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JP3752086B2 - Method and apparatus for controlling thickness of plastic sheet, etc. - Google Patents
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JP3752086B2 - Method and apparatus for controlling thickness of plastic sheet, etc. - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for controlling thickness of plastic sheet, etc. Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3752086B2
JP3752086B2 JP30757698A JP30757698A JP3752086B2 JP 3752086 B2 JP3752086 B2 JP 3752086B2 JP 30757698 A JP30757698 A JP 30757698A JP 30757698 A JP30757698 A JP 30757698A JP 3752086 B2 JP3752086 B2 JP 3752086B2
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Prior art keywords
thickness
gear pump
control
pressure
speed
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JP30757698A
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JP2000127226A (en
Inventor
光広 井出
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Shibaura Machine Co Ltd
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Toshiba Machine Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/365Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
    • B29C48/37Gear pumps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/387Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using a screw extruder and a gear pump
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92114Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92152Thickness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92438Conveying, transporting or storage of articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92514Pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258Velocity
    • B29C2948/9259Angular velocity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258Velocity
    • B29C2948/926Flow or feed rate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92647Thickness
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92828Raw material handling or dosing, e.g. active hopper or feeding device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/92885Screw or gear

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、押出機のTダイによって押出成形されるプラスチックシートやフィルム(以下本発明においてはプラスチックシート等あるいは単にシート等と称する)に対して、厚さ計をシート等の幅方向に変位させながらシート等の送出方向の厚さを調整するプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御(MD制御)方法および装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、原料供給機と2軸押出機とギヤポンプとを備えたシート等の押出成形装置において、安定したシートないしフィルムを成形する定常制御運転時では、ギヤポンプからの溶融樹脂の吐出量を一定にするために、ギヤポンプを設定速度に保持する。原料供給機の特性変化に起因する圧力変動は、ギアポンプ直前の圧力が設定圧力になるように、原料供給機での原料供給量および2軸押出機での溶融樹脂の押出速度に対して、それぞれフィードバック制御が行われる。
【0003】
また、押出成形装置を長時間運転すると、前記ギヤポンプの出口側のフィルタ等の目詰まりにより、溶融樹脂の吐出量が減少して、シートないしフィルムの厚さが薄くなる。その場合には、シート引取機側に設けた走査型厚さ計により得られる計測データに基づいて、ギヤポンプの速度を制御することによるMD制御運転が定常制御運転に代わって行われる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかるに、前述した従来の押出成形装置によるシート等の押出成形によれば、ギヤポンプ直前の圧力が設定圧力となるような原料供給機および押出機のフィードバック制御からMD制御に切換えた場合、次のような不具合が生じる。すなわち、厚さ計から得られる厚さ検出信号に基づく厚さ偏差信号によって、ギヤポンプの速度をフィードバック制御すなわちギヤポンプによるMD制御運転に切換えると、遅れが少ないギヤポンプ制御に比べ、ギヤポンプ直前の圧力が設定圧力となるような原料供給機のフィードバック制御が押出機の樹脂滞留時間の遅れから追い付かず、押出機を適切に運転制御することが困難となる。
【0005】
そこで、本発明者は、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、原料供給機と2軸押出機とギヤポンプとを備えた押出成形装置を使用すると共に、前記ギヤポンプを介してTダイよりプラスチックシート等を押出し成形するに際し、定常制御運転時においては、ギヤポンプの入口圧力が設定圧力になるように、原料供給機および2軸押出機の速度をフィードバック制御し、また前記MD制御運転時には、前記厚さ計による検出値の設定値に対する厚み偏差信号に基づいて前記原料供給機の速度をサンプリングPIフィードバック制御に切換えると共に、前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいてギヤポンプの速度をフィードフォワード制御することにより、安定した制御運転操作を達成することができることを突き止めた。
