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JP3759302B2 - Pneumatic tire - Google Patents
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JP3759302B2 - Pneumatic tire - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3759302B2
JP3759302B2 JP35722797A JP35722797A JP3759302B2 JP 3759302 B2 JP3759302 B2 JP 3759302B2 JP 35722797 A JP35722797 A JP 35722797A JP 35722797 A JP35722797 A JP 35722797A JP 3759302 B2 JP3759302 B2 JP 3759302B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
tire
bead core
apex
angle
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP35722797A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH11189018A (en
Inventor
雅彦 山本
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bridgestone Corp
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Bridgestone Corp
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Filing date
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Priority to JP35722797A priority Critical patent/JP3759302B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、空気入りタイヤ、とくにビード部の耐久性を向上した空気入りタイヤに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
空気入りタイヤにおいて、カーカスの側端部を支持するビードコアには種々の構造があるが、中でも断面が六角形状のビードコア構造は形状安定性に優れる点で有利である。すなわち、図1に示すように、鋼線などにめっきを施してゴムを被覆したワイヤ1を、環状にかつ複数回並列に巻き回してワイヤ列2を形成し、次にこのワイヤ列2の径方向外側にワイヤ1を半ピッチずらし、かつワイヤの巻き数を1回増加して巻き回してワイヤ列3を積み重ね、さらに同様にワイヤ列3の径方向外側に巻き数を1回増加したワイヤ列4を積み重ね、次いでワイヤの巻き数を1回減らして巻き回してワイヤ列5を形成し、タイヤの幅方向断面における形状を六角形に整えて成る。かくして得られるビードコア6には、カーカス7の側端部を巻き付けて固定し、ビードコア6にてカーカス7を支持する。
【0003】
ここで、ビードコアの断面形状とは、該ビードコアの周面を構成するワイヤ部分の全てが内接する多角形を意味する。そして、図1に示した、在来のビードコアの断面形状は、ビードコアの軸心を通りタイヤの回転軸と直交する線分をビードコアの中心線Lとしたとき、この中心線Lに関して線対称であるのが通例である。すなわち、ビードコアの断面を形成する六角形は、タイヤ外側に位置する頂点Aにおける内角の角度αと、タイヤ内側に位置する頂点Bにおける内角の角度βとは、同等である。従って、ビードコアは中心線Lに関して対称形であるため、この中心線Lを挟む両側での剛性はほぼ均等になる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、タイヤの転動中にトレッド接地域からカーカスプライを介してビードコアに加わる入力は、図2において矢印で示す、カーカスプライに沿ってタイヤ径方向外側への張力Tとして主にビードコアのタイヤ内側に作用する。そして、ビードコアの剛性は、上記のとおり、中心線Lを挟む両側でほぼ均等であるから、ビードコアのタイヤ内側の部分に歪みが集中する結果、ビードコアに形崩れが生じる。すると、ビードコアに期待される性能を発揮できないため、ビード部の耐久性が低下する不利をまねく。
【0005】
また、ビードコアのタイヤ内側のワイヤ部分とカーカスプライコードとの間で生じるフレッティング磨耗に起因して、カーカスプライコードの強力が低下することも問題であった。
【0006】
そこで、この発明は、カーカスプライを介してビードコアに加わる入力に起因したビードコアの形崩れを有利に回避し、併せてカーカスプライコードとの間で生じるフレッティング磨耗をも抑制するビードコア構造を与えることによって、ビード部耐久性を向上した空気入りタイヤについて提案することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、この発明は、1対のビードコア間にわたりトロイド状をなして延びるカーカスのタイヤ径方向外側にベルト及びトレッドをそなえる空気入りタイヤであって、該ビードコアは、ワイヤを環状にかつ複数回並列に巻き回したワイヤ列を、その径方向外側に複数積み重ねて、断面形状を六角形に整えて成り、該六角形は、タイヤ最外側に位置する頂点とタイヤ最内側に位置する頂点とを同一ワイヤ列上に有し、これら頂点のあるワイヤ列を挟んで対向するワイヤ列の相互でワイヤの配列本数を同じにして成り、前記タイヤ外側に位置する頂点における内角に比して、タイヤ内側に位置する頂点における内角が大きいことを特徴とする空気入りタイヤである。
とりわけ、タイヤ内側に位置する頂点における内角の角度が130°以上であることが、有利である。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
さて、この発明に従う空気入りタイヤについて、図3を参照して詳しく説明する。
図3に示すビードコアは、図1に示したビードコアと同様にワイヤ1を環状にかつ複数回並列に巻き回したワイヤ列の積み重ね構造に成り、ビードコアの断面を形成する六角形を、そのタイヤ外側に位置する頂点Aにおける内角の角度αに比し、タイヤ内側に位置する頂点Bにおける内角の角度βが大きくなる形状としたところに特徴がある。
