerant circuit (15), and more oil is accumulated in the second compressor (42). Therefore, the oil control means (91) temporarily increases the capacity of the second compressor (42), increases the amount of oil discharged to the refrigerant circuit (15), and performs oil leveling.
[0078]
The oil control means (91) is configured so that only the oil return solenoid valve (53) is in a predetermined state while the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is shut off in a state where only the second compressor (42) is driven. Low-capacity control is performed that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state at intervals. That is, in this low capacity control, since the first compressor (41) is stopped, the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is held in the closed state.
[0079]
Further, the oil control means (91) keeps the oil leveling solenoid valve (55) shut off when the second compressor (42) is abnormally stopped and only the first compressor (41) is driven. Only the oil return solenoid valve (53) performs an abnormal control that switches between a communication state and a cutoff state at a predetermined interval. That is, in this abnormal control, since the inside of the first compressor (41) is in a high pressure state, the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is closed so that the high-pressure gas refrigerant does not flow to the second compressor (42). Hold on.
[0080]
The oil control means (91) performs start-up control in which the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is held in the shut-off state when the second compressor (42) is started. That is, in this activation control, since the first compressor (41) is stopped, the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is kept closed.
[0081]
<Driving operation>
Next, the air conditioning apparatus (10) described above performs a vapor compression refrigeration cycle by circulating the refrigerant while changing the phase in the refrigerant circuit (15). The air conditioner (10) performs switching between the cooling operation and the heating operation by inverting the refrigerant circulation direction in the refrigerant circuit (15).
[0082]
-Cooling operation-
During the cooling operation, a cooling operation is performed in which the indoor heat exchangers (61, 66) serve as an evaporator. During this cooling operation, the four-way selector valve (21) is in the state indicated by the solid line in FIG. The outdoor expansion valve (24) is adjusted to a predetermined opening, the gas vent solenoid valve (36) is kept closed, and the oil return solenoid valve (53) and the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) are appropriately opened and closed. These valve operations are performed by the controller (90).
[0083]
The refrigerant compressed by the compression mechanism (40) flows to the outdoor heat exchanger (22) through the discharge pipe (44) and the four-way switching valve (21). In the outdoor heat exchanger (22), the refrigerant dissipates heat to the outdoor air and condenses. The condensed refrigerant flows through the bridge circuit (31) and the one-way passage (32), is expanded by the outdoor expansion valve (24), and flows through the liquid side communication pipe (16).
[0084]
The refrigerant in the liquid side communication pipe (16) is divided into two indoor circuits (60, 65), and in each indoor heat exchanger (61, 66) absorbs heat from room air and evaporates. That is, indoor air is cooled in the indoor heat exchangers (61, 66). The evaporated refrigerant flows through the gas side communication pipe (17), joins and then flows into the outdoor circuit (20). Thereafter, the refrigerant passes through the four-way switching valve (21), returns to the compression mechanism (40) through the suction pipe (43). Such circulation of the refrigerant is repeated.
[0085]
-Heating operation-
During the heating operation, a heating operation is performed in which the indoor heat exchangers (61, 66) serve as a condenser. During the heating operation, the four-way selector valve (21) is in a state indicated by a broken line in FIG. The outdoor expansion valve (24) is adjusted to a predetermined opening, and the oil return solenoid valve (53) and the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) are appropriately opened and closed. The degas solenoid valve (36) is always kept open while the heating operation is performed. These valve operations are performed by the controller (90).
[0086]
In this case, the refrigerant basically flows in the reverse direction in the refrigerant circuit (15) during the cooling operation. That is, the refrigerant dissipates heat to the indoor air and condenses, absorbs heat from the outdoor air and evaporates, and the room is heated. Details of the refrigerant flow are omitted.
[0087]
−Oil return operation−
Next, oil return control of the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) of the compression mechanism (40) in the cooling operation and the heating operation will be described.
[0088]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the compression mechanism (40) is started from the second compressor (42). First, at the point A, when the second compressor (42) is started, the oil control means (91) performs start control while keeping the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) in a shut-off state. That is, since the first compressor (41) is currently stopped, the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is kept closed.
