JP3752522B2 - Waste plastic sorter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste plastic sorter that sorts waste plastic products and other waste materials into heavy and lightweight materials using wind power.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, when plastic products such as films made of polyethylene, trays made of polystyrene, and plastic products such as packs and bottles are discarded, lightweight items such as films and heavy items such as foam trays, packs and bottles As a method for separating heavy and light materials from a mixed mixture, a specific gravity separation method (wet method) in which a mixture is placed in a liquid and selected using a difference in specific gravity between the liquid and the mixture; In general, a wind power sorting method (dry method) is used in which a plastic product is blown using wind force and sorted using a difference in the flight distance.
[0003]
The former sorter is disclosed, for example, in JP-A-6-1778938. As shown in FIG. 9, this sorter supplies the mixture 1 made into flakes together with the liquid 2 to the screw conveyor 3 and centrifuges by specific gravity. The latter sorter is disclosed, for example, in JP-A-8-47672. As shown in FIG. 10, this sorter blows off air as a jet from the nozzle 11 and sucks and raises air from the suction port 12 into the weight chute 13, thereby stripping off the light weight from the heavy weight and removing the light weight. An object is transported from the heavy load chamber 14 to the light load chamber 15.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described sorter employing the specific gravity separation requires a liquid whose specific gravity is adjusted and the treatment of this liquid, and thus has a problem of requiring large-scale equipment and high costs.
[0005]
In addition, the sorter that employs the latter wind separation described above has simpler equipment than the sorter that employs the wet method, but can separate and sort foam trays and films with similar specific gravity. There is a problem that it is difficult.
This invention makes it a subject to provide the waste plastics sorter which can isolate | separate and sort the thing which specific gravity approximates with simple equipment reliably.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The waste plastic sorter according to claim 1 is a tunnel-type machine body having an insertion port for feeding a material to be sorted, and is built in the longitudinal direction of the inside of the machine body so as to intersect the material conveyance direction on the belt conveyance surface. a plurality of a belt conveyor provided at intervals along the object to be sorted conveying direction bars, be sorted conveyance direction downstream side of the machine body end of the belt conveyor to the inlet standing upright extends in a direction And a wind generating means for sending wind to the inside of the machine body toward the upstream side of the belt conveyor in the conveying direction of the object to be sorted. It is characterized by having a discharge port for discharging the sorted objects at the machine body end on the downstream side of the sorted object transport direction and the machine body end on the upstream side of the sorted object transport direction.
[0007]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the waste plastic sorting machine according to the first aspect, the wind generating means includes a blow-out port for blowing out the wind, and a wind direction adjusting damper for adjusting a direction of the blown-out air at the blow-out port. Is provided.
[0008]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the waste plastic sorting machine according to the first aspect, a wind direction adjusting damper for adjusting a direction of a wind flowing through the inside of the machine body is provided at an inlet of the machine body. To do.
[0009]
The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the waste plastic sorting machine according to claim 1, it is possible before Symbol wind generator height of installation side of the machine body end adjustment.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the waste plastic sorting machine according to the first aspect of the present invention , holes of the same height are formed in one row or a plurality of rows in the belt rail.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
1 is a front view showing a waste plastic sorter according to this embodiment, FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view, FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along line ZZ in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 1.
[0011]
FIG. 21 is a tunnel-type machine body, 22 is a belt conveyor installed in the machine body 21 along the length direction, and 23 is a blower as an example of wind generating means provided at one end of the machine body 21. , 24 is a first wind direction adjusting damper, and 25 is a second wind direction adjusting damper.
[0012]
The airframe 21 has a pair of side plates 32 of a predetermined length arranged along the base length direction on both side edges of a base 31 (see FIG. 4) having a belt shape of a predetermined length, and is attached by bolts 34. An upper plate 33 having a predetermined length is disposed between the upper ends of the side plates 32 along the base length direction and attached to form a tunnel shape having a square cross section. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), a loading port 35 for loading a material to be sorted is formed in an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the upper plate 33 in the machine body 21, and a hopper 36 is attached to the loading port 35. ing. A first discharge port 38 is formed on the lower surface of one end of the machine body 21 in front of one end of the base 31, and a second discharge port 39 is formed on the other end surface of the machine body 21. Is formed.