【0006】
従って、本発明の目的は、原料供給機と2軸押出機とギヤポンプとを使用したシート等の押出成形装置において、シート等に対する厚さ計より得られる検出信号に基づいてMD制御を行う場合に、安定した運転操作を達成することができるプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法および装置を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するため、本発明に係るプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法は、原料供給機と2軸押出機とギヤポンプとを備えた押出成形装置を使用すると共に、前記ギヤポンプの下流側に設けたフィルタを介してTダイよりプラスチックシート等を押出し成形するに際し、成形されるプラスチックシート等に対し走査型厚さ計によって得られる計測データに基づいて、前記成形されるプラスチックシート等の送出方向の平均厚さ制御(MD制御)を行うように設定したプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法において、定常制御運転時には走査型厚さ計によって得られる計測データと厚さ設定器の設定値との差を用いて前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力が設定圧力になるように原料供給機および2軸押出機の速度をフィードバック制御し、MD制御運転時には前記厚さ計による検出値の設定値に対する厚み偏差信号に基づいて前記原料供給機の速度をサンプリングPIフィードバック制御に切換えると共に、前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいてギヤポンプの速度をフィードフォワード制御することを特徴とする。
【0008】
この場合、前記厚さ計による検出信号とギヤポンプの速度信号とに基づいて、定常制御運転からMD制御運転への切換えタイミングを設定することができる。
【0009】
また、前記厚さ制御方法を実施する装置としては、原料供給機と2軸押出機とギヤポンプとを備えた押出成形装置からなり、前記ギヤポンプの下流側に設けたフィルタを介してTダイにより押出し成形されるプラスチックシート等に対し、走査型厚さ計により得られる計測データに基づいて、シート等の送出方向の平均厚さ制御(MD制御)を行うように構成したプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御装置において、前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力を検出する圧力検出器を設けて、この圧力検出器により得られる検出圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいて原料供給機の速度をフィードバック制御する定常制御回路と、前記厚さ計により得られる検出値の設定値に対する厚み偏差信号に基づいて前記原料供給機の速度をサンプリングPIフィードバック制御すると共に、前記圧力検出器により得られる検出圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいてギヤポンプの速度をフィードフォワード制御するMD制御回路と、前記厚さ計により得られる検出値及び前記ギヤポンプの回転数信号が入力され前記定常制御回路からMD制御回路へ切換える切換信号を生成する切換タイミング設定器と、を設けた構成とすることができる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明に係るプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法につき、この制御方法を実施する制御装置との関係において、添付図面を参照しながら以下詳細に説明する。
【0011】
図1は、本発明に係るプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法の一実施例を示す押出成形装置の概略構成を示すものである。すなわち、図1において、本実施例の押出成形装置は、原料供給機10から供給される原料を、2軸押出機12で混練溶融して、この溶融された樹脂をギヤポンプ14で所定量計量しながら、フィルタ15を経てTダイ16よりシートないしフィルム(以下、シート等と称する)状にして押出し、その後シート引取機等のシート成形手段18によりシート等に成形する。そして、このように成形されたシート等は、前記シート成形手段18に設けた走査型厚さ計20により厚さ計測が行われる。
【0012】
原料供給機10、2軸押出機12およびギヤポンプ14は、それぞれ駆動用モータ22、24および26が取付けられており、これらの駆動用モータ22、24および26は、圧力検出器28、第1の圧力調節計30、第2の圧力調節計32等を備えた制御操作部34からなる運転制御装置により制御されるように構成されている。
【0013】
すなわち、前記圧力検出器28は、ギヤポンプ14の入口圧力Pinを検出するように設けられ、この入口圧力が予め設定した設定圧力となるように、第1の圧力調節計30により原料供給機10の速度をフィードバック制御し、また第2の圧力調節計32によりギヤポンプ14の速度をフィードフォワード制御するように構成される。
【0014】
このため、前記第1の圧力調節計30および第2の圧力調節計32は、それぞれ圧力設定器36a、36bと、この圧力設定器36a、36bで設定された圧力設定値信号と前記圧力検出器28で検出された圧力検出値信号とを比較してその偏差信号を得る比較器37a、37bと、前記偏差信号に基づいて前記原料供給機10の駆動用モータ22および前記ギヤポンプ14の駆動用モータ26を制御するためのPIDアンプ38a、38bとからそれぞれ構成されている。
【0015】
また、前記第1の圧力調節計30のPIDアンプ38aと原料供給機10の駆動用モータ22との間の信号ライン、および第2の圧力調節計32のPIDアンプ38bとギヤポンプ14の駆動用モータ26との間の信号ラインには、それぞれ所要のタイミングで定常制御運転からMD制御運転へ切換えるための手段として、MD制御切換タイミング設定器40によりそれぞれ操作される常閉リレー接点42aおよび常開リレー接点42bが設けられる。
【0016】
さらに、前記第1の圧力調節計30のPIDアンプ38aと駆動用モータ22との間の信号ラインには、厚さ設定器44により設定された厚さ設定値信号と前記厚さ計20により検出される厚さ検出値信号とを比較してその偏差信号を得る比較器45を設けると共に、前記厚さ計20と比較器45との間の信号ラインに、前記と同様に所要のタイミングで定常制御運転からMD制御運転へ切換えるための手段として、MD制御切換タイミング設定器40により操作される常開リレー接点43bが設けられる。
【0017】
なお、MD制御切換タイミング設定器40は、前記厚さ計20による厚さ検出信号と前記ギヤポンプ14の速度検出信号とを入力することにより、適正なMD制御運転への切換タイミングを設定するように構成される。
