JP3759142B2 - Assembled formwork unit - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a prefabricated formwork unit used for building a structure such as a foundation or wall for a house.

  Conventionally, the foundations and walls made of reinforced concrete have been constructed by placing rebars and placing molds made of plywood or metal plates on both sides, connecting the molds with separators and placing concrete between the molds, It is common to remove the formwork after the concrete has hardened.

  However, since these works require a lot of labor and skilled workers at the site, various types of rebars and molds that have been unitized, and those that use a lightweight scraping frame have been developed.

  For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-13390, as a “construction method of a concrete foundation or wall body”, a pair of opposing disposal frames made of a synthetic foam resin and these molds bulge outward. It is described that the separator that prevents the rebar, the reinforcing bar material in which the reinforcing bars are connected vertically and horizontally, and the spacer that prevents the formwork from collapsing inward are formed separately and integrated and integrated near the site Has been.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-100539 discloses a “panel support structure for a formwork”, in which a lower end of a molded frame made of a synthetic foam resin is fitted to a receiving portion provided on a base line as a reinforcing bar, It describes what can be installed without using.

Furthermore, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-46713, “As a concrete wall or foundation mold, in order to reduce the weight of the mold, and to provide a heat insulating property to the mold itself, an outer heat insulating structure, Of a set of concrete mold members facing the width direction of the wall or foundation, at least one concrete mold member is made of a foamed synthetic resin mold such as polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam, and the inner surface has a spacer function. It is described that convex portions that can be fitted with one end of a transverse member such as a reinforcing bar are integrally formed at predetermined intervals.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-13390 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-100539 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-46713

  With regard to internal heat insulation structures that have been common in Japan, problems such as mold caused by condensation and air conditioning efficiency have been pointed out, and general heat insulation structures in Europe and the United States are drawing attention.

  Some of the above-mentioned prior arts enable external heat insulation by using a discarded frame made of foamed synthetic resin. However, when used as a discarded frame, there is a problem of adhesion to concrete, and one of the structures. There is a problem of strength as a part, a problem of mounting a surface finish material, and the like.

In addition, when using a panel of foamed synthetic resin as a discard frame, there is an advantage that it is lightweight, but in order to correspond to the pouring pressure of concrete, the panel thickness becomes large,
As a result, there is a problem that the thickness of the foundation and the wall becomes large.

  In addition, with respect to reinforcing bars, spacers, separators and the like arranged on the inner side, the foamed synthetic resin is easily deformed. For example, a reinforcing bar having a spacer function is integrally formed as in the invention described in JP-A-10-46713. When fitting on the convex part, it is difficult to obtain sufficient fixing strength.

  The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and is lightweight, easy to handle, requires no skill in assembly, has excellent adhesion to concrete, and is constructed of a building with an outer heat insulating structure. Another object of the present invention is to provide an assembly form unit suitable for the above.

The assembly-type formwork unit according to claim 1 is an assembly-type formwork unit used for construction of a concrete structure, and connects and holds a pair of discarding frames installed facing each other and the discarding frames. It is composed of a plurality of connecting materials that also serve as spacers, and the discard frame is formed of a mesh body installed on the inner surface side where concrete is placed and a decorative panel installed on the outer surface side of the mesh body, A receiving member for fixing the mesh body and the end of the connecting material is attached to the inner surface side of the mesh body, a through hole and a claw are formed in the receiving member, and a hook is formed at the end of the connecting material. The end of the connecting member is fixed to the receiving member by inserting the hook into the through hole, and the mesh member is fixed to the receiving member by being hooked on the claw. With what That.

  By configuring the inner surface side of the scraping frame with a mesh body, high adhesion to the concrete placed between the facing scraping frames is obtained, and since it is a mesh body, it is lightweight, and the connecting material The end of the hook is inserted into the through hole of the receiving member, and the mesh body is hooked on the hooking claw of the receiving member so that it can be fixed to the receiving member, so that it is not necessary to join by welding etc. Handling and assembly work as a whole frame becomes easy.

  In this case, the material or the like is not particularly limited as long as it can maintain the form. For example, a metal lath, a punching metal, a FRP network, and the like are conceivable.