[0013]
The body 21 is provided with legs 40 respectively at one end in the length direction, the other end, and a plurality of places spaced in the length direction between the both ends. The leg body 40 includes a screw rod 41 placed upright on the installation surface, a pipe 42 assembled upright with the screw rod 41, and a support body 43 pivotally attached to the pipe 42 and attached to the base 31. ing. The pipe 42 has a nut (not shown) that is screwed with the screw rod 41 inside, and the pipe 42 can move in the vertical direction by the rotation of the screw rod 41. Therefore, the height of the entire leg body 40 can be adjusted by the screw rod 41, and the height of the base 31, that is, the body 21 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the leg body 40. In FIG. 1, the height of the airframe 21 is adjusted horizontally.
[0014]
The belt conveyor 22 is supported by the base 31 and is provided in the machine body 21. One end of the base 31 is in contact with the first discharge port 38 in the body 21, and the other end protrudes outward from the second discharge port 39 in the body 31. Pulleys 51 and 52 are respectively provided at both ends of the base 31, and an endless belt 53 disposed along the longitudinal direction of the base 31 (airframe 21) is provided over the entire length of the base 31. It is wrapped around. One pulley 51 is connected to the output shaft of the electric motor 54 via a belt 55. That is, the pulley 51 is rotated by the rotation of the electric motor 54, and the upper portion (conveying surface) of the endless belt 53 rotates between the pulley 51 and the pulley 52 in the direction A in the figure.
[0015]
In addition, a plurality of crosspieces 56 that are orthogonal to (intersect) the belt sorting object conveyance direction (belt length direction) and stand up from the conveyance surface are spaced in the belt sorting object conveyance direction on the conveyance surface of the endless belt 53. The crosspieces 56 are attached to the endless belt 53 by means such as screwing. Each crosspiece 56 is formed using a simple plate material having no holes. The height of each crosspiece 56 may be constant or different.
[0016]
The blower 23 is provided at an upper portion of one end surface portion of the machine body 21, and includes a casing 61 connected to the machine body 21, an electric motor 62 provided inside the casing 61, and a rotary blade 63 rotated by the electric motor 62. is doing. In the casing 61, a portion connected to the airframe 21 is a wind outlet 64, and a portion on the opposite side to the outlet 64 is an air intake 65. The outlet 64 is located above the first outlet 38 of the machine body 21. That is, the blower 23 takes in air from the outside by the rotation of the rotary blade 63 and sends the wind from one end of the machine body 21 to the inside of the machine body 21 in the direction B in the figure. Note that the outlet 64 of the casing 61 is located above the first outlet 38.
[0017]
The first wind direction adjusting damper 24 is provided in the airframe 21 so as to be located below the air outlet 64 of the casing 61 in the blower 23 (above the first discharge port 38 of the airframe 21). That is, the first wind direction adjusting damper 24 is disposed so as to rotate between the horizontal position and the vertical position by the shaft 71 supported by the pair of side plates 32, and is blown out from the outlet 64 at the rotation angle. The direction of the wind is adjusted. When the wind direction adjusting damper 24 is in the horizontal position, the wind is adjusted in a direction parallel to the belt conveyor 22, and when the wind direction adjusting damper 24 is in the vertical position, the wind is directed downward with respect to the belt conveyor 22. Adjusted.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 3, an arm 72 is attached to one end portion of the shaft 71 protruding outside the side plate 32, and the arm 72 is moved from the outside of the machine body 21 to rotate the wind direction adjusting damper 24 via the shaft 71. It can be done. In the plate 73 attached to the outer surface of the side plate 32, a plurality of holes 74 corresponding to the rotation angle of the damper 24 are formed side by side on a circular locus centering on the shaft 71. A bolt 75 to be inserted into the hole 74 of the plate 73 is screwed to the arm 72, and the arm 72, that is, the wind direction adjusting damper 24 is required by operating the bolt 75 to be inserted into the hole 74 and removing it. The rotation position to be selected can be selected and stopped.