【0018】
次に、前記構成からなる押出成形装置の制御動作につき、図2に示す制御動作特性を併せ参照しながら説明する。
【0019】
1.定常制御運転
まず、前記構成からなる押出成形装置が適正な立上げ操作が行われて定常制御運転が行われている場合には、制御操作部34において、図示しない制御回路によりギヤポンプ14の駆動モータ26は設定速度(NGP回転数)に保持されている。そして、第1の圧力調節計30に対する常閉リレー接点42aにより、圧力検出器28により検出されたギヤポンプ14の入口圧力Pinの圧力検出値は、圧力設定器36aに設定された圧力設定値と比較器37aにおいて比較演算されその偏差信号が得られる。そして、得られた圧力偏差信号に基づきPIDアンプ38aを介して、原料供給機10の駆動用モータ22の速度(回転数)がフィードバック制御され、長周期変動である原料供給量FDが制御される定常制御回路が構成される。
【0020】
2.MD制御運転への切換
次いで、例えばフィルタ15において溶融樹脂の目詰まりを生じた際には、厚さ計20による厚さ検出信号と前記ギヤポンプ14の速度検出信号とから、MD制御切換タイミング設定器40において、例えば、図2に示すように、実測シート厚みが設定シート厚みよりも所定量小さくなると、MD制御への切換えが必要と判定される。そして、この場合には、前記MD制御切換タイミング設定器40の出力信号に基づいて、常閉リレー接点42aが開放動作すると共に、常開リレー接点42b、43bが閉成動作する。
【0021】
これにより、厚さ計20により検出されたシート等の厚さ検出値は、厚さ設定器44に設定された厚さ設定値と比較器45において比較演算されその偏差信号が得られる。そして、得られた厚さ偏差信号に基づいて原料供給機10の駆動用モータ22の速度(回転数)がサンプリングPIフィードバック制御され、原料供給量FDが制御される。また、圧力検出器28により検出されたギヤポンプ14の入口圧力の圧力検出値は、第2の圧力調節計32の圧力設定器36bに設定された圧力設定値と比較器37bにおいて比較演算されその偏差信号が得られる。得られた圧力偏差信号に基づきPIDアンプ38bを介して、ギヤポンプ14の駆動用モータ26の速度(NGP回転数)がフィードフォワード制御される。このようにして、MD制御回路が構成される。
【0022】
3.定常制御運転への復帰
このようにして、原料供給機10の駆動用モータ22がサンプリングPIフィードバック制御された結果、溶融樹脂の押出量が変化することによりギヤポンプ14の入口圧力Pinが変動し、ギヤポンプ14の駆動用モータ26の速度(回転数)が所定の速度(NGP回転数)となった際には、前記MD制御運転を停止し、MD制御切換タイミング設定器40をリセットさせて、前記常閉リレー接点42aおよび常開リレー接点42b、43bをそれぞれ元の状態に復帰動作させて、前述した定常制御運転に戻すことができる(図2参照)。
【0023】
以上の制御動作により、本発明に係る厚さ制御方法によれば、図2に示す特性からも明らかなように、定常制御運転からMD制御運転に切換えられた際の原料供給機10による原料供給量FDの変動も小さく短時間で安定し、またギヤポンプ14のギヤポンプ速度(NGP回転数)の変動も小さく短時間で安定し、しかもギヤポンプ14の入口圧力Pinの変動も前記ギヤポンプ速度(NGP回転数)の変動と全く同様に、小さく短時間で安定して、定常制御運転への復帰も短時間で達成することができるという優れた利点が得られる。
【0024】
因みに、厚さ計から得られる厚さ検出信号に基づく厚さ偏差信号に基づいてギヤポンプの速度をフィードバック制御する従来のMD制御方法によれば、本発明と対応する原料供給量FD、ギヤポンプ速度(NGP回転数)およびギヤポンプ入口圧力Pinの特性は、図3に示すように、それぞれ変動が大きく、安定する時間も長くなる等の欠点が見られる。
【0025】
以上、本発明の好適な実施例について説明したが、本発明は前記実施例に限定されることなく、本発明の精神を逸脱しない範囲内において多くの設計変更を行うことができる。
【0026】
【発明の効果】
前述した実施例から明らかなように、本発明に係るプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法は、原料供給機と2軸押出機とギヤポンプとを備えた押出成形装置を使用すると共に、前記ギヤポンプの下流側に設けたフィルタを介してTダイよりプラスチックシート等を押出し成形するに際し、成形されるプラスチックシート等に対し走査型厚さ計によって得られる計測データに基づいて、前記成形されるプラスチックシート等の送出方向の平均厚さ制御(MD制御)を行うように設定したプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法において、定常制御運転時には走査型厚さ計によって得られる計測データと厚さ設定器の設定値との差を用いて前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力が設定圧力になるように原料供給機および2軸押出機の速度をフィードバック制御し、MD制御運転時には前記厚さ計による検出値の設定値に対する厚み偏差信号に基づいて前記原料供給機の速度をサンプリングPIフィードバック制御に切換えると共に、前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいてギヤポンプの速度をフィードフォワード制御するように構成することにより、ギヤポンプ速度が圧力制御により所定の速度まで補正され、しかも直接ギヤポンプが補正制御されることによって、きわめて安定した速度制御を達成することができる。
【0027】
また、本発明においては、前記方法を実施する装置として、原料供給機と2軸押出機とギヤポンプとを備えた押出成形装置からなり、前記ギヤポンプの下流側に設けたフィルタを介してTダイにより押出し成形されるプラスチックシート等に対し、走査型厚さ計により得られる計測データに基づいて、シート等の送出方向の平均厚さ制御(MD制御)を行うように構成したプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御装置において、前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力を検出する圧力検出器を設けて、この圧力検出器により得られる検出圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいて原料供給機の速度をフィードバック制御する定常制御回路と、前記厚さ計により得られる検出値の設定値に対する厚み偏差信号に基づいて前記原料供給機の速度をサンプリングPIフィードバック制御すると共に、前記圧力検出器により得られる検出圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいてギヤポンプの速度をフィードフォワード制御するMD制御回路と、前記厚さ計により得られる検出値及び前記ギヤポンプの回転数信号が入力され前記定常制御回路からMD制御回路へ切換える切換信号を生成する切換タイミング設定器と、を設けることにより、良品質のシート等を効率的に成形することができる装置を、比較的簡単な構成によって、低コストに製造することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係るプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法を実施する装置の一実施例を示す概略系統説明図である。