【0009】
ここで、ビードコアにカーカスプライを介して作用する外力が、タイヤの外側に比較して同内側部分で大きいことは既述の通りであり、従って、少なくともビードコアのタイヤ内側部分の剛性を従来対比で高める必要がある。そのために、この発明では、ビードコアの断面を形成する六角形において、角度αに比し角度βを大きくした。
【0010】
すなわち、図4に示すように、ビードコア断面のタイヤの内側または外側に位置する頂点を構成するフィラメント1-1 ,1-2 および1-3 において、ビードコアにカーカスプライを介して作用する外力として、フィラメント1-1 に大きさが“1”の歪がタイヤ径方向内側から同外側に加わった際の、フィラメント1-2 および1-3 を同外側に押し上げる量は、
cos2{(π−θ)/2}
となる。
そして、この押し上げる量は角度θに比例して増加するため、頂点AおよびBでの角度θ、すなわち角度αおよびβが、π/2<α<βのときは、
cos2{(π−α)/2}<cos2{(π−β)/2}
となる。従って、タイヤ径方向内側から同外側に加わる歪に対する応力の分散効率は、頂点Aに比較して角度βの大きい頂点Bで高くなり、ビードコアにタイヤ径方向内側の底辺に同外側へ作用する外力に対する剛性は頂点B側で高くなる。
【0011】
一方、頂点における内角を従来対比で大きくすると、従来のビードコア構造と比較して、その断面積の増加をまねくことになる。このビードコア断面積の増加は、タイヤの重量やコストの増加をまねくことになるため、極力抑制することが望ましい。
【0012】
そこで、この発明においては、上述の通り、とりわけ高剛性化を必要とする、図において中心線Lを挟むタイヤ内側の領域について、その剛性を高めるべく、頂点Bにおける内角βを頂点Aにおける内角α対比で大きくすることによって、ビードコア断面積の増加による不利を回避した上で、必要とする剛性をビードコアに付与する、構造を実現した。
【0013】
ここで、頂点Bにおける内角βは130 °以上とすることが好ましい。すなわち、内角βを130 °以上とすることによって、ビードまわりのカーカスプライとの接触が点接触から面接触に移行するため、フレッティングを抑制することができる。一方、内角βの上限は、とくに設ける必要はなく、180 °までが可能である。
【0014】
なお、上記ビードコアの製造方法についてはとくに限定する必要はなく、要は製品タイヤにおいてビードコアにおける内角αに比し同βが大きくなっていればよいが、例えば、次の▲1▼,▲2▼および▲3▼の手法にてビードリングを成形することができる。
▲1▼ビードリングの成形に供する成形型として、図5に示す、内側面の傾斜角度γおよびδをγ<δとした、下型8を用いて、ワイヤ1の巻き回しを行う。
▲2▼ビードリングの成形を通常通り行ったのち、図6に示す、内側面の傾斜角度εおよびζをε>ζとした、ローラ9を用いて、成形後のビードリングを上から押さえて整形する。
▲3▼▲1▼に従ってワイヤ1の巻き回しを行ったのち、▲2▼に従う整形を行う。
【0015】
【実施例】
図7に構造を示す、サイズ11R22.5のトラック及びバス用タイヤを試作するに当たり、そのビードコアを表1に示す種々の仕様とした。なお、図7において、符号10はビードコア6に係止したカーカスおよび11はスチールワイヤによるチェーファーである。
【0016】
かくして得られた各タイヤを標準リムに装着後、9.00kgf/cm2 の空気圧に調整してから、荷重:3215kgf 及び速度:60km/hの条件下に、ドラム走行試験に供し、タイヤが故障するまでの走行距離を調査し、比較タイヤの走行距離を100 としたときの指数によってビード部耐久性を評価した。この指数が大きいほど、ビード部耐久性に優れる。
【0017】
また、同様空気圧に調整しタイヤを、10tのトラックに装着し、トレッドの溝が完全に磨耗するまで走行し、その後タイヤを解剖して、ビードコアに形崩れがないかを観察し、同様にビードコアの頂点Bに隣接するカーカスプライコードにおけるフレッティング磨耗の発生状況を観察するとともに、同部分のカーカスプライから抜き出した1本コードの強力を調査し、比較タイヤの強力を100 としたときの指数によって表示した。ここで、フレッティング磨耗の発生状況は、図8に示すように、フィラメントの健全な部分の径をl0 および同磨耗部分の径をlmin としたとき、(lmin /l0 )が0.95以下の場合はフレッティング磨耗が大、そして(lmin /l0 )が0.95をこえる場合はフレッティング磨耗が小、とした。なお、カーカスプライコードは、全てのタイヤで同じものを使用した。
これらの評価及び観察結果を、ビードコアの仕様に併せて、表1に示す。
【0018】
【表1】

Figure 0003759302
【0019】
【発明の効果】
この発明によれば、カーカスプライを介してビードコアに加わる入力を、ビードコアが形崩れすることなしに吸収し、またカーカスプライコードとの間で生じるフレッティング磨耗も有利に回避することができるため、ビード部耐久性を格段に向上した空気入りタイヤを提供し得る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】従来の六角ビードコアを示す断面図である。
【図2】ビードコアに作用する外力を示す模式図である。
【図3】この発明のビードコアを示す断面図である。
【図4】ビードコアの頂点を示す断面図である。
【図5】ビードリングの成形下型を示す模式図である。
【図6】ビードリングの整形に仕様するローラを示す模式図である。
【図7】タイヤのビード部の断面図である。
【図8】フレッティング磨耗の評価要領を示す模式図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ワイヤ
2 ワイヤ列
3 ワイヤ列
4 ワイヤ列
5 ワイヤ列
6 ビードコア
7 カーカス
8 下型
9 ローラ
10 カーカス