  In addition, as the receiving member, for example, a hook having a hook formed at the end of the connecting member and a hooking claw that can be inserted into the mesh of a mesh body in a steel having an L-shaped cross section or a groove-shaped cross section is provided. It may be provided. In addition, the latching claw in this case can be easily formed by cutting a part of the shape steel and bending the part obliquely to the outside or inside of the shape steel.

  Furthermore, it is generally considered that the connecting material is formed by forming hooks that can be inserted into the through-holes of the receiving member at both ends of a steel rod such as round steel or deformed reinforcing bar. Like the Sir, it has the function of maintaining the spacing between the opposing molds.

  Further, since the connecting material can be buried in the concrete and is fixed to the receiving member on the inner surface side, it is easy to handle.

  By providing the decorative panel on the outer surface side, the work can be completed by placing the concrete between the discarding frames and curing the concrete, and there is no need to separately perform the outer surface finishing work.

  In addition, since the inner surface of the discard frame is a net-like body, when attaching heavy items such as tiles and stones as decorative panels, a hooking claw is projected on the back side of this, and this hooking claw is It can be firmly attached so as not to be peeled off simply by hooking it into the mesh of the mesh body and treating the joint. In this case, mortar may be applied beforehand on the mesh body, and tiles or stones may be attached thereto.

  As another method of attaching tiles, stones, etc. as decorative panels, a plurality of rail members are attached in parallel to the outer surface side of the net-like body, while engaging the rail members on the back side of tiles, stones, etc. An engagement groove may be provided and the engagement groove may be engaged with the rail material. According to this attachment method, a plurality of tiles and stones can be easily attached by sliding sequentially from the end of the rail material.

  Note that a heat insulating panel made of a foamed synthetic resin such as foamed polystyrene or foamed polyurethane may be sandwiched in advance between the inner side net-like body and the outer side decorative panel.

  The assembly formwork unit according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the assembly formwork unit according to claim 1, the mesh body is one of a metal lath, a punching metal, and an FRP mesh body. . Metal laths, punched metal, FRP nets, etc. have high adhesion to concrete and have high tensile strength, so they can function as a tensile reinforcement for concrete, and the frame itself There is an advantage that sufficient rigidity and strength can be obtained.

  The assembly formwork unit according to claim 3 is the assembly formwork unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the receiving member is attached continuously or intermittently in the horizontal direction of the disposal form. Is. The receiving member can be continuously attached in a liner shape according to the strength and location of the scraped frame, or pieces can be attached at predetermined intervals, so that structural and construction rationalization can be achieved.

  The assembly formwork unit according to claim 4 is the assembly formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the receiving member is attached in a grid in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the disposal form frame. It is a feature. By arranging the receiving members in a lattice shape, it not only functions as a reinforcing material for the discarded frame, but also by attaching latching claws to the receiving members arranged in the vertical direction to attach the mesh body more firmly Further, the receiving member can be more efficiently attached by assembling in advance in a lattice shape.

  The assembly formwork unit according to claim 5 is the assembly formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the net-like body is provided with respect to at least one of the pair of opposing release frames. It is formed in a thin hollow box shape.

  A single mesh body may be used for the purpose of adhesion to concrete or the like, but by forming a double box shape in the wall thickness direction, a heat insulating space can be formed in the mesh body. In this case, the thin-walled hollow has only to have a thickness necessary for the heat-insulating space, and when the heat-insulating material is not loaded, a thickness of several mm to about 10 mm is considered appropriate.

  Since concrete is cast on the inner surface side of the scraping frame, if it is too thick, the concrete may be deformed by the casting of the concrete.

  In addition, it is necessary to attach the concrete to the front mesh body. Depending on the size and material of the mesh of the mesh body, it is possible that the concrete will enter the inside of the box shape. Alternatively, a sheet-like, plate-like, or three-dimensional mesh-like material for suppressing the intrusion of concrete may be filled inside.

In the case of applying the assembly-type disposal frame of the invention of the present invention to the construction of a foundation beam or a wall of a detached house, for example, at least one disposal frame of a pair of opposing disposal frames,
This is because it is sufficient that a heat insulating space is formed on either the outdoor side or the indoor side of the concrete foundation beam or the concrete wall. Of course, a net-like body formed in a box shape on both the indoor and outdoor sides may be used. However, the present invention is particularly suitable for an outer heat insulating structure that has high cooling and heating efficiency and is unlikely to cause problems such as condensation.