【図2】本発明に係るプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法によるMD制御運転に際して得られる原料供給機における原料供給量の変動特性とギヤポンプ速度の変動特性とギヤポンプ入口圧力の変動特性と共に押出成形装置の前記各変動特性検出位置をそれぞれ示す説明図である。
【図3】従来のプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法によるMD制御運転に際して得られる原料供給機における原料供給量の変動特性とギヤポンプ速度の変動特性とギヤポンプ入口圧力の変動特性とをそれぞれ示す特性線図である。
【符号の説明】
10 原料供給機
12 2軸押出機
14 ギヤポンプ
15 フィルタ
16 Tダイ
18 シート成形手段
20 走査型厚さ計
22 駆動用モータ(原料供給機)
24 駆動用モータ(2軸押出機)
26 駆動用モータ(ギヤポンプ)
28 圧力検出器
30 第1の圧力調節計
32 第2の圧力調節計
34 制御操作部
36a、36b 圧力設定器
37a、37b 比較器
38a、38b PIDアンプ
40 MD制御切換タイミング設定器
42a 常閉リレー接点
42b 常開リレー接点
43b 常開リレー接点
44 厚さ設定器
45 比較器
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a thickness gauge is displaced in the width direction of a sheet or the like with respect to a plastic sheet or film (hereinafter, referred to as a plastic sheet or simply a sheet or the like in the present invention) that is extruded by a T-die of an extruder. The present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for controlling the thickness (MD control) of a plastic sheet or the like that adjusts the thickness of the sheet or the like in the feeding direction.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, in an extrusion molding apparatus such as a sheet provided with a raw material feeder, a twin-screw extruder, and a gear pump, the amount of molten resin discharged from the gear pump is kept constant during steady control operation for molding a stable sheet or film. Therefore, the gear pump is held at a set speed. The pressure fluctuation due to the change in the characteristics of the raw material feeder is such that the pressure immediately before the gear pump becomes the set pressure, with respect to the raw material supply amount in the raw material feeder and the extrusion speed of the molten resin in the twin screw extruder, respectively. Feedback control is performed.
[0003]
Further, when the extrusion molding apparatus is operated for a long time, the discharge amount of the molten resin is reduced due to clogging of the filter on the outlet side of the gear pump, and the thickness of the sheet or film is reduced. In that case, MD control operation by controlling the speed of the gear pump based on measurement data obtained by a scanning thickness meter provided on the sheet take-up machine side is performed instead of the steady control operation.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the extrusion molding of the sheet or the like by the conventional extrusion molding apparatus described above, when switching from the feedback control of the raw material feeder and the extruder so that the pressure immediately before the gear pump becomes the set pressure, the MD control is as follows. Trouble occurs. That is, when the gear pump speed is switched to the feedback control, that is, the MD control operation by the gear pump, by the thickness deviation signal based on the thickness detection signal obtained from the thickness meter, the pressure immediately before the gear pump is set as compared with the gear pump control with less delay. The feed-back control of the raw material supply machine that causes the pressure does not catch up with the delay in the resin residence time of the extruder, making it difficult to properly control the operation of the extruder.