11 チェーファー[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire, and more particularly to a pneumatic tire with improved bead durability.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a pneumatic tire, there are various structures for the bead core that supports the side end portion of the carcass. Among them, a bead core structure having a hexagonal cross section is advantageous in that it has excellent shape stability. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a wire 1 plated with a steel wire or the like and coated with rubber is wound in a ring shape and in parallel a plurality of times to form a wire row 2, and then the diameter of the wire row 2 is increased. A wire row in which the wire 1 is shifted by a half pitch on the outer side in the direction and the number of turns of the wire is increased by one to wind and the wire row 3 is stacked, and similarly, the number of turns is increased once on the radially outer side of the wire row 3 4 are stacked, and then the number of windings of the wire is reduced by one to wind to form a wire row 5, and the shape in the cross section in the width direction of the tire is adjusted to a hexagon. The bead core 6 thus obtained is wound around and fixed to the side end portion of the carcass 7, and the carcass 7 is supported by the bead core 6.
[0003]
Here, the cross-sectional shape of the bead core means a polygon in which all of the wire portions constituting the peripheral surface of the bead core are inscribed. The cross-sectional shape of the conventional bead core shown in FIG. 1 is symmetrical with respect to the center line L when a line segment passing through the axis of the bead core and orthogonal to the rotation axis of the tire is defined as the center line L of the bead core. It is customary. That is, in the hexagon forming the cross section of the bead core, the angle α of the inner angle at the vertex A located on the outer side of the tire is equal to the angle β of the inner angle at the vertex B located on the inner side of the tire. Therefore, since the bead core is symmetrical with respect to the center line L, the rigidity on both sides of the center line L is substantially equal.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the input applied to the bead core from the tread contact area via the carcass ply during rolling of the tire is mainly the inner side of the bead core as a tension T toward the outer side in the tire radial direction along the carcass ply, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. Act on. Since the bead core has substantially the same rigidity on both sides of the center line L as described above, the bead core is deformed as a result of the strain concentrated on the inside portion of the bead core. Then, since the performance expected for the bead core cannot be exhibited, the durability of the bead portion is lowered.
[0005]
Another problem is that the strength of the carcass ply cord is reduced due to fretting wear that occurs between the wire portion inside the tire of the bead core and the carcass ply cord.