The assembly formwork unit according to claim 6 is the assembly formwork unit according to claim 5 , characterized in that a heat insulating material is filled inside a box-shaped net.

  A heat insulating material such as glass wool or a synthetic resin foam or the like is loaded inside the box-shaped mesh body so that the heat insulating property is further improved. In the present invention, since the box-shaped space is formed inside the discard frame, the heat insulating material can be easily loaded at the factory or the site. Furthermore, if this net-like body is attached at the beginning of construction, the heat insulating material can be easily loaded even after construction, such as during renovation.

  The assembly formwork unit of the invention of the present application is configured by forming the inner surface side of the discard frame with a mesh body, so that high adhesion to concrete placed between the facing discard frames is obtained, Since it is light, it is easy to handle and assemble as a whole.

  In addition, the end of the connecting material is inserted into the through hole of the receiving member, and the mesh is hooked on the hooking claws of the receiving member so that it can be fixed to the receiving member. The coupling becomes unnecessary, and handling and assembling work as the entire disposal frame becomes easy.

  Furthermore, since the connecting material can be buried in the concrete and is fixed to the receiving member on the inner surface side, it is easy to handle.

  By providing the decorative panel on the outer surface side, the work can be completed by placing the concrete between the discarding frames and curing the concrete, and there is no need to separately perform the outer surface finishing work.

  In addition, since the inner surface of the discard frame is a net-like body, when attaching heavy items such as tiles and stones as decorative panels, a hooking claw is projected on the back side of this, and this hooking claw is By simply hooking on the mesh of the reticulate body, no particularly troublesome plastering work is required, and it is possible to attach firmly so that even heavy finishing materials such as tiles and stones do not fall off.

  In addition, by using a metal lath, punching metal or FRP network as the mesh body, high adhesion to concrete can be obtained, and since it has high tensile strength, the function as a tensile reinforcement for concrete is exhibited. In addition, there is an advantage that a sufficient rigidity and strength can be obtained with respect to the discarded frame itself.

  In addition to functioning as a stiffener for the discarded frame by arranging the receiving members in a lattice shape, the mesh body can be made stronger by projecting latching claws on the receiving members arranged in the vertical direction. In addition, the receiving member can be more efficiently attached by assembling in advance in a lattice shape.

  1 and 2 show an embodiment in which the assembly formwork unit of the present invention is applied to construction of a fabric foundation.

  The discarding frame 1 is an integrated body 2 made of expanded metal on the inner surface side and a decorative panel 3 made of mortar or decorative plate on the outer surface, and is opposed to the inner surface side of the mesh 2. A receiving member 5 for fixing the connecting material 4 that connects the discarding frame 1 to each other is attached.

  When the decorative panel 3 is a mortar, the discarded frame 1 is formed by placing, spraying, or applying the mortar on the net 2, and the decorative panel 3 is a synthetic resin plate or wood. In this case, it can be integrated by fixing with an adhesive or a metal fitting.

  Further, when the decorative panel 3 is a tile or stone, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a hooking claw 6 a is projected on the back side of the tile or stone 6, and the hooking claw 6 a is hooked on the mesh of the mesh body 2. It can be easily installed just by performing joint processing.

  FIG. 2 (c) shows another embodiment in which tiles or stones 6 are attached as decorative panels, and a plurality of rail members 7 are attached in parallel to the outer surface side of the net 2 while the tiles are attached. Alternatively, an engagement groove 6 b that engages with the rail material 7 is provided on the back side of the stone material 6, and by engaging the engagement groove 6 b with the rail material 7, a plurality of tiles or stone materials 6 are attached to the end portions of the rail material 7. And can be easily attached to the outer surface side of the reticulated body 2 by sliding them sequentially.

  In this case, the plurality of rail members 7 are connected to each other by a plurality of vertical bars 7a erected at predetermined intervals, and the hooking claws protruding on the back side of the vertical bars 7a are hooked on the mesh body 2. Further, the vertical rail 7a can be attached to the mesh body 2 by binding it with a binding wire.

