JP3751177B2 - Kneading machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a kneader for adding a liquid to a raw material powder and performing kneading in a previous stage of granulation to produce a granulated intermediate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the pre-granulation stage used in various manufacturing fields such as pharmaceuticals and foods, the raw material powder is generally added and kneaded.
[0003]
For example, in JP-A-8-244032, a gear pump for discharge control is connected to the outlet of the kneaded product at the end of the kneader housing, and a granulator is connected to the outlet of the gear pump. A kneading and granulating apparatus is shown in which a kneading machine is disposed directly above the gear pump, and the gear pump is movable in a direction crossing the axis of the kneading machine.
[0004]
Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the other end of the kneader in which the paddle 3 and the screw 4 are attached to the rotating shaft 2 penetrating the trough 1 and cantilevered at one end (not shown) at the end of the trough 1. There is known a kneader in which a porous die 6 is attached to the discharge port 5 and a kneaded product is extruded from the porous die 6 and discharged to obtain a granulated intermediate.
[0005]
On the other hand, a paddle and a screw are attached to a rotary shaft disposed in a trough of a horizontal kneader having a raw material input port at one end and a kneaded product discharge port at the other end, and the rotary shaft is connected to the trough input side. The end portion and the discharge side end portion are rotatably supported, the discharge port is provided in a lower part or a side portion of the trough, and passes through the trough pocket between the rear edge of the discharge port and the discharge side end portion. A kneader in which a reverse feed screw is attached to a rotating shaft portion is also known.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the kneader described in the above publication requires a gear pump for controlling the discharge and has a plurality of device configurations, which is disadvantageous in terms of equipment cost, operability, maintenance, and the like.
[0007]
Further, in the kneader shown in FIG. 8, since the tip of the rotary shaft 2 cannot be fixed, the inner wall of the trough 1, the paddle 3 and the screw 4 are rubbed, and foreign matter such as metal is mixed in the kneaded material. Occurs.
[0008]
Further, in the kneader provided with a discharge port at the bottom or side of the trough, when a porous die is mounted on the discharge port in order to obtain a granulated intermediate, the discharge resistance becomes high and a reverse feed screw is attached. However, the kneaded material is not stably discharged from the porous die holes, and there is a problem that the kneaded material is denatured due to clogging of the kneaded material or excessive heat generation due to kneading.
[0009]
Therefore, the problem of the present invention is that the mixing of the raw materials consisting of powder and liquid is good with a single machine and the dispersion and mixing are good, and the mixing of foreign substances such as metals into the kneaded product can be prevented. It is to provide a kneader that can be stably obtained.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following configuration.
[0011]
That is, a rotary shaft having a paddle and a screw attached is disposed in a horizontal trough having a raw material inlet at one end and a kneaded product outlet at the other end, and the rotary shaft is connected to the trough inlet end. And a portion of the rotating shaft that passes through the trough pocket between the rear edge of the discharge port and the discharge side end portion. In the kneader in which a reverse feed screw is attached to the discharge port and a porous die is attached to the discharge port, a forward feed screw is attached to a portion of the rotary shaft facing the upper front edge of the discharge port.
[0012]
With the above configuration, the kneaded material that is fed while being kneaded in the trough is fed forward by the forward-feeding screw with a higher transport capacity than the paddle alone, and the kneaded material is pushed back by the reverse-feeding screw. Therefore, the kneaded product is compressed and pressurized at the position of the discharge port. As a result, the kneaded material is stably discharged from the porous die.
[0013]
Here, the paddle includes not only a flat paddle for kneading but also a helical paddle for both kneading and feeding.
[0014]
It is desirable that a required discharge-side paddle is attached between the forward-feed screw and the reverse-feed screw of the rotary shaft, and the discharge-side paddle attached at a position offset toward the reverse-feed screw is a reverse-feed paddle.