[0006]
Accordingly, the present invention provides a bead core structure that advantageously avoids the deformation of the bead core due to the input applied to the bead core via the carcass ply and also suppresses fretting wear occurring with the carcass ply cord. Therefore, it aims at proposing about the pneumatic tire which improved bead part durability.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is a pneumatic tire having a belt and a tread on the outer side in the tire radial direction of a carcass extending in a toroidal shape between a pair of bead cores, and the bead core includes wires arranged in parallel and a plurality of times in parallel. A plurality of wound wire arrays are stacked on the outer side in the radial direction, and the cross-sectional shape is adjusted to a hexagonal shape. The hexagonal shape is the same wire with the apex located on the outermost side of the tire and the apex located on the innermost side of the tire. It has on the column, made by the sequence number of wires in mutual opposing wire row across the wire array with these vertices into the same, as compared with the interior angle at the apex which is located outermost the tire, the tire innermost This is a pneumatic tire characterized in that the inner angle at the apex located at is large.
In particular, it is advantageous that the angle of the inner angle at the apex located inside the tire is 130 ° or more.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Now, the pneumatic tire according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
The bead core shown in FIG. 3 has a stacked structure of wire rows in which the wires 1 are wound in parallel and in a plurality of times in the same manner as the bead core shown in FIG. This is characterized in that the inner angle angle β at the apex B located inside the tire is larger than the inner angle α at the apex A located in the tire.
[0009]
Here, as described above, the external force acting on the bead core via the carcass ply is larger in the inner portion compared to the outer side of the tire. Therefore, at least the rigidity of the inner portion of the bead core in the tire is compared with the conventional one. Need to increase. Therefore, in the present invention, in the hexagon forming the cross section of the bead core, the angle β is made larger than the angle α.
[0010]
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, in the filaments 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3 constituting the apex located inside or outside the tire of the bead core cross section, as an external force acting on the bead core via the carcass ply, When a strain of size “1” is applied to the filament 1-1 from the inside in the tire radial direction to the outside, the amount of the filaments 1-2 and 1-3 pushed up to the outside is:
cos 2 {(π−θ) / 2}
It becomes.
Since the amount to be pushed increases in proportion to the angle θ, when the angles θ at the vertices A and B, that is, the angles α and β are π / 2 <α <β,
cos 2 {(π−α) / 2} <cos 2 {(π−β) / 2}
It becomes. Therefore, the dispersion efficiency of the stress with respect to the strain applied from the inner side in the tire radial direction to the outer side becomes higher at the apex B where the angle β is larger than the apex A, and the external force acting on the bead core on the base on the inner side in the tire radial direction Is higher on the apex B side.
[0011]
On the other hand, when the interior angle at the apex is increased as compared with the conventional structure, the cross-sectional area is increased as compared with the conventional bead core structure. Since this increase in the bead core cross-sectional area leads to an increase in the weight and cost of the tire, it is desirable to suppress it as much as possible.
[0012]
Therefore, in the present invention, as described above, it requires a high rigidity, inter alia, for the tire inner areas which sandwich the center line L in FIG. 1, in order to increase its rigidity, the inner angle of the interior angle β at the apex B at vertex A By increasing the ratio in comparison with α, a structure that gives the required rigidity to the bead core while avoiding the disadvantages due to the increase in the cross-sectional area of the bead core has been realized.
[0013]
Here, the internal angle β at the apex B is preferably 130 ° or more. That is, by setting the inner angle β to 130 ° or more, the contact with the carcass ply around the bead shifts from the point contact to the surface contact, so that fretting can be suppressed. On the other hand, the upper limit of the inner angle β is not particularly required and can be up to 180 °.
[0014]
In addition, it is not necessary to specifically limit the manufacturing method of the bead core. In short, in the product tire, it is sufficient that β is larger than the inner angle α in the bead core. For example, the following (1), (2) A bead ring can be formed by the methods (3) and (3).
{Circle around (1)} The wire 1 is wound using a lower die 8 as shown in FIG. 5 in which the inclination angles γ and δ of the inner surface are set to γ <δ as a forming die for forming the bead ring.
(2) After forming the bead ring as usual, use the roller 9 shown in FIG. 6 where the inner surface inclination angles ε and ζ are ε> ζ, and press the formed bead ring from above. Shape it.
After winding wire 1 according to (3) (1), shaping according to (2) is performed.
[0015]
【Example】
In producing a truck and bus tire of size 11R22.5, the structure of which is shown in FIG. 7, the bead core has various specifications shown in Table 1. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 10 denotes a carcass locked to the bead core 6, and 11 denotes a steel wire chafer.
[0016]
Each tire obtained in this way is mounted on a standard rim, adjusted to a pneumatic pressure of 9.00 kgf / cm 2 , and then subjected to a drum running test under the conditions of load: 3215 kgf and speed: 60 km / h, causing the tire to fail. The durability of the bead part was evaluated by an index when the mileage of the comparative tire was set to 100. The larger the index, the better the bead durability.