  The receiving member 5 is a steel having a groove-shaped cross section, and is attached so as to open upward on the inner surface side of the mesh body 2, and the connecting member 4 is a reinforcing bar such as a round steel or a deformed reinforcing bar, between the receiving members 5 and 5. It is fixed to the reinforcing bars that are laid horizontally to the reinforcement and that serve as reinforcements for the foundation.

  In this case, the mesh of the mesh body 2 is inserted downward from the upper side to the latching claw 5 a formed so as to rise obliquely upward on the outer surface side of the receiving member 5, and is hooked on the outer surface side of the receiving member 5. The body 2 can be easily attached.

  Further, the hooks 4a formed at both ends of the connecting member 4 are inserted into the through holes 5b formed at the bottom of the member 5 downward from the upper side, so that both ends of the connecting member 4 can be easily attached to the receiving member 5. If necessary, a male screw part is formed at the tip of the hook 4a, and the fixing nut 8 is tightened on the male screw part, so that the end of the connecting member 4 is removed from the through hole 5b of the member 5. It can be fixed firmly so that there is no.

  As site work, after placing reinforcing bars of the foundation bottom and fabric foundation on the discarded concrete 9 constructed as the foundation bottom as shown in Fig. 2 (a), first on both sides of the reinforcing bars of the foundation bottom The discard frame 1 for the bottom of the foundation is installed facing each other, and these are connected by the connecting material 4.

  In this case, as shown in the drawing, the receiving members 5 are installed in a liner shape on both sides of the reinforcing bars at the bottom of the foundation. The receiving member 5 is fixed on the discarded concrete 9 with anchor bolts or concrete nails 10. Then, by installing the discard frame 1 on the receiving member 5, it is possible to reliably solidify the discard frame 1. Similarly, the waste frame 1 for the fabric foundation is placed facing both sides of the reinforcing bars of the fabric foundation, and these are connected by the connecting material 4.

  The dimensions of the connecting material 4 are set so that the distance between the surfaces of the decorative panels 3 on the outer surface side of the discard frame 1 is the width of the foundation bottom and the fabric foundation to be constructed. By positioning the opposing discarding frames 1, positioning of the discarding frames 1 is completed.

  The placing of concrete may be performed separately for the foundation bottom portion and the fabric foundation portion, or may be performed simultaneously. If it is performed at the same time, it is necessary to install a formwork between the bottom formwork for the foundation and the formwork for the cloth base shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure. It is necessary to support the lower end of the discard frame 1.

  FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) show an embodiment in which the assembly formwork unit of the present invention is applied to the construction of a wall body having an outer heat insulating structure.

  In this embodiment, the net-like body 2 of the discard frame 1 on the outdoor side (left side in the figure) is formed in a thin hollow box shape, and the inside thereof is filled with a heat insulating material 11 such as glass wool. Further, as shown in the figure, the receiving member 5 is installed on the discarded concrete, and the discarding frame 1 is installed on the receiving member 5 so that the discarding frame 1 is firmly rooted.

  By constructing in this way, it is possible to easily construct a concrete wall with an external heat insulating structure by connecting the opposing discarding frames 1 and 1 with a connecting member 4 and placing concrete by placing bars. it can.

  In addition, as the heat insulating material 11, what was shape | molded in plate shape, such as foaming styrene and foaming polyurethane, may be used. Further, in the illustrated example, on the indoor side (right side in the figure), as in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 1, the plate-like net 2 is simply integrated with the decorative panel 3. Similarly to the outdoor side, the net-like body 2 may be formed in a thin hollow box shape, and the inside thereof may be filled with a heat insulating material.

  In any of the embodiments, the two or four mesh bodies 2 adjacent to each other in the vertical or horizontal direction, or in the vertical and horizontal directions can be easily used by using a coupling fitting as illustrated in FIGS. Can be combined.

  5 (a) and 5 (b) illustrate the case where two vertically adjacent mesh bodies 2 are coupled to each other, and the metal fitting 12 that couples the vertically adjacent mesh bodies 2 is a metal plate, Two plate pieces 12a, 12a made of the same material as the synthetic resin plate or the net-like body 2 are overlapped, and the central portion is formed by welding, bonding, screwing or bundling in the horizontal direction. The nets 2 and 2 can be joined by sandwiching the edge between the plate pieces 12a and 12a.