[0015]
With the above configuration, the discharge-side paddle causes a flow in the cross-section such as the circumferential direction of the trough together with the forward flow of the kneaded material, and the discharge-side reverse feed paddle includes a reverse flow of the kneaded material and a cross-section such as the circumferential direction. Cause the flow inside. As a result, the kneaded material is compressed and pressurized as described above at the discharge port, and the discharge is accelerated by the flow in the cross section, and the entire area from the front edge to the rear edge of the discharge port is stabilized from the porous die. Are evenly discharged.
[0016]
The discharge side paddle except for the reverse feed paddle is preferably a flat paddle.
[0017]
With the above configuration, the proportion of the flow of the kneaded material in the cross section in the circumferential direction or the like in the flow is increased, the discharge is further promoted, and the entire area of the discharge port is stably and more uniformly discharged from the porous die. .
[0018]
It is desirable to form an entry side taper portion constricted in the discharge direction in the die hole of the porous die.
[0019]
With the above configuration, the flow of the kneaded material to the die hole becomes uniform, the discharge resistance becomes small, and the discharge becomes easy. As a result, it is possible to prevent clogging of the kneaded material that occurs when the discharge resistance is large, deterioration of the kneaded material due to heat generation due to excessive kneading, and die cracking.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the kneader according to the embodiment of the present invention is a biaxial type in which a pair of rotating shafts 2 and 2 are arranged in parallel inside a horizontal trough 1 that can be divided into upper and lower parts. The trough 1 is provided with a raw material inlet 9 at one end and a kneaded product outlet 5 at the other end.
[0022]
Bearing boxes 8 and 8 ′ are attached to the casing 7 at the input side end and the discharge side end of the trough 1, the rolling bearing 10 is accommodated in the input side bearing box 8, and the discharge side bearing box 8 ′ ends. The bush 11 is accommodated. A sleeve 13 is inserted and fixed to the journal portion 12 on the discharge side of the rotary shaft 2 by a bolt 14, and the sleeve 13 is fitted to the bush 11. Both ends of the rotating shaft 2 are supported by the bearings 10 and 11. A heat medium can flow through the jacket portion 15 formed by the trough 1 and the casing 7.
[0023]
The discharge port 5 for the kneaded material is provided in the lower part of the peripheral wall near the discharge side end of the trough 1, and a porous die 6 made of stainless steel is connected to the die surface 24 of the discharge port 5 on the arc surface 16 on the side wall of the trough 1. , 16 so as to be curved. The discharge port 5 may be provided on a side portion of the peripheral wall of the trough 1.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 3, the porous die 6 is provided with a plurality of cylindrical die holes 26 each having a conical entry-side taper portion 25 constricted in the discharge direction indicated by an arrow. The tapered portion 25 on the entry side of the die hole 26 of the porous die 6 is desirably provided from the middle to the upper side of the thickness of the die surface 24, and the taper angle α is about 40 to 60 °. The ratio of the total opening area of the entrance side of the object to the area of the die surface is preferably about 40 to 50%.
[0025]
Between the inlet 9 of the rotating shaft 2 and the vicinity of the outlet 5, two end portions 18 a and 18 a having a substantially elliptical shape having a circular arc surface 17 a bulging on both sides of the center of rotation are provided. The required number of paddles 3 and the required number of screws 4 are attached via a key.
[0026]
A forward screw 19 is attached to a portion of the rotary shaft 2 that faces the upper part of the front edge of the discharge port 5, that is, in the vicinity of the position where the kneaded material enters the discharge port 5, and from the rear edge of the discharge port 5 to the discharge side end. A reverse feed screw 21 is attached to the portion of the rotary shaft 2 that passes through the trough pocket 20.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 4, the progressive screw 19 has a substantially elliptical end surface with two arcuate surfaces 17a 'bulging on both sides of the center of rotation similar to the paddle 3 shown in FIG. 18'a and 18'a, and the tip portions 18'a and 18'a have a screw shape in which the tip portions 18'a and 18'a are sequentially spirally twisted along the arcuate surfaces 16 and 16 of the side wall of the trough 1. . The reverse feed screw 21 is formed by reversing the spiral direction of the forward feed screw 19. Both the forward feed slew 19 and the reverse feed screw 21 may be at least a half pitch.