[0017]
Also, install a tire adjusted to the same air pressure on a 10-ton truck, run until the tread groove is completely worn, then dissect the tire and observe whether the bead core is deformed. In addition, the occurrence of fretting wear in the carcass ply cord adjacent to the apex B of the bead core was observed, and the strength of one cord extracted from the carcass ply of the same portion was investigated, and the strength of the comparative tire was set to 100 Expressed by index. Here, as shown in FIG. 8, when the diameter of the healthy part of the filament is l 0 and the diameter of the worn part is l min , (l min / l 0 ) is 0.95 as shown in FIG. The fretting wear was large in the following cases, and the fretting wear was small when (l min / l 0 ) exceeded 0.95. The same carcass ply cord was used for all tires.
These evaluation and observation results are shown in Table 1 together with the specifications of the bead core.
[0018]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003759302
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the input applied to the bead core through the carcass ply is absorbed without the bead core being deformed, and fretting wear that occurs with the carcass ply cord can be advantageously avoided. It is possible to provide a pneumatic tire with significantly improved bead durability.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional hexagonal bead core.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an external force acting on a bead core.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a bead core according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the apex of a bead core.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a lower mold of a bead ring.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a roller for use in shaping a bead ring.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a bead portion of a tire.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an evaluation procedure for fretting wear.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Wire 2 Wire row 3 Wire row 4 Wire row 5 Wire row 6 Bead core 7 Carcass 8 Lower die 9 Roller
10 Carcass
11 Chafer

Claims (2)

1対のビードコア間にわたりトロイド状をなして延びるカーカスのタイヤ径方向外側にベルト及びトレッドをそなえる空気入りタイヤであって、該ビードコアは、ワイヤを環状にかつ複数回並列に巻き回したワイヤ列を、その径方向外側に複数積み重ねて、断面形状を六角形に整えて成り、該六角形は、タイヤ最外側に位置する頂点とタイヤ最内側に位置する頂点とを同一ワイヤ列上に有し、これら頂点のあるワイヤ列を挟んで対向するワイヤ列の相互でワイヤの配列本数を同じにして成り、前記タイヤ外側に位置する頂点における内角に比して、タイヤ内側に位置する頂点における内角が大きいことを特徴とする空気入りタイヤ。A pneumatic tire having a belt and a tread on the outer side in the tire radial direction of a carcass extending in a toroidal shape between a pair of bead cores, the bead core comprising a wire array in which wires are wound in an annular shape and in parallel a plurality of times A plurality of stacked radially outer sides, the cross-sectional shape is arranged in a hexagonal shape, the hexagonal shape has an apex located on the outermost tire side and an apex located on the innermost side of the tire on the same wire row, made by the sequence number of wires in mutual wire array opposite to each other with respect to the wire row with these vertices into the same, as compared with the interior angle at the apex which is located outermost the tire, interior angle at the apex which is located innermost tire Pneumatic tire characterized by its large size. 請求項1において、タイヤ内側に位置する頂点における内角の角度が130 °以上であることを特徴とする空気入りタイヤ。  The pneumatic tire according to claim 1, wherein an angle of an inner angle at an apex located inside the tire is 130 ° or more.
JP35722797A 1997-12-25 1997-12-25 Pneumatic tire Expired - Lifetime JP3759302B2 (en)

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JP35722797A JP3759302B2 (en) 1997-12-25 1997-12-25 Pneumatic tire

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JP35722797A JP3759302B2 (en) 1997-12-25 1997-12-25 Pneumatic tire

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JPH11189018A JPH11189018A (en) 1999-07-13
JP3759302B2 true JP3759302B2 (en) 2006-03-22

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002192921A (en) 2000-11-20 2002-07-10 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co:The Spiral hexagonal bead and manufacturing method
JP6620552B2 (en) * 2015-12-25 2019-12-18 横浜ゴム株式会社 Pneumatic tire
JP6465094B2 (en) 2016-10-26 2019-02-06 横浜ゴム株式会社 Pneumatic tire
JP6773013B2 (en) * 2017-12-06 2020-10-21 横浜ゴム株式会社 Pneumatic tires
JP6773014B2 (en) * 2017-12-06 2020-10-21 横浜ゴム株式会社 Pneumatic tires

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