[0005]
As a result of extensive research, the present inventor used an extrusion molding apparatus equipped with a raw material feeder, a twin-screw extruder, and a gear pump, and extruded a plastic sheet or the like from a T die via the gear pump. At the time of steady operation, feedback control of the speed of the raw material feeder and the twin-screw extruder is performed so that the inlet pressure of the gear pump becomes a set pressure, and detection by the thickness meter is performed during the MD control operation. By switching the speed of the raw material feeder to sampling PI feedback control based on the thickness deviation signal with respect to the set value of the value, and feedforward control of the speed of the gear pump based on the deviation signal with respect to the set pressure of the inlet pressure of the gear pump It has been found that stable control operation can be achieved.
[0006]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to perform MD control based on a detection signal obtained from a thickness meter for a sheet or the like in an extrusion molding apparatus such as a sheet using a raw material feeder, a twin screw extruder and a gear pump. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for controlling the thickness of a plastic sheet or the like that can achieve a stable driving operation.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a method for controlling the thickness of a plastic sheet or the like according to the present invention uses an extrusion molding apparatus including a raw material feeder, a twin-screw extruder, and a gear pump, and is provided on the downstream side of the gear pump. and upon extruding a plastic sheet from a T-die through the filter, based on the measurement data obtained by scanning the thickness gauge to plastic sheet to be molded, the delivery direction of the plastic sheet to be the forming In the thickness control method for plastic sheets, etc., set to perform average thickness control (MD control), the difference between the measurement data obtained by the scanning thickness meter and the set value of the thickness setter during steady control operation using the velocity of the material supplier and the twin-screw extruder as the inlet pressure of the gear pump is set pressure feedback control, MD system During operation, the speed of the raw material feeder is switched to sampling PI feedback control based on a thickness deviation signal with respect to a set value detected by the thickness meter, and the gear pump is controlled based on a deviation signal of the inlet pressure of the gear pump with respect to the set pressure. It is characterized by feedforward control of speed.
[0008]
In this case, the switching timing from the steady control operation to the MD control operation can be set based on the detection signal from the thickness meter and the speed signal of the gear pump.
[0009]
The apparatus for carrying out the thickness control method comprises an extrusion molding apparatus equipped with a raw material feeder, a twin screw extruder and a gear pump, and is extruded by a T-die through a filter provided on the downstream side of the gear pump. Thickness control of plastic sheets, etc. configured to perform average thickness control (MD control) in the feeding direction of sheets, etc., based on measurement data obtained by a scanning thickness meter for molded plastic sheets, etc. In the apparatus, there is provided a pressure detector for detecting the inlet pressure of the gear pump, and a steady state control circuit that feedback-controls the speed of the raw material feeder based on a deviation signal with respect to a set pressure of the detected pressure obtained by the pressure detector; PI feed that samples the speed of the material feeder based on the thickness deviation signal for the set value of the detection value obtained by the thickness meter Tsu well as click control, and MD control circuit for controlling feed forward speed of the gear pump on the basis of the deviation signal with respect to the set pressure of the detection pressure obtained by the pressure detector, the detected value and the gear pump obtained by the thickness gauge A switching timing setter that receives a rotation speed signal and generates a switching signal for switching from the steady control circuit to the MD control circuit can be provided.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a thickness control method for a plastic sheet or the like according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in relation to a control device that performs this control method.
[0011]
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an extrusion molding apparatus showing an embodiment of a method for controlling the thickness of a plastic sheet or the like according to the present invention. That is, in FIG. 1, the extrusion molding apparatus of this embodiment kneads and melts the raw material supplied from the raw material supply machine 10 with a twin screw extruder 12 and measures a predetermined amount of this molten resin with a gear pump 14. However, after passing through the filter 15, the sheet is extruded from the T die 16 into a sheet or film (hereinafter referred to as a sheet or the like), and then formed into a sheet or the like by the sheet forming means 18 such as a sheet take-up machine. And the thickness etc. of the sheet | seat shape | molded in this way are measured by the scanning-type thickness meter 20 provided in the said sheet | seat shaping | molding means 18. FIG.
[0012]
The raw material feeder 10, the twin screw extruder 12 and the gear pump 14 are provided with driving motors 22, 24 and 26, respectively. The driving motors 22, 24 and 26 are respectively connected to the pressure detector 28 and the first pump. It is configured to be controlled by an operation control device including a control operation unit 34 having a pressure controller 30, a second pressure controller 32, and the like.
