JP3753852B2 - Wind sorting equipment for broken bag waste - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wind sorting apparatus for broken bag waste that can be used for sorting and collecting broken bag waste and recycling, in particular, combustible materials in broken bag waste (metal, iron, aluminum, copper, etc.). Further, the present invention relates to a wind sorting device for bag-breaking waste for removing non-metal components (sand, glass, etc.).
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, as represented by recycling centers and the like, sorting and collection / recycling of waste has attracted attention, and combustible fuel (RDF) in waste has been screamed. By the way, as a processing process in a recycling center, etc., there is a process of crushing / sorting broken bag waste. In this crushing / sorting process, the broken bag waste is crushed using a crushing machine such as a crusher. Yes.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described crushing / sorting method for bag-breaking waste still has the following problems to be solved.
That is, in the above bag-breaking waste, there are large foreign metal components (iron, aluminum, copper, etc.) and non-metal components (ceramics, glass, etc.). When put in the crusher, the blades of the crusher are worn in a short period of time, resulting in a problem that the sorting function on the downstream side of the line is lowered and the purity of the sorted product is lowered.
[0004]
JP-A-8-309286 discloses a wind power sorting apparatus for waste that sorts heavy, medium and light weights by wind sorting.
[0005]
As shown in FIG. 6, the wind sorting apparatus D includes a nozzle header 81 having a plurality of air ejection nozzles 80 arranged in a line at equal intervals, below the terminal end portion of the input conveyor 83 for the garbage 82. It is characterized in that 80 is disposed obliquely upward. In FIG. 6, 84 is a compressor, 85 is a buffer tank, 86 is a heavy material chute, 87 is a medium heavy material chute, 88 is a light material chute, and 89 is a vibration sieve.
[0006]
However, in this wind power sorter D, the falling speed of the garbage 82 thrown downward from the terminal end of the throwing conveyor 83 is composed of a horizontal component and a vertical component, but since the vertical component is large, Even when a considerable amount of compressed air is blown onto the garbage 82, there are cases where the medium-weight or lightweight article in the garbage 82 cannot be effectively blown off from the heavy article.
[0007]
This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and it aims at providing the wind sorting apparatus of the bag breakage waste which can sort | select a lightweight thing from a heavy article reliably by wind sorting .
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0009]
The wind power sorting apparatus for broken bag waste according to claim 1 is provided with an inclined plate that receives the broken bag waste falling from the terminal portion of the broken bag waste conveying conveyor on an inclined surface, and is disposed below the inclined plate. an air nozzle headers capable blowing compressed air toward the breakage waste drop onto the inclined surface, was blown from the breakage waste by the compressed air is臨設the upper end of the inclined plate weight A lightweight object chute for storing an object, and a heavy object chute for accommodating a heavy object in the waste bag waste disposed on the lower end of the inclined plate,
The inclination angle θ of the inclined surface of the inclined plate is set to 5 ° to 30 °, and a vibration motor is attached to the bottom surface of the inclined plate .
[0010]
Wind sorting apparatus according to claim 2 breakage waste in that in the wind sorting apparatus of claim 1 breakage waste described allows blowing compressed air toward the breakage waste drop onto the inclined surface As for the air ejection direction of the air nozzle header, the angle θ ₂ from the inclined surface of the inclined plate is 0 ° to 45 °, and the air ejection speed from the air nozzle header is 50 to 150 m / sec.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
[0012]
First, with reference to FIGS. 1-3, the whole structure of the wind sorting apparatus A of the bag-breaking waste which concerns on one embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
As shown in the drawing, the falling bag waste 10 is disposed below the end portion 12 of the bag breaking waste transfer conveyor 11 which is an example of the bag breaking waste transfer means for transferring the bag breaking waste 10. An inclined plate 14 is disposed on the top. Here, the broken bag waste 10 includes a lightweight material 17 made of crushed combustibles such as plastic products, and a weight made of metal (iron, aluminum, copper, etc.) and non-metal (sand, glass, etc.). Object 19 is included.
[0013]
Below the inclined plate 14 (lower end side), an air nozzle made of a long tube capable of spraying compressed air upward from below the inclined surface 13 toward the bag-breaking waste 10 falling on the inclined surface 13. A header 15 is disposed, and a number of air ejection nozzles 16 are attached to the air nozzle header 15 at equal intervals in the axial direction. Then, compressed air ejection direction of each air ejection nozzle 16 is directed toward the bag breakage waste 10 that has dropped onto the inclined surface 13. A blower 21 is connected to the air nozzle header 15 in communication.
[0014]
At the upper end of the inclined plate 14, a light material chute 18 for receiving the light material 17 selected from the bag-breaking waste 10 is erected, and the light material 17 is passed through the light material chute 18 to the crusher in the next crushing step. Can be transferred to.