[0019]
The second wind direction adjusting damper 25 is provided in the machine body 21 at a lower end of the blower (on the upstream side in the sorting object conveyance direction) below the inlet 35 of the machine body 21. That is, the second wind direction adjusting damper 25 is disposed so as to rotate between the horizontal position and the vertical position by the shaft 76 supported by the pair of side plates 32, and the direction of the wind with respect to the inlet 35 at the rotation angle. Is to adjust. When the wind direction adjusting damper 25 is in a horizontal position, the wind is adjusted in a direction parallel to the belt conveyor 22 (a direction perpendicular to the axis of the inlet 35), and the wind direction adjusting damper 24 is in a vertical position. The wind is adjusted in a downward direction with respect to the belt conveyor 22 (a downward direction with respect to the axis of the charging port 35). The second wind direction adjusting damper 25 is rotated from the outside of the airframe 21 to select and stop the necessary rotation position, and the description is omitted because it is the same as the first wind direction adjusting damper 24. To do.
[0020]
Thus, this waste plastic sorter has a simple configuration. Next, the operation of sorting plastic products discarded by this waste plastic sorter will be described.
[0021]
The endless belt 53 of the belt conveyor 22 is rotated in the direction A in the figure by the electric motor 54. Each crosspiece 56 provided on the endless belt 53 also moves in the same direction A as the endless belt 53. The A direction is a direction in which the endless belt 53 of the belt conveyor 22 conveys articles. That is, the belt conveyor 22 conveys an object from the second discharge port 39 of the machine body 21 toward the first discharge port 38. Further, the blower 23 rotates the rotary blade 63 to blow the wind from the outlet 64 of the case 61 toward the inside of the machine body 21 in the direction B shown in the figure. That is, the blower 23 sends air from the downstream end of the machine body 21 in the direction of conveying the conveyor belt to the upstream end. That is, the blower 23 sends wind in the direction opposite to the direction of the object to be sorted of the belt conveyor 23.
[0022]
Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first wind direction adjusting damper 24 sets the position at an inclined position slightly closer to the horizontal position than the center between the horizontal position and the vertical position. As a result, the first wind direction adjusting damper 24 guides the wind blown from the blowout port 64 toward one end of the belt conveyor 23. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the second wind direction adjusting damper 25 is set at an inclined position slightly closer to the horizontal position than the center between the horizontal position and the vertical position. As a result, the second wind direction adjusting damper 25 guides the wind flowing inside the machine body 21 at an angle toward the upstream side of the object to be sorted in the belt conveyor 23 rather than at a right angle to the axis of the inlet 35.
[0023]
Then, by an appropriate method, a film containing polyethylene or the like (handbags, garbage bags, strings, food wraps, etc.), a foam tray made of polystyrene, or a mixture of plastic products such as packs and bottles is inserted 35 To the inside of the fuselage 21 along the direction C. In this case, the mixed plastic product does not receive the wind from the direction perpendicular to the axis of the inlet 35 by the second wind direction adjusting damper 25, and the films included in the mixed material are thrown in. It never rises to the mouth 35 and returns.
[0024]
Flat shaped packs, cups, trays and heavy bottles contained in the mixture fall from inside the machine body 21 through the insertion port 35 and are placed on the conveying surface of the endless belt 53 of the belt conveyor 23. Since these objects are placed on the portions sandwiched between the crosspieces 56 that are provided on the conveyance surface of the endless belt 53 at intervals in the conveyance direction of the object to be classified, And is conveyed in the A direction along with the rotation of the endless belt 53 and is conveyed to one end of the machine body 21 and outwardly from the first discharge port 38 provided in the machine body 21 in the D direction. It falls and is discharged.
[0025]
When a lightweight film is mixed with the above-mentioned object and placed on the endless belt 53, it is blown up by the wind guided by the first wind direction adjusting damper 24 and rides on the wind toward the other end of the airframe 21. It is transported.