[0013]
That is, the pressure detector 28 is provided so as to detect the inlet pressure Pin of the gear pump 14, and the first pressure controller 30 controls the raw material feeder 10 so that the inlet pressure becomes a preset pressure. The speed is feedback-controlled, and the speed of the gear pump 14 is feed-forward controlled by the second pressure regulator 32.
[0014]
For this reason, the first pressure controller 30 and the second pressure controller 32 include pressure setting devices 36a and 36b, pressure setting value signals set by the pressure setting devices 36a and 36b, and the pressure detector, respectively. Comparators 37a and 37b for comparing the pressure detection value signal detected at 28 and obtaining a deviation signal thereof, and the driving motor 22 for the raw material feeder 10 and the driving motor for the gear pump 14 based on the deviation signal. PID amplifiers 38a and 38b for controlling the H.26.
[0015]
Further, a signal line between the PID amplifier 38a of the first pressure controller 30 and the drive motor 22 of the raw material feeder 10, and a drive motor of the PID amplifier 38b and the gear pump 14 of the second pressure controller 32. 26, a normally closed relay contact 42a and a normally open relay respectively operated by the MD control switching timing setter 40 as means for switching from the steady control operation to the MD control operation at a required timing. A contact 42b is provided.
[0016]
Further, the signal line between the PID amplifier 38 a of the first pressure controller 30 and the driving motor 22 is detected by the thickness setting value signal set by the thickness setting device 44 and the thickness meter 20. And a comparator 45 for obtaining a deviation signal by comparing with a detected thickness value signal, and a signal line between the thickness meter 20 and the comparator 45 is steady at a required timing as described above. As a means for switching from the control operation to the MD control operation, a normally open relay contact 43b operated by the MD control switching timing setter 40 is provided.
[0017]
The MD control switching timing setting unit 40 inputs a thickness detection signal from the thickness meter 20 and a speed detection signal of the gear pump 14 so as to set a switching timing to an appropriate MD control operation. Composed.
[0018]
Next, the control operation of the extrusion molding apparatus having the above configuration will be described with reference to the control operation characteristics shown in FIG.
[0019]
1. Steady control operation First, when the extrusion molding apparatus having the above-described configuration is properly started up and is in a steady control operation, the control operation unit 34 uses a control circuit (not shown) to drive the gear pump 14 drive motor. 26 is held at a set speed (NGP rotation speed). The detected pressure value of the inlet pressure Pin of the gear pump 14 detected by the pressure detector 28 is compared with the pressure set value set in the pressure setting device 36a by the normally closed relay contact 42a with respect to the first pressure controller 30. The comparator 37a performs a comparison operation to obtain a deviation signal. Then, based on the obtained pressure deviation signal, the speed (rotation speed) of the driving motor 22 of the raw material supply machine 10 is feedback-controlled through the PID amplifier 38a, and the raw material supply amount FD, which is a long-period fluctuation, is controlled. stationary control circuit Ru configured.
[0020]
2. Switching to MD control operation then, for example, from when the clogged molten resin in the filter 15 includes a speed detection signal of the thickness detection signal due to the thickness gauge 20 gear pump 14, MD control switch timing setting device At 40, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, when the measured sheet thickness is smaller than the set sheet thickness by a predetermined amount, it is determined that switching to MD control is necessary. In this case, the normally closed relay contact 42a opens and the normally open relay contacts 42b and 43b close based on the output signal of the MD control switching timing setter 40.
[0021]
Thereby, the thickness detection value of the sheet or the like detected by the thickness meter 20 is compared with the thickness setting value set in the thickness setting unit 44 by the comparator 45, and a deviation signal thereof is obtained. Based on the obtained thickness deviation signal, the speed (rotation speed) of the driving motor 22 of the material supply machine 10 is subjected to sampling PI feedback control, and the material supply amount FD is controlled. The detected pressure value of the inlet pressure of the gear pump 14 detected by the pressure detector 28 is compared with the pressure set value set in the pressure setter 36b of the second pressure controller 32 by the comparator 37b. A signal is obtained. Based on the obtained pressure deviation signal, the speed (NGP rotation speed) of the drive motor 26 of the gear pump 14 is feedforward controlled via the PID amplifier 38b. In this way, the MD control circuit is configured.
[0022]
3. Returning to steady control operation In this way, as a result of the sampling PI feedback control of the drive motor 22 of the raw material feeder 10, the amount of molten resin extruded changes, whereby the inlet pressure Pin of the gear pump 14 changes. When the speed fluctuates and the speed (rotation speed) of the drive motor 26 of the gear pump 14 reaches a predetermined speed (NGP rotation speed), the MD control operation is stopped and the MD control switching timing setting device 40 is reset. Thus, the normally closed relay contact 42a and the normally open relay contacts 42b and 43b can be returned to their original states to return to the above-described steady control operation (see FIG. 2).