[0028]
Between the forward feed screw 19 and the reverse feed screw 21 of the rotary shaft 2, as shown in FIG. 5, the cross-sectional shape is substantially elliptical like the paddle 3 shown in FIG. 2, and the tip portions 18 a and 18 a are twisted. A required number of flat paddles 22 (discharge side paddles in the claims) for the purpose of kneading only, which are not provided, are attached sequentially at different angles. Instead of the flat paddle 22, the helical formed by twisting in a certain direction so that the tip portions 18a, 18a exist on a certain spiral as shown in FIG. The paddle 27 may be used, or the flat paddle 22 and the helical paddle 27 may be combined.
[0029]
Adjacent to the reverse feed screw 21, a reverse helical paddle 23 (reverse feed paddle referred to in the claims) in which the twisting direction of the helical paddle is reversed is attached to the rotary shaft 2. If necessary, a plurality of the reverse helical paddles 23 may be attached to a portion of the rotary shaft 2 that is offset from the reverse feed screw 21 side.
[0030]
The embodiment of the present invention is configured as described above, and the operation thereof will be described below.
[0031]
Raw materials obtained by adding liquid to the powder supplied from the inlet 9 are kneaded in the trough 1 and attached to a portion facing the front edge of the outlet 5 of the rotary shaft 2. The kneaded product is pushed back by the reverse feed screw 21 and the reverse helical paddle 23 attached to the portion of the rotary shaft 2 that passes through the trough pocket 20 between the rear edge of the discharge port 5 and the discharge side end. Is compressed and pressurized at the position of the discharge port 5. As a result, the kneaded material is stably discharged from the porous die 6.
[0032]
In addition, since the die hole 26 has a conical entry side taper portion 25 constricted in the discharge direction, the flow of the kneaded material to the die hole 26 is uniform, discharge resistance is reduced, and discharge is facilitated. Clogging of discharged matter generated when resistance is large, heat generation due to excessive kneading, deterioration of the kneaded material, and die cracking are prevented.
[0033]
Further, since the rotary shaft 2 is rotatably supported at both ends of the trough 1, the flat paddles 22, 22 ′ and the reverse helical paddle 23, the forward feed screw 19 and the reverse feed screw 21 are connected to the inner wall of the trough 1. There is no foreign matter such as metal, and there is no problem of mixing them into the kneaded product. The same applies to the helical paddle and reverse helical paddle, forward feed screw and reverse feed screw not shown.
[0034]
When the kneader is serviced, since the bush 11 is used, the bearing box 8 'can be easily slid outward in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 2, and is inserted into the journal portion 12. If the sleeve 13 is removed and the upper part of the trough 1 is opened, the paddles and screws can be pulled out of the trough 1.
[0035]
The discharge structure as described above can be similarly applied to a kneader having the following configuration.
[0036]
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the flat paddle 22 and the paddle 3 shown in FIG. 1 have a substantially triangular shape in which the cross-sectional shape has three tip portions 18b, 18b, 18b at three equally distributed positions around the rotation center. It is a flat paddle 22 ', and a helical paddle 27 is a helical paddle twisted in a certain direction so that the tip portions 18b, 18b, 18b exist on a certain spiral.
[0037]
Further, the reverse helical paddle 23 is a helical paddle in which the tip portions 18b, 18b, 18b are twisted in opposite directions, and the progressive screw 19 has the same end face shape as the flat paddle 22 'shown in FIG. The front end portions 18b, 18b, 18b are sequentially spirally twisted to form a forward feed screw, and the reverse feed screw 21 is a reverse feed formed by reversing the spiral direction of the front end portions 18b, 18b, 18b of the forward feed screw. It is a feed screw.