[0089]
Subsequently, the second compressor (42) is controlled corresponding to the air conditioning load from the lowest capacity (lowest frequency) to the highest capacity (highest frequency). At that time, as shown by point B in FIG. 3, the oil control means (91) keeps only the oil return solenoid valve (53) in a communication state at a predetermined interval while keeping the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) shut off. Perform low-capacity control that switches to the shut-off state. That is, since the first compressor (41) is currently stopped, the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is kept closed. The oil return solenoid valve (53) repeats an operation of opening for 10 seconds and closing for 20 minutes, for example.
[0090]
When the second compressor (42) is driven, the oil (lubricating oil) inside the second compressor (42) flows into the discharge pipe (44) together with the refrigerant and is separated by the oil separator (51). . When the oil return solenoid valve (53) is opened, the separated oil passes through the oil return pipe (52), returns from the suction pipe (43) to the second compressor (42), and this oil return operation is repeated. .
[0091]
Thereafter, when the air conditioning load increases and the capacity of the second compressor (42) is insufficient, the driving of the first compressor (41) is started (see point C in FIG. 3).
[0092]
At that time, the oil control means (91) prohibits oil return control before the first compressor (41) is driven in a state where the second compressor (42) is being driven (point D in FIG. 3). reference). That is, this prohibition control is maintained for a predetermined time in a closed state in which both the oil return solenoid valve (53) and the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) are closed before the first compressor (41) is driven.
[0093]
The oil control means (91) keeps the oil leveling solenoid valve (55) in a communicating state immediately before driving the first compressor (41) while the second compressor (42) is driven. The control immediately before driving is performed (see point E in FIG. 3). That is, the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is opened for 10 seconds to reduce the internal pressure of the first compressor (41).
[0094]
Thereafter, the oil control means (91) is configured so that the oil return solenoid valve is in a state where both the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are driven, as indicated by a point F in FIG. (53) and the oil equalization solenoid valve (55) perform oil return control in which the communication state and the shut-off state are switched at predetermined intervals in synchronization. For example, after the oil return solenoid valve (53) and the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) are both opened for 10 seconds, the oil return solenoid valve (53) and the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) are both closed. The state is performed for 20 minutes and this operation is repeated.
[0095]
That is, the oil (lubricating oil) inside the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) flows into the discharge pipe (44) together with the refrigerant and is separated by the oil separator (51). The oil control means (91) temporarily returns the oil in the oil separator (51) from the oil return pipe (52) to the first compressor (41) via the suction branch pipe (43a). Thereafter, the first compressor (41) is returned to the second compressor (42) through the oil equalizing pipe (54).
[0096]
When the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil control means (91) causes the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42) to continue for a predetermined time. Then, the drive of the first compressor (41) is temporarily stopped, and correction control is performed to increase the operating capacity of the second compressor (42). That is, as shown in FIG. 5, in step ST1, whether or not the state where the first compressor (41) is driven and the second compressor (42) is driven at the minimum capacity has continued for 20 minutes. judge.
[0097]
The above-described operation is repeated until the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42) continues for 20 minutes. On the other hand, if the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42) continues for 20 minutes, the determination in step ST1 is YES, the process proceeds to step ST2, the drive of the first compressor (41) is temporarily stopped, and the second compression The operation for increasing the operation capacity of the machine (42) is executed for 5 minutes. That is, during the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42), less oil is discharged from the second compressor (42) to the refrigerant circuit (15), and more oil is accumulated in the second compressor (42). Therefore, the capacity of the second compressor (42) is temporarily increased, the amount of oil discharged to the refrigerant circuit (15) is increased, the amount of oil in the oil separator (51) and the like is increased, and oil leveling is performed.
[0098]
Thereafter, the process proceeds from step ST2 to step ST3, the original state is restored, the first compressor (41) is driven, and the second compressor (42) is driven with the minimum capacity. This operation is repeated.