[0023]
With the above control operation, according to the thickness control method of the present invention, as is apparent from the characteristics shown in FIG. 2, the material supply by the material supply machine 10 when the steady control operation is switched to the MD control operation is performed. The fluctuation of the amount FD is small and stable in a short time, the fluctuation of the gear pump speed (NGP rotation speed) of the gear pump 14 is also small and stable in a short time, and the fluctuation of the inlet pressure Pin of the gear pump 14 In the same way as the fluctuation of (), it is possible to obtain an excellent advantage that it is small and stable in a short time, and the return to the steady control operation can be achieved in a short time.
[0024]
Incidentally, according to the conventional MD control method in which the speed of the gear pump is feedback-controlled based on the thickness deviation signal based on the thickness detection signal obtained from the thickness meter, the raw material supply amount FD, the gear pump speed ( As shown in FIG. 3, the characteristics of the NGP rotation speed) and the gear pump inlet pressure Pin each have drawbacks such as large fluctuations and a long stabilization time.
[0025]
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and many design changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above-described embodiments, the method for controlling the thickness of a plastic sheet or the like according to the present invention uses an extrusion molding apparatus provided with a raw material feeder, a twin-screw extruder, and a gear pump, and downstream of the gear pump. upon extruding the plastic sheet from a T-die through a filter provided on the side, on the basis of the measurement data obtained by scanning the thickness meter to a plastic sheet or the like to be molded, the plastic sheet is the forming In a thickness control method for a plastic sheet or the like set to perform average thickness control (MD control) in the delivery direction, measurement data obtained by a scanning thickness meter and a set value of a thickness setter during steady control operation difference feedback controlling the speed of the material supplier and the twin-screw extruder as the inlet pressure of the gear pump is set pressure using the In the MD control operation, the speed of the material supply machine is switched to sampling PI feedback control based on the thickness deviation signal with respect to the set value of the detected value by the thickness meter, and based on the deviation signal of the inlet pressure of the gear pump with respect to the set pressure. By configuring the gear pump speed to be feedforward controlled, the gear pump speed is corrected to a predetermined speed by pressure control, and the gear pump is directly corrected and controlled to achieve extremely stable speed control. it can.
[0027]
In the present invention, the apparatus for carrying out the method comprises an extrusion molding apparatus having a raw material feeder, a twin-screw extruder, and a gear pump, and a T-die through a filter provided on the downstream side of the gear pump. Thickness of plastic sheet, etc. configured to perform average thickness control (MD control) in the feeding direction of the sheet, etc., based on the measurement data obtained by the scanning thickness meter for the extruded plastic sheet, etc. In the control device, a steady state control circuit that includes a pressure detector that detects an inlet pressure of the gear pump, and feedback-controls the speed of the raw material feeder based on a deviation signal of the detected pressure obtained by the pressure detector with respect to a set pressure; , Sampling the speed of the raw material feeder based on the thickness deviation signal with respect to the set value of the detection value obtained by the thickness meter PI As well as fed back control, the rotation of the MD control circuit and the obtained by the thickness gauge detecting value and the gear pump to control feed forward speed of the gear pump on the basis of the deviation signal with respect to the set pressure of the detection pressure obtained by the pressure detector By providing a switching timing setter that receives a number signal and generates a switching signal for switching from the steady control circuit to the MD control circuit, an apparatus that can efficiently form a good quality sheet or the like is relatively With a simple configuration, it can be manufactured at low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic system explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out a method for controlling the thickness of a plastic sheet or the like according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an extrusion molding apparatus together with a fluctuation characteristic of a raw material supply amount, a fluctuation characteristic of a gear pump speed, and a fluctuation characteristic of a gear pump inlet pressure in a raw material feeder obtained by MD control operation by a thickness control method of a plastic sheet or the like according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows each said fluctuation characteristic detection position of each.