On the other hand, a heavy material chute 20 for receiving the heavy material 19 selected from the broken bag waste 10 is provided at the lower end of the inclined plate 14.
[0015]
Next, a wind power sorting method for the bag breaking waste 10 using the wind rubbing waste wind sorting apparatus A having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the bag-breaking waste conveyance conveyor 11 is driven, and the bag-breaking waste 10 in which the heavy object 19 and the lightweight object 17 are mixed is directed from the terminal portion 12 toward the inclined surface 13 of the inclined plate 14. Drop it. The bag-breaking waste 10 that has collided with the inclined surface 13 is in a stalled state by eliminating the vertical component of the falling speed due to the collision. In addition, when the heavy object 19 and the light object 17 fall at the same time, the heavy object 19 and the light object 17 are scattered by the collision and are selected to some extent.
[0016]
Next, the blower 21 is driven to generate compressed air, and the blower 21 is supplied to the air nozzle header 15. The compressed air is ejected from each air ejection nozzle 16 toward the bag-breaking waste 10 in a stalled state. As a result, the lightweight object 17 in the bag-breaking waste 10 is surely blown upward and sent into the lightweight object chute 18.
On the other hand, the heavy object 19 in the bag breaking waste 10 falls downward along the inclined surface 13 of the inclined plate 14 and is sent into the heavy object chute 20.
[0017]
As described above, in the present embodiment, since the bag breaking waste 10 is once stalled by the inclined plate 14 and blown off by the air nozzle header 15, only the light weight 17 is reliably selected from the bag breaking waste 10. Then, it can be fed into the lightweight material chute 18 and crushed by a crushing machine. Therefore, the sorting efficiency of the lightweight object 17 can be increased, and the heavy object 19 is not mixed in the lightweight object 17, so that the durability of the crushing machine can be improved.
[0018]
In wind screening method of breakage waste mentioned above, the inclination angle θ of the inclined surface 13 of the inclined plate 14, and 5 to 30 °. If the inclination angle θ is smaller than 5 °, the drop angle becomes worse due to the shape of the heavy object 19, and the heavy object 19 may move toward the light object 17 and fall into the light object chute 18. . On the other hand, when the inclination angle θ is larger than 30 °, the amount of air for pushing the lightweight object 17 upward increases, and the lightweight object 17 may be mixed in the discharged heavy object 19. It is.
[0019]
【Example】
Next, FIG.2 and FIG.3 shows the case where the wind sorting apparatus for broken bag waste according to the present invention is applied to an actual waste treatment plant B. FIG.
First, the overall configuration of the waste treatment plant B will be described with reference to FIG.
[0020]
The crushed waste 21a is put into the bag breaker 22 and broken. The broken bag waste 22a taken out by broken bag is transferred to the magnetic separator 23 and the iron content 24 is removed. The bag-breaking waste 22a after iron removal is transferred to the first sorter 25, which is a coarse sorter, and is wind-selected into a heavy object 26 and a lighter object 27. The lightweight object 27 is transferred to the crusher 28 and crushed finely. The crushed lightweight material 27 is sent to the second sorter 28a and sorted into a sand 29, a heavy material 30, and a light material 31. Then, the recovered combustible matter 32 is taken out from the lightweight material 31, and a solid fuel (RDF) 34 and a plastic liquefied raw material 35 are produced via a volume reducer 33.
[0021]
In the waste treatment plant B described above, the wind-breaking waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention can be effectively applied to the first sorter 25 and the second sorter 28a.
Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 3, a case where the wind sorting apparatus for bag breaking waste according to the present invention is applied to the first sorter 25 will be described.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 3, an end portion 38 of the bag-breaking waste conveying conveyor 37 is supported on the upper part of the box-type machine frame 36 provided on the upper part of the first sorter 25. Note that one end of an endless transport belt 40 is wound around the drive drum 39 disposed at the terminal end 38. A drive pulley 41 is coaxially connected to the drive drum 39, and the drive pulley 41 is connected to an output pulley 43 fixed to the output shaft of the rotary motor 42 mounted on the upper surface of the box-type machine frame 36, and an endless V belt. 44 are linked together.
[0023]
In addition, an inclined plate 46 having an inclined surface 45 is disposed at a position below the box-type machine frame 36 and immediately below the end portion 38 of the bag-breaking waste conveying conveyor 37. Is supported on a bottom support beam 49 of the box-type machine frame 36 by a plurality of elastic members 47 and 48 made of springs or the like. A vibration motor 51, which is an example of a discharge mechanism, is attached to the bottom surface of the inclined plate 46 via a bracket 50. Then, by driving the vibration motor 51, a downward moving force can be applied to a heavy item among the bag-breaking waste dropped on the inclined surface 45 of the inclined plate 46 as will be described later. .