[0099]
On the other hand, when the second compressor (42) stops abnormally, the oil control means (91) drives only the first compressor (41) as shown by a point G in FIG. An abnormal control is performed in which only the oil return solenoid valve (53) is switched between a communication state and a shut-off state at a predetermined interval while the state 55) is kept cut off (see point H in FIG. 3). That is, since the inside of the first compressor (41) is in a high pressure state, the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is held in a closed state so that the high-pressure gas refrigerant does not flow to the second compressor (42). The oil return solenoid valve (53) repeats an operation of opening for 10 seconds and closing for 20 minutes, for example.
[0100]
<Effect of the embodiment>
As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both configured by the high-pressure dome, COP (coefficient of performance) can be improved.
[0101]
That is, the refrigerant sucked into the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) is compressed without exchanging heat with the oil in the compressor dome. As a result, during the cooling operation, the amount of heat of the suction refrigerant is not used for cooling the oil, and the compressed high-pressure refrigerant exchanges heat with the oil in the compressor dome and partly condenses. Therefore, the COP during the cooling operation is improved.
[0102]
Further, in a state where the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil return solenoid valve (53) and the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) Since the communication state and the shut-off state are switched at intervals, the oil can be reliably returned to the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42).
[0103]
Conventionally, in a twin-type compressor including two compressors of a low-pressure dome, an oil equalizing pipe (54) is connected to the two compressor dome. However, in this system, when two compressors of a high-pressure dome are provided, oil return cannot be performed accurately.
[0104]
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) is collected by the oil separator (51), and the oil in the oil separator (51) is oiled. The return pipe (52) is temporarily returned to the first compressor (41). Thereafter, excess oil from the first compressor (41) is returned from the oil equalizing pipe (54) to the second compressor (42) so that the oil is accurately returned.
[0105]
Further, before the first compressor (41) is driven, the oil return solenoid valve (53) and the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) are both kept closed. As a result, the oil can be accumulated in the oil separator (51), and when the first compressor (41) is started, the oil accumulated in the oil separator (51) is reliably supplied to the first compressor (41). Can be brought back.
[0106]
In addition, since the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is held in a communicating state immediately before the first compressor (41) is driven, a starting failure can be prevented. That is, since the internal pressure of the first compressor (41) can be reduced and the refrigerant stagnated in the oil can be removed, it is possible to prevent startup failure.
[0107]
When the first compressor (41) is driven and the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42) continues for a predetermined time, the driving of the first compressor (41) is temporarily stopped, and the second compressor Since the operating capacity of (42) is increased, oil leveling can be performed accurately. That is, during the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42), less oil is discharged from the second compressor (42) to the refrigerant circuit (15), and more oil is accumulated in the second compressor (42). . Therefore, the capacity of the second compressor (42) is temporarily increased, and the oil discharged to the refrigerant circuit (15) is increased so as to perform oil equalization.
[0108]
Further, in a state where only the second compressor (42) is driven, only the oil return solenoid valve (53) is in a communication state and a shut-off state at predetermined intervals while the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is kept shut off. Therefore, the oil can be reliably returned to the second compressor (42).
[0109]
Further, when the second compressor (42) is abnormally stopped and only the first compressor (41) is operating, only the oil return solenoid valve (53) remains in the state where the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is shut off. Is switched between the communication state and the shut-off state at a predetermined interval, so that leakage of the high-pressure refrigerant to the second compressor (42) can be reliably prevented.
[0110]
In addition, when the second compressor (42) is started, the oil equalizing solenoid valve (55) is kept in the shut-off state, so that the oil in the first compressor (41) is supplied to the second compressor (42). ) Is reliably prevented from inhaling.
[0111]
Other Embodiments of the Invention
In the above embodiment, the oil in the oil separator (51) is temporarily returned from the oil return pipe (52) to the first compressor (41), and then from the first compressor (41) through the oil equalizing pipe (54). It returns to the 2nd compressor (42). However, as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 2, the oil return pipe (52) and the oil equalizing pipe (54) are provided with heat exchangers (56, 57) as a cooling mechanism so that the oil is cooled by outside air. May be.