FIG. 3 is a characteristic line showing a fluctuation characteristic of a raw material supply amount, a fluctuation characteristic of a gear pump speed, and a fluctuation characteristic of a gear pump inlet pressure in a raw material feeder obtained by MD control operation by a conventional plastic sheet thickness control method. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Raw material supply machine 12 Twin screw extruder 14 Gear pump 15 Filter 16 T die 18 Sheet forming means 20 Scan type thickness gauge 22 Drive motor (raw material supply machine)
24 Drive motor (2-axis extruder)
26 Drive motor (gear pump)
28 Pressure detector 30 1st pressure regulator 32 2nd pressure regulator 34 Control operation part 36a, 36b Pressure setting device 37a, 37b Comparator 38a, 38b PID amplifier 40 MD control switching timing setting device 42a Normally closed relay contact 42b Normally open relay contact 43b Normally open relay contact 44 Thickness setter 45 Comparator

Claims (3)

原料供給機と2軸押出機とギヤポンプとを備えた押出成形装置を使用すると共に、前記ギヤポンプの下流側に設けたフィルタを介してTダイよりプラスチックシート等を押出し成形するに際し、成形されるプラスチックシート等に対し走査型厚さ計によって得られる計測データに基づいて、前記成形されるプラスチックシート等の送出方向の平均厚さ制御(MD制御)を行うように設定したプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法において、
定常制御運転時には走査型厚さ計によって得られる計測データと厚さ設定器の設定値との差を用いて前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力が設定圧力になるように原料供給機および2軸押出機の速度をフィードバック制御し、MD制御運転時には前記厚さ計による検出値の設定値に対する厚み偏差信号に基づいて前記原料供給機の速度をサンプリングPIフィードバック制御に切換えると共に、前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいてギヤポンプの速度をフィードフォワード制御することを特徴とするプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法。
A plastic which is molded when a plastic sheet or the like is extruded from a T-die through a filter provided on the downstream side of the gear pump, while using an extrusion molding apparatus equipped with a raw material feeder, a twin-screw extruder and a gear pump based on the measurement data obtained by scanning the thickness gauge to sheet or the like, the thickness control of the plastic sheet set to perform average thickness control of the delivery direction of the plastic sheet to be molded (MD control) In the method
The speed of the raw material feeder and the twin screw extruder is set so that the inlet pressure of the gear pump becomes the set pressure by using the difference between the measurement data obtained by the scanning thickness meter and the set value of the thickness setter during the steady control operation. In the MD control operation, the speed of the material supply machine is switched to the sampling PI feedback control based on the thickness deviation signal with respect to the set value detected by the thickness meter, and the gear pump inlet pressure is set to the set pressure. A method for controlling the thickness of a plastic sheet or the like, characterized in that the speed of a gear pump is feedforward controlled based on a deviation signal.
厚さ計による検出信号とギヤポンプの速度信号とに基づいて、定常制御運転からMD制御運転への切換えタイミングを設定してなる請求項1記載のプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御方法。  The method for controlling the thickness of a plastic sheet or the like according to claim 1, wherein the switching timing from the steady control operation to the MD control operation is set based on a detection signal from the thickness meter and a speed signal of the gear pump. 原料供給機と2軸押出機とギヤポンプとを備えた押出成形装置からなり、前記ギヤポンプの下流側に設けたフィルタを介してTダイにより押出し成形されるプラスチックシート等に対し、走査型厚さ計により得られる計測データに基づいて、シート等の送出方向の平均厚さ制御(MD制御)を行うように構成したプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御装置において、
前記ギヤポンプの入口圧力を検出する圧力検出器を設けて、この圧力検出器により得られる検出圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいて原料供給機の速度をフィードバック制御する定常制御回路と、
前記厚さ計により得られる検出値の設定値に対する厚み偏差信号に基づいて前記原料供給機の速度をサンプリングPIフィードバック制御すると共に、前記圧力検出器により得られる検出圧力の設定圧力に対する偏差信号に基づいてギヤポンプの速度をフィードフォワード制御するMD制御回路と、
前記厚さ計により得られる検出値及び前記ギヤポンプの回転数信号が入力され前記定常制御回路からMD制御回路へ切換える切換信号を生成する切換タイミング設定器と、
を設けることを特徴とするプラスチックシート等の厚さ制御装置。
A scanning type thickness gauge for plastic sheets, etc., which is formed by an extrusion molding device equipped with a raw material feeder, a twin-screw extruder and a gear pump, and is extruded by a T-die through a filter provided on the downstream side of the gear pump. In the thickness control device for plastic sheets and the like configured to perform the average thickness control (MD control) in the delivery direction of the sheets based on the measurement data obtained by
A steady state control circuit that provides a pressure detector for detecting the inlet pressure of the gear pump, and feedback-controls the speed of the raw material feeder based on a deviation signal of the detected pressure obtained by the pressure detector with respect to a set pressure;
The speed of the raw material feeder is controlled by sampling PI feedback control based on a thickness deviation signal with respect to a set value of a detected value obtained by the thickness meter, and based on a deviation signal of the detected pressure obtained by the pressure detector with respect to the set pressure. MD control circuit for feedforward control of the speed of the gear pump,
A switching timing setter for receiving a detection value obtained by the thickness meter and a rotation speed signal of the gear pump and generating a switching signal for switching from the steady control circuit to the MD control circuit;
A thickness control device for a plastic sheet or the like, characterized by comprising:
JP30757698A 1998-10-28 1998-10-28 Method and apparatus for controlling thickness of plastic sheet, etc. Expired - Lifetime JP3752086B2 (en)

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