[0024]
A heavy material chute 52 having an open upper end is disposed below the box-shaped machine frame 36 and immediately below the lower end of the inclined plate 46. On the other hand, a lightweight object chute 53 is disposed immediately below the upper end of the inclined plate 46.
Above the lower end of the inclined plate 46, an air nozzle header 55 having a large number of air jet nozzles 54 is disposed in the axial direction, and the jet direction of the air jet nozzle 54 is substantially at the center of the inclined plate 46. Oriented towards falling bag-breaking waste.
[0025]
In the configuration described above, the bag-breaking waste dropped from the end portion 38 by driving the bag-breaking waste conveying conveyor 37 falls on the inclined plate 46 that is vibrated by the vibration motor 51 and stalls. By blowing the compressed air from the air nozzle header 55 toward the stalled bag-breaking waste, only the light weight in the bag-breaking waste is blown off and sent into the light-weight chute 53. On the other hand, the heavy load obtained by removing the light weight from the bag-breaking waste is obtained by the cooperation of the inclined surface 45 provided on the inclined plate 46 and the downward moving force applied to the heavy load by the vibration motor 51. It will fall into the chute 52 reliably and promptly.
[0026]
In order to examine the wind sorting effect of the wind-breaking waste sorting method according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, a wind-breaking device A1 for bag-breaking waste having a simple configuration is created and a wind sorting experiment is performed. It was.
[0027]
First, the dimensional relationship of the wind power sorting apparatus A1 will be described. Regarding the inclined plate 56, the total length L1 = 790 mm, the horizontal length L2 = 745 mm, and the inclination angle θ ₁ = 20 °. For the feeder 57, the terminal end 58, which is the starting point of the raw material fall, is made higher by H1 (= 345 mm) than the lower end of the inclined plate 56. The air nozzle header 59 is disposed at a position higher than the lower end portion of the inclined plate 56 by a height H2 (= 155 mm) and retracted from the end portion 58 of the feeder 57 by a length L3 (= 227 mm). . In addition, the air ejection direction of the air nozzle header 59 was set such that the angle θ ₂ from the inclined surface was 0 ° to 45 °. When the angle θ ₂ is higher than 0 °, the sorting effect is deteriorated in the same manner as when the inclined plate 56 is not provided. When the angle θ ₂ is larger than 45 °, the air hits the inclined plate 56 and rebounds, so This is because the moving force of the lightweight object is blocked.
[0028]
Then, the bag breaking waste 60 is dropped from the end portion 58 of the feeder 57 and dropped onto the inclined plate 56. At the same time, the air flow is reduced to 80 m ³ /hr(1.3 m ³ / min) and the wind speed was 50 to 150 m / sec. As a result, it has been found that a lightweight object 61 such as a plastic product can be more effectively selected than a heavy object 62 made of a metal or non-metal.
Further, even when the wind speed is 50 to 150 m / sec, it has been found that the sufficiently light weight 61 can be blown off, so that a sufficient wind sorting effect can be obtained even if an inexpensive blower is used without using an expensive compressor.
[0029]
As a comparative example, as shown in FIG. 5, a wind sorting device C for bag-breaking waste having a conventional structure was prepared, and wind sorting experiments were also conducted on this device.
[0030]
First, the configuration and dimensional relationship of the wind power sorting device C will be described. An inclined wall 64 is provided in front of the terminal end 63 of the feeder 62a, and a heavy space chute 66 and a light weight are separated by a partition plate 65 whose lower space is inclined. It is partitioned into a material chute 67. An air nozzle header 68 is disposed at a lower position slightly retracted from the end portion 63 of the feeder 62a. On the other hand, the length L4 of the partition plate 65 is 260 mm, the effective widths W1 and W2 of the heavy material chute 66 and the light material chute 67 are 300 mm and 550 mm, respectively, and the heavy material chute 66 and the light material chute from the terminal portion 63 of the feeder 62a. The effective width W1 of W67, the height H3 to the point where the partition plate 65 intersects with H3 is 300 mm, the length L5 from the terminal end 63 of the feeder 62a to the air nozzle header 68 is 50 mm, and the air nozzle header from the lower surface of the feeder 62a The height H4 up to 68 was 190 mm.
[0031]
Then, the bag breaking waste 69 was dropped from the end portion 63 of the feeder 62a, and the blown air was blown into the bag breaking waste 69 that was falling at an air volume of 132 m ³ / hr (2.2 m ³ / min). . As a result, it was found that the sorting of the light weight material 70, which is a bag-breaking waste such as a plastic product, from the heavy material 71 made of metal or non-metal is very bad. This is because the velocity vector in the dropping direction of the bag-breaking waste 69 is large, and thus it is considered that the blown air cannot effectively blow off the lightweight object 70 in the bag-breaking waste 69 falling from a high position. It is done.