[0112]
In this case, the internal temperature of the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) can be lowered. As a result, the reliability of the compression mechanism (40) can be improved and the operating range can be expanded. Furthermore, since the daily volume of the suction refrigerant of the compression mechanism (40) can be reduced, the compression function can be improved.
[0113]
The present invention may have the following configuration in addition to the above embodiment. That is, the present invention can be applied to devices other than air conditioners as long as they are refrigeration devices that perform a vapor compression refrigeration cycle. Moreover, this invention is applicable also to the system which connected the indoor unit of the air conditioner, the refrigerator, and the freezer as a utilization side unit in parallel.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged configuration diagram showing a compression mechanism.
FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing characteristics of oil return control.
FIG. 4 is a timing chart showing other oil return control characteristics.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a driving operation of the compression mechanism.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Air conditioning equipment (refrigeration equipment)
11 Outdoor unit (heat source unit)
12, 13 Indoor unit (Usage unit)
15 Refrigerant circuit
40 Compression mechanism
41 First compressor (compressor)
42 Second compressor (compressor)
51 Oil separator
52 Oil return pipe
53 Oil return solenoid valve (oil return opening and closing mechanism)
54 Oil leveling pipe
55 Oil leveling solenoid valve (oil leveling mechanism)
90 Controller (control means)
91 Oil control means
Claims (10)
上記熱源ユニット(11)には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機(41)と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機(42)とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構(40)が設けられ、
該圧縮機構(40)の吐出側には、油分離器(51)が設けられ、該油分離器(51)と圧縮機構(40)の吸込み側との間には、油分離器(51)で分離された油を圧縮機構(40)に戻す油戻し管(52)が接続され、該油戻し管(52)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構(53)が設けられる一方、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機(41)に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側に供給する均油管(54)が接続され、該均油管(54)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構(55)が設けられ、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構(53)と均油開閉機構(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行い、
上記第2圧縮機(42)が駆動している状態で第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する前には、油戻し制御を禁止する
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。A refrigeration apparatus including a refrigerant circuit (15) in which a heat source unit (11) and a utilization unit (12, 13) are connected so as to circulate refrigerant,
In the heat source unit (11), a high-pressure dome type first compressor (41) operated at a constant capacity and a high-pressure dome type second compressor (42) whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages are arranged in parallel. A compression mechanism (40) connected to the
An oil separator (51) is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism (40), and an oil separator (51) is provided between the oil separator (51) and the suction side of the compression mechanism (40). An oil return pipe (52) is connected to return the oil separated in step 1 to the compression mechanism (40). The oil return pipe (52) has an oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state. While provided
Between the first compressor (41) and the suction side of the second compressor (42), when the oil stored in the first compressor (41) exceeds a predetermined level, the excess oil is compressed by the second compression. An oil leveling pipe (54) to be supplied to the suction side of the machine (42) is connected, and the oil leveling pipe (54) is provided with an oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) that switches between a communication state and a cutoff state ,
When the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) and the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) communicate with each other at a predetermined interval. state and have the oil return line of the control switches to a cut-off state,
The refrigerating apparatus is characterized in that oil return control is prohibited before the first compressor (41) is driven while the second compressor (42) is being driven.