[0026]
In addition, the films included in the mixture introduced from the inlet 35 have a low density, a shape that is not constant, and are easily affected by wind. For this reason, the films are transported in the direction B in which the wind is blown in the direction opposite to the sorting object transport direction A of the belt conveyor 22 by the wind, and finally transported to the other end of the machine body 21 to the machine body 21. From the provided second discharge port 39, it falls outward in the E direction and is discharged.
[0027]
In this way, the foam tray and the film whose specific gravity is close to each other in the film product can be completely separated and selected by the wind force.
Various plastic container garbage from home is simulated, and bottles and trays (beverage bottles, packs, cups, trays) and films (handbags, garbage bags, strings, food wraps, etc.) are screened for a total length of 4 m. As a result, a bottle and tray recovery rate of 99.9% and a film recovery rate of 88.1% were obtained at an outlet wind speed of V2.5 m / S.
[0028]
The first wind direction adjusting damper 24 guides the wind blown from the outlet 64 of the casing 61 in the horizontal position in parallel to the belt conveyor 22 to reduce the degree of heading toward the belt conveyor 22, and the wind direction adjusting damper 24 in the vertical position. Is guided toward the first outlet 28. In other words, the first wind direction adjusting damper 24 adjusts so as to obtain an appropriate wind direction when selecting according to the type of objects placed on the belt conveyor 22. The second wind direction adjusting damper 25 guides the wind flowing in the airframe 21 in a horizontal position in parallel to the belt conveyor 22, and in the vertical position, a part of the wind is below the inlet 35 and the axis of the inlet 35. The flow in the direction perpendicular to the direction is prevented. In other words, the second wind direction adjusting damper 25 adjusts so as to obtain an appropriate wind direction when selecting according to the type of the object thrown in from the inlet 35.
[0029]
The crosspieces 56 provided on the belt conveyor 22 may be simple plates. However, when it is desired to apply a wind force to the objects between the crosspieces 56, it is preferable to have a structure with holes as described later. The crosspiece 56A shown in FIG. 5 is formed by arranging a plurality of holes 57 in a line along the crosspiece length direction (belt width direction). The crosspiece 56B shown in FIG. 6 is formed by forming two rows in the height direction in which a plurality of holes 57 are arranged along the crosspiece length direction (belt width direction). The crosspiece 56C shown in FIG. 7 is formed by arranging a plurality of holes 57 in a row along the crosspiece length direction (belt width direction).
[0030]
As described above, the films are blown away to the upstream side of the belt conveyor 22 in the conveyance direction of the object to be sorted and discharged and collected from the second discharge port 39 by the wind force. There is something that adheres. If holes 57 are formed in the crosspieces 56 (56A to 56C) to allow the wind to pass through, the films attached to the conveying surface of the belt 53 are blown away by the wind. The number of holes 57 arranged in the height direction in the crosspiece 56 is appropriately selected according to conditions such as wind force, types and amounts of films.
[0031]
In FIG. 1, when the recovery rate from the first outlet 38 is low, it is effective to weaken the wind force sent by the blower 23, and conversely, when the recovery rate at the second outlet 39 is low. It is possible to strengthen the wind power. When it is difficult to increase the wind force from the viewpoint of the capacity of the blower 23, the one end portion of the airframe 21 is raised and the other end portion (downstream side in the wind blowing direction) is lowered to lower the airframe 21. It is possible to incline. By tilting the airframe 21 in this way, the object to be sorted inside the airframe 21 can obtain the same effect as the force of the wind toward the second discharge port 39 due to the influence of gravity and the strength of the wind being increased. it can.
[0032]
In order to incline the fuselage 21 with the configuration shown in FIG. 1 as described above, the height of the leg 40 that supports the fuselage 21 is adjusted. The screw rod 41 of the leg body 40 is rotated to move the pipe 42 in the vertical direction to adjust the height position of the base 31 of the machine body 21. That is, the height of the leg 40 that supports one end of the body 21 is increased, and the height of each leg 40 is sequentially decreased toward the other end of the body 21.