[0032]
As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiment, and is described in the claims. Other embodiments and modifications conceivable within the scope of the above are also included.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
In the wind power sorting apparatus for broken bag waste according to claim 1 and 2 , since the blown bag waste is once stalled by the inclined surface, the compressed air is blown onto the broken bag waste. Only lightweight objects can be reliably sorted and then crushed by, for example, a crushing machine. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the sorting efficiency of the lightweight object and to improve the durability of the crushing machine because the heavy object is not mixed in the lightweight object. Moreover, since the wind speed of the compressed air may be small, an expensive compressor is unnecessary, and an inexpensive blower may be used, and a wind-breaking device for bag-breaking waste used in a wind-sorting method for bag-breaking waste can be manufactured at a low cost. .
[0034]
Further, in this wind-separating device for broken bag waste, an inclined plate that simply receives the broken bag waste falling below the terminal end of the broken bag waste conveyor is disposed, and an air nozzle header is provided below the inclined plate. and disposed, only臨設a lightweight product chute and heavy shot on upper and lower ends of the inclined plate, with a light weight material and heavy from breakage waste can be sorted easily and reliably, structure Because it is simple, it can be manufactured at low cost and maintenance is easy.
[0035]
Then, the wind sorting apparatus of the breakage waste, since the inclined plate is provided with a vibration motor for discharging towards the heavy beneath the inclined plate, facilitating the sorting operation of the weight of the lightweight material can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a conceptual configuration of a wind sorting device for broken bag waste according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a waste treatment plant to which a wind sorting device for broken bag waste according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a main part configuration of a first sorter of a waste treatment plant.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a wind-break sorting apparatus for bag-breaking waste according to the present invention used in an experiment.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a wind-separating device for broken bag waste according to a comparative example used in the experiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a conceptual configuration of a conventional wind power sorting apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Wind power sorting device for broken bag waste A1 Wind power sorting device B Waste treatment plant C Wind power sorting device H1 Height H2 Height H3 Height H4 Height L1 Total length of inclined plate L2 Horizontal length of inclined plate L3 Length L4 Length L5 of partition plate W1 Effective width of heavy object chute W2 Effective width of light object chute θ Inclination angle θ ₁ Inclination angle θ ₂ Angle 10 Broken bag waste 11 Broken bag waste transport conveyor 12 End portion 13 Inclined surface 14 Inclined Plate 15 Air Nozzle Header 16 Air Jet Nozzle 17 Lightweight 18 Lightweight Chute 19 Heavy Weight 20 Heavy Weight Chute 21 Blower 21a Waste 22 Bagbreaking Machine 22a Bagbreaking Waste 23 Magnetic Separator 24 Iron 25 First Sorting Machine 26 Heavy object 27 Light object 28 Crusher 28a Second sorter 29 Sand 30 Heavy object 31 Light object 32 Recoverable combustible component 33 Volume reducer 34 Solid fuel 35 Plastic oily raw material 36 Box-type machine frame 37 Bag-breaking waste conveying conveyor 38 Terminal section 39 Driving drum 40 Endless conveying belt 41 Driving pulley 42 Rotating motor 43 Output pulley 44 Endless V-belt 45 Inclined surface 46 Inclined plate 47 Elastic member 48 Elasticity Member 49 Bottom support beam 50 Bracket 51 Vibration motor (discharge mechanism) 52 Heavy object chute 53 Light object chute 54 Air ejection nozzle 55 Air nozzle header 56 Inclined plate 57 Feeder 58 Termination part 59 Air nozzle header 60 Broken bag waste 61 Light article 62 Heavy Material 62a Feeder 63 Terminal 64 Inclined Wall 65 Partition Plate 66 Heavy Material Chute 67 Light Material Chute 68 Air Nozzle Header 69 Broken Bag Waste 70 Light Material 71 Heavy Material

Claims (2)

An inclined plate to receive a breakage waste falling from the end portion of bag rupture waste conveyor on the inclined surface, is disposed below the inclined plate, toward the breakage waste drop onto the inclined surface An air nozzle header capable of blowing compressed air, a lightweight chute for receiving a lightweight object blown from the bag-breaking waste by the compressed air, which is erected on the upper end of the inclined plate, and a lower end of the inclined plate And a heavy material chute for storing a heavy material in the broken bag waste,
A wind-separating apparatus for bag-breaking waste, wherein an inclination angle θ of an inclined surface of the inclined plate is set to 5 ° to 30 °, and a vibration motor is attached to a bottom surface of the inclined plate . In the wind sorting apparatus of claim 1 breakage waste according, air ejection direction of the air nozzle header which can blow compressed air towards the breakage waste dropped onto the inclined surface of the inclined plate An air sorting device for bag-breaking waste, wherein an angle θ ₂ from the inclined surface is 0 ° to 45 °, and an air ejection speed from the air nozzle header is 50 to 150 m / sec.

Images