上記熱源ユニット(11)には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機(41)と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機(42)とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構(40)が設けられ、
該圧縮機構(40)の吐出側には、油分離器(51)が設けられ、該油分離器(51)と圧縮機構(40)の吸込み側との間には、油分離器(51)で分離された油を圧縮機構(40)に戻す油戻し管(52)が接続され、該油戻し管(52)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構(53)が設けられる一方、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機(41)に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側に供給する均油管(54)が接続され、該均油管(54)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構(55)が設けられ、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構(53)と均油開閉機構(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行い、
上記第2圧縮機(42)が駆動している状態で第1圧縮機(41)が駆動する直前には、均油開閉機構(55)を連通状態に保持する
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。A refrigeration apparatus including a refrigerant circuit (15) in which a heat source unit (11) and a utilization unit (12, 13) are connected so as to circulate refrigerant,
In the heat source unit (11), a high-pressure dome type first compressor (41) operated at a constant capacity and a high-pressure dome type second compressor (42) whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages are arranged in parallel. A compression mechanism (40) connected to the
An oil separator (51) is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism (40), and an oil separator (51) is provided between the oil separator (51) and the suction side of the compression mechanism (40). An oil return pipe (52) is connected to return the oil separated in step 1 to the compression mechanism (40). The oil return pipe (52) has an oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state. While provided
Between the first compressor (41) and the suction side of the second compressor (42), when the oil stored in the first compressor (41) exceeds a predetermined level, the excess oil is compressed by the second compression. An oil leveling pipe (54) to be supplied to the suction side of the machine (42) is connected, and the oil leveling pipe (54) is provided with an oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) that switches between a communication state and a cutoff state ,
When the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) and the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) communicate with each other at a predetermined interval. state and have the oil return line of the control switches to a cut-off state,
The refrigeration apparatus characterized in that the oil leveling mechanism (55) is held in a communicating state immediately before the first compressor (41) is driven while the second compressor (42) is being driven.
上記熱源ユニット(11)には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機(41)と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機(42)とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構(40)が設けられ、
該圧縮機構(40)の吐出側には、油分離器(51)が設けられ、該油分離器(51)と圧縮機構(40)の吸込み側との間には、油分離器(51)で分離された油を圧縮機構(40)に戻す油戻し管(52)が接続され、該油戻し管(52)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構(53)が設けられる一方、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機(41)に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側に供給する均油管(54)が接続され、該均油管(54)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構(55)が設けられ、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構(53)と均油開閉機構(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行い、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動しているときには、第2圧縮機(42)の最低容量運転が所定時間継続すると、第1圧縮機(41)の駆動を一旦停止し、第2圧縮機(42)の運転容量を増大させる
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。A refrigeration apparatus including a refrigerant circuit (15) in which a heat source unit (11) and a utilization unit (12, 13) are connected so as to circulate refrigerant,
In the heat source unit (11), a high-pressure dome type first compressor (41) operated at a constant capacity and a high-pressure dome type second compressor (42) whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages are arranged in parallel. A compression mechanism (40) connected to the
An oil separator (51) is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism (40), and an oil separator (51) is provided between the oil separator (51) and the suction side of the compression mechanism (40). An oil return pipe (52) is connected to return the oil separated in step 1 to the compression mechanism (40). The oil return pipe (52) has an oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state. While provided
Between the first compressor (41) and the suction side of the second compressor (42), when the oil stored in the first compressor (41) exceeds a predetermined level, the excess oil is compressed by the second compression. An oil leveling pipe (54) to be supplied to the suction side of the machine (42) is connected, and the oil leveling pipe (54) is provided with an oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) that switches between a communication state and a cutoff state ,
When the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) and the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) communicate with each other at a predetermined interval. state and have the oil return line of the control switches to a cut-off state,
When the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, if the minimum capacity operation of the second compressor (42) continues for a predetermined time, the first compressor (41) A refrigerating apparatus characterized by temporarily stopping driving and increasing the operating capacity of the second compressor (42).