[0038]
【Example】
The ratio L / D between the length L of the trough 1 and the inner diameter D of the arcuate surface 16 of its peripheral wall is 7.2, and the trough pocket extends from the portion facing the upper front edge of the discharge port 5 of the rotary shaft 2 as described above. A forward feed screw 19 and a reverse feed screw 21, a flat paddle 22 and a reverse helical paddle 23 are attached to a portion reaching 20, and a die hole 26 having a diameter of 3 mm having a taper portion having a diameter of 5 mm and an angle of 45 ° is formed on the discharge port 5. A raw material consisting of 90% by weight of powdered sugar, 3% by weight of colorant and 7% by weight of granule liquid is added as an excipient to a horizontal kneader equipped with a 2 mm thick porous die 6 provided with an opening ratio of 45% and kneaded. did. The kneaded material was discharged from the porous die 6 stably and evenly in the entire region from the front edge to the rear edge of the discharge port 5, and a good granulated intermediate was obtained.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a progressive feed screw having a higher transport capability than the paddle is newly provided in the portion facing the upper front edge of the discharge port of the horizontal trough of the kneader to which the porous die is attached. The kneaded material is compressed and pressurized by forward feeding and pushing back at the position of the discharge port by the action of the reverse feed screw provided between the discharge port and the end of the trough discharge side. Stablely discharged from the die.
[0040]
Further, by providing a discharge side paddle and a discharge side reverse feed paddle between the forward feed screw and the reverse feed screw, the kneaded product is compressed and pressurized by the forward flow and the reverse flow, and discharged by the flow in the cross section. In order to be promoted, it is stably and evenly discharged from the porous die over the entire area of the discharge port.
[0041]
In addition, the die hole having the conical entrance taper portion reduces discharge resistance and facilitates discharge, which can prevent clogging of the discharged material, alteration of the kneaded material due to heat generation due to excessive kneading, and prevention of die cracking. .
[0042]
With these results, a kneader capable of stably obtaining a granulated intermediate with good dispersion and mixing as well as kneading raw materials such as powder and liquid in one machine is realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially omitted longitudinal front view of an embodiment of a kneader according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the screw. FIG. 5A is a front view of the flat paddle. FIG. 6B is a side view of the flat paddle. FIG. 6A is a front view of the helical paddle. Side view [FIG. 7] (a) Front view of another embodiment of the above (b) Side view of the above [FIG. 8] Partially omitted vertical front view of a kneading machine of the prior art [Description of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Trough 2 Rotating shaft 3 Paddle 4 Screw 5 Discharge port 6 Porous die 7 Casing 8, 8 'Bearing box 9 Loading port 10 Rolling bearing 11 Bush 12 Journal part 13 Sleeve 14 Bolt 15 Jacket part 16 Arc surface 17a, 17a' Arc surface 18a, 18a ', 18b Tip 19 Forward screw 20 Trough pocket 21 Reverse feed screw 22, 22' Flat paddle 23 Reverse helical paddle 24 Die surface 25 Entry side taper part 26 Die hole 27 Helical paddle

Claims (3)

A rotary shaft fitted with a paddle and a screw is arranged in a horizontal trough provided with a raw material inlet at one end and a kneaded product outlet at the other end, and the rotary shaft is discharged from the trough inlet end. The exhaust port is supported in a rotatable manner at a side end portion, and the discharge port is provided in a peripheral wall portion of the trough. In a kneader equipped with a feed screw and equipped with a porous die at the outlet,
A forward feed screw is attached to a portion of the rotary shaft facing the upper front edge of the discharge port, and a required discharge side paddle is attached between the forward feed screw and the reverse feed screw of the rotary shaft, of which on the reverse feed screw side. A kneader characterized in that the discharge-side paddle attached to the offset position is a reverse feed paddle.   The kneading machine according to claim 1, wherein the discharge side paddle excluding the reverse feed paddle is a flat paddle.   The kneading machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an entrance-side taper portion constricted in a discharge direction is formed in a die hole of the porous die.

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