[0033]
FIG. 8 shows a configuration in which the airframe 21 is inclined so that one end is high and the other end is low. Here, for example, the airframe 21 is supported by a leg 40 </ b> A having a screw rod 41, a pipe 42, and a bracket 43 having the same configuration as that of the leg 40 except for the other end. Note that the leg body 58 that supports the other end of the machine body 21 is composed of only the pipe 42 and the bracket 43. Then, the height of the leg body 40A supporting one end of the body 21 is increased, and the height of the leg body 40 is sequentially decreased with each leg 40 directed toward the other end of the body 21 sequentially.
[0034]
In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, It can implement by changing variously. In the above-described embodiment, plastic products to be discarded are selected. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a product containing separable items can also be selected.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the waste plastics sorter which can sort | sort the to-be-sorted object which was difficult to sort like a foaming tray and a plastic film with the conventional wind sorter can be provided with a simple structure.
[0036]
In addition, since the wind direction adjusting damper is provided at the outlet of the wind generating means, the wind of the wind generating means can be adjusted to a wind direction suitable for sorting the objects to be sorted. Since the wind direction adjusting damper is provided at the inlet of the machine body, the wind flowing inside the machine body can be adjusted to an appropriate wind direction according to the state of the object to be sorted introduced from the inlet.
[0037]
Furthermore, when the wind intensity by the wind generating means is limited, the collection efficiency of the objects to be sorted can be increased by tilting the airframe. By forming a hole in a bar provided on the belt of the belt conveyor, it is possible to increase the collection efficiency of the sorting object using wind.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a waste plastic sorter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a waste plastic sorter in the same embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a wind direction adjusting damper in the waste plastic sorting machine according to the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a view showing an airframe in the waste plastic sorter of the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a crosspiece in the waste plastic sorter according to the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a crosspiece in the waste plastic sorter according to the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a crosspiece in the waste plastic sorter according to the embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a waste plastic sorter according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a waste plastic sorter according to a conventional form.
FIG. 10 is a view showing another type of waste plastic sorter according to the prior art.
[Explanation of symbols]
21 ... Aircraft,
22 ... belt conveyor,
23 ... Blower,
24. First wind direction adjusting damper,
25. Second wind direction adjusting damper,
35 ... Inlet,
38 ... the first outlet,
39 ... second outlet,
40 ... Legs,
53 ... Belt,
56 ...
57 ... hole,
64 ... The outlet.

Claims (5)

A tunnel-type machine body having an insertion port for feeding a material to be sorted, and a plurality of erected frames extending along the longitudinal direction inside the machine body and extending in a direction crossing the material-carrying direction in the belt conveyance surface. A belt conveyor provided at intervals along the direction in which the objects to be sorted are provided, and the belt conveyor to be sorted at the end of the machine body downstream of the belt conveyor in the direction of the objects to be sorted with respect to the input port. Wind generating means for sending air into the machine body toward the upstream side in the object conveyance direction, and the tunnel-type machine body has an end of the machine body downstream of the belt conveyor in the object conveyance direction with respect to the input port. parts and waste plastic sorter, characterized in that, each of which has a discharge port for discharging the objects to be sorted matter sorted fuselage end of the sorted conveyance direction upstream side.   2. The waste plastic sorter according to claim 1, wherein the wind generating means includes a blow-out opening for blowing wind, and the blow-out opening is provided with a wind direction adjusting damper for adjusting a direction of the blown-out wind. .   2. The waste plastic sorter according to claim 1, wherein a wind direction adjusting damper for adjusting a direction of a wind flowing through the inside of the machine body is provided at an inlet of the machine body. Waste plastic sorting machine according to claim 1, wherein the height of the fuselage end portion of the front Symbol wind generator installation side is adjustable. 2. The waste plastic sorter according to claim 1, wherein holes of the same height are formed in one row or a plurality of rows in the belt rail.

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