上記熱源ユニット(11)には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機(41)と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機(42)とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構(40)が設けられ、
該圧縮機構(40)の吐出側には、油分離器(51)が設けられ、該油分離器(51)と圧縮機構(40)の吸込み側との間には、油分離器(51)で分離された油を圧縮機構(40)に戻す油戻し管(52)が接続され、該油戻し管(52)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構(53)が設けられる一方、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機(41)に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側に供給する均油管(54)が接続され、該均油管(54)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構(55)が設けられ、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構(53)と均油開閉機構(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行い、
上記第2圧縮機(42)が異常停止し、第1圧縮機(41)のみが駆動しているときには、均油開閉機構(55)を遮断状態のまま油戻し開閉機構(53)のみを所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換える
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。A refrigeration apparatus including a refrigerant circuit (15) in which a heat source unit (11) and a utilization unit (12, 13) are connected so as to circulate refrigerant,
In the heat source unit (11), a high-pressure dome type first compressor (41) operated at a constant capacity and a high-pressure dome type second compressor (42) whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages are arranged in parallel. A compression mechanism (40) connected to the
An oil separator (51) is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism (40), and an oil separator (51) is provided between the oil separator (51) and the suction side of the compression mechanism (40). An oil return pipe (52) is connected to return the oil separated in step 1 to the compression mechanism (40). The oil return pipe (52) has an oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state. While provided
Between the first compressor (41) and the suction side of the second compressor (42), when the oil stored in the first compressor (41) exceeds a predetermined level, the excess oil is compressed by the second compression. An oil leveling pipe (54) to be supplied to the suction side of the machine (42) is connected, and the oil leveling pipe (54) is provided with an oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) that switches between a communication state and a cutoff state ,
When the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) and the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) communicate with each other at a predetermined interval. state and have the oil return line of the control switches to a cut-off state,
When the second compressor (42) is abnormally stopped and only the first compressor (41) is operating, only the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) is predetermined while the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) is shut off. A refrigeration apparatus that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state at intervals of.
上記熱源ユニット(11)には、一定容量で運転される高圧ドーム型の第1圧縮機(41)と、運転容量が多段に調整される高圧ドーム型の第2圧縮機(42)とが並列に接続されて成る圧縮機構(40)が設けられ、
該圧縮機構(40)の吐出側には、油分離器(51)が設けられ、該油分離器(51)と圧縮機構(40)の吸込み側との間には、油分離器(51)で分離された油を圧縮機構(40)に戻す油戻し管(52)が接続され、該油戻し管(52)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し開閉機構(53)が設けられる一方、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側との間には、第1圧縮機(41)に貯留された油が所定以上になると、余剰の油を第2圧縮機(42)の吸込み側に供給する均油管(54)が接続され、該均油管(54)には、連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる均油開閉機構(55)が設けられ、
上記第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)とが共に駆動しているときには、油戻し開閉機構(53)と均油開閉機構(55)とが同期して所定の間隔で連通状態と遮断状態とに切り換わる油戻し制御を行い、
上記第2圧縮機(42)が起動する際には、均油開閉機構(55)を遮断状態に保持する
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。A refrigeration apparatus including a refrigerant circuit (15) in which a heat source unit (11) and a utilization unit (12, 13) are connected so as to circulate refrigerant,
In the heat source unit (11), a high-pressure dome type first compressor (41) operated at a constant capacity and a high-pressure dome type second compressor (42) whose operating capacity is adjusted in multiple stages are arranged in parallel. A compression mechanism (40) connected to the
An oil separator (51) is provided on the discharge side of the compression mechanism (40), and an oil separator (51) is provided between the oil separator (51) and the suction side of the compression mechanism (40). An oil return pipe (52) is connected to return the oil separated in step 1 to the compression mechanism (40). The oil return pipe (52) has an oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) that switches between a communication state and a shut-off state. While provided
Between the first compressor (41) and the suction side of the second compressor (42), when the oil stored in the first compressor (41) exceeds a predetermined level, the excess oil is compressed by the second compression. An oil leveling pipe (54) to be supplied to the suction side of the machine (42) is connected, and the oil leveling pipe (54) is provided with an oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) that switches between a communication state and a cutoff state ,
When the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) are both driven, the oil return opening / closing mechanism (53) and the oil leveling opening / closing mechanism (55) communicate with each other at a predetermined interval. state and have the oil return line of the control switches to a cut-off state,
When the second compressor (42) is started, the oil leveling mechanism (55) is held in a shut-off state.
油戻し管(52)には、油を冷却する冷却機構(56)が設けられている
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。In any one of Claims 1-5 ,
The oil return pipe (52) is provided with a cooling mechanism (56) for cooling the oil.
均油管(54)には、油を冷却する冷却機構(57)が設けられている
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。In any one of Claims 1-5 ,
The oil equalizing pipe (54) is provided with a cooling mechanism (57) for cooling the oil.