  In addition, when joining the two net-like bodies 2 adjacent in the horizontal direction, the coupling metal fitting formed by welding the center part of the two plate pieces 12a and 12a which overlapped two layers up and down, etc. (Not shown) can be combined.

  In this case, the horizontally adjacent nets 2 and 2 can be joined by sandwiching the edge between the plate pieces 12a and 12a.

  6 (a) and 6 (b) illustrate the case where four mesh bodies 2 adjacent to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions are coupled to each other, and the coupling metal 12 for coupling the four mesh bodies 2 is a metal plate. The two plate pieces 12a and 12a made of the same material as the synthetic resin plate or the net-like body 2 are overlapped, and the center portion is welded in a cross shape in the horizontal and vertical directions.

  The four adjacent nets 2 and 2 can be joined by sandwiching each corner between the plate pieces 12a and 12a.

  Further, FIG. 7 illustrates a case where two mesh bodies 2 adjacent to each other at right angles are coupled to each other, and the metal fitting 12 for coupling the mesh body 2 is the same material as the metal plate, the synthetic resin plate or the mesh body 2. The two plate pieces 12a, 12a made of are overlapped, fixed at the lower end by welding or the like in the horizontal direction, and further bent at a right angle with respect to the vertical direction. And the adjacent mesh-like bodies 2 and 2 can be couple | bonded at right angle by pinching an edge part between board piece 12a, 12a. In addition, it can also be formed by folding a single plate piece into two with the center as an axis, and further bending the short side direction perpendicular to the axis.

  The present invention can be used as a reinforced concrete formwork such as a foundation or wall for a house.

1 shows an embodiment in which the assembly formwork unit of the present invention is applied to construction of a fabric foundation, (a) is a vertical sectional view thereof, and (b) is a perspective view of a receiving member and a connecting member. . 1 shows an embodiment when the assembly formwork unit of the present invention is applied to construction of a fabric foundation, (a) is a vertical sectional view thereof, (b) is a perspective view of a receiving member, (c) is It is a front view which shows one Embodiment which attaches a tile or a stone material. One embodiment at the time of applying an assembly formwork unit of the present invention to construction of a wall is shown, (a) is the vertical section, and (b) is the expanded section. It is a partial expanded sectional view of an assembly-type formwork unit. (a), (b) is the front view and longitudinal cross-sectional view which respectively show the coupling | bond part of a net-like body. (a), (b) is the front view and longitudinal cross-sectional view which respectively show the coupling | bond part of a net-like body. It is a top view which shows the coupling | bond part of a net-like body.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Discarding frame 2 Net body 3 Decorative panel 4 Connecting material 4a Hook 5 Receiving member 5a Hanging claw 5b Through hole 6 Tile or stone material 6a Hanging claw 6b Hanging groove 7 Rail material 7a Vertical beam 8 Fixing nut 9 Discarded concrete 10 Anchor bolt or concrete nail 11 Insulation material 12 Coupling bracket 12a

Claims (6)

It is an assembly-type formwork unit used for construction of a concrete structure, and is composed of a pair of discarding frames installed opposite to each other and a plurality of connecting materials serving as spacers for connecting and holding the discarding frames. The discard frame is formed of a mesh body installed on an inner surface side where concrete is placed and a decorative panel installed on an outer surface side of the mesh body, and the mesh body and the connection are formed on an inner surface side of the mesh body. A receiving member for fixing the end of the material is attached, a through hole and a claw are formed in the receiving member, a hook is formed at the end of the connecting material, and the end of the connecting material is attached to the hook. The assembly type formwork unit, wherein the assembly form unit is fixed to the receiving member by being inserted into the through hole, and the mesh body is fixed to the receiving member by being hooked on the claw.   2. The assembly formwork unit according to claim 1, wherein the mesh body is any one of a metal lath, a punching metal, and an FRP mesh body.   The assembly type formwork unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the receiving member is attached continuously or intermittently in a horizontal direction of the discard formwork.   The assembly type formwork unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the receiving member is attached in a lattice shape in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the formwork form.   The assembly-type form unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the net-like body is formed in a thin-walled hollow box shape for at least one of the pair of facing-out form frames. 6. The assembled formwork unit according to claim 5 , wherein a heat insulating material is filled inside a box-shaped net.

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