油分離器(51)は、第1圧縮機(41)と第2圧縮機(42)との吐出冷媒が合流して流れる吐出管(44)の主管部分に設けられている
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。In any one of Claims 1-5 ,
The oil separator (51) is provided in a main pipe portion of a discharge pipe (44) through which the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (41) and the second compressor (42) flows. Refrigeration equipment.
油戻し管(52)の圧縮機構(40)側の端部は、第1圧縮機(41)に接続される吸入管(43)の吸入枝管(43a)に接続されている
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。In any one of Claims 1-5 ,
The end of the oil return pipe (52) on the compression mechanism (40) side is connected to the suction branch pipe (43a) of the suction pipe (43) connected to the first compressor (41). Refrigeration equipment.
第1圧縮機(41)に接続される吸入管(43)の吸入枝管(43a)と第2圧縮機(42)に接続される吸入管(43)の吸入枝管(43b)とは、相互に流通自在に構成されている
ことを特徴とする冷凍装置。 In claim 9 ,
The suction branch pipe (43a) of the suction pipe (43) connected to the first compressor (41) and the suction branch pipe (43b) of the suction pipe (43) connected to the second compressor (42) are: A refrigeration apparatus characterized in that it can be circulated mutually.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000374315A JP3750520B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2000-12-08 | Refrigeration equipment |
| PCT/JP2001/010761 WO2002046664A1 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2001-12-07 | Refrigerator |
| AU2002221094A AU2002221094A1 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2001-12-07 | Refrigerator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000374315A JP3750520B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2000-12-08 | Refrigeration equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002174463A JP2002174463A (en) | 2002-06-21 |
| JP3750520B2 true JP3750520B2 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000374315A Expired - Fee Related JP3750520B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2000-12-08 | Refrigeration equipment |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3750520B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002221094A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002046664A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3946191B2 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2007-07-18 | 三星電子株式会社 | Refrigeration apparatus and control method of refrigeration apparatus |
| CN100339666C (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2007-09-26 | 游可方 | Variable loaded heat pump system in multi machines |
| CN101000192A (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-18 | 博西华电器(江苏)有限公司 | Refrigeration system of refrigerator |
| JP4591402B2 (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2010-12-01 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Refrigeration equipment |
| FR2983257B1 (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | Danfoss Commercial Compressors | COMPRESSION DEVICE, AND THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEM COMPRISING SUCH A COMPRESSION DEVICE |
| JP2014066488A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-17 | Panasonic Corp | Air conditioner |
| JP6187514B2 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2017-08-30 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Refrigeration equipment |
| CN105180493B (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2019-12-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Compressor module, multi-module unit and oil balancing control method of multi-module unit |
| WO2017061009A1 (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-04-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Refrigeration cycle device |
| US11149992B2 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2021-10-19 | Sumitomo (Shi) Cryogenic Of America, Inc. | Dual helium compressors |
| WO2021050468A1 (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2021-03-18 | Carrier Corporation | Hvac unit with expansion device |
| CN112648754B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2023-07-14 | 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 | An air conditioning circulation system and circulation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01131850A (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1989-05-24 | Toshiba Corp | Air conditioner |
| JP2865707B2 (en) * | 1989-06-14 | 1999-03-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Refrigeration equipment |
| JPH0742065Y2 (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1995-09-27 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Compressor unit |
| JPH07127932A (en) * | 1993-11-09 | 1995-05-19 | Kubota Corp | Heat pump device |
| JPH085169A (en) * | 1994-06-21 | 1996-01-12 | Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd | Air conditioner |
| JP2000046418A (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2000-02-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Inverter type air conditioner |
| AU749518B2 (en) * | 1999-07-21 | 2002-06-27 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Refrigerating device |
-
2000
- 2000-12-08 JP JP2000374315A patent/JP3750520B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-12-07 WO PCT/JP2001/010761 patent/WO2002046664A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-12-07 AU AU2002221094A patent/AU2002221094A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2002046664A1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
| AU2002221094A1 (en) | 2002-06-18 |
| JP2002174463A (en) | 2002-06-21 |
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